42:
454:
443:
91:
66:
537:
are open areas, particularly grassland, but also chaparral, oak woodland, abandoned farms, desert, low mountains, sand, and any type of riparian zone, including swamps, canals, and streams. A study on the habitat use of the
Eastern Kingsnake found that overall they prefer and can be found in sites
637:
It has developed a hunting technique to avoid being bitten by clamping down on the jaws of the venomous prey, but even if envenomated, it is immune. It also eats amphibians, turtle eggs, bird eggs (including those of the northern bobwhite ), lizards (such as five-lined skinks ), and small mammals
489:
include eastern kingsnake, common kingsnake, chain kingsnake, kingsnake, Carolina kingsnake, chain snake, bastard horn snake, black kingsnake, black moccasin, common chain snake, cow sucker, horse racer, master snake, North
American kingsnake, oakleaf rattler, pied snake, pine snake, racer,
472:
is the largest at 107 cm (42 in) SVL on average. Specimens up to 208.2 cm (82.0 in) in total length (including tail) have been recorded. Weight can vary from 285 g (10.1 oz) in a small specimen of 87.2 cm (34.3 in) in total length, to 2,268 g
476:
The color pattern consists of a glossy black, blue black, or dark brown ground color, overlaid with a series of 23-52 white chain-like rings. Kingsnakes from the coastal plains have wider bands, while those found in mountainous areas have thinner bands or may be completely black.
1168:
1266:
546:
Although commonly described as diurnal, some reports suggest that the
Eastern Kingsnake are crepuscular or nocturnal during the hottest parts of the year. They will often retreat into rodent burrows as nocturnal retreats.
542:
and dense shrubbery. From their observations throughout the course of research, they found that 79% of their tracked specimen spent the majority of their time concealed under the cover of soil and leaf litter.
662:. Adult females lay up to several dozen eggs that hatch after 2.0-2.5 months of incubation. Hatchlings are brightly colored and feed on small snakes, lizards, and rodents. Eastern Kingsnakes (
1365:
Davy, Christina M.; Shirose, Leonard; Campbell, Doug; Dillon, Rachel; McKenzie, Christina; Nemeth, Nicole; Braithwaite, Tony; Cai, Hugh; Degazio, Tarra; Dobbie, Tammy; Egan, Sean (2021).
641:
Due to their diet of eating other snake species, kingsnakes are a key factor in the spread of ophidiomycosis. This is a relatively new snake fungal disease originating from the fungus,
1897:
1546:
Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio
Duodecima, Reformata.
1467:
1788:
1853:
1933:
666:) are active from April–October in most parts of their habitat range and breeding occurs in the spring months. Neck-biting is a common behavior when mating.
1943:
1043:
1097:
1762:
1963:
1814:
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1948:
1631:
1575:
1953:
1065:
678:
does well in captivity, living to 25 years or more. Some of the most popular subspecies of the common kingsnake kept in captivity are the
1958:
1213:
Howze, Jennifer & Smith, Lora. (2012). Factors
Influencing Eastern Kingsnake Diel Activity. Copeia. 2012. 460-464. 10.2307/23273252.
1424:
Wund, Turocco, Zappalorti, & Reinert (2007). "Activity Ranges and
Habitat Use of Lampropeltis getula getula (Eastern Kingsnakes)".
1535:
262:
1609:
1601:
1151:
1125:
977:
941:
910:
902:
1905:
434:
described here. All of these taxa had originally been described as distinct species and recognized as such for up to 101 years.
1819:
997:
1029:
1555:
249:
1648:
869:
1559:
890:
370:
90:
1801:
720:
683:
1589:
574:), which are responsible for more venomous snakebites than any other in the United States, as well as coral snakes (
779:
502:
344:
1858:
557:), especially males, are territorial, and will engage invading snakes in combat if their territory is threatened.
643:
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1051:
431:
1437:
1184:
41:
1714:
691:
316:
245:
647:. This disease has a variety of impacts on snakes and the extent of this impact is still being researched.
