56:
1228:, this was intended as a concession to Indonesian nationalists, and the Japanese hoped it would redirect nationalist enthusiasm towards harmless arguments between factions. The BPUPK was announced by the Sixteenth Army commander Lieutenant General Kumakichi Harada on 1 March 1945 to work on "preparations for independence in the region of the government of this island of Java". In the three months before the committee was established, a 19-member advisory board, or
1046:
1478:- the five principles that would form the ideological basis of the new state. Although the speech was well-received, Islamic leaders were worried that their interests would not be protected under Pancasila. At the end of the BPUPK session, members were encouraged to discuss their views and hear opinions from the people at meetings held in their hometowns. A sub-committee of eight members, the
1503:. This group included nationalists as well as Islamic figures, and on June 22 produced a draft preamble to the constitution including the wording of Pancasila, albeit in a different order from that in Sukarno's June 1 speech, with the religious obligation for Muslims. This was mostly the work of Muhammad Yamin, who named the resultant document the
1494:
also established by the
Japanese held a session from 18 to 21 June, and Sukarno, who chaired the body, took advantage of this to hold a meeting of the CAC members who were also members of the BPUPK. He also invited the BPUPK members who lived in Jakarta. Of the 47 people invited, 38 met and, prompted
1547:
The debate about the nature of the state continued. The main opposition to
Soepomo's integralistic concept came from Muhammad Yamin, who favoured a liberal democracy similar to the United States, with separation of powers and a bill of rights. Other delegates called for an Islamic state, or at the
1551:
A sub-committee held meetings on 11, 13 and 15 July to discuss details of the constitution. All 27 members agreed to the final format on 15 July. As
Soepomo played a dominant role in the drafting of the document, his views were manifested in its provision for a strong state. The constitution was
1457:
The opening ceremony took place on 28 May. It opened with a speech by the commander of the
Japanese 16th Army, Lieutenant General Yuichiro Nagano, who said that independence was being granted to Indonesia to ensure good relations with Japan in the long term. There were speeches by other Japanese
1232:
chaired by
Sartono discussed the organization, agenda and membership of it. The membership was to comprise 30 Indonesians, 3 Japanese and one representative each of the Chinese, Arab and Dutch ethnic groups. The board agreed to the two-stage Japanese plan of an investigating committee for Java,
1515:
This session debated and reached agreement on fundamental issues relating to the new nation, including its form, territory and constitution. On 10 July, a large majority of members (55) voted for independent
Indonesia being a republic, rather than a monarchy (6 votes) or other type of state (2
2534:
1458:
officials followed by the taking of a commemorative photograph. The meetings over the next four days consisted mostly of speeches by members and discussions about the ideology of an independent state, in particular whether there would be a role for Islam. On 31 May, Professor
2527:
2520:
1470:, with a strong executive. He claimed that as each individual would be a part of the state, there would be no need for guarantees of human rights because the interests of the state and its citizens would be exactly the same. On the final day, 1 June,
1576:. It never met, but issued a statement of its resolve to strive for the Japanese Empire. The chairman and secretary had planned to travel around Sumatra making speeches. They set off on July 26, but the tour was cut short by the Japanese surrender.
1750:, the Japanese Navy, the occupying authority, did not believe the inhabitants of the region were ready for independence. It allowed the establishment of a short-lived and impotent National Party chaired by the Sultan of
756:
2210:. Cornell University. Dept. Of Far Eastern Studies. Modern Indonesia Project. Interim reports series - Cornell University. Modern Indonesia Project. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University.
3155:
3145:
1233:
followed by a preparation committee for all of
Indonesia. It also agreed that the territory of the independent state would not be discussed. The BPUPK eventually met in the
1199:
and the liberation of the
Philippines, the Japanese abandoned hope of turning Indonesia into a puppet state, and now began to try and win goodwill. However, a rebellion by
1552:
approved by the BPUPK on 16 July, with only Yamin voting against it, apparently because he was unhappy at not having been included in the constitution drafting committee.
1776:
736:
2285:
Inomata, Aiko
Kurasawa (1997). "Indonesia Merdeka Selekas-lekasnya: Preparations for Independence in the Last Days of Japanese Occupation". In Abdullah, Taufik (ed.).
716:
1544:. This proposal garnered 39 votes, with 19 votes for a state limited to the territory of the Dutch East Indies and 6 votes for the Dutch East Indies plus Malaya.
