Knowledge (XXG)

Special classes of semigroups

Source πŸ“

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of all semigroups and a complete description of their structure. In the case of semigroups, since the binary operation is required to satisfy only the associativity property the problem of classification is considered extremely difficult. Descriptions of structures have been obtained for certain
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A (necessarily incomplete) list of various special classes of semigroups is presented below. To the extent possible the defining properties are formulated in terms of the binary operations in the semigroups. The references point to the locations from where the defining properties are sourced.
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of semigroups, in constructing special classes, attention is focused only on those properties, restrictions and conditions which can be expressed in terms of the binary operations in the semigroups and occasionally on the cardinality and similar properties of
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special classes of semigroups. For example, the structure of the sets of idempotents of regular semigroups is completely known. Structure descriptions are presented in terms of better known types of semigroups. The best known type of semigroup is the
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are required to satisfy not just one condition but a set of additional properties. A large collection of special classes of semigroups have been defined though not all of them have been studied equally intensively.
8841: 9031: 9541: 4043: 8897: 8746: 8548: 8293: 9483: 7452: 7331: 6243: 5882: 2310: 8943: 8640: 8594: 8339: 8038: 7973: 7717: 3754: 9396: 9314: 9262: 9178: 8128: 9225: 9141: 7644: 7569: 5830: 8383: 5744: 8405: 8150: 7493: 7372: 7251: 702: 898: 7928: 7902: 9426: 9344: 8476: 8221: 746: 57: 7731: 9905: 9883: 9785: 9761: 9698: 9595: 8754: 219:
In describing the defining properties of the various special classes of semigroups, the following notational conventions are adopted.
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semigroups consists of all those semigroups in which the binary operation satisfies the commutativity property that
6201: 813:. Note that if this set is a variety, its set of finite elements is automatically a variety of finite semigroups. 9982: 6895: 5835: 6839: 6796: 6289: 4642: 2269: 8921: 8618: 8556: 8301: 8000: 7951: 7695: 3716: 9737: 199: 9367: 9285: 1900: 1872: 1844: 9729: 7179: 6778: 6770: 120: 9234: 9150: 8108: 9201: 9117: 7620: 7545: 9826: 9777: 9658: 6651: 3254: 1814: 1711: 1133: 617: 5799: 43: 8363: 7206: 7114: 6856: 6789: 6089: 5724: 3690: 3144: 204: 8388: 8133: 7476: 7355: 7234: 9830: 6311: 6182: 3290: 3180: 2626: 2256: 2189: 2118: 2011: 1005: 967: 680: 112: 883: 7907: 7875: 9901: 9879: 9806: 9781: 9757: 9694: 9616: 9591: 9080: 7092: 6281: 6277: 2675: 1977: 911: 290: 180: 9405: 9323: 8444: 8189: 7186:
A semigroup which is also a topological space. Such that the semigroup product is continuous.
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which is idempotent. This element exists, assuming the semigroup is (locally) finite. See
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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Theory of Regular Semigroups and Applications
2431:, group-bound semigroup, completely (or strongly) Ο€-regular semigroup, and many other; see 9946: 9851: 6831: 6815: 870: 721: 198:
As in any algebraic theory, one of the main problems of the theory of semigroups is the
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Equivalently, for finite monoid: regular D-class are semigroup, and furthermore
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Monoids, Acts and Categories: with Applications to Wreath Products and Graphs
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K. P. Shum "Rpp semigroups, its generalizations and special subclasses" in
7794:{\displaystyle (a^{\omega }a^{\omega }a^{\omega })^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 2453: 2428: 809:. And whether the set of finite semigroups of this special class forms a 192: 9959: 9859: 164: 941: 172: 167: 9834: 9632:
Hui Chen (2006), "Construction of a kind of abundant semigroups",
8836:{\displaystyle a_{1}\dots a_{n}ya_{1}\dots a_{n}=a_{1}\dots a_{n}} 3372:
The direct product of a right zero semigroup and an abelian group.
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The direct product of a left zero semigroup and an abelian group.
9026:{\displaystyle (a^{\omega }ba^{\omega })^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 805:
The third column states whether this set of semigroups forms a
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Equivalently, regular D-class are semigroup, and furthermore
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into itself with composition of mappings as binary operation.
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Equivalently, every regular D-class is a rectangular band
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is closed under product (i.e. this set is a subsemigroup)
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The direct product of a right zero semigroup and a group.
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A regular semigroup in which all idempotents are central.
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Mati Kilp, Ulrich Knauer, Alexander V. Mikhalev (2000),
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A semigroup which is right simple and left cancellative.
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A semigroup which is left simple and right cancellative.
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P. M. Edwards (1983), "Eventually regular semigroups",
9536:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }\leq a^{\omega }ba^{\omega }} 9087:
A semigroup with a partial order relation ≀, such that
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A right simple and conditionally commutative semigroup.
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semigroups consists of those semigroups for which the
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Fennemore, Charles (1970), "All varieties of bands",
9496: 9452: 9408: 9370: 9326: 9288: 9237: 9204: 9153: 9120: 8973: 8924: 8852: 8757: 8685: 8621: 8559: 8487: 8447: 8391: 8366: 8304: 8232: 8192: 8136: 8111: 8003: 7954: 7910: 7878: 7734: 7698: 7623: 7548: 7479: 7399: 7358: 7278: 7237: 6204: 5838: 5802: 5727: 4038:{\displaystyle yx^{\omega }=x^{\omega }=x^{\omega }y} 3992: 3978:
Equivalently, for finite semigroup: for each element
3719: 2272: 886: 724: 683: 8892:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }ba^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 9535: 9477: 9420: 9390: 9338: 9308: 9256: 9219: 9172: 9135: 9025: 8937: 8891: 8835: 8741:{\displaystyle ya_{1}\dots a_{n}=a_{1}\dots a_{n}} 8740: 8634: 8588: 8543:{\displaystyle ba_{1}\dots a_{n}=a_{1}\dots a_{n}} 8542: 8470: 8399: 8377: 8333: 8288:{\displaystyle a_{1}\dots a_{n}y=a_{1}\dots a_{n}} 8287: 8215: 8144: 8122: 8032: 7967: 7922: 7896: 7793: 7711: 7638: 7563: 7487: 7446: 7366: 7325: 7245: 6237: 5876: 5824: 5738: 4037: 3748: 2304: 892: 740: 696: 7099:A regular semigroup generated by its idempotents. 3295:A right zero semigroup which is a band. That is: 9478:{\displaystyle \mathbb {L} \mathbf {J} _{1}^{+}} 3786:E is countable descending chain under the order 3185:A left zero semigroup which is a band. That is: 780:an element of the semigroup such that, for each 183:are not assumed to carry any other mathematical 9848:Applications of epigroups to graded ring theory 1905:Left and right cancellative semigroup, that is 9715:Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 9061:List of special classes of ordered semigroups 7984:Each regular D-class is an aperiodic semigroup 7447:{\displaystyle b(ab)^{\omega }=(ab)^{\omega }} 7326:{\displaystyle (ab)^{\omega }a=(ab)^{\omega }} 4564:is a nilsemigroup or a one-element semigroup. 3709:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: for each 8: 6738:Γ— { 0 } Γ— Ξ› ) is the Rees matrix semigroup 6238:{\displaystyle \langle x,y\mid xy=1\rangle } 6232: 6205: 1292:Left and right weakly commutative. That is: 9927:Mathematical Foundations of Automata Theory 9671:Bulletin of Australian Mathematical Society 7804:Equivalently, regular H-classes are groups, 5877:{\displaystyle (aba)^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 9609:The Algebraic Theory of Semigroups Vol. II 9053: 1484:-commutative and conditionally commutative 1427:-commutative and conditionally commutative 815: 714:for more information about this notation. 9584:The Algebraic Theory of Semigroups Vol. I 9527: 9514: 9501: 9495: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9453: 9451: 9407: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9369: 9325: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9287: 9242: 9236: 9211: 9206: 9203: 9164: 9152: 9127: 9122: 9119: 9017: 9004: 8994: 8981: 8972: 8930: 8926: 8925: 8923: 8883: 8870: 8857: 8851: 8827: 8814: 8801: 8788: 8775: 8762: 8756: 8732: 8719: 8706: 8693: 8684: 8627: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8580: 8567: 8558: 8534: 8521: 8508: 8495: 8486: 8461: 8453: 8452: 8446: 8392: 8390: 8367: 8365: 8325: 8309: 8303: 8279: 8266: 8250: 8237: 8231: 8206: 8198: 8197: 8191: 8137: 8135: 8115: 8110: 8024: 8011: 8002: 7960: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7909: 7888: 7883: 7877: 7854:Equivalently, there exists no idempotent 7785: 7772: 7762: 7752: 7742: 7733: 7704: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7629: 7624: 7622: 7554: 7549: 7547: 7480: 7478: 7438: 7416: 7398: 7359: 7357: 7317: 7292: 7277: 7238: 7236: 6203: 5868: 5855: 5837: 5807: 5801: 5728: 5726: 4296:Every finitely generated subsemigroup of 4026: 4013: 4000: 3991: 3740: 3724: 3718: 2305:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }b=ba^{\omega }} 2296: 2277: 2271: 1773:depending on the couple (a,b) such that ( 885: 733: 725: 723: 688: 682: 76:Learn how and when to remove this message 9709:K. S. Harinath (1979), "Some results on 8938:{\displaystyle \mathbb {L} \mathbf {G} } 8635:{\displaystyle \mathbb {L} \mathbf {1} } 8589:{\displaystyle ba^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 8334:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }b=a^{\omega }} 8033:{\displaystyle aa^{\omega }=a^{\omega }} 7968:{\displaystyle \mathbb {D} \mathbf {A} } 7712:{\displaystyle \mathbb {D} \mathbf {S} } 6955:Semigroup of one-to-one transformations 3749:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }a=a^{\omega }} 221: 9640:), 165–171 (Accessed on 25 April 2009) 9068: 6573:Set of finite sequences of elements of 4272:is equal to the semigroup generated by 2975:(Right principal projective semigroup) 824: 9854:, Volume 50, Number 1 (1995), 327-350 9607:A. H. Clifford, G. B. Preston (1967). 