1676:
1340:
570:
1938:
1461:
799:
458:
195:
468:, are the smallest race at 91.5 cm (36.0 in) in snout-to-vent length (SVL) on average, while
1910:
845:
1749:
1723:
1344:
1326:
679:
387:
1568:
Peterson Field Guide to
Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition
1225:"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A Vanished Eden"
1167:
Wund, Matthew A.; Torocco, Michael E.; Zappalorti, Robert T.; Reinert, Howard K. (September 2007).
1113:
789:
618:
606:
588:
284:
55:
1845:
490:
rattlesnake pilot, thunder-and-lightning snake, thunderbolt, thunder snake, wamper, wampum snake.
453:
1626:. The Peterson Field Guide Series. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp.
1619:
1449:
1441:
1294:
1196:
744:
630:
357:
221:
85:
1120:. 2 volumes. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1,105 pp.
271:
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1188:
1147:
1121:
1091:
973:
937:
906:
898:
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687:
624:
374:
895:
A Field Guide to
Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition
1892:
1884:
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266:
1367:"Revisiting Ophidiomycosis (Snake Fungal Disease) After a Decade of Targeted Research"
550:
It has been found that
Eastern Kingsnake home ranges often show little-to-no overlap.
1927:
1827:
1541:
831:
785:
765:
473:(80.0 oz) in large specimens, of over 153 cm (60 in) in total length.
212:
75:
70:
1453:
1298:
1267:"Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis Getula Getula) Home Ranges Exhibit Limited Overlap"
1200:
1169:"Activity Ranges and Habitat Use of Lampropeltis getula getula (Eastern Kingsnakes)"
1741:
1482:
897:. (First published in 1958). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 429 pp + 48 plates.
514:
328:
1498:
1840:
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17:
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521:, where in 2014, the population had reached an estimated 20,000 individuals.
506:
427:
417:
162:
1699:
1506:
1392:
1290:
1248:
1192:
1223:
Godley, J. Steve; Halstead, Brian J.; McDiarmid, Roy W. (December 1, 2017).
659:
600:
303:
172:
102:
1806:
1410:
604:). Among the non-venomous snakes preyed upon include common garter snakes (
426:
to the United States. It has long been a favorite among collectors. Four
1871:
1693:
1282:
934:
The
Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians
594:
582:
423:
142:
122:
1654:
875:
1767:
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510:
420:
132:
1483:"Discrimination in the Eastern Kingsnake Lampropeltis Getulus Getulus"
1780:
112:
1670:
568:
eats other snakes, including venomous snakes such as copperheads (
452:
441:
152:
1570:. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp.
1754:
1674:
1624:
A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition
638:(such as white-footed mice ), which it kills by constriction.
1530:
Lampropeltis getula. Tempe, Arizona: Tricolor Books. 436 pp.
1664:
49:
This snake was found predating a diamondback terrapin nest.
701:
1594:
Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification
1438:
10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[343:ARAHUO]2.0.CO;2
1185:
10.1656/1092-6194(2007)14[343:ARAHUO]2.0.CO;2
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1349:
Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada
936:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. LCCCN 79-2217.
1683:
1481:Kleinginna, Paul R.; Seamens, Joe (January 1980).
1265:Steen, David A.; Smith, Lora L. (September 2009).
1118:Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada
846:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T67662588A67662645.en
1260:
1258:
8:
1466:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1109:
1107:
925:
923:
553:Some studies show that Eastern Kingsnakes (
464:Adult specimens of the speckled kingsnake,
1671:
1144:Wildlife of Madeira and the Canary Islands
64:
40:
31:
1638:, pp. 364–366 + Plate 44 + Map 153).
1400:
1382:
1351:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp. (
972:. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp.
844:
449:can be quite docile even when caught wild
1552:, new species, p. 382). (in Latin).
1322:"Lampropeltis getula (Common Kingsnake)"
1030:"Lampropeltis getula (Common Kingsnake)"
430:are currently recognized, including the
1528:Common Kingsnakes: A Natural History of
1006:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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1096:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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7:
1657:. Accessed July 14, 2008 {{{year}}}.
878:. Accessed June 29, 2008 {{{year}}}.
