35:
145:
The
Commission's report also described systemic analytical, collection, and dissemination flaws that led the intelligence community to erroneous assessments about Iraq's alleged WMD programs. Chief among these flaws were "an analytical process that was driven by assumptions and inferences rather than
131:
The
Intelligence Community's performance in assessing Iraq's pre-war weapons of mass destruction programs was a major intelligence failure. The failure was not merely that the Intelligence Community's assessments were wrong. There were also serious shortcomings in the way these assessments were made
235:
and other relevant agencies or organizations concerning the capabilities, intentions, and activities of Iraq relating to the design, development, manufacture, acquisition, possession, proliferation, transfer, testing, potential or threatened use, or use of
Weapons of Mass Destruction and related
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served as the
Executive Director for the Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction sometimes called the Iraq Intelligence Commission. He also served as the first Director of the
549:
160:
One of the main and crucial intelligence sources for the case in Iraq was an informant named
Curveball. Curveball had never been interviewed by American intelligence until after the war and was instead handled exclusively by
215:
The report also looked forward, recommending a large number of organizational and structural reforms. Of the 74 recommendations to the
President, he fully accepted 69 in a public statement released on June 29, 2005.
157:
the report notes in several places that the commission's mandate did not allow it "to investigate how policymakers used the intelligence they received from the
Intelligence Community on Iraq's weapons programs,"
206:'s top aides, the Commission, while discovering that at least two INC defectors were fabricators, said it was "unable to uncover any evidence that the INC or any other organization was directing Curveball."
381:
455:
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data", failures by certain agencies to gather all relevant information and analyze fully information on purported centrifuge tubes, insufficient vetting of key sources, particularly the source "
396:
The first seven members of the panel were appointed on
February 6, 2004, the date of the executive order which created it. The final two members, Vest and Rowen, were appointed on February 13.
567:
797:
38:
President Bush holds a press briefing at the White House on Friday, February 6, 2004, announcing the formation of the commission. He is flanked by commission co-chairs
Senator
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The 601-page document detailed many U.S. intelligence failures and identified intelligence breakdowns in dozens of cases. Some of the conclusions reached by the report were:
107:
Following intense study of the
American Intelligence Community, the Commission delivered its report to the President on March 31, 2005, the so-called Robb-Silberman Report.
17:
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Footnote 274 elaborates, explaining that 'when pressed for access to Curveball, said that Curveball disliked Americans and that he would refuse to speak to them.'
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485:
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735:
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Unclassified Version of the Report of the Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction
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The Commission's mission is, in part, "to ensure the most effective counter-proliferation capabilities of the United States and response to the
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84:. President Bush therefore formed the Commission, but gave it a broad mandate not only to look into any errors behind the
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165:, who regarded his statements as unconvincing. An October 2002 National Intelligence Estimate that concluded Iraq "has"
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The impetus for the Commission lay with a public controversy occasioned by statements, including those of Chief of the
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593:"The Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction"
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550:"Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction"
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52:
Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction
18:
Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction
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and "related threats." However, the commission was not directed to examine the extent to which the
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was "based almost exclusively on information obtained" from Curveball, according to the report.
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76:, that the Intelligence Community had grossly erred in judging that Iraq had been developing
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in a nuclear weapons program were found by the commission to be used for conventional
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to the initiation of Operation Iraqi Freedom and compare it with the findings of the
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430:, announced a similar commission to investigate British intelligence, known as the
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39:
227:, the commission was meant to "specifically examine the Intelligence Community's
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191:" purporting to show a contract between the countries. There were "flaws in the
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While there were many reports that Curveball was actually the cousin of one of
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340:
324:
199:, misspelled words, incorrect titles for individuals and government entities".
192:
73:
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Days before the American commission was announced, the government of the
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intelligence, but also to look into intelligence on WMD programs in
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33:
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Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
150:," and somewhat overheated presentation of data to policymakers.