3033:(Left principal projective semigroup) 817:List of special classes of semigroups 9799:Advances in Algebra and Combinatorics 9485:locally positive J-trivial semigroup 7213:The smallest finite monoid which can 4115:is an ideal, a nilsemigroup, and 0 ∈ 801:List of special classes of semigroups 7: 9391:{\displaystyle \mathbf {J} _{1}^{-}} 9309:{\displaystyle \mathbf {J} _{1}^{+}} 8967:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8846:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8751:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8679:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8553:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8481:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8437:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8298:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8226:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 8182:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 7515:Equivalently, the monoids which are 7272:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 5796:equivalently, for finite semigroup: 4245:is the only congruence contained in 2266:Equivalently, for finite semigroup: 1345:Conditionally commutative semigroup 8430:is a right zero semigroup equal to 3075:, contains at least one idempotent. 3017:, contains at least one idempotent. 9801:edited by K P Shum et al. (2008), 9231:Nilpotent finite semigroups, with 9147:Nilpotent finite semigroups, with 8175:is a left zero semigroup equal to 7830:Equivalently, for each idempotent 7728:Equivalently, for finite monoids: 7665:Equivalently, for finite monoids: 7590:Equivalently, for finite monoids: 7393:Equivalently, for finite monoids, 887: 25: 9772:M. Petrich, N. R. Reilly (1999). 9257:{\displaystyle b^{\omega }\leq a} 9173:{\displaystyle a\leq b^{\omega }} 8441:is a right zero semigroup equals 8123:{\displaystyle \ell \mathbf {1} } 1613:Externally commutative semigroup 123:or conditions. Thus the class of 9734:Fundamentals of Semigroup Theory 9460: 9373: 9291: 9220:{\displaystyle \mathbf {N} ^{-}} 9207: 9136:{\displaystyle \mathbf {N} ^{+}} 9123: 8931: 8628: 8393: 8371: 8368: 8186:is a left zero semigroup equals 8138: 8116: 7961: 7705: 7639:{\displaystyle \mathbf {L_{1}} } 7630: 7626: 7564:{\displaystyle \mathbf {R_{1}} } 7555: 7551: 7481: 7360: 7239: 5732: 5729: 2566:Strongly unit regular semigroup 31: 9095:implies cβ€’a ≀ cβ€’b and aβ€’c ≀ bβ€’c 7045:There exists a unary operation 7000:There exists a unary operation 6982: 6904:There exists a unary operation 4264:Idempotent generated semigroup 3903:Complete commutative semigroup 143:in the semigroup. The class of 9898:Techniques of semigroup theory 9001: 8974: 8462: 8454: 8207: 8199: 7769: 7735: 7662:-equivalence class is trivial. 7587:-equivalence class is trivial. 7512:-equivalence class is trivial. 7435: 7425: 7413: 7403: 7390:-equivalence class is trivial. 7314: 7304: 7289: 7279: 7269:-equivalence class is trivial. 7217:a subset of another semigroup. 6378:are equal, all four are equal. 6350: 5852: 5839: 5825:{\displaystyle a^{\omega }a=a} 5503:Completely 0-simple semigroup 3328: 3220: 2218: 2147: 2040: 1087: 1034: 734: 726: 1: 9878:, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 9874:, Expositions in Mathematics 9774:Completely regular semigroups 9750:Special Classes of Semigroups 9613:American Mathematical Society 9588:American Mathematical Society 9490:Finite semigroups satisfying 8378:{\displaystyle \mathbf {r1} } 6261:Full transformation semigroup 5739:{\displaystyle \mathbf {CS} } 5691:. Each Rees factor semigroup 4643:Full transformation semigroup 4560:is a cancellative semigroup, 4193:Finitely presented semigroup 1182:Nowhere commutative semigroup 1046:A commutative band, that is: 9660:(Accessed on 27 April 2009) 8642:: Locally trivial semigroup 8400:{\displaystyle \mathbf {D} } 8145:{\displaystyle \mathbf {K} } 7488:{\displaystyle \mathbf {J} } 7367:{\displaystyle \mathbf {L} } 7246:{\displaystyle \mathbf {R} } 6848: 6806: 6761: 6550: 6426: 6385: 6303: 6252: 6174: 6134: 6076: 6024: 5972: 5898: 5714: 5638: 5602: 5495: 5416:Completely simple semigroup 5408: 5371: 4721:Right unambiguous semigroup 4713: 4661: 3682: 3655: 3628: 3591: 3553: 3490: 3450: 3410: 3352: 3282: 3246: 3172: 3136: 2872: 2709: 2523: 2372:Eventually regular semigroup 2226:Completely regular semigroup 2181: 2110: 2078: 2003: 1969: 1930: 1892: 1864: 1845:Right cancellative semigroup 1769:There is a positive integer 1561:Right commutative semigroup 1530:Quasi-commutative semigroup 1209: 1173: 1125: 1081: 997: 828:Variety of finite semigroup 811:variety of finite semigroups 764:For example, the definition 712:variety of finite semigroups 400:Arbitrary positive integers 9900:. Oxford University Press. 9634:Mathematical Communications 6394:Symmetric inverse semigroup 4784:Left unambiguous semigroup 4669:Weakly reductive semigroup 3636:Right reversible semigroup 1873:Left cancellative semigroup 1587:Left commutative semigroup 697:{\displaystyle x^{\omega }} 414:Specific positive integers 109:special class of semigroups 51:. The specific problem is: 9999: 9937: 9914: 9889: 9864: 9840: 9816: 9790: 9766: 9742: 9723: 9703: 9679: 9663: 9643: 9625: 9600: 9569: 8407:: Right trivial semigroup 8152:: Lefty trivial semigroup 7975:: Semigroup whose regular 7719:: Semigroup whose regular 6871:= { 0,1,2, ... } under + . 5324:for some positive integer 4400:(Right inverse semigroup) 3663:Left reversible semigroup 3458:Right reductive semigroup 2795:(Pseudoinverse semigroup) 2793:Locally inverse semigroup 2427:Quasi-periodic semigroup, 893:{\displaystyle \emptyset } 155:. Members of the class of 47:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s 9896:Peter M. Higgins (1992). 7923:{\displaystyle S\times S} 7897:{\displaystyle B_{2}^{1}} 7872:Equivalently, the monoid 7106: 7084: 7027: 6943: 6896:Semigroup with involution 6888: 6642: 6539:β‰  0 )   β‡’   6481:β‰  0 )   β‡’   6463:β‰  0 )   β‡’   6032:Right 0-simple semigroup 5904: 5334: 5284: 5239: 5197: 5084: 5016: 4948: 4839: 4776: 4631: 4523: 4492: 4461: 4437:(Left inverse semigroup) 4424: 4387: 4315: 4291:Locally finite semigroup 4283: 4256: 4228: 4185: 4125: 4059: 3942: 3931:Every nonempty subset of 3896: 3860: 3833: 3805: 3418:Left reductive semigroup 3379: 3082: 3024: 2966: 2825: 2785: 2747: 2667: 2662: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2432: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2376:Quasi regular semigroup) 2365: 2247: 1939:''E''-inversive semigroup 1836: 1805: 1748: 1703: 1657: 1631: 1605: 1579: 1553: 1522: 1491: 1465: 1434: 1408: 1377: 1337: 1281: 1253:Right weakly commutative 1245: 959: 670:Green classes containing 9554: 9439: 9357: 9275: 9191: 9107: 9045: 8911: 8608: 8353: 8098: 7979:are aperiodic semigroup 7941: 7685: 7658:-trivial. That is, each 7610: 7583:-trivial. That is, each 7535: 7508:-trivial. That is, each 7466: 7386:-trivial. That is, each 7345: 7265:-trivial. That is, each 7224: 7198: 6797:composition of functions 6159:, ... } is a finite set. 5980:Left 0-simple semigroup 5910: 5707:) is 0-simple or simple. 5092:0-unambiguous semigroup 4531:Subelementary semigroup 4065: 3840:Right Clifford semigroup 3771: 3765: 2619: 2559: 2323: 2154:Right regular semigroup 2047:Intra-regular semigroup 1217:Left weakly commutative 9738:Oxford University Press 9421:{\displaystyle a\leq 1} 9339:{\displaystyle 1\leq a} 8471:{\displaystyle S^{|S|}} 8216:{\displaystyle S^{|S|}} 6683:Define an operation in 6492:β‰  0 there exist unique 6413:partial transformations 6290:composition of mappings 5247:Right Putcha semigroup 4650:Set of all mappings of 4500:Right simple semigroup 4344:and a positive integer 3813:Left Clifford semigroup 2818:is a pseudosemilattice. 2755:Right inverse semigroup 2717:Left inverse semigroup 2531:Unit regular semigroup 2086:Left regular semigroup 1502:-commutative semigroup 1476:-commutative semigroup 1445:-commutative semigroup 1419:-commutative semigroup 1388:-commutative semigroup 971:(Idempotent semigroup) 9713:-regular semigroups", 9685:P. A. Grillet (1995). 9537: 9479: 9422: 9392: 9340: 9310: 9258: 9221: 9174: 9137: 9027: 8939: 8893: 8837: 8742: 8636: 8590: 8544: 8472: 8401: 8379: 8335: 8289: 8217: 8146: 8124: 8034: 7969: 7924: 7898: 7795: 7713: 7640: 7565: 7489: 7448: 7368: 7327: 7247: 6779:linear transformations 6771:linear transformations 6357:Rectangular semigroup 6272:(Symmetric semigroup) 6239: 5878: 5826: 5740: 5559:There exists non-zero 5205:Left Putcha semigroup 4847:Unambiguous semigroup 4469:Left simple semigroup 4236:Fundamental semigroup 4039: 3953:(Nilpotent semigroup) 3750: 2959:, contain idempotents. 2374:(Ο€-regular semigroup, 2306: 1901:Cancellative semigroup 1136:commutative semigroup 894: 742: 698: 428:Arbitrary elements of 366:Arbitrary elements of 324:Arbitrary elements of 251:Set of idempotents in 119:satisfying additional 9778:John Wiley & Sons 9538: 9480: 9423: 9393: 9341: 9311: 9259: 9222: 9175: 9138: 9028: 8940: 8894: 8838: 8743: 8637: 8591: 8545: 8473: 8402: 8380: 8336: 8290: 8218: 8147: 8125: 8035: 7970: 7925: 7899: 7796: 7714: 7641: 7566: 7490: 7449: 7369: 7328: 7248: 7180:Topological semigroup 7125:such that for all a, 6240: 5879: 5827: 5741: 5646:Semisimple semigroup 5615:(Bisimple semigroup) 5379:0-bisimple semigroup 4435:-unipotent semigroup 4398:-unipotent semigroup 4075:Elementary semigroup 4040: 3967:= 0 for some integer 3886:is a subsemigroup of 3751: 3599:Reversible semigroup 3561:Separative semigroup 2836:-inversive semigroup 2651:is a subsemigroup of 2307: 895: 743: 699: 345:Specific elements of 18:Commutative semigroup 9978:Algebraic structures 9827:University of Kerala 9748:Attila Nagy (2001). 