1074:
1152:
805:
1195:. Other groups were set up, both civilian and military, and Indonesians began to be appointed to administrative posts. After the Japanese defeat at the
2258:
2422:
2322:
The Birth of the 1945 Constitution: including copies of the authentic documents of the
Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
3150:
3130:
2811:
2469:
2412:
2383:
2294:
2247:
2224:
2174:
1781:
850:
1564:, as chairman. The secretary was Djamaluddin Adinegoro. As well as the chairman and secretary, there were 22 members, including A.K. Gani,
991:
2493:
951:
2512:
3140:
1067:
1013:
2980:
2503:
2329:
971:
1754:, but this was banned six weeks later. The stance by the Navy prompted Sukarno to send two pro-independence figures from the east,
1006:
996:
986:
981:
961:
1159:. The BPUPK held two plenary meetings; the first was from 28 May to 1 June 1945 and the second was between 10 and 17 July 1945.
2318:
Lahirnya Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 : memuat salinan dokumen otentik badan oentoek menyelidiki oesaha2 persiapan kemerdekaan
1023:
815:
63:
1243:(People's Council), which had been set up by the Dutch. The Japanese appointed 59 members, representing the major groups in
1560:
On 25 July, a BPUPK was established by the Japanese 25th Army, in Sumatra, chaired by Mohammad Sjafei, head of the Sumatra
1238:
1060:
1028:
1018:
1001:
966:
890:
860:
795:
625:
328:
151:
35:
17:
644:
337:
2403:
The Aspiration for Constitutional Government in Indonesia: A Socio-Legal Study of the Indonesian Konstituante 1956-1959
2781:
2766:
870:
2927:
1677:
1271:
2205:
1673:
1289:
825:
2841:
2626:
2566:
1500:
1330:
1200:
1176:
1167:
Realising Japan was losing the war, on 7 September 1944, in a session of the Japanese parliament, Prime Minister
976:
2671:
2826:
1771:
1561:
1491:
1180:
956:
377:
2975:
2591:
2581:
1692:
3058:
2696:
2656:
1184:
123:
2631:
1668:
1275:
2816:
2776:
2666:
1658:
1260:
1221:
1183:, headed by Mohammad Sjafei, which met only once. Despite navy opposition, army-navy liaison vice-admiral
1172:
2786:
2641:
3052:
2958:
2611:
2601:
2571:
2393:
2304:
1713:
1629:
1602:
1335:
1266:
880:
607:
72:
55:
2934:
2636:
1683:
1379:
2922:
1702:
1644:
1340:
3085:
2987:
2946:
2861:
2746:
2676:
2596:
1565:
1475:
1374:
1349:
1196:
1112:
908:
671:
634:
587:
517:
487:
457:
427:
44:
2741:
1399:
2876:
2871:
2791:
2756:
2701:
2661:
1441:
1140:
1092:
726:
691:
557:
477:
347:
2917:
2901:
2586:
1589:
1151:), was an organization set up in March 1945 by the Japanese military authority in Java during the
2992:
2963:
2951:
2939:
2681:
2445:
2340:
2180:
1649:
1634:
1357:
1315:
1234:
1156:
931:
916:
577:
547:
467:
387:
220:
2399:
Aspirasi Pemerintahan Konstitutional di Indonesia: Studi Sosio-Legal atas Konstituante 1956-1956
1516:
votes). The next day, it was decided that the territory of Indonesia would include not only the
1155:
as the initial stage of the establishment of independence for the area under the control of the
1482:(small committee), was set up with Sukarno as chairman to discuss the issues that had emerged.
1353:
1345:
2891:
2846:
2796:
2771:
2706:
2646:
2576:
2499:
2465:
2408:
2379:
2363:
2325:
2324:] (in Indonesian). Depok, Indonesia: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia.
2290:
2243:
2220:
2201:
2170:
1618:
1533:
1517:
1305:
1225:
1104:
766:
746:
527:
417:
407:
367:
102:
2651:
3099:
3026:
2851:
2831:
2606:
2437:
2355:
2162:
1728:
1573:
1529:
1050:
926:
681:
507:
497:
190:
3021:
2736:
1608:
1504:
1394:
921:
662:
537:
437:
397:
230:
1707:
1462:
called for an authoritarian integralistic state based on a combination of the systems in
1255:), included eight Japanese, including one of the vice-chairmen. Among the members were:
3135:
2806:
2761:
2731:
2721:
2691:
2686:
2457:
1759:
1594:
1541:
1521:
1467:
1389:
1384:
1369:
1300:
1192:
597:
567:
447:
270:
200:
1224:
decided to establish a committee to investigate Indonesian independence. According to
3124:
3080:
2726:
2184:
1755:
1612:
1168:
250:
2970:
2896:
2886:
2751:
2621:
1800:"Indonesia" was not part of the name as the 16th Army only had authority over Java.