1934:IUCN Red List least concern species
1241:10.1655/herpmonographs-d-16-00006.1
970:Living Snakes of the World in Color
832:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1944:Fauna of the Eastern United States
1596:. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp.
674:Long a favorite among collectors,
25:
1665:Florida Museum of Natural History
1487:The Journal of General Psychology
1548:Stockholm: L. Salvius. 532 pp. (
795:Apalachicola Lowlands kingsnake
89:
1371:Frontiers in Veterinary Science
713:
710:
707:
704:
1964:Reptiles of the Canary Islands
800:Apalachicola Lowlands, Florida
1:
1949:Reptiles of the United States
1655:Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
1499:10.1080/00221309.1980.9920974
876:Reptarium.cz Reptile Database
1146:. Wild Guides. p. 164.
1130:Lampropeltis getulus getulus
1044:"Lampropeltis getula getula"
915:Lampropeltis getulus getulus
513:. It has been introduced to
1954:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
592:), and other rattlesnakes (
1980:
1959:Reptiles described in 1766
1582:, p. 379 + Plate 34).
503:southeastern United States
1667:. Accessed June 29, 2008.
1384:10.3389/fvets.2021.665805
1229:Herpetological Monographs
644:Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola
336:Lampropeltis getula goini
227:
220:
201:
194:
86:Scientific classification
84:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
839:: e.T67662588A67662645.
821:Hammerson, G.A. (2019).
622:), smooth earth snakes (
404:, commonly known as the
324:Triaeniopholis arenarius
1426:Northeastern Naturalist
1271:Southeastern Naturalist
1173:Northeastern Naturalist
616:), ring-necked snakes (
610:), common watersnakes (
571:Agkistrodon contortrix
461:
450:
1054:on February 24, 2001.
459:Dixie County, Florida
457:Florida kingsnake in
456:
445:
1616:, pp. 180–181).
1353:Lampropeltis getulus
1327:Animal Diversity Web
1283:10.1656/058.008.0316
1142:John Bowler (2018).
1116:, Wright AA (1957).
968:Mehrtens JM (1987).
946:Lampropeltis getulus
628:), and worm snakes (
538:with thick layer of
1729:Lampropeltis_getula
1715:Lampropeltis getula
1685:Lampropeltis getula
1650:Lampropeltis getula
1636:Lampropeltis getula
1614:Lampropeltis getula
1580:Lampropeltis getula
1000:Lampropeltis getula
871:Lampropeltis getula
825:Lampropeltis getula
732:Brooks's kingsnake
619:Diadophis punctatus
607:Thamnophis sirtalis
589:Sistrurus catenatus
432:nominate subspecies
401:Lampropeltis getula
382:Lampropeltis getula
365:Lampropeltis getula
352:Lampropeltis getula
205:Lampropeltis getula
56:Conservation status
1355:, "Food", p. 176).
932:, King FW (1979).
771:eastern kingsnake
631:Carphophis amoenus
462:
451:
35:Eastern kingsnake
1921:
1920:
1880:Open Tree of Life
1677:Taxon identifiers
1661:Eastern Kingsnake
1632:978-0-395-98272-3
1576:978-0-544-12997-9
1048:www.flmnh.ufl.edu
805:
804:
751:Florida kingsnake
625:Virginia valeriae
485:Common names for
416:, is a harmless
406:eastern kingsnake
397:
396:
279:Ophibolus getulus
257:Coronella Getulus
240:Ophibolus getulus
79:
16:(Redirected from
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1078:on July 14, 2014
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501:is found in the
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1550:Coluber getulus
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1153:9780691170763
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1138:
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1127:
1126:0-8014-0463-0
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978:0-8069-6460-X
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942:0-394-50824-6
939:
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911:0-395-19977-8
908:
905:(hardcover),
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903:0-395-19979-4
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723:
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721:L. g. brooksi
718:
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692:Mexican black
689:
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77:
72:
71:Least Concern
61:
57:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1939:Lampropeltis
1684:
1649:
1635:
1623:
1613:
1593:
1590:Brodie ED Jr
1579:
1567:
1549:
1545:
1527:
1490:
1486:
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1462:cite journal
1429:
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1232:
1228:
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1073:the original
1060:
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1047:
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999:
969:
945:
933:
914:
894:
870:
852:November 19,
850:. Retrieved
836:
830:
824:
816:
780:L. g. meansi
778:
760:L. g. getula
759:
739:
719:
711:Common name
694:kingsnakes.