9655:Numerical semigroups 9494: 9450: 9406: 9368: 9324: 9286: 9235: 9202: 9151: 9118: 8971: 8922: 8850: 8755: 8683: 8619: 8557: 8485: 8445: 8389: 8364: 8302: 8230: 8190: 8134: 8109: 8001: 7952: 7908: 7876: 7732: 7696: 7621: 7546: 7477: 7397: 7356: 7276: 7235: 6950:Baer–Levi semigroup 6202: 5836: 5800: 5725: 5024:Right 0-unambiguous 4141:There exists unique 4106:is a group, and 1 ∈ 3990: 3920:is in a subgroup of 3717: 3498:Reductive semigroup 3387:Unipotent semigroup 3255:Right zero semigroup 2682:There exists unique 2483:Primitive semigroup 2334:-regular semigroup ( 2270: 884: 722: 681: 450:Identity element of 379:Specific element of 241:Arbitrary semigroup 58:improve this article 9813:(pp. 303–334) 9474: 9387: 9305: 9062: 7893: 7207:Syntactic semigroup 6857:Numerical semigroup 6142:Periodic semigroup 6090:Monogenic semigroup 5920:0-simple semigroup 5761:. (There exists no 5746:: Simple semigroup 5567:such that whenever 5464:such that whenever 5348:-simple semigroup) 4956:Left 0-unambiguous 4639:Symmetric semigroup 4371:  β‡’   4136:-unitary semigroup 3691:Aperiodic semigroup 3577:  β‡’   3361:Right abelian group 3145:Left zero semigroup 2880:Abundant semigroup 1882:  β‡’   1854:  β‡’   1289:Weakly commutative 818: 772:should be read as: 750:The cardinality of 741:{\displaystyle |X|} 224: 9960:10.1007/BF02573031 9860:10.1007/BF02573530 9831:Thiruvananthapuram 9611:(Second Edition). 9586:(Second Edition). 9533: 9475: 9458: 9418: 9402:Semilattices with 9388: 9371: 9336: 9320:Semilattices with 9306: 9289: 9254: 9217: 9170: 9133: 9069:Defining property 9060: 9023: 8935: 8889: 8833: 8738: 8632: 8586: 8540: 8468: 8397: 8375: 8331: 8285: 8213: 8142: 8120: 8030: 7965: 7944:pp. 154, 155, 158 7920: 7894: 7879: 7791: 7709: 7636: 7561: 7504:Monoids which are 7485: 7444: 7364: 7323: 7243: 6577:with the operation 6362:Whenever three of 6235: 6183:Bicyclic semigroup 5874: 5822: 5736: 5342:Bisimple semigroup 4450:contains a unique 4413:contains a unique 4035: 3746: 2774:contains a unique 2736:contains a unique 2627:Orthodox semigroup 2302: 2257:Clifford semigroup 2190:Right-regular band 1945:-dense semigroup) 890: 825:Defining property 816: 788:in the semigroup, 738: 706:The only power of 694: 264:Group of units in 222: 179:. The underlying 53:various, see talk. 9966: 9965: 9907:978-0-19-853577-5 9884:978-3-11-015248-7 9786:978-0-471-19571-9 9762:978-0-7923-6890-8 9699:978-0-8247-9662-4 9596:978-0-8218-0272-4 9561: 9560: 9081:Ordered semigroup 9059: 9052: 9051: 8945:: Locally groups 7650:-trivial monoids 7646:: idempotent and 7575:-trivial monoids 7571:: idempotent and 7499:-trivial monoids 7378:-trivial monoids 7257:-trivial monoids 6408:The semigroup of 6318:A band such that 6288:into itself with 6112:, ... } for some 5613:-simple semigroup 5292:Putcha semigroup 4362:  β‡’   3971:which depends on 3706:) such that a = a 2676:Inverse semigroup 2196:A band such that 2125:A band such that 2119:Left-regular band 2018:A band such that 1978:Regular semigroup 1920:  β‡’   1911:  β‡’   1639:Medial semigroup 1012:A band such that 912:Trivial semigroup 762: 761: 618:Green's relations 277:Minimal ideal of 157:Brandt semigroups 135:for all elements 100:together with an 86: 85: 78: 49:quality standards 40:This article may 16:(Redirected from 9990: 9983:Semigroup theory 9962: 9934: 9932: 9911: 9803:World Scientific 9720:(11), 1422–1431 9568: 9567: 9542: 9540: 9539: 9534: 9532: 9531: 9519: 9518: 9506: 9505: 9484: 9482: 9481: 9476: 9473: 9468: 9463: 9457: 9427: 9425: 9424: 9419: 9397: 9395: 9394: 9389: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9345: 9343: 9342: 9337: 9315: 9313: 9312: 9307: 9304: 9299: 9294: 9263: 9261: 9260: 9255: 9247: 9246: 9226: 9224: 9223: 9218: 9216: 9215: 9210: 9179: 9177: 9176: 9171: 9169: 9168: 9142: 9140: 9139: 9134: 9132: 9131: 9126: 9063: 9054: 9032: 9030: 9029: 9024: 9022: 9021: 9009: 9008: 8999: 8998: 8986: 8985: 8944: 8942: 8941: 8936: 8934: 8929: 8898: 8896: 8895: 8890: 8888: 8887: 8875: 8874: 8862: 8861: 8842: 8840: 8839: 8834: 8832: 8831: 8819: 8818: 8806: 8805: 8793: 8792: 8780: 8779: 8767: 8766: 8747: 8745: 8744: 8739: 8737: 8736: 8724: 8723: 8711: 8710: 8698: 8697: 8641: 8639: 8638: 8633: 8631: 8626: 8595: 8593: 8592: 8587: 8585: 8584: 8572: 8571: 8549: 8547: 8546: 8541: 8539: 8538: 8526: 8525: 8513: 8512: 8500: 8499: 8477: 8475: 8474: 8469: 8467: 8466: 8465: 8457: 8406: 8404: 8403: 8398: 8396: 8384: 8382: 8381: 8376: 8374: 8340: 8338: 8337: 8332: 8330: 8329: 8314: 8313: 8294: 8292: 8291: 8286: 8284: 8283: 8271: 8270: 8255: 8254: 8242: 8241: 8222: 8220: 8219: 8214: 8212: 8211: 8210: 8202: 8151: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8141: 8129: 8127: 8126: 8121: 8119: 8039: 8037: 8036: 8031: 8029: 8028: 8016: 8015: 7974: 7972: 7971: 7966: 7964: 7959: 7929: 7927: 7926: 7921: 7904:does not divide 7903: 7901: 7900: 7895: 7892: 7887: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7792: 7790: 7789: 7777: 7776: 7767: 7766: 7757: 7756: 7747: 7746: 7718: 7716: 7715: 7710: 7708: 7703: 7645: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7635: 7634: 7633: 7570: 7568: 7567: 7562: 7560: 7559: 7558: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7486: 7484: 7453: 7451: 7450: 7445: 7443: 7442: 7421: 7420: 7373: 7371: 7370: 7365: 7363: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7324: 7322: 7321: 7297: 7296: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7242: 6832:binary relations 6816:binary relations 6666:with 0 adjoined. 6435:Brandt semigroup 6312:Rectangular band 6294:binary operation 6244: 6242: 6241: 6236: 6085:Cyclic semigroup 5883: 5881: 5880: 5875: 5873: 5872: 5860: 5859: 5831: 5829: 5828: 5823: 5812: 5811: 5745: 5743: 5742: 5737: 5735: 5421:There exists no 5310:  β‡’   5262:  β‡’   5217:  β‡’   5165:  β‡’   5120:  β‡’   5052:  β‡’   4984:  β‡’   4171:  β‡’   4044: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4030: 4018: 4017: 4005: 4004: 3808:p. 233–238 3755: 3753: 3752: 3747: 3745: 3744: 3729: 3728: 3594:p. 130–131 2311: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2282: 2281: 1195:  β‡’   1006:Rectangular band 899: 897: 896: 891: 819: 747: 745: 744: 739: 737: 729: 703: 701: 700: 695: 693: 692: 439:Zero element of 225: 105:binary operation 81: 74: 70: 67: 61: 35: 34: 27: 21: 9998: 9997: 9993: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9988: 9987: 9968: 9967: 9947:Semigroup Forum 9943: 9930: 9920: 9908: 9895: 9852:Semigroup Forum 9846:A. V. Kelarev, 9566: 9523: 9510: 9497: 9492: 9491: 9448: 9447: 9404: 9403: 9366: 9365: 9322: 9321: 9284: 9283: 9238: 9233: 9232: 9205: 9200: 9199: 9160: 9149: 9148: 9121: 9116: 9115: 9013: 9000: 8990: 8977: 8969: 8968: 8920: 8919: 8879: 8866: 8853: 8848: 8847: 8823: 8810: 8797: 8784: 8771: 8758: 8753: 8752: 8728: 8715: 8702: 8689: 8681: 8680: 8617: 8616: 8576: 8563: 8555: 8554: 8530: 8517: 8504: 8491: 8483: 8482: 8448: 8443: 8442: 8387: 8386: 8362: 8361: 8321: 8305: 8300: 8299: 8275: 8262: 8246: 8233: 8228: 8227: 8193: 8188: 8187: 8132: 8131: 8107: 8106: 8074: 8051: 8020: 8007: 7999: 7998: 7950: 7949: 7906: 7905: 7874: 7873: 7847: 7816: 7781: 7768: 7758: 7748: 7738: 7730: 7729: 7694: 7693: 7625: 7619: 7618: 7550: 7544: 7543: 7475: 7474: 7434: 7412: 7395: 7394: 7354: 7353: 7313: 7288: 7274: 7273: 7233: 7232: 6898: 6825: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6599: 6592: 6585: 6578: 6568: 6403: 6271: 6270: 6200: 6199: 6087: 5864: 5851: 5834: 5833: 5803: 5798: 5797: 5755: 5723: 5722: 5690: 5627: 5614: 5360: 5343: 5187: 5174: 5157: 5142: 5129: 5112: 5074: 5061: 5044: 5006: 4993: 4976: 4937: 4924: 4911: 4891: 4878: 4865: 4828: 4815: 4802: 4765: 4752: 4739: 4640: 4512: 4481: 4449: 4436: 4412: 4399: 4092:is of the form 4022: 4009: 3996: 3988: 3987: 3935:has an infimum. 3879: 3842:(RC-semigroup) 3841: 3815:(LC-semigroup) 3814: 3795: 3736: 3720: 3715: 3714: 3693: 3355:p. 37, 38 3291:Right zero band 3249:p. 37, 38 3092: 3047: 3032: 2989: 2974: 2904: 2894: 2794: 2773: 2756: 2735: 2718: 2666: 2474: 2469: 2418: 2414: 2375: 2373: 2292: 2273: 2268: 2267: 2239: 1494:p. 93–107 1437:p. 93–107 970: 918:Cardinality of 882: 881: 871:Empty semigroup 803: 720: 719: 684: 679: 678: 667: 658: 649: 640: 631: 578: 556: 548: 529: 520: 516: 507: 503: 494: 490: 474:βˆͺ { 1 } if 1 βˆ‰ 217: 82: 71: 65: 62: 55: 36: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9996: 9994: 9986: 9985: 9980: 9970: 9969: 9964: 9963: 9954:(1): 172–179, 9941: 9939: 9936: 9935: 9924:(2016-11-30). 9922:Pin, Jean-Γ‰ric 9918: 9916: 9913: 9912: 9906: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9887: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9862: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9838: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9814: 9795: 9793: 9792:    9789: 9788: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9764: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9740: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9721: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9701: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9661: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9641: 9630: 9628: 9624: 9623: 9605: 9603: 9599: 9598: 9576:A. H. Clifford 9573: 9571: 9565: 9562: 9559: 9558: 9552: 9551: 9550: 9545: 9544: 9543: 9530: 9526: 9522: 9517: 9513: 9509: 9504: 9500: 9486: 9472: 9467: 9462: 9456: 9444: 9443: 9437: 9436: 9435: 9430: 9429: 9428: 9417: 9414: 9411: 9398: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9362: 9361: 9355: 9354: 9353: 9348: 9347: 9346: 9335: 9332: 9329: 9316: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9280: 9279: 9273: 9272: 9271: 9266: 9265: 9264: 9253: 9250: 9245: 9241: 9227: 9214: 9209: 9196: 9195: 9189: 9188: 9187: 9182: 9181: 9180: 9167: 9163: 9159: 9156: 9143: 9130: 9125: 9112: 9111: 9105: 9104: 9103: 9098: 9097: 9096: 9083: 9077: 9076: 9073: 9070: 9067: 9058: 9057: 9050: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9041: 9036: 9035: 9034: 9020: 9016: 9012: 9007: 9003: 8997: 8993: 8989: 8984: 8980: 8976: 8965: 8956:Equivalently, 8954: 8946: 8933: 8928: 8916: 8915: 8909: 8908: 8907: 8902: 8901: 8900: 8886: 8882: 8878: 8873: 8869: 8865: 8860: 8856: 8844: 8830: 8826: 8822: 8817: 8813: 8809: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8791: 8787: 8783: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8765: 8761: 8749: 8735: 8731: 8727: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8677: 8668:Equivalently, 8666: 8657:Equivalently, 8655: 8643: 8630: 8625: 8613: 8612: 8606: 8605: 8604: 8599: 8598: 8597: 8583: 8579: 8575: 8570: 8566: 8562: 8551: 8537: 8533: 8529: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8511: 