145:
The services of the CRA are in direct contact with other French authorities: the Office of
Private Property and Interests (OBIP) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for property looted and found abroad or in Alsace-Moselle, and with the restitution service of the Ministry of Finance for those found in
75:
to France, for return to their original owners. In addition many books, archives and manuscripts were discovered in several repositories in France and in the other territories occupied by the Reich. Between 1.1 and 2 million looted books were found although the total number of these books in France
149:
When these files relate to cultural property, they are transmitted to the CRA which then estimates the value in francs of the property declared looted and then crosses the information in an attempt to locate it among the collections that have been found. The sub-committee for books is directly in
166:
Among the 61,233 objects found at the end of the conflict, 45,441 were returned before 1950 to their owners or beneficiaries. Many owners could not be identified, 12,463 works are sold by the administration of the
Domains while 2,143 others are deposited with the National Museums or other museums
162:
To examine precious works, a "selection commission" for rare books and manuscripts was created by a decree of
October 12, 1949. Numerous documents have been allocated to the Libraries Directorate of the Ministry of National Education and to the administration of the Domains which proceed to their
140:
the sub-committee for the recovery of books, archives, manuscripts and autographs created on June 1, 1945, and chaired by
Camille Bloch, honorary inspector general of libraries and archives, until his death in 1949 then by André Masson, inspector general of libraries: book return activities are
150:
charge of returning documents, although it reports to OBIP. The CRA publishes two catalogs of exhibitions that it has organized to present the objects found: in 1946, Masterpieces from French private collections found in
Germany, then in 1949 Manuscripts and precious books found in Germany.
60:(ERR). In France, the number of works and objects of art looted by German forces during the Occupation is estimated at 100,000 pieces. These included paintings, sculptures, jewelry and furniture mainly stolen from Jewish families, who were targeted by anti-Jewish racial laws.
158:
Even though the identification and restitution operations had not been completed, a decree of
September 30, 1949 abolished the CRA on December 31, 1950. The OBIP resumed its powers and four "selection committees" were made responsible for processing unreturned collections.
79:
Historians, art historians, librarians and experts travelled to
Germany to examine the collections and send them back to their countries of origin. In order to process the works returned to France, the provisional government of the Republic set up a dedicated body: the
214:
Anne
Liskenne, « Autour des restitutions des biens culturels de 1944 à nos jours », dans Alexandre Sumpf et Vincent Laniol, Saisies, spoliations et restitutions : archives et bibliothèques au XXe siècle, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2012.
104:
and vice-president of the Higher
Council of Museums, the CRA then had seventeen members who could be assisted by experts appointed by the Ministry of Education. The number of members rose to thirty a few years later: among them are notably
630:
417:
163:
allocation or their deposit in public libraries or university establishments: some 13,800 looted books deposited at the end of the operations of restitution to the owners in some forty French libraries between 1950 and 1953.
404:
L'administration française effectue après la guerre des restitutions, par l'intermédiaire de la
Commission de Récupération Artistique (CRA), et des indemnisations par application de la loi sur les Dommages de guerre
146:
the rest of France. The role of the CRA is to provide its expertise to complete the declarations of spoliations made by the victims to the OBIP, the only administration required to receive the files.
504:. France. Ministère des affaires étrangères. Direction des archives et de la documentation. Paris: Direction des archives et de la Documentation, Ministère des affaires étrangères. pp. 226–227.
167:
after having been presented to the public at the Château de Compiègne in 1950. to 1954: these works have since been considered as National Salvage Museums and designated by the acronym "MNR".
