386:
62:
226:
1412:, which is Australia's highest formal governmental body. In practice, the Federal Executive Council meets solely to endorse and give legal force to decisions already made by the cabinet. All members of the cabinet are members of the Executive Council. A senior member of the cabinet holds the office of vice-president of the Executive Council and acts as presiding officer of the Executive Council in the absence of the governor-general.
391:
1039:
163:
1482:, and the prime minister would retain the right to allocate portfolios. This practice was followed until 2007. Between 1907 and 2007, Labor prime ministers exercised a predominant influence over who was elected to Labor ministries, although the leaders of the party factions also exercised considerable influence. However, in 2007 Prime Minister
1525:
in 1931, always appointed according to the advice of federal ministers, rather than
British ministers). Members of the government do not exercise executive power of their own accord but are instead appointed by the governor-general as ministers, formally as the "Queen's Ministers of State". As such,
1308:
Unlike the other two branches of government, however, membership of the executive is not clearly defined. One definition describes the executive as a pyramid, consisting of three layers. At the top stands The King, as the symbolic apex and formal repository of executive power. Below him lies a second
1520:
formulation) to the "dignified" rather than the "efficient" part of government. While the executive power of the
Commonwealth is formally vested in the monarch, the Constitution requires those powers to be exercisable by a governor-general, appointed by the monarch as their representative (but since
1384:
Ministers drawn from the
Australian Parliament form the core of the Australian Government. A subset of these ministers form the Cabinet, the de facto highest executive body of the government. Ministers not part of Cabinet belong to the outer ministry. Additionally, there are also assistant ministers
1335:
in nature. The key distinction is that while legislative power involves setting down rules of general application, executive power involves applying those rules to specific situations. In practice, however, this definition is difficult to apply as many actions by executive agencies are wide-ranging,
1568:
The
Federal Executive Council is the body that formally advises the governor-general in the exercise of executive power. Decisions of the body give legal effect to decisions already deliberated at cabinet. All current and formers ministers are members of the council, although only current ministers
1408:. Cabinet meetings are strictly private and occur once a week where vital issues are discussed and policy formulated. The Cabinet is not a legal entity; it exists solely by convention. Its decisions do not in and of themselves have legal force. However, it serves as the practical expression of the
1284:
argues that the government was also motivated by a desire to blur the differences between the
Commonwealth and the states in an attempt to increase federal power. The Parliament of Australia website also notes that the name "Australian Government" is preferable in order to avoid confusion with the
5473:
1654:
1304:
The government's primary role, in its executive capacity, is to implement the laws passed by the
Parliament. However, laws are frequently drafted according to the interests of the executive branch as the government often also controls the legislative branch.
3004:
1540:
However, in all these cases, except for certain reserve powers, the King and the governor-general must follow the advice of the prime minister or other ministers in the exercise of his powers. Powers subject to the governor-general’s discretion are known as
1545:
While certain reserve powers, such as the ability to choose the prime minister most likely to command the confidence of the lower house, are uncontroversial, others are subject to much greater debate. The most notable example of their use occurring in
1403:
The cabinet consists of the prime minister and senior ministers and makes most of the important policy decisions of the government. Members of the cabinet are selected by the prime minister and may be added or removed at any time, usually through a
2035:
1368:, as powers "peculiarly adapted to the government of a nation and which cannot otherwise be carried on for the benefit of the nation". They have been found to include the power to provide financial stimulus payments to households
3034:
1859:"is thought to indicate that we are still dependent on Britain" and that the use of a variety of terms including "National", "Federal", "Commonwealth" and "Australian" was irrational and confusing. Later Country Party Senator
3439:
3313:
2552:
1347:
As most executive power is granted by statute, the executive power of the government is similarly limited to those areas in which the
Commonwealth is granted the power to legislate under the Constitution (primarily under
3130:
1526:
while government ministers make most major decisions in cabinet, if those decisions require the formal endorsement of the governor-general in council, those decisions do not have legal force until approved by the
1989:
1415:
The cabinet meets not only in
Canberra but also in state capitals, most frequently Sydney and Melbourne. Kevin Rudd was in favour of the Cabinet meeting in other places, such as major regional cities. There are
2996:
2974:
2213:
3385:
4986:
1467:, the leader of the junior Coalition party has had the right to nominate their party's members of the Coalition ministry, and to be consulted by the prime minister on the allocation of their portfolios.
5423:
2587:
1609:
2149:
1289:
by those not familiar with
Australia's system of government. This terminology remains preferred by the government. However, the terms Commonwealth Government and federal government are also common.
5418:
1599:
1554:
dismissed the prime minister and government due to his conclusion that the government had failed to secure supply. The propriety of the use of the powers during that event remain highly contested.
2027:
5438:
1478:, Watson assumed the right to choose members of his cabinet. In 1907, however, the party decided that future Labor cabinets would be elected by the members of the Parliamentary Labor Party, the
5384:
2670:
760:
1344:. Ultimately whether power is executive or legislative is determined on a case-by-case basis, and involves the weighing up of various factors, rather than the application of a strict test.