8507: 8503: 8498: 8494: 8490: 8479: 8464: 8460: 8456: 8451: 8435: 8426:Equivalently, 8424: 8408: 8395: 8373: 8370: 8358: 8357: 8351: 8350: 8349: 8344: 8343: 8342: 8328: 8324: 8320: 8317: 8312: 8308: 8296: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8258: 8253: 8249: 8245: 8240: 8236: 8224: 8209: 8205: 8201: 8196: 8180: 8171:Equivalently, 8169: 8153: 8140: 8118: 8114: 8103: 8102: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8089: 8088: 8087: 8070: 8065:Equivalently, 8063: 8047: 8042:Equivalently, 8040: 8027: 8023: 8019: 8014: 8010: 8006: 7995: 7988: 7985: 7980: 7963: 7958: 7946: 7945: 7939: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7931: 7930: 7919: 7916: 7913: 7891: 7886: 7882: 7870: 7852: 7843: 7828: 7812: 7807:Equivalently, 7805: 7802: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7775: 7771: 7765: 7761: 7755: 7751: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7724: 7723:are semigroup 7707: 7702: 7690: 7689: 7683: 7682: 7681: 7676: 7675: 7674: 7663: 7651: 7632: 7628: 7615: 7614: 7608: 7607: 7606: 7601: 7600: 7599: 7588: 7576: 7557: 7553: 7540: 7539: 7533: 7532: 7531: 7526: 7525: 7524: 7513: 7500: 7483: 7471: 7470: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7405: 7402: 7391: 7379: 7362: 7350: 7349: 7343: 7342: 7341: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7309: 7306: 7303: 7300: 7295: 7291: 7287: 7284: 7281: 7270: 7258: 7241: 7229: 7228: 7222: 7220: 7219: 7218: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7194: 7193:Not applicable 7189: 7188: 7187: 7182: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7172: 7171: 7168: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7144:(depending on 7138: 7117: 7111: 7110: 7104: 7102: 7101: 7100: 7095: 7089: 7088: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7078: 7041: 7032: 7031: 7025: 7023: 7022: 7021: 6996: 6987: 6986: 6980: 6978: 6977: 6976: 6975:) is infinite. 6951: 6947: 6946: 6941: 6939: 6938: 6937: 6900: 6899:(*-semigroup) 6892: 6891: 6886: 6884: 6883: 6882: 6872: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6846: 6844: 6843: 6842: 6826: 6821: 6811: 6810: 6804: 6802: 6801: 6800: 6773: 6766: 6765: 6759: 6757: 6756: 6755: 6724: 6681: 6667: 6655: 6647: 6646: 6640: 6638: 6637: 6636: 6632: 6625: 6618: 6611: 6604: 6597: 6590: 6583: 6569: 6564: 6559:Free semigroup 6555: 6554: 6548: 6546: 6545: 6544: 6529: 6486: 6471: 6445: 6437: 6431: 6430: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6420: 6404: 6399: 6390: 6389: 6383: 6381: 6380: 6379: 6358: 6354: 6353: 6348: 6347: 6346: 6343: 6338: 6337: 6336: 6326: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6301: 6299: 6298: 6297: 6273: 6266: 6257: 6256: 6255:p. 43–46 6250: 6248: 6247: 6246: 6234: 6231: 6228: 6225: 6222: 6219: 6216: 6213: 6210: 6207: 6190: 6185: 6179: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6170: 6167: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6143: 6139: 6138: 6132: 6131: 6130: 6127: 6122: 6121: 6120: 6093: 6081: 6080: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6070: 6047: 6041: 6033: 6029: 6028: 6022: 6020: 6019: 6018: 6005:is such that 5995: 5989: 5981: 5977: 5976: 5970: 5968: 5967: 5966: 5935: 5929: 5921: 5917: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5908: 5902: 5894: 5893: 5892: 5887: 5886: 5885: 5871: 5867: 5863: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5821: 5818: 5815: 5810: 5806: 5794: 5753: 5747: 5734: 5731: 5719: 5718: 5717:p. 71–75 5712: 5710: 5709: 5708: 5686: 5647: 5643: 5642: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5632: 5623: 5616: 5607: 5606: 5600: 5598: 5597: 5596: 5557: 5518: 5512: 5504: 5500: 5499: 5493: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5454: 5417: 5413: 5412: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5402: 5388: 5380: 5376: 5375: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5356: 5349: 5339: 5338: 5332: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5293: 5289: 5288: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5278: 5248: 5244: 5243: 5237: 5235: 5234: 5233: 5206: 5202: 5201: 5195: 5193: 5192: 5191: 5183: 5170: 5153: 5146: 5138: 5125: 5108: 5101: 5093: 5089: 5088: 5082: 5080: 5079: 5078: 5070: 5057: 5040: 5033: 5025: 5021: 5020: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5010: 5002: 4989: 4972: 4965: 4957: 4953: 4952: 4946: 4944: 4943: 4942: 4933: 4920: 4907: 4896: 4887: 4874: 4861: 4848: 4844: 4843: 4837: 4835: 4834: 4833: 4824: 4811: 4798: 4785: 4781: 4780: 4774: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4761: 4748: 4735: 4722: 4718: 4717: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4707: 4670: 4666: 4665: 4659: 4657: 4656: 4655: 4646: 4636: 4635: 4629: 4627: 4626: 4625: 4586: 4575: 4565: 4543: 4532: 4528: 4527: 4521: 4519: 4518: 4517: 4508: 4501: 4497: 4496: 4490: 4488: 4487: 4486: 4477: 4470: 4466: 4465: 4459: 4457: 4456: 4455: 4445: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4422: 4420: 4419: 4418: 4408: 4401: 4392: 4391: 4385: 4383: 4382: 4381: 4375: 4366: 4357: 4338: 4327: 4320: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4311: 4308: 4303: 4302: 4301: 4292: 4288: 4287: 4281: 4279: 4278: 4277: 4265: 4261: 4260: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4250: 4237: 4233: 4232: 4226: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4194: 4190: 4189: 4183: 4181: 4180: 4179: 4162: 4137: 4130: 4129: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4119: 4110: 4101: 4087: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4070: 4069: 4063: 4055: 4054: 4053: 4048: 4047: 4046: 4034: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3976: 3962: 3954: 3947: 3946: 3940: 3938: 3937: 3936: 3929: 3915: 3904: 3900: 3899: 3894: 3892: 3891: 3890: 3881: 3875: 3868: 3864: 3863: 3858: 3856: 3855: 3854: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3829: 3828: 3827: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3803: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3791: 3782: 3778: 3777: 3776: 3775: 3769: 3761: 3759: 3758: 3757: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3732: 3727: 3723: 3707: 3702:(depending on 3694: 3687: 3686: 3680: 3678: 3677: 3676: 3664: 3660: 3659: 3653: 3651: 3650: 3649: 3637: 3633: 3632: 3626: 3624: 3623: 3622: 3612: 3600: 3596: 3595: 3589: 3587: 3586: 3585: 3562: 3558: 3557: 3551: 3549: 3548: 3547: 3524: 3499: 3495: 3494: 3488: 3486: 3485: 3484: 3459: 3455: 3454: 3448: 3446: 3445: 3444: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3408: 3407: 3406: 3403: 3398: 3397: 3396: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3377: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3369: 3368: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3350: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3343: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3326: 3325: 3324: 3321: 3316: 3315: 3314: 3305: 3293: 3287: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3278: 3275: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3244: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3237: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3216: 3215: 3214: 3211: 3206: 3205: 3204: 3195: 3183: 3181:Left zero band 3177: 3176: 3170: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3160: 3159: 3158: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3132: 3129: 3124: 3123: 3122: 3112: 3106: 3098: 3095:Zero semigroup 3090:Null semigroup 3086: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3077: 3076: 3043: 3034: 3028: 3027: 3022: 3020: 3019: 3018: 2985: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2900: 2890: 2881: 2877: 2876: 2870: 2868: 2867: 2866: 2837: 2830: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2820: 2819: 2813: 2796: 2790: 2789: 2783: 2781: 2780: 2779: 2769: 2762: 2752: 2751: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2741: 2731: 2724: 2714: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2660: 2658: 2657: 2656: 2646: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2617: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2588: 2567: 2563: 2562: 2557: 2555: 2554: 2553: 2532: 2528: 2527: 2521: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2464: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2444:(depending on 2436: 2424: 2423: 2409: 2407: 2406: 2405: 2389:(depending on 2377: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2339: 2328: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2313: 2312: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2264: 2259: 2252: 2251: 2245: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2235: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2216: 2215: 2214: 2211: 2206: 2205: 2204: 2192: 2186: 2185: 2179: 2177: 2176: 2175: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2140: 2135: 2134: 2133: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2108: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2087: 2083: 2082: 2076: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2048: 2044: 2043: 2038: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2014: 2008: 2007: 2001: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1980: 1974: 1973: 1967: 1965: 1964: 1963: 1946: 1935: 1934: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1915: 1903: 1897: 1896: 1890: 1888: 1887: 1886: 1875: 1869: 1868: 1862: 1860: 1859: 1858: 1847: 1841: 1840: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1830: 1818: 1810: 1809: 1803: 1801: 1800: 1799: 1765: 1753: 1752: 1746: 1745: 1744: 1741: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1715: 1708: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1699: 1696: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1674: 1662: 1661: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1640: 1636: 1635: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1588: 1584: 1583: 1577: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1551: 1549: 1548: 1547: 1531: 1527: 1526: 1525:p. 69–71 1520: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1503: 1496: 1495: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1477: 1470: 1469: 1468:p. 69–71 1463: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1446: 1439: 1438: 1432: 1430: 1429: 1428: 1420: 1413: 1412: 1411:p. 69–71 1406: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1389: 1382: 1381: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1371: 1346: 1342: 