67:, a conservation curator at the Jeu de Paume, played an important role in tracing, identifying and recovering the artworks looted by the ERR in France. The looted works were gathered in
622:
421:
313:
23:, or CRA) was a French public body of the Ministry of Education created on November 24, 1944, in order to process and return artworks and books plundered by the Nazis during the
133:
the service for the recovery of works of art, historical souvenirs, precious objects, period jewelry, directed by Michel Florisoone, curator at the Louvre, whose secretary is
392:
364:
701:
608:
477:
850:
72:
828:
855:
359:
725:
677:
584:
549:
453:
302:
255:
220:
198:
749:
509:
236:
118:
353:
122:
101:
71:
in Düsseldorf, Baden-Baden, Munich and Wiesbaden. Objects thought to have been looted from France were transferred by the Allied
57:
384:
68:
84:
CRA, was created on November 24, 1944, by an order of the Minister of National Education René Capitant at the request of
209:
Les officiers Beaux-Arts et la récupération artistique française dans les territoires de l’ancien Reich (1944 – 1949)
231:. Paris: Direction des archives et de la documentation - Ministère des Affaires étrangères. pp. XXI-348.
347:
297:. Villeurbanne: École nationale supérieure des sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques. p. 231.
193:. Paris: Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation de l'Isère, Maison des Droits de l'Homme. p. 95.
32:
63:
After the defeat of Germany, artworks that the Nazis had looted from France were discovered in Germany.
266:
24:
695:
602:
471:
653:
La sous-commission des livres à la récupération artistique : 1944-1950, Paris, , 1976, 63 p
501:
La France et les restitutions allemandes au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale (1943-1954)
731:
721:
683:
673:
590:
580:
555:
545:
515:
505:
459:
449:
321:
298:
274:
251:
232:
229:
La France et les restitutions allemandes au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale: 1943-1954
216:
194:
106:
85:
775:"Commission de récupération artistique. Archives de la sous-commission des livres (F/17)"
110:
97:
211:. Master thesis (dir. Laurence Bertrand Dorléac), Paris, École du Louvre, 2015, 312 p.
844:
52:
During World War II, Nazis engaged in massive looting of territories occupied by the
125:
during the war, before moving to avenue Rapp and rue de Montessuy in annexes of the
248:
Livres pillés, lectures surveillées: les bibliothèques françaises sous l'Occupation
134:
114:
64:
36:
28:
803:"Commission de récupération artistique. Archives de la sous-commission des livres"
669:
Livres pillés, lectures surveillées les bibliothèques françaises sous l'Occupation
576:
Livres pillés, lectures surveillées les bibliothèques françaises sous l'Occupation
541:
Livres pillés, lectures surveillées les bibliothèques françaises sous l'Occupation
815:
802:
774:
735:
463:
687:
594:
559:
325:
278:
519:
53:
715:
443:
667:
574:
539:
499:
623:"Enquête intégrale: à la recherche des manuscrits spoliés par les Nazis"
418:"Enquête intégrale: à la recherche des manuscrits spoliés par les Nazis"
117:. Until August 1946, the organization was housed in the premises of the
544:(Édition revue et augmentée ed.). : Gallimard. pp. 370–371.
182:
La sous-commission des livres à la récupération artistique: 1944-1950
126:
141:
supervised by Jenny Delsaux, librarian at the University of Paris.
579:(Édition revue et augmentée ed.). : Gallimard. p. 391.
672:(Édition revue et augmentée ed.). : Gallimard. p. 13.
720:. Presses universitaires de Rennes. 19 July 2019. p. 313.
445:
Où sont les bibliothèques françaises spoliées par les nazis?
829:"Récupération artistique après la Seconde guerre mondiale"
750:"Qu'est-ce qu'un MNR ? : Les Musées d'Angers"
295:
Où sont les bibliothèques spoliées par les nazis ?
76:was estimated at 20 million the day after the war.
385:"Biens culturels mobiliers et œuvres d'art - CIVS"
365:List of claims for restitution for Nazi-looted art
56:through Nazi looting organizations, notably the
16:French public body of the Ministry of Education
816:"Services français de récupération artistique"
88:, director of the National Museums of France.
8:
700:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
607:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
137:before she was sent on a mission to Germany;
476:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
271:Bulletin des bibliothèques de France (BBF)
170:The archives are held by France Archives.