1623:
1525:
1463:
1409:
1364:
1126:
240:
170:
133:
1252:
1696:
1688:
2881:
2711:
1404:
1310:
1122:
357:
280:
82:
2616:
2359:
2166:
1751:
1747:
1320:
1171:
promised independence for the 'East Indies' at "sometime in the future". The
300:
2367:
1548:
very least, a constitutional obligation for Muslims to abide by Shariah law.
2207:
Some Aspects of Indonesian Politics under the Japanese occupation, 1944-1945
310:
260:
210:
113:
2856:
1662:
92:
2341:"A note on the sources for the 1945 constitutional debates in Indonesia"
1251:. The membership, which was announced on April 29, (coinciding with the
1137:
Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence
2866:
2836:
2821:
2801:
2716:
2449:
1471:
1459:
1325:
1295:
1283:
1188:
180:
2156:
1248:
1204:
290:
2441:
1762:, who were in Java, back home to mobilize pro-independence forces.
1220:
In February 1945, partly in response to the Koiso declaration, the
3063:
1640:
1569:
160:
1244:
2516:
2158:
An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese and Other Histories of Sumatra
1207:
in February 1945 showed the Japanese they were losing control.
2545:
Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
1089:
Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
2004:
1888:
1818:
1816:
1145:
Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia
2240:
Pejambon 1845: The Great Consensus of the Nation's Founders
2111:
2109:
1135:), sometimes referred to, but better known locally, as the
2236:
Pejambon 1945: Konsensus Agung para Pelatak Fondasi Bangsa
18:
Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence
2259:"Another Look at the Jakarta Charter Controversy of 1945"
1964:
1962:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1845:
1843:
1777:
Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI)
1187:
began to fund speaking tours by Indonesian nationalists
2126:
2124:
1860:
1858:
1130:
1116:
2498:. Translated by Helen Jarvis. Ohio University Press.
1495:
by Sukarno, established a nine-member committee, the
2217:
The Constitution of Indonesia: A Contextual Analysis
3014:
3007:
2910:
2559:
2552:
2378:. Singapore: Archipelago Press. pp. 101–102.
2219:. Oxford & Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
1097:Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan
2487:] (in Indonesian). Surabaya: Penerbitan Grip.
2407:(in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti,
2242:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kompas Gramedia.
1474:made his famous speech in which he outlined the
1426:
2289:. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. pp. 97–113.
1433:
2528:
2311:. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
1068:
8:
3156:Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies
3146:Indonesian collaborators with Imperial Japan
2348:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
1782:Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP)
1153:Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies
27:Japanese sponsored organization in Indonesia
2076:
2052:
1953:
1822:
3011:
2556:
2535:
2521:
2513:
2462:A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1300
1834:
1075:
1061:
29:
2064:
2005:Daradjadi & Osa Kurniawan Ilham 2020
1968:
1912:
1889:Daradjadi & Osa Kurniawan Ilham 2020
1876:
1849:
1175:was not supportive of the idea, but the
2309:Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia
2234:Daradjadi; Osa Kurniawan Ilham (2020).
2028:
1929:
1900:
1812:
1793:
1643:; Tgk. Saibun Abdul Jalil Rahmat Sjah,
43:
32:
2423:"The Birth of the Republic of Sumatra"
2287:The Heartbeat of Indonesian Revolution
2130:
2100:
2040:
1941:
1584:The members of BPUPK in Sumatra were:
2812:Siti Sukaptinah Sunaryo Mangunpuspito
2115:
2088:
2016:
1992:
1980:
1864:
1737:Members: Bangka-Billiton: M.A. Sjarif
1617:Members: East Sumatra: Dr. Pirngadi;
1444:, the language used in the meetings.
7:
2142:
1724:Members: Bengkulu: Ir. Indra Tjahaja
2464:(4th ed.). London: MacMillan.
1540:), which was strongly supported by
2339:Kusuma, A.B.; Elson, R.E. (2011),
2215:Butt, Simon; Lindsey, Tim (2012).