1341: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1312: 1290: 1286: 1285: 1279: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1243: 1241: 1240: 1239: 1218: 1214: 1213: 1207: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1171: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1148: 1137: 1130: 1129: 1123: 1122: 1121: 1118: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1100: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1072: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1056: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1027: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1008: 1002: 1001: 995: 994: 993: 990: 985: 984: 983: 972: 964: 963: 957: 954: 953: 952: 944: 938: 937: 935: 934: 933: 930: 925: 924: 923: 914: 908: 907: 905: 902: 901: 900: 889: 873: 867: 866: 864: 863: 862: 859: 854: 853: 852: 840: 833: 832: 829: 826: 823: 802: 799: 798: 797: 760: 759: 748: 736: 732: 728: 716: 715: 704: 691: 687: 675: 674: 668: 663: 654: 645: 636: 627: 621: 620: 615: 593: 592: 533: 525: 512: 499: 486: 479: 478: 461: 455: 454: 448: 444: 443: 437: 433: 432: 426: 416: 415: 412: 402: 401: 398: 384: 383: 377: 371: 370: 364: 350: 349: 343: 329: 328: 322: 308: 307: 306:Arbitrary set 304: 298: 297: 288: 282: 281: 275: 269: 268: 262: 256: 255: 249: 243: 242: 239: 233: 232: 229: 216: 213: 200:classification 177:underlying set 149:underlying set 84: 83: 39: 37: 30: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9995: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9975: 9973: 9961: 9957: 9953: 9949: 9948: 9942: 9940: 9938: 9929: 9928: 9923: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9909: 9903: 9899: 9894: 9892: 9890: 9885: 9881: 9877: 9873: 9869: 9867: 9865: 9861: 9857: 9853: 9849: 9845: 9843: 9841: 9836: 9832: 9828: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9817: 9812: 9811:981-279-000-4 9808: 9804: 9800: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9787: 9783: 9779: 9775: 9771: 9769: 9767: 9763: 9759: 9755: 9751: 9747: 9745: 9743: 9739: 9735: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9724: 9719: 9716: 9712: 9708: 9706: 9704: 9700: 9696: 9692: 9688: 9684: 9682: 9680: 9675: 9672: 9668: 9666: 9664: 9659: 9656: 9652: 9648: 9646: 9644: 9639: 9635: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9622: 9621:0-8218-0272-0 9618: 9614: 9610: 9606: 9604: 9601: 9597: 9593: 9589: 9585: 9581: 9580:G. B. Preston 9577: 9574: 9572: 9570: 9563: 9557:pp. 157, 158 9556: 9553: 9548: 9547: 9546: 9528: 9524: 9520: 9515: 9511: 9507: 9502: 9498: 9489: 9488: 9487: 9470: 9465: 9446: 9445: 9442:pp. 157, 158 9441: 9438: 9433: 9432: 9431: 9415: 9412: 9409: 9401: 9400: 9399: 9383: 9378: 9364: 9363: 9360:pp. 157, 158 9359: 9356: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9333: 9330: 9327: 9319: 9318: 9317: 9301: 9296: 9282: 9281: 9278:pp. 157, 158 9277: 9274: 9269: 9268: 9267: 9251: 9248: 9243: 9239: 9230: 9229: 9228: 9212: 9198: 9197: 9194:pp. 157, 158 9193: 9190: 9185: 9184: 9183: 9165: 9161: 9157: 9154: 9146: 9145: 9144: 9128: 9114: 9113: 9109: 9106: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9094: 9090: 9086: 9085: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9078: 9075:Reference(s) 9074: 9071: 9065: 9064: 9056: 9055: 9048:pp. 151, 158 9047: 9044: 9039: 9038: 9037: 9018: 9014: 9010: 9005: 8995: 8991: 8987: 8982: 8978: 8966: 8963: 8959: 8955: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8947: 8918: 8917: 8914:pp. 150, 158 8913: 8910: 8905: 8904: 8903: 8884: 8880: 8876: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8858: 8854: 8845: 8828: 8824: 8820: 8815: 8811: 8807: 8802: 8798: 8794: 8789: 8785: 8781: 8776: 8772: 8768: 8763: 8759: 8750: 8733: 8729: 8725: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8707: 8703: 8699: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8678: 8675: 8671: 8667: 8664: 8660: 8656: 8653: 8649: 8646: 8645: 8644: 8615: 8614: 8611:pp. 149, 158 8610: 8607: 8602: 8601: 8600: 8581: 8577: 8573: 8568: 8564: 8560: 8552: 8535: 8531: 8527: 8522: 8518: 8514: 8509: 8505: 8501: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8480: 8458: 8449: 8440: 8436: 8433: 8429: 8425: 8422: 8418: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8409: 8360: 8359: 8356:pp. 149, 158 8355: 8352: 8347: 8346: 8345: 8326: 8322: 8318: 8315: 8310: 8306: 8297: 8280: 8276: 8272: 8267: 8263: 8259: 8256: 8251: 8247: 8243: 8238: 8234: 8225: 8203: 8194: 8185: 8181: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8163: 8159: 8156: 8155: 8154: 8112: 8105: 8104: 8100: 8097: 8092: 8091: 8090: 8085: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8068: 8064: 8062: 8058: 8054: 8050: 8045: 8041: 8025: 8021: 8017: 8012: 8008: 8004: 7996: 7993: 7989: 7986: 7983: 7982: 7981: 7978: 7948: 7947: 7943: 7940: 7935: 7934: 7933: 7917: 7914: 7911: 7889: 7884: 7880: 7871: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7850: 7846: 7841: 7837: 7834:, the set of 7833: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7819: 7815: 7810: 7806: 7803: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7773: 7763: 7759: 7753: 7749: 7743: 7739: 7727: 7726: 7725: 7722: 7692: 7691: 7687: 7684: 7679: 7678: 7677: 7672: 7668: 7664: 7661: 7657: 7654: 7653: 7652: 7649: 7617: 7616: 7612: 7609: 7604: 7603: 7602: 7597: 7593: 7589: 7586: 7582: 7579: 7578: 7577: 7574: 7542: 7541: 7537: 7534: 7529: 7528: 7527: 7522: 7519:-trivial and 7518: 7514: 7511: 7507: 7503: 7502: 7501: 7498: 7473: 7472: 7468: 7465: 7460: 7459: 7458: 7439: 7431: 7428: 7422: 7417: 7409: 7406: 7400: 7392: 7389: 7385: 7382: 7381: 7380: 7377: 7352: 7351: 7347: 7344: 7339: 7338: 7337: 7318: 7310: 7307: 7301: 7298: 7293: 7285: 7282: 7271: 7268: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7259: 7256: 7231: 7230: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7216: 7212: 7211: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7200: 7197: 7192: 7191: 7190: 7185: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7177: 7174: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7164: 7159: 7155: 7151: 7147: 7143: 7140:There exists 7139: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7121:There exists 7120: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7098: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7034: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7019: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6998: 6997: 6995: 6993: 6989: 6988: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6962: 6958: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6902: 6901: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6880: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6828: 6827: 6824: 6820: 6817: 6814:Semigroup of 6813: 6812: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6798: 6794: 6791: 6787: 6784: 6780: 6777:Semigroup of 6776: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6769:Semigroup of 6768: 6767: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6741: 6737: 6733: 6729: 6725: 6722: 6718: 6714: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6679: 6675: 6672: : Ξ› Γ— 6671: 6668: 6665: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6656: 6653: 6649: 6648: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6631: 6624: 6617: 6610: 6603: 6596: 6589: 6582: 6576: 6572: 6571: 6570: 6567: 6563: 6560: 6557: 6556: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6530: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6484: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6444: 6440: 6439: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6432: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6418: 6414: 6411: 6407: 6406: 6405: 6402: 6398: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6360: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6352: 6349: 6344: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6335: 6331: 6328:Equivalently 6327: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6316: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6309: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6276: 6275: 6274: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6220: 6217: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6198: 6194: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6173: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6163: 6158: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6145: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6128: 6125: 6124: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6094: 6091: 6086: 6083: 6082: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6057:is such that 6056: 6052: 6048: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6036: 6035: 6034: 6031: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6016: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6000: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5984: 5983: 5982: 5979: 5978: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5945:is such that 5944: 5940: 5936: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5924: 5923: 5922: 5919: 5918: 5912: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5900: 5897: 5896: 5895: 5890: 5889: 5888: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5856: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5819: 5816: 5813: 5808: 5804: 5795: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5750: 5749: 5748: 5721: 5720: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5649: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5631: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5594: 5590: 5587:β‰  0 we have 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5535: 5531: 5528:is such that 5527: 5523: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5507: 5506: 5505: 5502: 5501: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5459: 5456:There exists 5455: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5419: 5418: 5415: 5414: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5400: 5396: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5359: 5355: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5306: 5303: 5299: 5296: 5295: 5294: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5276: 5272: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5258: 5254: 5251: 5250: 5249: 5246: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5209: 5208: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5181: 5177: 