121:museum in Paris, the headquarters of the
82:Commission de récupération artistique, or
773:artistique, Commission de récupération.
376:
693:
600:
469:
129:. The CRA is made up of two services:
21:Commission de récupération artistique
7:
533:
531:
529:
493:
491:
489:
487:
312:Sprang, Philippe (24 January 2017).
851:Aftermath of World War II in France
717:Saisies, spoliations, restitutions
354:Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg
58:Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg
19:The Artistic Recovery Commission (
14:
250:. Paris: Gallimard. p. 753.
633:from the original on 2021-06-15
395:from the original on 2019-11-07
191:Rose Valland: Une vie à l'œuvre
1:
856:Government agencies of France
360:Musées nationaux récupération
96:Chaired by the art collector
420:. 2021-06-15. Archived from
666:Poulain, Martine,. (2013).
573:Poulain, Martine,. (2013).
872:
102:Société des Amis du Louvre
538:Poulain, Martine (2013).
442:Poulain, Martine (2019).
293:Poulain, Martine (2019).
265:Poulain, Martine (2015).
246:Poulain, Martine (2008).
69:Central Collecting Points
498:Lorentz, Claude (1998).
227:Lorentz, Claude (1998).
651:Delsaux, Jenny (1976).
348:The Holocaust in France
189:Jouan, Ophélie (2019).
180:Delsaux, Jenny (1976).
267:"De mémoire de livres"
184:. Paris: . p. 63.
35:after the defeat of
31:, discovered by the
25:Occupation of France
314:"Enquête intégrale"
100:, president of the
223:, p. 313–325.
27:by Germany during
820:francearchives.fr
807:francearchives.fr
727:978-2-7535-6883-9
679:978-2-07-045397-9
627:www.nouvelobs.com
586:978-2-07-045397-9
551:978-2-07-045397-9
455:978-2-37546-106-8
304:978-2-37546-106-8
257:978-2-07-045397-9
221:978-2-7535-1996-1
200:978-2-35567-139-5
863:
836:
823:
810:
789:
788:
786:
785:
770:
764:
763:
761:
760:
754:musees.angers.fr
746:
740:
739:
712:
706:
705:
699:
691:
663:
657:
656:
648:
642:
641:
639:
638:
619:
613:
612:
606:
598:
570:
564:
563:
535:
524:
523:
495:
482:
481:
475:
467:
448:. Villeurbanne.
439:
433:
432:
430:
429:
414:
408:
407:
401:
400:
389:www.civs.gouv.fr
381:
336:
334:
332:
308:
289:
287:
285:
261:
242:
207:Jouan, Ophélie.
204:
185:
871:
870:
866:
865:
864:
862:
861:
860:
841:
840:
833:musees-reims.fr
827:
814:
801:
798:
793:
792:
783:
781:
772:
771:
767:
758:
756:
748:
747:
743:
728:
714:
713:
709:
692:
680:
665:
664:
660:
650:
649:
645:
636:
634:
621:
620:
616:
599:
587:
572:
571:
567:
552:
537:
536:
527:
512:
497:
496:
485:
468:
456:
441:
440:
436:
427:
425:
416:
415:
411:
398:
396:
383:
382:
378:
373:
344:
330:
328:
311:
305:
292:
283:
281:
264:
258:
245:
239:
226:
201:
188:
179:
176:
156:
107:Jacques Jaujard
94:
86:Jacques Jaujard
50:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
869:
867:
859:
858:
853:
843:
842:
839:
838:
825:
812:
797:
796:External links
794:
791:
790:
779:FranceArchives
765:
741:
726:
707:
678:
658:
643:
614:
585:
565:
550:
525:
510:
483:
454:
434:
409:
375:
374:
372:
369:
368:
367:
362:
357:
350:
343:
340:
339:
338:
309:
303:
290:
273:(4): 176–190.