25:
2481:Lahirnya Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
1734:Members: Lampung: Mr. Abdul Abbas
2767:Poerbonegoro Soemitro Kolopaking
1044:
54:
3151:Indonesian National Revolution
3100:Saibun Abdul Jalil Rahmat Sjah
2485:Birth of the 1945 Constitution
2421:Reid, Anthony (October 1971).
2376:Sukarno: A Political Biography
1721:Members: Jambi: Dr. A. Sjagoff
757:French and British interregnum
1:
3131:1945 in the Dutch East Indies
2257:Elson, R. E. (October 2009).
2155:Reid, Anthony (2004-01-01).
1731:; Ir. Ibrahim; K.H. Tjik Wan
1453:First (28 May – 1 June 1945)
1425:The Japanese vice-chairman,
1253:birthday of Emperor Hirohito
645:Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow
2782:Roosseno Soerjohadikoesoemo
1440:, was unable to understand
1427:
1261:Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat
1131:
1117:
152:Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms
3172:
3104:Sjech Mohd. Djamil Djambek
2672:Jenal Asikin Wijaya Kusuma
2374:Legge, John David (2003).
1714:Sjech Mohd. Djamil Djambek
1290:Abdoel Gaffar Pringgodigdo
1132:Dokuritu Zyunbi Tyoosa-kai
826:United States of Indonesia
663:Chinese Kongsi federations
3141:Indonesia in World War II
2842:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
2627:Alexander Andries Maramis
2360:10.1163/22134379-90003589
2167:10.1163/9789004486553_018
1718:Members: Riau: Aminoeddin
1613:Tgk. Mohd. Daud Beureu'eh
1434:
1331:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
1216:Formation and composition
1179:in Sumatra established a
1108:
977:Javanese historical texts
2827:Surachman Tjokroadisurjo
1772:Central Advisory Council
1562:Central Advisory Council
1511:Second (10–17 July 1945)
1492:Central Advisory Council
1181:Central Advisory Council
1118:Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsakai
737:Dutch East India Company
378:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
3090:Mohd. Sjafei (chairman)
3059:Ferdinand Lumban Tobing
2976:Tanaka Minoru (soldier)
2697:Margono Djojohadikusumo
2592:Abdulrahim Pratalykrama
2077:Butt & Lindsey 2012
2053:Butt & Lindsey 2012
1954:Butt & Lindsey 2012
1823:Kusuma & Elson 2011
1667:Members: West Sumatra:
1657:Members: Tapanuli: Dr.
2817:Soekiman Wirjosandjojo
2777:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
2667:Hoesein Djajadiningrat
2657:Boentaran Martoatmodjo
2479:Soeripto, ed. (1962).
2394:Nasution, Adnan Buyung
2305:Kahin, George McTurnan
1659:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
1144:
1096:
788:Emergence of Indonesia
3053:Djamaluddin Adinegoro
2632:Ashar Sutejo Munandar
2602:Abikusno Tjokrosujoso
2572:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
2145:, pp. 28–29, 45.
1669:Dt. Perpatih Baringek
1603:Djamaluddin Adinegoro
1532:, a concept known as
1499:, to work on a draft
1336:Abikusno Tjokrosujoso
1237:formerly used by the
843:Republic of Indonesia
709:European colonization
608:Riau-Lingga Sultanate
3086:Teuku Mohammad Hasan
2862:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
2747:Oto Iskandar di Nata
2677:Johannes Latuharhary
2597:Abdurrahman Baswedan
2316:Kusuma, A.B (2004).
1727:Members: Palembang:
1375:Abdurrahman Baswedan
1197:Battle of Leyte Gulf
1051:Indonesia portal
672:Heshun Confederation
588:Yogyakarta Sultanate
518:Kalinyamat Sultanate
488:Sultanate of Jailolo
458:Sultanate of Ternate
171:Tarumanagara Kingdom
2877:Susanto Tirtoprodjo
2792:Samsi Sastrawidagda
2787:Ruslan Wongsokusumo
2702:Maria Ulfah Santoso
2642:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
2492:Tan Malaka (2020).
816:National Revolution
806:Japanese occupation
692:Santiaogou Republic
558:Palembang Sultanate
478:Sultanate of Tidore
348:Peureulak Sultanate
281:Dharmasraya Kingdom
3031:A. R. Sutan Mansur
3015:Indonesian members
2959:Matsuura Mitsukiyo
2682:Ki Hajar Dewantara
2612:Agus Muhsin Dasaad
2560:Indonesian members
2202:Anderson, Benedict
2118:, p. 121-122.