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224:
85:
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Commission on the Prevention of WMD proliferation and terrorism
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and the ongoing threat of terrorist activity." With regard to
187:
was due to American intelligence believing "transparently
119:
was wrong in almost all of its pre-war judgments about
437:
The commission was independent and separate from the
412:
and founded and served as the first Commander of the
115:Regarding Iraq, the Commission concluded that the
653:"Intelligence Analysts Whiffed on a 'Curveball'"
629:"Republicans Still Denying Bush Lied About Iraq"
172:Information about aluminum tubes to be used as
138:Unclassified version of the commission's report
129:
746:International Herald Tribune February 6, 2004
486:Senate Report on Pre-war Intelligence on Iraq
8:
651:Greg Miller and Bob Drogin (April 1, 2005).
798:George W. Bush administration controversies
749:Not everyone got it wrong on Iraq's weapons
121:Iraq's alleged weapons of mass destruction
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
689:"Big Lies, Blind Spies, and Vanity Fair"
564:Federal Government of the United States
524:Federal Government of the United States
501:
104:may have manipulated the intelligence.
491:Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission
327:" shortly after the Commission formed.
426:, the U.S.'s primary ally during the
221:September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
80:(WMD) before the March 2003 start of
7:
773:Iraq and weapons of mass destruction
627:Chait, Jonathan (February 9, 2015).
461:Iraq and weapons of mass destruction
117:United States Intelligence Community
803:United States national commissions
123:and that this constituted a major
25:
691:. sundaytelegraph. Archived from
515:United States Department of State
333:, Democrat, retired judge of the
132:and communicated to policymakers.
406:National Counterterrorism Center
302:, Republican, U.S. Senator from
1:
546:Office of the Press Secretary
386:National Intelligence Council
323:. Cutler changed status to "
29:United States government body
755:p521 of War and Decision by
78:weapons of mass destruction
824:
359:Deputy Director of the CIA
163:German intelligence agents
808:2004 in the United States
738:October 31, 2013, at the
276:Ambassador to Yugoslavia
244:Commission members are:
185:Niger Yellowcake scandal
725:Text of Executive Order
476:Office of Special Plans
264:Deputy Attorney General
82:Operation Iraqi Freedom
434:or the Butler Review.
371:, former President of
143:
54:is a panel created by
47:
548:(February 11, 2004).
278:, et al., co-Chairman
257:U.S. Court of Appeals
56:Executive Order 13328
37:
788:Classified documents
743:". February 6, 2004.
631:. New York Magazine.
570:on November 22, 2016
481:Operation Rockingham
343:, then-President of
294:Governor of Virginia
236:means of delivery."
125:intelligence failure
65:in February 2004.
695:on November 6, 2007
388:, and President of
363:Director of the NSA
335:DC Court of Appeals
313:White House counsel
311:, Democrat, former
102:Bush administration
733:Intelligence Probe
730:Online NewsHour, "
601:The New York Times
526:. February 6, 2004
414:United States Navy
384:, Chairman of the
249:Laurence Silberman
240:Commission members
229:intelligence prior
167:biological weapons
48:
44:Laurence Silberman
687:(April 7, 2005).
665:on August 3, 2007
658:Los Angeles Times
471:Iraq Survey Group
266:under Presidents
233:Iraq Survey Group
197:forged signatures
98:WMD proliferation
70:Iraq Survey Group
42:(left) and Judge
16:(Redirected from
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727:(whitehouse.gov)
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555:Federal Register
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466:Iraq Study Group
408:under President
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398:Vice Admiral
395:
321:Bill Clinton
317:Jimmy Carter
309:Lloyd Cutler
290:U.S. Senator
282:Charles Robb
243:
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685:Vest, Jason
417:Fifth Fleet
300:John McCain
272:Gerald Ford
174:centrifuges
90:Afghanistan
767:Categories
497:References
341:Rick Levin
325:Of Counsel
255:, retired
253:Republican
193:letterhead
380:, former
357:, former
292:from and
288:, former
148:Curveball
74:David Kay
793:Iraq War
736:Archived
699:July 24,
669:July 24,
612:April 9,
574:April 9,
530:April 9,
445:See also
428:Iraq War
350:Retired
286:Democrat
135:—
111:Findings
46:(right).
581:Alt URL
352:Admiral
304:Arizona
178:rockets
140:, p. 46
596:(PDF)
260:judge
94:Libya
701:2007
671:2007
614:2017
576:2017
532:2017
390:RAND
361:and
319:and
270:and
225:Iraq
183:The
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