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414:. In 1836 George Eaton came to what was then known as Potawatomi Ford. He built a cabin here and began the operation of Eaton's Ferry. In 1848, a bridge was built across the ford, but it burned. Eaton resumed operating the ferry until his death in 1851. Mrs. Eaton continued the ferry operation until her death in 1857. At that time, Sawyer took over the operation of the Ferry. Enos Baum built a toll bridge across the Kankakee at the site of the ford and the area has been known as Baum's Bridge ever since. The Collier family built Collier Lodge. At this time the area consisted of brushy
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491:. The modern Baum's Bridge Road continues to follow that path. By the middle of the nineteenth century, a sawmill was operating on the river used the river as a transportation route and method for cut logs. During the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Collier Lodge building was built. A former cabin was demolished for the new building. The site continued to be used by sportsmen. After the turn of the century Collier Lodge served as a small country inn and general store. By mid-century, it was a residential property.
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valley includes sand ridges and relict channel from its path before being straightened between the years 1906 – 1917. The site rests on one of these ridges adjacent to old channel. Until 1917, the marsh supported a productive ecosystem. This dry ridge next to the river and surrounded by the marsh was
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converge here from the north with another coming from the south. The crossing was known as
Pottawatommie Ford {sic} and has been described as "the most historic spot along the Kankakee in the marsh proper". The site is about 1 acre (0.40 ha) and is next to the Collier Lodge building. It is on a
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in the region from excavated contexts. Durable artifacts such as those made of stone, ceramics, or metal can be used to study technology, trade networks, economic status, culture contact, and the spatial distribution of different types of activities within the site and the region. Faunal and floral
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The hunting lodges adjacent to Baum's bridge in the 1870s are the significant occupation style of late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Hunting and fishing grew into a recreational style of wealthy urban socialites in the 1870s. Local farmers and businesses developed to serve as guides and
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Historic artifacts have been found from this period, such as: glass containers, tableware, window glass, and buttons. Metal items include items made of aluminum, brass, copper, iron, lead, silver, and tin. Fur Trade iron and brass hardware from a variety periods has been found. Animal bones from
274:. The sandy soils are well-drained, this is well suited for human habitation. This was a high area that drained well and was adjacent to the Kankakee Marsh. The site was also situated at one of the few points where it was relatively easy to cross the Kankakee Marsh. The outwash ridges from the
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are available from the late seventeenth century. The prehistoric and historic cultural deposits are unique for northwestern
Indiana. Prehistoric artifacts from the site represent most time periods over the last nine to ten thousand years and historic artifacts span the full range of historic
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used the site for short periods and during limited seasons. This continued into the Early
Woodland period (ca. 800 BC). Marion phase seasonal camps may have been occupied for longer periods. Artifacts show that Woodland period occupants included people of the Middle Woodland
463:, built on Deserter's Island. Heath & Milligan, of Chicago, bought land on School Grove Island and built Camp Milligan in 1869. Additional clubs built along the Kankakee, notably those at the Baum's Bridge crossing were: Indianapolis, Terre Haute and Rockville clubs.
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culture making intense use of the marsh resources. An as yet unidentified
Protohistoric culture probably evolved into historically known tribes during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The Potawatomi are the first historically known occupants.
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sand ridge on the north side of the historic channel. This was a productive natural area until it was canalized. It is at the tip of a sand ridge leading from the north to the channel of the
Kankakee. This forms a natural route through the wetlands.
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The
Pioneers are represented by the remains of a cabin, domestic debris, and animal bones. The evidence points to a fur trading or trapping at site. J. Sherwood and his family became the first settlers to remain at the site, in what is
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The nature of sporting leisure at Baum's bridge changed along the same pattern as society. In the 1870s, hunting and fishing were exclusively male pursuits. By 1920, men and women were enjoying time along the river.
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The
Collier Lodge site has been shown to contain an extremely high density of artifacts and features. The site is also the only site in northwestern Indiana that has produced the full sequence of prehistoric
240:, and what is now thought to be a cellar marks the location of a previously undocumented structure. Concentrations of animal bones from the early nineteenth century indicate furs were processed at the site.
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Collier Lodge site, Porter County, IN (#83003443); United States
Department off the Interior, National Park Service; National Register of Historic Places Inventory—Nomination Form; Washington D.C., 2014
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Geophysical
Surveys and Excavations at the Collier Lodge Site (12PR36), 2006 through 2009 Seasons; Mark R. Schurr; Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame; Notre Dame, IN; May 26, 2011
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Geophysical
Surveys and Excavations at the Collier Lodge Site, (12PR36), 2010 Season; Mark R. Schurr, Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN; October 9, 2011
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timber. Around the dry sand islands was a thick stands of swamp timber with the marsh to the south. This would have been the same through much of the earlier occupation periods. The
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The Goodall focus (Hopewellian Culture) were Native Americans known as the Woodland period peoples that occupied western Michigan, and northern Indiana from around 200 BCE to 500 CE.