5173: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5141: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5038: 5034: 5032: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4970: 4966: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4940: 4936: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4894: 4890: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4831: 4827: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4788: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4768: 4764: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4724: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4653: 4649: 4648: 4647: 4644: 4638: 4637: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4616:implies that 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4498: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4485: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4444: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4403: 4402: 4397: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4361: 4358: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4340:There exists 4339: 4337: 4333: 4330: 4329: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4314: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4299: 4295: 4294: 4293: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4266: 4263: 4262: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4197: 4196: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4139: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4077: 4074: 4073: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4056: 4051: 4050: 4049: 4032: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3956: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3934: 3930: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3902: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3871: 3870: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3845: 3844: 3839: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3817: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3763: 3762: 3760: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3730: 3725: 3721: 3712: 3708: 3705: 3701: 3698:There exists 3697: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3688: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3666: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3639: 3638: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3620: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3606: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3597: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3565: 3564: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3501: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3461: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3421: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3412: 3409: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3399: 3395:is singleton. 3394: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3281: 3276: 3273: 3272: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3252: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3238: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3222: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3212: 3209: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3171: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3150: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3135: 3130: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3114:Equivalently 3113: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3037: 3036: 3035: 3031:Lpp-semigroup 3030: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2979: 2978: 2977: 2973:Rpp-semigroup 2972: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2883: 2882: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2800:There exists 2799: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2763: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2680: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2633:There exists 2632: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2571:There exists 2570: 2569: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2536:There exists 2535: 2534: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2486: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2477: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2452:belongs to a 2451: 2447: 2443: 2440:There exists 2439: 2438: 2437: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2381:There exists 2380: 2379: 2378: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2357: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2343:There exists 2342: 2341: 2340: 2337: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2260: 2258: 2254: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2230: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2187: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2162: 2159:There exists 2158: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2091:There exists 2090: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2050: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1984:There exists 1983: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1950:There exists 1949: 1948: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1766: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1702: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1150:There exists 1149: 1147: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1131: 1127: 1124: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1003: 999: 996: 991: 988: 987: 986: 982: 978: 975: 974: 973: 969: 966: 965: 961: 958: 955: 951: 947: 946: 945: 943: 940: 939: 936: 931: 928: 927: 926: 921: 917: 916: 915: 913: 910: 909: 906: 903: 879: 876: 875: 874: 872: 869: 868: 865: 860: 857: 856: 855: 850: 846: 843: 842: 841: 838: 835: 834: 831:Reference(s) 830: 827: 821: 820: 814: 812: 808: 800: 795: 791: 787: 783: 779: 776:There exists 775: 774: 773: 771: 767: 757: 753: 749: 730: 718: 717: 713: 709: 705: 689: 685: 677: 676: 673: 669: 666: 662: 657: 653: 648: 644: 639: 635: 630: 626: 623: 622: 619: 616: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 595: 594: 591: 588: 584: 581: 577: 573: 569: 566: 562: 559: 555: 551: 547: 544: 540: 537: 534: 532: 528: 523: 519: 515: 510: 506: 502: 497: 493: 489: 484: 481: 480: 477: 473: 469: 465: 462: 460: 457: 456: 453: 449: 446: 445: 442: 438: 435: 434: 431: 427: 425: 421: 418: 417: 413: 411: 407: 404: 403: 399: 397: 393: 389: 386: 385: 382: 378: 376: 373: 372: 369: 365: 363: 359: 355: 352: 351: 348: 344: 342: 338: 334: 331: 330: 327: 323: 321: 317: 313: 310: 309: 305: 303: 300: 299: 296: 292: 289: 287: 284: 283: 280: 276: 274: 271: 270: 267: 263: 261: 258: 257: 254: 250: 248: 245: 244: 240: 238: 235: 234: 230: 227: 226: 220: 214: 212: 208: 206: 201: 196: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 169: 166: 161: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 103: 99: 95: 91: 80: 77: 69: 59: 54: 50: 46: 45: 38: 29: 28: 19: 9951: 9945: 9926: 9897: 9875: 9871: 9847: 9822: 9798: 9773: 9749: 9733: 9717: 9714: 9710: 9686: 9673: 9670: 9654: 9650: 9649:M. Delgado, 9637: 9633: 9608: 9583: 9092: 9088: 9066:Terminology 8961: 8957: 8950: 8673: 8669: 8662: 8661:is equal to 8658: 8651: 8647: 8438: 8431: 8427: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8183: 8176: 8172: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8101:p. 156, 158 8083: 8079: 8075: 8071: 8066: 8060: 8056: 8052: 8048: 8043: 7994:is aperiodic 7991: 7976: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7855: 7848: 7844: 7839: 7835: 7831: 7825: 7821: 7817: 7813: 7808: 7720: 7670: 7666: 7659: 7655: 7647: 7595: 7591: 7584: 7580: 7572: 7520: 7516: 7509: 7505: 7496: 7387: 7383: 7375: 7266: 7262: 7254: 7167:Not infinite 7157: 7153: 7149: 7148:) such that 7145: 7141: 7134: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7074: 7070: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7057:such that ( 7054: 7050: 7046: 7036: 7017: 7013: 7012:such that ( 7009: 7005: 7001: 6991: 6972: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6933: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6917: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6864: 6835: 6822: 6818: 6792: 6785: 6783:vector space 6751: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6720: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6663: 6659: 6629: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6601: 6594: 6587: 6580: 6574: 6565: 6561: 6553:p. 101 6540: 6536: 6532: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6505: 6504:, such that 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6442: 6416: 6400: 6396: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6333: 6329: 6323: 6319: 6285: 6267: 6263: 6197:presentation 6192: 6166:Not infinite 6156: 6152: 6148: 6126:Not infinite 6117: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6066: 6062: 6058: 6054: 6050: 6043: 6038: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5991: 5986: 5962: 5958: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5938: 5931: 5926: 5913:pp. 151, 158 5790: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5751: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5629: 5624: 5620: 5610: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5514: 5509: 5485: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5385: 5362: 5357: 5353: 5345: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5304: 5301: 5297: 5274: 5270: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5256: 5252: 5229: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5200:p. 178 5188: 5184: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5149: 5143: 5139: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5104: 5098: 5087:p. 178 5075: 5071: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5041: 5036: 5030: 5019:p. 178 5007: 5003: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4968: 4962: 4951:p. 170 4938: 4934: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4903: 4899: 4892: 4888: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4857: 4853: 4842:p. 170 4829: 4825: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4794: 4790: 4779:p. 170 4766: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4651: 4634:p. 134 4621: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4582: 4578: 4571: 4570:is ideal of 4567: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4536: 4514: 4509: 