2019:, p. 112-113.
1903:, p. 102-104.
1630:Mr. T. Mohd. Hasan
1428:Ichibangase Yoshio
1365:Abdul Wahid Hasyim
1316:Ki Hajar Dewantara
1267:Ichibangase Yoshio
1157:Japanese 16th Army
895:1998–present
796:National Awakening
626:Christian kingdoms
592:1755–present
582:1745–present
578:Surakarta Sunanate
548:Kingdom of Kaimana
502:1526–present
468:Sultanate of Bacan
388:Pagaruyung Kingdom
329:Islamic sultanates
221:Shailendra Dynasty
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3093:Perpatih Baringek
3003:
3002:
2935:Itagaki Masamitsu
2892:Wiranatakusumah V
2647:Besar Mertokusumo
2637:Asikin Natanegara
2577:Abdul Fatah Hasan
2495:From Jail to Jail
2471:978-0-230-54685-1
2414:978-979-444-384-2
2385:978-981-4068-64-2
2296:978-979-605-723-8
2249:978-623-00-2017-9
2226:978-1-84113-018-7
2176:978-90-04-48655-3
2067:, p. 80-131.
1879:, pp. 16–17.
1684:A.R. Sutan Mansur
1534:Greater Indonesia
1518:Dutch East Indies
1380:Agus Muhsin Jasad
1306:Besar Mertokusumo
1226:Benedict Anderson
1085:
1084:
899:
898:
851:Liberal democracy
834:
833:
779:
778:
767:Dutch East Indies
700:
699:
653:
652:
635:Larantuka Kingdom
616:
615:
528:Mataram Sultanate
428:Cirebon Sultanate
408:Malacca Sultanate
368:Ternate Sultanate
319:
318:
301:Singhasari Empire
295:1000s–1300s
261:Kahuripan Kingdom
142:
141:
16:(Redirected from
3163:
3049:Chatib Soeleiman
3027:Adnan Kapau Gani
3012:
2996:
2984:
2967:
2955:
2943:
2931:
2923:Itibangase Yosio
2911:Japanese members
2852:Sosrodiningrat V
2607:Achmad Soebardjo
2557:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2514:
2509:
2488:
2475:
2453:
2427:
2417:
2389:
2370:
2354:(2–3): 196–209,
2345:
2335:
2312:
2300:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2263:
2253:
2230:
2211:
2189:
2188:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2119:
2113:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1957:
1956:, p. 40-41.
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1801:
1798:
1711:
1703:Chatib Soeleiman
1700:
1681:
1653:
1645:Sultan of Asahan
1638:
1627:
1598:
1574:Sultan of Asahan
1530:Portuguese Timor
1497:panitia sembilan
1448:Plenary sessions
1439:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1361:
1341:Bagus Hadikusuma
1279:
1134:
1120:
1110:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1049:
1048:
1047:
861:Guided Democracy
847:
846:
792:
791:
713:
712:
682:Lanfang Republic
668:
667:
631:
630:
552:1600s–1926
542:1528s–1877
508:Banjar Sultanate
498:Banten Sultanate
482:1500s–1967
398:Brunei Sultanate
334:
333:
311:Majapahit Empire
211:Srivijaya Empire
191:Kalingga Kingdom
157:
156:
124:Toba catastrophe
107:94,000–12,000 BP
78:
77:
58:
48:
30:
21:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3110:
3022:Teuku Nyak Arif
2999:
2990:
2988:Tokonami Tokuji
2978:
2961:
2949:
2947:Masuda Toyohiko
2937:
2925:
2906:
2737:Oey Tiang Tjoei
2548:
2543:Members of the
2541:
2506:
2491:
2478:
2472:
2456:
2442:10.2307/3350656
2425:
2420:
2415:
2392:
2386:
2373:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2315:
2303:
2297:
2284:
2275:
2273:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2233:
2227:
2214:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2177:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2129:
2122:
2114:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2091:, p. 115n.