675:
673:
670:In captivity
664:L. g. getula
663:
655:
654:
651:Reproduction
642:
640:
636:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
581:
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569:
565:
564:
555:L. g. getula
554:
552:
549:
545:
534:
528:
515:Gran Canaria
498:
497:
486:
484:
481:Common names
475:
470:L. g. getula
469:
465:
463:
447:L. g. getula
446:
413:
409:
405:
400:
399:
398:
381:
364:
351:
335:
323:
310:
302:
299:— Cope, 1892
294:
291:
278:
256:
239:
230:
204:
202:
186:
185:
174:Lampropeltis
173:
29:
1841:NatureServe
1776:iNaturalist
1709:Wikispecies
1620:Stebbins RC
705:Subspecies
577:Micruroides
540:leaf litter
438:Description
1928:Categories
1564:Collins JT
1542:Linnaeus C
1377:: 665805.
1341:Schmidt KP
917:, p. 202).
808:References
708:Authority
698:Subspecies
680:California
507:New Jersey
428:subspecies
163:Colubridae
149:Suborder:
1507:0022-1309
1393:2297-1769
1291:1528-7092
1249:0733-1347
1235:(1): 47.
1193:1092-6194
1114:Wright AH
930:Behler JL
745:Blanchard
676:L. getula
660:oviparous
656:L. getula
601:Sistrurus
566:L. getula
535:L. getula
499:L. getula
487:L. getula
329:F. Werner
317:Boulenger
304:ex errore
292:Ophilobus
181:Species:
153:Serpentes
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
1846:2.894223
1833:67662588
1794:10642023
1694:Wikidata
1622:(2003).
1592:(1982).
1586:Smith HM
1566:(2016).
1560:Conant R
1556:Powell R
1544:(1766).
1526:(2009).
1454:84312480
1411:34136555
1347:(1941).
1345:Davis DD
1299:85945120
1201:84312480
1092:cite web
1082:July 26,
1011:June 29,
893:(1975).
891:Conant R
768:, 1766)
766:Linnaeus
595:Crotalus
583:Micrurus
531:habitats
418:colubrid
358:Stebbins
222:Synonyms
213:Linnaeus
159:Family:
143:Squamata
133:Reptilia
123:Chordata
119:Phylum:
113:Animalia
99:Domain:
76:IUCN 3.1
1911:1476274
1768:5224480
1700:Q747093
1663:at the
1653:at the
1524:Hubbs B
1446:4499924
1402:8200636
874:at the
792:, 2006
747:, 1919
729:, 1919
727:Barbour
688:Florida
684:Brooks'
525:Habitat
517:in the
511:Florida
424:endemic
421:species
375:Collins
295:getulus
215:, 1766)
169:Genus:
139:Order:
129:Class:
74: (
1898:getula
1885:547409
1872:100246
1820:209247
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786:Krysko
714:range
690:, and
390:, 1994
377:, 1991
373:&
371:Conant
360:, 1985
347:, 1949
343:&
331:, 1924
319:, 1894
287:, 1875
274:, 1854
270:&
267:Bibron
252:, 1853
250:Girard
248:&
1906:WoRMS
1859:94887
1807:77791
1789:IRMNG
1781:29813
1742:3S4VP
1450:S2CID
1442:JSTOR
1295:S2CID
1197:S2CID
1076:(PDF)
1069:(PDF)
412:, or
388:Liner
345:Allen
341:Neill
246:Baird
1854:NCBI
1828:IUCN
1815:ITIS
1763:GBIF
1628:ISBN
1606:ISBN
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1572:ISBN
1532:ISBN
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1407:PMID
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1084:2012
1013:2008
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854:2021
837:2019
798:the
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598:and
580:and
561:Diet
285:Cope
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1750:EoL
1737:CoL
1724:ADW
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