4505: 4483: 4478: 4474: 4464:p. 362 4451: 4446: 4442: 4432: 4427:p. 362 4414: 4409: 4405: 4395: 4390:p. 100 4377: 4372: 4368: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4335: 4331: 4323: 4318:p. 161 4307:Not infinite 4297: 4286:p. 328 4273: 4269: 4246: 4242: 4241:Equality on 4231:p. 134 4218: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4203:presentation 4198: 4188:p. 245 4176: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4133: 4128:p. 111 4116: 4112: 4107: 4103: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4084: 4080: 3983: 3979: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3959: 3951:Nilsemigroup 3945:p. 110 3932: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3912: 3908: 3887: 3883: 3876: 3872: 3851: 3847: 3824: 3820: 3796: 3792: 3787: 3781:Ο‰-semigroup 3710: 3703: 3699: 3672: 3668: 3645: 3641: 3618: 3614: 3608: 3604: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3392: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3265: 3261: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3188: 3155: 3151: 3119: 3115: 3108: 3103: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3044: 3039: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2885:The classes 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2841:There exist 2833: 2828:p. 352 2815: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2788:p. 382 2775: 2770: 2766: 2761:-unipotent) 2758: 2750:p. 382 2737: 2732: 2728: 2723:-unipotent) 2720: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2670:p. 226 2652: 2648: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2457: 2449: 2448:) such that 2445: 2441: 2435:for a list) 2401: 2397: 2394: 2393:) such that 2390: 2386: 2382: 2355: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2335: 2331: 2240:is a group. 2236: 2232: 2201: 2197: 2184:p. 121 2171: 2167: 2164: 2160: 2130: 2126: 2113:p. 121 2100: 2096: 2092: 2081:p. 121 2068: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2052:There exist 2023: 2019: 2012:Regular band 1993: 1989: 1985: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1942: 1921: 1917: 1912: 1908: 1883: 1879: 1855: 1851: 1839:p. 215 1827: 1823: 1808:p. 199 1796: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1761: 1757: 1751:p. 183 1731: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1706:p. 183 1686: 1683: 1679: 1670: 1666: 1660:p. 119 1648: 1644: 1634:p. 175 1622: 1618: 1608:p. 137 1596: 1592: 1582:p. 137 1570: 1566: 1556:p. 109 1543: 1539: 1535: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1499: 1481: 1473: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1442: 1424: 1416: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1385: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1314:There exist 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1295:There exist 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1258:There exist 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1222:There exist 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1176:p. 131 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1145: 1141: 1108: 1104: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1049: 1017: 1013: 980: 976: 949: 919: 877: 858:Not infinite 844: 822:Terminology 804: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 769: 765: 763: 755: 751: 707: 671: 664: 660: 655: 651: 646: 642: 637: 633: 628: 624: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 589: 586: 582: 579: 575: 571: 567: 564: 560: 557: 553: 549: 545: 542: 538: 535: 530: 526: 521: 517: 513: 508: 504: 500: 495: 491: 487: 482: 475: 471: 467: 463: 458: 451: 440: 429: 423: 419: 409: 405: 395: 391: 387: 380: 374: 367: 361: 357: 353: 346: 340: 336: 332: 325: 319: 315: 311: 301: 294: 293:elements of 285: 278: 272: 265: 259: 252: 246: 236: 218: 209: 197: 162: 140: 136: 132: 128: 108: 98:nonempty set 87: 72: 66:October 2012 63: 56:Please help 52: 41: 9730:J. M. Howie 8953:is a group, 6840:composition 6830:Set of all 6750:, Ξ› ; 6645:p. 18 6429:p. 29 6388:p. 97 6195:admits the 6177:p. 20 6137:p. 19 6079:p. 67 6027:p. 67 5975:p. 67 5777:such that 5641:p. 49 5605:p. 76 5498:p. 76 5437:such that 5411:p. 76 5393:- {0} is a 5374:p. 49 5337:p. 35 5287:p. 35 5242:p. 35 4716:p. 11 4526:p. 57 4495:p. 57 4326:-semigroup 4259:p. 88 4221:are finite. 4213:) in which 3880:is a group. 3867:Orthogroup 3685:p. 34 3658:p. 34 3631:p. 34 3413:p. 21 3336:Right group 2875:p. 98 2712:p. 28 2526:p. 26 2473:p. 110 2422:p. 49 2347:such that 2326:p. 65 2250:p. 75 2006:p. 26 1972:p. 98 1815:exponential 1760:semigroup ( 1712:Exponential 1669:semigroup ( 1542:) for some 1380:p. 77 1340:p. 59 1322:such that ( 1303:such that ( 1284:p. 59 1266:such that ( 1248:p. 59 1230:such that ( 1212:p. 26 1134:Archimedean 1097:Commutative 1042:Semilattice 758:is finite. 754:, assuming 153:cardinality 151:has finite 125:commutative 102:associative 90:mathematics 60:if you can. 9972:Categories 9687:Semigroups 9564:References 7862:such that 7838:such that 7039:-semigroup 6994:-semigroup 6983:C&P II 6963:such that 6916:such that 6707:, ΞΌ ) = ( 6691:Γ— Ξ› by ( 6654:semigroup 6410:one-to-one 6306:p. 2 6129:Not finite 5907:p. 16 5397:-class of 4664:p. 2 4348:such that 4300:is finite. 4145:such that 4062:p. 99 3768:p. 29 3556:p. 4 3493:p. 4 3453:p. 9 3285:p. 4 3230:Left group 3175:p. 4 3139:p. 4 3038:The class 2980:The class 2849:such that 2804:such that 2686:such that 2665:p. 57 2637:such that 2579:such that 2544:such that 2478:p. 4 2255:(inverse) 2163:such that 2095:such that 2060:such that 1988:such that 1954:such that 1933:p. 3 1895:p. 3 1867:p. 3 1817:semigroup 1714:semigroup 1158:such that 1128:p. 3 1099:semigroup 1084:p. 24 1000:p. 4 962:p. 3 849:finite set 839:semigroup 796:are equal. 223:Notations 185:structures 121:properties 117:semigroups 9691:CRC Press 9529:ω 9516:ω 9508:≤ 9503:ω 9413:≤ 9384:− 9331:≤ 9249:≤ 9244:ω 9213:− 9166:ω 9158:≤ 9019:ω 9006:ω 8996:ω 8983:ω 8885:ω 8872:ω 8859:ω 8821:… 8795:… 8769:… 8726:… 8700:… 8582:ω 8569:ω 8528:… 8502:… 8327:ω 8311:ω 8273:… 8244:… 8113:ℓ 8026:ω 8013:ω 7915:× 7787:ω 7774:ω 7764:ω 7754:ω 7744:ω 7523:-trivial. 7440:ω 7418:ω 7319:ω 7294:ω 7215:recognize 6881:is finite 6535:β‰  0 and 6351:Fennemore 6233:⟩ 6218:∣ 6206:⟨ 5901:p. 5 5870:ω 5857:ω 5809:ω 5273:for some 5228:for some 4369:xa = ya 4028:ω 4015:ω 4002:ω 3924:for some 3742:ω 3726:ω 3329:Fennemore 3221:Fennemore 2604:for some 2298:ω 2279:ω 2219:Fennemore 2148:Fennemore 2041:Fennemore 1088:Fennemore 1035:Fennemore 888:∅ 690:ω 228:Notation 215:Notations 165:algebraic 94:semigroup 9754:Springer 9732:(1995), 9676:, 23–38 9582:(1964). 9072:Variety 8078:implies 8055:implies 7866:but not 7820:implies 7093:Semiband 6734:, Ξ› )/( 6699:, Ξ» ) ( 6662:a group 6477:β‰  0 and 6342:Infinite 6282:mappings 5480:we have 4690:for all 4581:is 0 of 4577:Zero of 4360:ax = ay 3534:for all 3511:for all 3471:for all 3431:for all 3402:Infinite 3320:Infinite 3274:Infinite 3210:Infinite 3164:Infinite 3128:Infinite 3048:, where 2990:, where 2905:, where 2454:subgroup 2429:epigroup 2210:Infinite 2139:Infinite 2032:Infinite 1918:ba = ca 1909:ab = ac 1880:ab = ac 1852:ba = ca 1826:for all 1740:Infinite 1730:for all 1695:Infinite 1366:for all 1117:Infinite 1071:Infinite 1026:Infinite 989:Infinite 929:Infinite 231:Meaning 193:topology 42:require 9837:, 1986 9627:  9602:  7868:ef J e 7688:p. 158 7613:p. 158 7538:p. 158 7469:p. 158 7348:p. 158 7201:p. 130 6849:C&P 6807:C&P 6788:over a 6762:C&P 6628:, ..., 6614:, ..., 6600:, ..., 6586:, ..., 6551:C&P 6455:β‰  0 or 6427:C&P 6386:C&P 6304:C&P 6280:of all 6253:C&P 6175:C&P 6135:C&P 6077:C&P 6025:C&P 5973:C&P 5899:C&P 5715:C&P 5639:C&P 5603:C&P 5548:= 0 or 5496:C&P 5409:C&P 5372:C&P 4714:C&P 4662:C&P 3683:C&P 3656:C&P 3629:C&P 3592:C&P 3554:C&P 3491:C&P 3451:C&P 3411:C&P 3353:C&P 3283:C&P 3247:C&P 3173:C&P 3137:C&P 2873:C&P 2710:C&P 2524:C&P 2338:fixed) 2324:Petrich 2182:C&P 2111:C&P 2079:C&P 2004:C&P 1970:C&P 1931:C&P 1893:C&P 1865:C&P 1813:Weakly 1764:fixed) 1673:fixed) 1210:C&P 1174:C&P 1126:C&P 1082:C&P 998:C&P 807:variety 466:if 1 ∈ 291:Regular 175:of the 173:subsets 163:In the 44:cleanup 9904:  9882:  9809:  9784:  9760:  9697:  9651:et al. 9619:  9594:  9549:Finite 9434:Finite 9352:Finite 9270:Finite 9186:Finite 9110:p. 14 9102:Finite 9040:Finite 8906:Finite 8603:Finite 8348:Finite 8093:Finite 7936:Finite 7826:v L av 7822:v R va 7680:Finite 7605:Finite 7530:Finite 7495:: the 7461:Finite 7374:: the 7340:Finite 7253:: the 7227:p. 14 7170:Finite 7109:p.230 7087:p.102 7061:’)’ = 7030:p.102 7016:’)’ = 6838:under 6795:under 6723:, ΞΌ ). 6715:P( Ξ», 6680:a map. 6652:matrix 6607:) = ( 6345:Finite 6169:Finite 5891:Finite 4556:where 4310:Finite 4201:has a 4068:p. 148 4052:Finite 3774:p. 158 3405:Finite 3382:p. 87 3323:Finite 3277:Finite 3213:Finite 3167:Finite 3131:Finite 2318:Finite 2213:Finite 2142:Finite 2035:Finite 1743:Finite 1698:Finite 1120:Finite 1074:Finite 1029:Finite 992:Finite 942:Monoid 932:Finite 861:Finite 837:Finite 168:theory 145:finite 9931:(PDF) 9835:India 7864:e J f 7115:Group 7053:’ in 7008:’ in 6985:Ch.8 6928:)* = 6924:and ( 6920:** = 6912:* in 6851:p.13 6809:p.57 6790:field 6781:of a 6764:p.88 6650:Rees 6189:1 ∈ S 6065:then 6013:then 5961:then 5785:and 5544:then 5472:and 5445:and 4915:then 4869:then 4806:then 4743:then 4698:then 4373:x = y 4364:x = y 4100:where 3538:then 3515:then 3475:then 3435:then 2932:and 2591:e D f 2508:then 2020:abaca 1922:b = c 1913:b = c 1884:b = c 1856:b = c 1788:) = ( 1358:then 922:is 1. 847:is a 205:group 189:order 187:like 113:class 111:is a 96:is a 9902:ISBN 9880:ISBN 9807:ISBN 9782:ISBN 9758:ISBN 9695:ISBN 9617:ISBN 9592:ISBN 7858:and 7824:and 7107:Howi 7085:Howi 7065:and 7028:Howi 6959:of 6944:Howi 6889:Delg 6863:0 ∈ 6643:Gril 6593:) ( 6543:β‰  0. 6541:eSf 6441:0 ∈ 6100:= { 6069:= 0. 6037:0 ∈ 6017:= 0. 5985:0 ∈ 5965:= 0. 5953:and 5925:0 ∈ 5905:Higg 5832:and 5682:) βˆ’ 5674:) = 5659:) = 5651:Let 5583:and 5536:and 5508:0 ∈ 5384:0 ∈ 5335:Nagy 5285:Nagy 5240:Nagy 5198:Gril 5148:0 β‰  5103:0 β‰  5085:Gril 5035:0 β‰  5017:Gril 4967:0 β‰  4949:Gril 4840:Gril 4777:Gril 4682:and 4632:Gril 4600:and 4588:For 4524:Gril 4493:Gril 4462:Gril 4425:Gril 4388:Gril 4316:Gril 4284:Gril 4257:Gril 4229:Gril 4217:and 4186:Gril 4153:and 4126:Gril 4060:Gril 3982:and 3958:0 ∈ 3943:Gril 3897:Shum 3861:Shum 3834:Shum 3806:Gril 3380:Nagy 3102:0 ∈ 3083:Shum 3025:Shum 2967:Chen 2895:and 2859:byac 2857:and 2851:baxc 2845:and 2826:Gril 2786:Gril 2748:Gril 2694:and 2668:Howi 2663:Gril 2496:and 2476:Higg 2471:Gril 2467:Kela 2433:Kela 2420:Higg 2416:Shum 2412:Edwa 2385:and 2366:Hari 2248:Gril 2056:and 2024:abca 1837:Nagy 1806:Nagy 1777:) = 1749:Nagy 1723:) = 1704:Nagy 1682:) = 1658:Nagy 1649:xbay 1645:xaby 1632:Nagy 1606:Nagy 1580:Nagy 1554:Nagy 1523:Nagy 1492:Nagy 1466:Nagy 1435:Nagy 1409:Nagy 1378:Nagy 1338:Nagy 1326:) = 1318:and 1307:) = 1299:and 1282:Nagy 1270:) = 1262:and 1246:Nagy 1234:) = 1226:and 1154:and 1018:acba 1014:abca 968:Band 960:Gril 948:1 ∈ 792:and 784:and 570:and 181:sets 139:and 107:. A 92:, a 9956:doi 9856:doi 9805:, 9780:. 