262:
256:
243:
237:
224:
212:
205:
199:
186:
175:
172:
155:
152:
143:
142:
138:
98:Albert Henraux
93:
90:
49:
46:
44:
41:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
868:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
846:
834:
830:
826:
821:
817:
813:
808:
804:
800:
799:
795:
780:
776:
769:
766:
755:
751:
745:
742:
737:
733:
729:
723:
719:
718:
711:
708:
703:
697:
689:
685:
681:
675:
671:
670:
662:
659:
655:. p. 63.
654:
647:
644:
632:
628:
624:
618:
615:
610:
604:
596:
592:
588:
582:
578:
577:
569:
566:
561:
557:
553:
547:
543:
542:
534:
532:
530:
526:
521:
517:
513:
511:2-11-089157-2
507:
503:
502:
494:
492:
490:
488:
484:
479:
473:
465:
461:
457:
451:
447:
446:
438:
435:
424:on 2021-06-15
423:
419:
413:
410:
406:
394:
390:
386:
380:
377:
370:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
355:
351:
349:
346:
345:
341:
327:
323:
319:
315:
310:
306:
300:
296:
291:
280:
276:
272:
268:
263:
259:
253:
249:
244:
240:
238:2-11-089157-2
234:
230:
225:
222:
218:
213:
210:
206:
202:
196:
192:
187:
183:
178:
177:
173:
171:
168:
164:
160:
153:
151:
147:
139:
136:
132:
131:
130:
128:
127:Louvre Museum
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
99:
91:
89:
87:
83:
77:
74:
73:Monuments Men
70:
66:
61:
59:
55:
47:
42:
40:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
832:
819:
806:
782:. Retrieved
778:
768:
757:. Retrieved
753:
744:
716:
710:
668:
661:
652:
646:
635:. Retrieved
626:
617:
575:
568:
540:
500:
444:
437:
426:. Retrieved
422:the original
412:
403:
397:. Retrieved
388:
379:
352:
329:. Retrieved
317:
294:
282:. Retrieved
270:
247:
228:
208:
190:
181:
174:Bibliography
169:
165:
161:
157:
148:
144:
135:Rose Valland
119:Jeu de Paume
115:Rose Valland
95:
81:
78:
65:Rose Valland
62:
51:
37:Nazi Germany
29:World War II
20:
18:
154:Dissolution
92:Functioning
54:German army
845:Categories
784:2021-06-14
759:2021-06-15
736:1125773869
637:2021-06-15
464:1099284880
428:2021-06-15
399:2021-06-14
371:References
111:René Huygh
696:cite book
688:864820236
603:cite book
595:864820236
560:864820236
472:cite book
326:0029-4713
279:1292-8399
631:Archived
520:43844995
393:Archived
342:See also
331:25 March
284:15 March
824: ;
811: ;
405:(1946).
48:Origins
43:History
734:
724:
686:
676:
593:
583:
558:
548:
518:
508:
462:
452:
324:
301:
277:
254:
235:
219:
197:
33:Allies
318:L'Obs
732:OCLC
722:ISBN
702:link
684:OCLC
674:ISBN
609:link
591:OCLC
581:ISBN
556:OCLC
546:ISBN
516:OCLC
506:ISBN
478:link
460:OCLC
450:ISBN
333:2021
322:ISSN
299:ISBN
286:2021
275:ISSN
252:ISBN
233:ISBN
217:ISBN
195:ISBN
113:and
123:ERR
847::
831:.
818:.
805:.
777:.
752:.
730:.
698:}}
694:{{
682:.
629:.
625:.
605:}}
601:{{
589:.
554:.
528:^
514:.
486:^
474:}}
470:{{
458:.
402:.
391:.
387:.
320:.
316:.
269:.
109:,
39:.
837:.
835:.
822:.
809:.
787:.
762:.
738:.
704:)
690:.
640:.
611:)
597:.
562:.
522:.
480:)
466:.
431:.
337:.
335:.
307:.
288:.
260:.
241:.
203:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.