2087:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2063:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1856:
1848:
1841:
1835:Tan Malaka 2020
1833:
1829:
1821:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1768:
1748:eastern islands
1744:
1742:Eastern islands
1705:
1686:
1671:
1654:; Hsu Hua Chang
1647:
1632:
1621:
1607:Members: Aceh:
1592:
1582:
1558:
1513:
1505:Jakarta Charter
1488:
1455:
1450:
1431:
1423:
1395:Oey Tiang Tjoei
1343:
1286:(vice-chairman)
1280:(vice-chairman)
1269:
1218:
1213:
1165:
1081:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1034:
946:
938:
937:
936:
911:
901:
900:
885:1967–1998
875:1966–1967
865:1959–1966
855:1950–1959
844:
836:
835:
830:1949–1950
820:1945–1949
810:1942–1945
800:1908–1942
789:
781:
780:
775:
774:1945–1949
773:
772:1800–1942
761:1806–1816
751:1685–1824
741:1602–1799
731:1521–1677
721:1512–1850
710:
702:
701:
696:1777–1853
686:1777–1884
676:1776–1854
665:
655:
654:
628:
618:
617:
612:1824–1911
602:1814–1946
572:1725–1946
562:1659–1823
538:Johor Sultanate
532:1586–1755
522:1527–1599
512:1526–1863
492:1496–1903
472:1515–1946
462:1486–1914
452:1496–1903
442:1475–1554
438:Demak Sultanate
432:1445–1677
422:1405–1851
412:1400–1511
402:1368–1888
392:1347–1833
382:1267–1521
372:1257–1914
362:1225–1613
338:Spread of Islam
331:
321:
320:
315:1293–1527
305:1222–1292
285:1183–1347
275:1045–1221
265:1019–1045
231:Mataram Kingdom
154:
144:
143:
75:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3169:
3167:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3123:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3009:
3005:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2985:
2973:
2968:
2956:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:Sastromoeljono
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2762:Parada Harahap
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2742:Oey Tjong Hauw
2739:
2734:
2732:Mohammad Yamin
2729:
2724:
2722:Mohammad Hatta
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2692:Liem Koen Hian
2689:
2687:Kusumah Atmaja
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2504:
2489:
2476:
2470:
2458:Ricklefs, M.C.
2454:
2418:
2413:
2390:
2384:
2371:
2336:
2330:
2313:
2301:
2295:
2282:
2254:
2248:
2231:
2225:
2212:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2175:
2147:
2135:
2120:
2105:
2103:, p. 432.
2093:
2081:
2069:
2057:
2045:
2033:
2031:, p. 107.
2021:
2009:
1997:
1995:, p. 209.
1985:
1983:, p. 112.
1973:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1932:, p. 106.
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1869:
1867:, p. 121.
1854:
1852:, p. 339.
1839:
1827:
1825:, p. 196.
1811:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1767:
1764:
1760:Tadjuddin Noor
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1665:
1655:
1615:
1605:
1599:
1581:
1578:
1557:
1554:
1542:Mohammad Yamin
1538:Indonesia Raya
1512:
1509:
1487:
1484:
1468:Imperial Japan
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Oei Tjong Hauw
1397:
1392:
1390:Liem Koen Hian
1387:
1385:Parada Harahap
1382:
1377:
1372:
1370:Muhammad Yamin
1367:
1362:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1301:Mohammad Hatta
1298:
1293:
1292:(co-secretary)
1287:
1281:
1264:
1257:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1164:
1161:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
913:
912:
907:
906:
903:
902:
897:
896:
893:
887:
886:
883:
877:
876:
873:
867:
866:
863:
857:
856:
853:
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
832:
831:
828:
822:
821:
818:
812:
811:
808:
802:
801:
798:
790:
787:
786:
783:
782:
777:
776:
771:
769:
763:
762:
759:
753:
752:
749:
743:
742:
739:
733:
732:
729:
723:
722:
719:
711:
708:
707:
704:
703:
698:
697:
694:
688:
687:
684:
678:
677:
674:
666:
661:
660:
657:
656:
651:
650:
647:
641:
640:
637:
629:
624:
623:
620:
619:
614:
613:
610:
604:
603:
600:
598:Deli Sultanate
594:
593:
590:
584:
583:
580:
574:
573:
570:
568:Siak Sultanate
564:
563:
560:
554:
553:
550:
544:
543:
540:
534:
533:
530:
524:
523:
520:
514:
513:
510:
504:
503:
500:
494:
493:
490:
484:
483:
480:
474:
473:
470:
464:
463:
460:
454:
453:
450:
448:Aceh Sultanate
444:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
424:
423:
420:
418:Sulu Sultanate
414:
413:
410:
404:
403:
400:
394:
393:
390:
384:
383:
380:
374:
373:
370:
364:
363:
360:
354:
353:
352:840–1292
350:
344:
343:
342:800–1600
340:
332:
327:
326:
323:
322:
317:
316:
313:
307:
306:
303:
297:
296:
293:
291:Pannai Kingdom
287:
286:
283:
277:
276:
273:
271:Kediri Kingdom
267:
266:
263:
257:
256:
255:932–1579
253:
247:
246:
245:914–1908
243:
237:
236:
235:716–1016
233:
227:
226:
223:
217:
216:
213:
207:
206:
203:
201:Melayu Kingdom
197:
196:
193:
187:
186:
183:
177:
176:
173:
167:
166:
163:
155:
150:
149:
146:
145:
140:
139:
136:
130:
129:
126:
120:
119:
117:
109:
108:
105:
99:
98:
95:
89:
88:
86:
76:
71:
70:
67:
66:
60:
59:
51:
50:
41:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3168:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3081:Daud Beureueh
3079:
3076:
3074:Indra Tjahaja
3073:
3070:
3068:Hsu Hua Chang
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3008:Sumatra BPUPK
3006:
2994:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2872:Suryohamijoyo
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:Panji Singgih
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2727:Mohammad Noor
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Hindromartono
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2538:
2533:
2531:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2507:
2505:9780896804043
2501:
2497:
2496:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2436:(12): 21–46.