9693:. 9615:. 9590:. 9555:Pin 9440:Pin 9358:Pin 9276:Pin 9192:Pin 9108:Pin 9046:Pin 8951:eSe 8912:Pin 8670:eaf 8648:eSe 8609:Pin 8354:Pin 8099:Pin 8080:efe 8057:eae 7942:Pin 7686:Pin 7667:aba 7611:Pin 7592:aba 7536:Pin 7467:Pin 7346:Pin 7225:Pin 7199:Pin 6834:on 6488:If 6485:β‰  0 6483:abc 6415:of 6330:abc 6320:aba 6292:as 6284:of 6278:Set 6116:in 6108:, 6049:If 6046:β‰  0 5997:If 5994:β‰  0 5937:If 5934:β‰  0 5911:Pin 5793:.), 5575:, 5563:in 5520:If 5517:β‰  0 5460:in 5178:or 5133:or 5097:0∈ 5065:or 5029:0∈ 4997:or 4961:0∈ 4928:or 4898:If 4882:or 4852:If 4819:or 4789:If 4756:or 4726:If 4694:in 4674:If 4604:in 4596:in 4539:= 4380:= Ø 4352:= 4155:xax 4147:axa 4083:= 4066:Pin 3986:, 3772:Pin 3766:KKM 3675:β‰  Ø 3648:β‰  Ø 3621:β‰  Ø 3611:β‰  Ø 3526:If 3503:If 3463:If 3423:If 3111:= 0 3063:= 3059:if 3005:= 3001:if 2947:= 2943:if 2920:= 2916:if 2806:axa 2696:xax 2688:axa 2639:axa 2620:Tvm 2608:in 2581:aua 2575:in 2560:Tvm 2546:aua 2540:in 2488:If 2456:of 2198:aba 2127:aba 1990:axa 1822:WE- 1756:WE- 1623:bxa 1619:axb 1597:bax 1593:abx 1571:xba 1567:xab 1538:= ( 1364:bxa 1360:axb 1350:If 1162:= 1109:ba 1063:ba 1061:= 1059:ab 956:No 904:No 794:xba 790:xab 770:xba 766:xab 191:or 115:of 88:In 9974:: 9950:, 9886:. 9876:29 9850:, 9833:, 9829:, 9825:, 9776:. 9756:. 9752:. 9736:, 9718:10 9689:. 9674:28 9657:, 9653:, 9638:11 9578:, 9091:≀ 8674:ef 8672:= 8650:= 8419:= 8417:Se 8415:: 8164:= 8162:eS 8160:: 8082:= 8059:= 7671:ba 7669:= 7596:ab 7594:= 7156:= 7154:xa 7152:= 7150:ax 7133:= 7131:ha 7129:= 7127:ah 7073:= 7067:aa 7049:β†’ 7004:β†’ 6971:( 6967:βˆ’ 6936:*. 6926:ab 6908:β†’ 6877:- 6867:βŠ† 6754:). 6746:; 6742:( 6730:, 6726:( 6719:) 6711:, 6703:, 6695:, 6687:Γ— 6676:β†’ 6621:, 6579:( 6531:( 6524:= 6522:za 6520:, 6516:= 6514:ay 6512:, 6508:= 6506:xa 6500:, 6496:, 6479:bc 6475:ab 6473:( 6467:= 6461:cb 6459:= 6457:ca 6453:bc 6451:= 6449:ac 6447:( 6376:by 6374:, 6372:bx 6370:, 6368:ay 6366:, 6364:ax 6334:ac 6332:= 6322:= 6155:, 6151:, 6147:{ 6104:, 6092:) 6061:βŠ† 6059:AS 6053:βŠ† 6009:βŠ† 6007:SA 6001:βŠ† 5957:βŠ† 5955:SA 5949:βŠ† 5947:AS 5941:βŠ† 5789:βŠ† 5787:AS 5781:βŠ† 5779:SA 5773:β‰  5769:, 5765:βŠ† 5757:= 5699:)/ 5666:, 5664:aS 5628:= 5591:= 5579:= 5577:fh 5571:= 5569:hf 5552:= 5540:βŠ† 5538:SA 5532:βŠ† 5530:AS 5524:βŠ† 5484:= 5478:f 5476:= 5474:fh 5468:= 5466:hf 5449:βŠ† 5447:AS 5441:βŠ† 5439:SA 5433:β‰  5429:, 5425:βŠ† 5361:= 5314:∈ 5300:∈ 5266:∈ 5255:∈ 5221:∈ 5215:bS 5213:∈ 5161:, 5116:, 5048:, 4980:, 4902:, 4856:, 4793:, 4730:, 4702:= 4688:zy 4686:= 4684:zx 4680:yz 4678:= 4676:xz 4645:) 4620:= 4614:cy 4612:= 4610:cx 4608:, 4592:, 4552:βˆͺ 4548:= 4541:ba 4537:ab 4513:= 4482:= 4354:xb 4336:ba 4334:= 4332:ab 4209:; 4205:( 4175:∈ 4167:= 4165:ea 4157:= 4149:= 4096:βˆͺ 4085:ba 4081:ab 3913:ba 3911:= 3909:ab 3852:aS 3850:βŠ† 3848:Sa 3825:Sa 3823:βŠ† 3821:aS 3713:, 3673:bS 3671:∩ 3669:aS 3646:Sb 3644:∩ 3642:Sa 3619:bS 3617:∩ 3615:aS 3609:Sb 3607:∩ 3605:Sa 3581:= 3573:= 3569:= 3567:ab 3542:= 3532:bx 3530:= 3528:ax 3519:= 3509:xb 3507:= 3505:xa 3479:= 3469:bx 3467:= 3465:ax 3439:= 3429:xb 3427:= 3425:xa 3310:= 3308:aa 3301:= 3299:ab 3264:= 3262:ab 3200:= 3198:aa 3191:= 3189:ab 3154:= 3152:ab 3120:cd 3118:= 3116:ab 3109:ab 3097:) 3073:db 3071:= 3069:cb 3067:⇔ 3065:da 3061:ca 3055:* 3015:bd 3013:= 3011:bc 3009:⇔ 3007:ad 3003:ac 2997:* 2957:db 2955:= 2953:cb 2951:⇔ 2949:da 2945:ca 2939:* 2930:bd 2928:= 2926:bc 2924:⇔ 2922:ad 2918:ac 2912:* 2863:bc 2861:= 2855:bc 2853:= 2808:= 2698:= 2690:= 2641:= 2602:ev 2597:= 2593:β‡’ 2583:= 2548:= 2512:= 2506:fe 2504:= 2502:ef 2500:= 2492:β‰  2400:= 2398:xa 2354:= 2352:xa 2202:ba 2200:= 2170:= 2131:ab 2129:= 2099:= 2097:xa 2067:= 2062:xa 2022:= 1958:∈ 1956:ax 1790:ab 1786:ab 1775:ab 1721:ab 1680:ab 1665:E- 1647:= 1621:= 1595:= 1569:= 1540:ba 1536:ab 1514:ba 1508:ab 1474:LC 1457:ba 1451:ab 1417:RC 1400:ba 1394:ab 1362:= 1356:ba 1354:= 1352:ab 1328:ya 1324:ab 1309:bx 1305:ab 1272:xa 1268:ab 1236:bx 1232:ab 1199:= 1193:ba 1191:= 1189:ab 1164:xb 1146:ba 1144:= 1142:ab 1107:= 1105:ab 1052:= 1016:= 979:= 880:= 768:= 659:, 650:, 641:, 632:, 611:, 607:, 603:, 599:, 590:bS 585:βŠ† 583:aS 576:bS 574:βŠ† 572:aS 563:βŠ† 554:bS 552:βŠ† 550:aS 541:βŠ† 470:; 447:1 436:0 422:, 408:, 394:, 390:, 360:, 356:, 339:, 335:, 318:, 314:, 207:. 195:. 133:ba 131:= 129:ab 9958:: 9952:1 9933:. 9910:. 9858:: 9711:k 9636:( 9525:a 9521:b 9512:a 9499:a 9471:+ 9466:1 9461:J 9455:L 9416:1 9410:a 9379:1 9374:J 9334:a 9328:1 9302:+ 9297:1 9292:J 9252:a 9240:b 9208:N 9162:b 9155:a 9129:+ 9124:N 9093:b 9089:a 9033:. 9015:a 9011:= 9002:) 8992:a 8988:b 8979:a 8975:( 8964:, 8962:I 8960:βŠ† 8958:E 8932:G 8927:L 8899:. 8881:a 8877:= 8868:a 8864:b 8855:a 8843:, 8829:n 8825:a 8816:1 8812:a 8808:= 8803:n 8799:a 8790:1 8786:a 8782:y 8777:n 8773:a 8764:1 8760:a 8748:, 8734:n 8730:a 8721:1 8717:a 8713:= 8708:n 8704:a 8695:1 8691:a 8687:y 8676:, 8665:, 8663:E 8659:I 8654:, 8652:e 8629:1 8624:L 8596:. 8578:a 8574:= 8565:a 8561:b 8550:, 8536:n 8532:a 8523:1 8519:a 8515:= 8510:n 8506:a 8497:1 8493:a 8489:b 8478:, 8463:| 8459:S 8455:| 8450:S 8439:I 8434:, 8432:E 8428:I 8423:, 8421:e 8413:e 8394:D 8385:/ 8372:1 8369:r 8341:. 8323:a 8319:= 8316:b 8307:a 8295:, 8281:n 8277:a 8268:1 8264:a 8260:= 8257:y 8252:n 8248:a 8239:1 8235:a 8223:, 8208:| 8204:S 8200:| 8195:S 8184:I 8179:, 8177:E 8173:I 8168:, 8166:e 8158:e 8139:K 8130:/ 8117:1 8086:. 8084:e 8076:f 8072:J 8069:≀ 8067:e 8061:e 8053:a 8049:J 8046:≀ 8044:e 8022:a 8018:= 8009:a 8005:a 7992:S 7977:D 7962:A 7957:D 7918:S 7912:S 7890:1 7885:2 7881:B 7860:f 7856:e 7849:a 7845:J 7842:≀ 7840:e 7836:a 7832:e 7818:a 7814:J 7811:≀ 7809:v 7801:. 7783:a 7779:= 7770:) 7760:a 7750:a 7740:a 7736:( 7721:D 7706:S 7701:D 7673:. 7660:L 7656:L 7648:L 7631:1 7627:L 7598:. 7585:R 7581:R 7573:R 7556:1 7552:R 7521:R 7517:L 7510:J 7506:J 7497:J 7482:J 7454:. 7436:) 7432:b 7429:a 7426:( 7423:= 7414:) 7410:b 7407:a 7404:( 7401:b 7388:L 7384:L 7376:L 7361:L 7333:. 7315:) 7311:b 7308:a 7305:( 7302:= 7299:a 7290:) 7286:b 7283:a 7280:( 7267:R 7263:R 7255:R 7240:R 7160:. 7158:h 7146:a 7142:x 7137:. 7135:a 7123:h 7077:. 7075:a 7071:a 7069:’ 7063:a 7059:a 7055:S 7051:a 7047:a 7037:I 7020:. 7018:a 7014:a 7010:S 7006:a 7002:a 6992:U 6973:X 6969:f 6965:X 6961:X 6957:f 6934:a 6932:* 6930:b 6922:a 6918:a 6914:S 6910:a 6906:a 6879:S 6875:N 6869:N 6865:S 6836:X 6823:X 6819:B 6799:. 6793:F 6786:V 6752:P 6748:I 6744:G 6740:M 6736:I 6732:G 6728:I 6721:h 6717:j 6713:g 6709:i 6705:h 6701:j 6697:g 6693:i 6689:G 6685:I 6678:G 6674:I 6670:P 6664:G 6660:G 6635:) 6633:n 6630:y 6626:1 6623:y 6619:m 6616:x 6612:1 6609:x 6605:n 6602:y 6598:1 6595:y 6591:m 6588:x 6584:1 6581:x 6575:X 6566:X 6562:F 6537:f 6533:e 6528:. 6526:y 6518:a 6510:a 6502:z 6498:y 6494:x 6490:a 6469:b 6465:a 6443:S 6419:. 6417:X 6401:X 6397:I 6324:a 6296:. 6286:X 6268:X 6264:T 6245:. 6230:1 6227:= 6224:y 6221:x 6215:y 6212:, 6209:x 6193:S 6157:a 6153:a 6149:a 6118:S 6114:w 6110:w 6106:w 6102:w 6098:S 6088:( 6067:A 6063:A 6055:S 6051:A 6044:S 6039:S 6015:A 6011:A 6003:S 5999:A 5992:S 5987:S 5963:A 5959:A 5951:A 5943:S 5939:A 5932:S 5927:S 5884:. 5866:a 5862:= 5853:) 5849:a 5846:b 5843:a 5840:( 5820:a 5817:= 5814:a 5805:a 5791:A 5783:A 5775:S 5771:A 5767:S 5763:A 5759:S 5754:a 5752:J 5733:S 5730:C 5705:a 5703:( 5701:I 5697:a 5695:( 5693:J 5688:a 5684:J 5680:a 5678:( 5676:J 5672:a 5670:( 5668:I 5661:S 5657:a 5655:( 5653:J 5630:S 5625:a 5621:D 5611:D 5595:. 5593:f 5589:h 5585:f 5581:f 5573:f 5565:E 5561:h 5556:. 5554:S 5550:A 5546:A 5542:A 5534:A 5526:S 5522:A 5515:S 5510:S 5488:. 5486:f 5482:h 5470:f 5462:E 5458:h 5453:. 5451:A 5443:A 5435:S 5431:A 5427:S 5423:A 5401:. 5399:S 5395:D 5391:S 5386:S 5363:S 5358:a 5354:D 5346:D 5344:( 5326:n 5322:S 5319:b 5316:S 5312:a 5308:S 5305:b 5302:S 5298:a 5277:. 5275:n 5271:b 5268:S 5264:a 5260:b 5257:S 5253:a 5232:. 5230:n 5226:S 5223:b 5219:a 5211:a 5189:y 5185:R 5182:≀ 5180:z 5176:z 5172:L 5169:≀ 5167:y 5163:z 5159:y 5155:R 5152:≀ 5150:x 5144:y 5140:L 5137:≀ 5135:z 5131:z 5127:L 5124:≀ 5122:y 5118:z 5114:y 5110:L 5107:≀ 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2606:v 2599:v 2595:f 2587:. 2585:a 2577:G 2573:u 2552:. 2550:a 2542:G 2538:u 2516:. 2514:f 2510:e 2498:f 2494:e 2490:0 2458:S 2450:a 2446:a 2442:k 2404:. 2402:a 2395:a 2391:a 2387:x 2383:k 2358:. 2356:a 2349:a 2345:x 2336:k 2332:k 2294:a 2290:b 2287:= 2284:b 2275:a 2237:a 2233:H 2174:. 2172:a 2168:x 2165:a 2161:x 2103:. 2101:a 2093:x 2071:. 2069:a 2065:y 2058:y 2054:x 1996:. 1994:a 1992:= 1986:x 1962:. 1960:E 1952:x 1943:E 1941:( 1828:m 1824:m 1797:b 1794:a 1792:) 1784:( 1782:b 1779:a 1771:j 1762:k 1758:k 1732:m 1728:b 1725:a 1719:( 1687:b 1684:a 1678:( 1671:k 1667:k 1546:. 1544:k 1511:H 1500:H 1482:L 1454:L 1443:L 1425:R 1397:R 1386:R 1370:. 1368:x 1330:. 1320:k 1316:y 1311:. 1301:j 1297:x 1274:. 1264:k 1260:x 1238:. 1228:k 1224:x 1201:b 1197:a 1166:. 1160:a 1156:k 1152:x 1054:a 1050:a 981:a 977:a 950:S 920:S 878:S 851:. 845:S 786:b 782:a 778:x 756:X 752:X 735:| 731:X 727:| 708:x 686:x 672:a 665:a 661:J 656:a 652:D 647:a 643:H 638:a 634:R 629:a 625:L 613:J 609:D 605:H 601:R 597:L 587:S 580:S 568:b 565:S 561:a 558:S 546:b 543:S 539:a 536:S 531:b 527:J 524:≀ 522:a 518:b 514:H 511:≀ 509:a 505:b 501:R 498:≀ 496:a 492:b 488:L 485:≀ 483:a 476:S 472:S 468:S 464:S 459:S 452:S 441:S 430:V 424:w 420:v 410:k 406:j 396:n 392:m 388:l 381:E 375:h 368:E 362:g 358:f 354:e 347:S 341:z 337:y 333:x 326:S 320:c 316:b 312:a 302:X 295:S 286:V 279:S 273:I 266:S 260:G 253:S 247:E 237:S 141:b 137:a 79:) 73:( 68:) 64:( 20:)

Index

Commutative semigroup
cleanup
quality standards
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mathematics
semigroup
nonempty set
associative
binary operation
class
semigroups
properties
commutative
finite
underlying set
cardinality
Brandt semigroups
algebraic
theory
subsets
underlying set
sets
structures
order
topology
classification
group
Regular
Green's relations

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