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351:(ca. 9000 B.C.E.) to the modern era. The oldest artifacts are chipped stone tools from the Early Archaic. The site assemblage includes projectile points and other types of
307:(A.D. 1840 – 1880), the Hunting Lodge period (late nineteenth century). The early twentieth century has identified but the period from the 1880s o is under investigation.
232:
features documented at the site include two different types of roasting pits and small features whose functions are unknown. Historic features include the remains of a
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could be easily crossed. The site has been occupied for over 11,000 years with evidence of human occupation from 1,000 B.C.E. Historic records of humans occupation in
396:). Maize horticulture was perhaps first practiced near or on the site at that time. During the Upper Mississippian period (after A.D. 1050), people were a variety of
270:. It created a broad floodplain. The extremely flat valley became the marsh. Over a 12,000-year period, sandy soils were moved by the wind to create sand plains and
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from all periods, accompanied by many other stone tool types, along with chips were produced as stone tools were manufactured or repaired. Other artifacts include
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National Register of Historic Places Registration Form; Mark R. Schurr and Deborah L. Rotman; University of Notre Dame; South Bend, Indiana; February 27, 2009
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451:. By the 1890s, outdoors leisure for women was increasingly accepted, particularly fishing. Near the bridge, a party of hunters, millionaires, from
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Meyer (1934) defined four historic periods that could be better understood via the archaeological data from Collier Lodge. The periods were the "
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Archeology at Collier Lodge Site; Mark R. Schurr, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN & Kankakee Valley Historical Society; 2006
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formed the western boundary. The current narrow channel adjacent to Colliers Lodge is a remnant of the river before it was straightened.
379:(ca. A.D. 350 – 1050) periods are also present. Historic ceramics from the early nineteenth century through the recent past include fine
455:, built a clubhouse in 1876, and called it the Pittsburgh Gun club. Additional clubs built along the river, a group of hunters from
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The remnant channel of the Kankakee River. Now a slack water ox bow, it once was twice as wide and the main channel of the river.
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348:
367:, and pipe fragments. Upper Mississippian (after 1050 A.D.) pottery first found by McAllister, prehistoric pottery from the
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preservation are both excellent, so that a host of subsistence, economic, and environmental questions can be addressed.
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The Kankakee River in the vicinity of the Colliers Lodge Site. This is a quarter-mile south of the lodge location.
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Collier Lodge, south face from the culvert (once the bridge) over the remnant of the original Kankakee Channel
327:" (1910–1936). All of these periods are represented in the archaeological record of the Collier Lodge site.
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The Vidette-Messenger, Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana; August 18, 1936; Volume 10, Section 1, Page 7.
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zone. The valley was formed by glacial melt water flowing south from the Michigan and Saginaw lobes of
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provide lodging.. The sportsmen were wealthy business and political leaders, including President
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and coarse earthenwares or crockery. Prehistoric use of the site started when Early Archaic
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prehistoric and historic animals reveal the range of creatures indigenous to the region (
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303:(A.D. 1400 – 1500). The Historic period begins in 1840 A.D. It is subdivided into the
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475:, fish, birds and reptiles) and domesticates (cow, horse, pig, chicken and dog).
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323:" (1840–1880), the "Rancher and Recreationist’s Kankakee" (1880 -1910) and the "
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follows suit. In 1873, the Columbia Hunting club, a group of business men from
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Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
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One of the trails developed into a road providing the link between
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attractive to human and animal life. The site is located in the
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National Register of Historic Places in Porter County, Indiana
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period (ca. 800 – 150 B.C); when pottery began in the region,
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Baums Bridge Road and the original location of Baum's Bridge
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Pioneer Hunters of the Kankakee; J. Lorenzo Werich; pg 239
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582:. National Park Service. March 14, 2014. Archived from
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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1396:Buildings and structures in Porter County, Indiana
228:occupations in northwestern Indiana. Prehistoric
479:Reclamationists and resorters period (1910–1936)
392:tradition (ca. 250 B.C. to A.D. 350, a regional
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299:(1000 – 200 B.C.), and portions of the Upper
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774:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
291:(ca. 9000 B.C.) through the recent past.
48:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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139:1099 Baum's Bridge Road; Kouts, Indiana
576:"National Register Information System"
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264:Kankakee Outwash and Lacustrine Plain
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580:National Register of Historic Places
508:Aukiki Festival and Colliers Lodge
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345:Indiana's prehistory and history
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520:Front façade of Colliers Lodge
438:Lewis "Lew" Wallace (1827–1905)
375:(ca. 150 B.C. – A.D. 350), and
343:The site reflects the range of
287:The site was occupied from the
219:, is one of the few places the
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1:
319:" (prior to A.D. 1840), the "
126:Show map of the United States
29:United States historic place
1332:National Historic Landmarks
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405:Pioneer period (1840–1880)
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189:NRHP reference
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331:Native period (pre 1840)
1091:Marion: Center Township
317:Pottawatomie’s Kankakee
295:features belong to the
165:41.275384°N 87.072100°W
1345:Keeper of the Register
797:Keeper of the Register
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217:Porter County, Indiana
57:U.S. Historic district
1365:Contributing property
812:National Park Service
792:Contributing property
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184:1 acre (0.40 ha)
170:41.275384; -87.072100
457:Louisville, Kentucky
301:Mississippian period
225:northwestern Indiana
161: /
101:Show map of Indiana
440:
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321:Pioneer’s Kankakee
276:Valparaiso Moraine
213:Collier Lodge site
40:Collier Lodge Site
18:Collier Lodge Site
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1360:Historic district
802:Historic district
445:Benjamin Harrison
418:ground cover and
412:Pleasant Township
347:, from the Early
268:Wisconsin Glacier
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16:(Redirected from
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357:grinding stones
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353:hafted bifaces
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297:Early Woodland
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204:
202:Added to NRHP
200:
197:
194:
187:
183:
179:
174:
146:
142:
138:
134:
113:
88:
78:
71:
66:
62:
58:
53:
49:
44:
37:
33:
27:
19:
716:
707:
684:
675:
666:
657:
648:
584:the original
579:
570:
482:
469:
465:
447:and General
441:
408:
381:earthenwares
342:
324:
320:
316:
314:
286:
256:
242:
212:
210:
26:
1320:Other lists
1261:Vanderburgh
1241:Switzerland
861:Bartholomew
652:Meyer, 1936
449:Lew Wallace
293:Prehistoric
168: /
144:Coordinates
1380:Categories
1291:Washington
1266:Vermillion
1246:Tippecanoe
1206:St. Joseph
1121:Montgomery
1021:Huntington
670:Furr, 1982
562:References
489:Logansport
453:Pittsburgh
416:herbaceous
283:Occupation
272:sand dunes
238:post molds
156:87°04′20″W
153:41°16′31″N
1061:Kosciusko
1041:Jefferson
1006:Hendricks
871:Blackford
844:by county
365:birdstone
234:fireplace
1236:Sullivan
1191:Randolph
1101:Marshall
1081:Lawrence
1066:LaGrange
1046:Jennings
1001:Harrison
991:Hamilton
966:Franklin
961:Fountain
936:Delaware
921:Dearborn
911:Crawford
246:ceramics
196:09001133
136:Location
1327:Bridges
1311:Whitley
1286:Warrick
1231:Steuben
1221:Spencer
1181:Pulaski
1086:Madison
1076:LaPorte
1051:Johnson
1026:Jackson
996:Hancock
951:Fayette
946:Elkhart
926:Decatur
916:Daviess
906:Clinton
886:Carroll
778:Indiana
728:Sources
495:Gallery
473:mammals
390:Goodall
349:Archaic
253:Setting
1281:Warren
1276:Wabash
1251:Tipton
1226:Starke
1216:Shelby
1196:Ripley
1186:Putnam
1171:Porter
1146:Orange
1131:Newton
1126:Morgan
1116:Monroe
1106:Martin
1031:Jasper
1016:Howard
986:Greene
976:Gibson
971:Fulton
941:Dubois
931:DeKalb
866:Benton
785:Topics
461:Hebron
398:Oneota
361:gorget
1306:White
1301:Wells
1296:Wayne
1256:Union
1211:Scott
1176:Posey
1161:Perry
1156:Parke
1136:Noble
1111:Miami
1011:Henry
981:Grant
956:Floyd
896:Clark
881:Brown
876:Boone
856:Allen
851:Adams
842:Lists
1271:Vigo
1201:Rush
1166:Pike
1151:Owen
1141:Ohio
1071:Lake
1056:Knox
901:Clay
891:Cass
487:and
363:, a
257:The
211:The
205:2009
181:Area
1036:Jay
776:in
420:oak
191:No.
1382::
693:^
616:^
592:^
578:.
359:,
236:,
766:e
759:t
752:v
20:)
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