2435:
2431:
2424:
2419:
2416:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2331:979-8972-28-7
2327:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2272:(88): 105–130
2271:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2082:
2079:, p. 41.
2078:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2065:Soeripto 1962
2061:
2058:
2055:, p. 42.
2054:
2049:
2046:
2043:, p. 62.
2042:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2007:, p. 97.
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1971:, p. 11.
1970:
1969:Nasution 1995
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1947:
1944:, p. 87.
1943:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1915:, p. 18.
1914:
1913:Anderson 1961
1909:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1891:, p. 10.
1890:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1877:Anderson 1961
1873:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1850:Ricklefs 2008
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1797:
1794:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1756:Sam Ratulangi
1753:
1749:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1729:Dr. A.K. Gani
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1480:panitia kecil
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1429:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:PETA militias
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:Maeda Tadashi
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:Japanese navy
1170:
1169:Kuniaki Koiso
1162:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
942:
941:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
910:
905:
904:
894:
892:
889:
888:
884:
882:
879:
878:
874:
872:
869:
868:
864:
862:
859:
858:
854:
852:
849:
848:
840:
839:
829:
827:
824:
823:
819:
817:
814:
813:
809:
807:
804:
803:
799:
797:
794:
793:
785:
784:
770:
768:
765:
764:
760:
758:
755:
754:
750:
748:
745:
744:
740:
738:
735:
734:
730:
728:
725:
724:
720:
718:
715:
714:
706:
705:
695:
693:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
679:
675:
673:
670:
669:
664:
659:
658:
648:
646:
643:
642:
638:
636:
633:
632:
627:
622:
621:
611:
609:
606:
605:
601:
599:
596:
595:
591:
589:
586:
585:
581:
579:
576:
575:
571:
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251:Sunda Kingdom
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161:Kutai Kingdom
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42:
37:
31:
19:
3077:M. A. Sjarif
2971:Miyano Shozo
2918:Ide Teitiroo
2902:Wuryaningrat
2897:Wongsonegoro
2887:Wahid Hasyim
2752:P. F. Dahler
2622:Ahmad Sanusi
2587:Abdul Kaffar
2544:
2494:
2484:
2480:
2461:
2433:
2429:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2375:
2351:
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2321:
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2308:
2286:
2274:. Retrieved
2269:
2265:
2239:
2235:
2216:
2206:
2157:
2150:
2138:
2133:, p. 1.
2096:
2084:
2072:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2029:Inomata 1997
2024:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1976:
1949:
1937:
1930:Inomata 1997
1908:
1901:Inomata 1997
1896:
1884:
1872:
1830:
1796:
1745:
1609:T. Njak Arif
1590:Mohd. Sjafei
1583:
1559:
1550:
1546:
1537:
1526:North Borneo
1514:
1501:constitution
1496:
1489:
1479:
1464:Nazi Germany
1456:
1424:
1410:P. F. Dahler
1239:
1229:
1219:
1166:
1148:
1136:
1127:Kunrei-shiki
1100:
1088:
1086:
1033:
992:Christianity
241:Bali Kingdom
134:Buni culture
112:
97:1,000,000 BP
81:
3055:(secretary)
3037:Abdul Abbas
2991: [
2979: [
2962: [
2950: [
2938: [
2926: [
2882:Tan Eng Hoa
2712:Mas Mansoer
2582:Abdul Kadir
2567:Abdul Halim
2276:21 December
2195:Works cited
2131:Kusuma 2004
2101:Kusuma 2004
2041:Kusuma 2004
1942:Kusuma 2004
1706: [
1687: [
1672: [
1648: [
1633: [
1622: [
1601:Secretary:
1593: [
1580:Composition
1566:Teuku Hasan
1520:, but also
1420:Ryuka Honda
1417:Hina Mayada
1414:Akira Youka
1405:Tan Eng Hoa
1344: [
1311:Mas Mansoer
1270: [
1230:Sanyo Kaigi
1123:Nihon-shiki
957:Archaeology
952:Agriculture
358:Aru Kingdom
83:Paleolithic
45:History of
3125:Categories
3040:Aminoeddin
3034:A. Sjagoff
2617:Agus Salim
2553:Java BPUPK
2116:Kahin 1952
2089:Elson 2009
2017:Elson 2009
1993:Legge 2003
1981:Elson 2009
1865:Kahin 1952
1808:References
1588:Chairman:
1442:Indonesian
1321:Agus Salim
1263:(chairman)
1163:Background
1141:Indonesian
1093:Indonesian
1014:Mass media
891:Reform era
871:Transition
717:Portuguese
103:Flores Man
73:Prehistory
2460:(2008) .
2430:Indonesia
2368:0006-2294
2266:Indonesia
2185:243462963
2161:. BRILL.
2143:Reid 1971
1476:Pancasila
1240:Volksraad
1222:16th Army
1177:25th Army
972:Education
881:New Order
649:1670–1950
639:1515–1904
225:600s–900s
215:600s–1025
205:600s–1347
195:500s–600s
185:400s-500s
175:400s–500s
128:75,000 BP
114:Neolithic
47:Indonesia
3107:Tjik Wan
3096:Pirngadi
2857:Sudirman
2847:Soewandi
2797:Samsudin
2772:Purubojo
2707:Mas Aris
2396:(1995),
2307:(1952).
2204:(1961).
1766:See also
1619:Dr. Amir
1572:and the
1235:building
1105:Japanese
1019:Military
997:Hinduism
987:Buddhism
982:Religion
962:Currency
945:By topic
165:350–1605
93:Java Man
64:Timeline
36:a series
34:Part of
3071:Ibrahim
3046:Azairin
2867:Sukarno
2837:Soeroso
2822:Soepomo
2802:Sartono
2717:Masjkur
2652:Bintoro
2547:(BPUPK)
2450:3350656
1746:In the
1663:Azairin
1556:Sumatra
1472:Sukarno
1460:Soepomo
1435:一番ヶ背 芳雄
1326:Soepomo
1296:Sukarno
1284:Soeroso
1189:Sukarno
1113:Hepburn
1109:独立準備調査会
1007:Judaism
967:Economy
932:Bandung
917:Jakarta
909:Regions
747:British
727:Spanish
181:Kantoli
138:400 BCE
2832:Soerjo
2502:
2468:
2448:
2411:
2382:
2366:
2328:
2293:
2246:
2223:
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2173:
1661:; Mr.
1522:Malaya
1486:Recess
1249:Madura
1205:Blitar
1149:BPUPKI
38:on the
3136:BPUPK
3064:Hamka
2995:]
2983:]
2966:]
2954:]
2942:]
2930:]
2483:[
2446:JSTOR
2426:(PDF)
2344:(PDF)
2320:[
2262:(PDF)
2238:[
2181:S2CID
1710:]
1699:]
1680:]
1652:]
1641:Hamka
1637:]
1626:]
1597:]
1570:Hamka
1360:]
1278:]
1193:Hatta
1101:BPUPK
1029:Women
1024:Sport
1002:Islam
927:Bogor
3043:Amir
2500:ISBN
2466:ISBN
2409:ISBN
2380:ISBN
2364:ISSN
2326:ISBN
2291:ISBN
2278:2018
2244:ISBN
2221:ISBN
2171:ISBN
1788:Note
1758:and
1752:Bone
1490:The
1466:and
1247:and
1245:Java
1211:Java
1191:and
1087:The
922:Bali
2438:doi
2356:doi
2352:167
2163:doi
1693:min
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1358:min
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