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5488:
3153:
2119:
1828:
1659:
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1113:
817:
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3294:
3026:
2415:
2544:
2092:
5003:
747:
682:
1634:
839:
3950:
1967:
439:
418:
2935:
2179:
4211:
3892:
2458:
1624:
812:
575:
565:
3499:
3122:
1427:
Until 1956 all members of the ministry were members of the cabinet. The growth of the ministry in the 1940s and 1950s made this increasingly impractical, and in 1956
5377:
4884:
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602:
592:
5508:
3857:
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3887:
2708:
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584:
2575:
3353:
2141:
5413:
5154:
3201:
1604:
471:
1357:
1349:
1106:
797:
1214:, the key decision-making organ of the government that forms policy and decides the agenda of the government. Members of the government can exercise both
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4185:
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1417:
687:
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1207:
who has the support of a majority of members in the House of
Representatives. By convention, the prime minister is a member of the lower house.
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5393:
4931:
4741:
4549:
4463:
3943:
1669:
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1280:
legislated the use of "Government of Australia" in 1973 in line with its policy of promoting national goals and aspirations. However, academic
1099:
710:
140:
2111:
1156:. The executive government consists of the prime minister and other ministers that currently have the support of a majority of members of the
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4667:
3569:
3307:
3258:
2947:
2664:
2520:
2394:
1843:
1563:
1527:
1409:
1080:
336:
4483:
4478:
4473:
5483:
4943:
3867:
3711:
1688:
431:
3056:
913:
2749:
1336:
binding and conducted independently of Parliament. The executive can also be delegated legislative power through provisions allowing for
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5169:
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4423:
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3848:
3804:
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1823:
1723:
1693:
1619:
1309:
layer made up of the prime minister, cabinet and other ministers who in practice lead the executive. Finally, the bottom layer includes
1157:
728:
407:
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5337:
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4448:
4367:
4226:
3862:
2440:
2065:
1639:
807:
318:
4015:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3975:
5443:
5428:
4879:
4780:
4680:
4600:
4534:
3936:
2628:
1771:
1629:
1614:
905:
742:
3521:
2283:
5535:
4607:
4544:
4529:
1728:
1181:
892:
669:
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659:
654:
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5463:
4103:
2239:
1959:
5048:
4847:
4837:
4773:
4514:
4488:
4377:
3837:
2875:
2794:
1744:
As of March 2024, the following Corporate Commonwealth entities are prescribed as Government Business Enterprises (GBEs):
1486:, assumed the power to choose the ministry alone. Later, the caucus regained this power in 2013. According to reporting by the
1369:
985:
970:
700:
482:
450:
928:
5134:
5033:
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4731:
4637:
4443:
4403:
4337:
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4289:
4246:
3897:
3832:
2880:
2367:
2171:
1452:
830:
792:
715:
1356:, such as the power to declare war and enter into treaties. Finally, there exists certain "nationhood powers", implied from
943:
938:
5284:
5201:
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4926:
4919:
4790:
4736:
4539:
4519:
4256:
3822:
3812:
3782:
3631:
2583:
2251:
1570:
1511:
1479:
1196:
1005:
980:
773:
677:
344:
270:
110:
3182:
5269:
5063:
4800:
4763:
4642:
4632:
4504:
4357:
4312:
3917:
2491:
1733:
1551:
1238:
1226:, this also requires the actions of the government in its executive capacity to be subject to scrutiny from parliament.
787:
5478:
5038:
4996:
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4938:
4685:
4652:
4580:
4352:
4332:
4178:
3491:
1703:
1464:
1460:
1188:
1085:
301:
118:
95:
4322:
3383:
Trade Agreement between the Governments of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
2685:
5104:
5008:
4862:
4817:
4721:
3730:
2825:
1448:
1246:
1230:
1015:
869:
557:
513:
175:
30:
This article is about the federal executive government of Australia. For the political structure of Australia, see
1867:
due to the government's wish for a unitary, rather than federal, political structure. However, government Senator
1431:
created a two-tier ministry, with only senior ministers holding cabinet rank, also known within parliament as the
5224:
5181:
5129:
5028:
4874:
4842:
4758:
4748:
4716:
4396:
4236:
1813:
1753:
1262:
1143:
975:
235:
2201:
1265:
is the "Government of the Commonwealth". This was the name used in many early federal government publications.
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385:
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4453:
4206:
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2483:
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1872:
1681:
1361:
1273:
1250:
1153:
1020:
1000:
995:
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377:
367:
151:
2342:
5196:
5174:
5149:
5114:
5094:
5058:
4896:
4867:
4857:
4832:
4795:
4726:
4563:
4458:
4221:
4171:
4113:
3827:
2289:
2006:
Colloquially, all members of the parliamentary party that support the current government are described as
1789:
1471:
1456:
1281:
1223:
1192:
1177:
1165:
1070:
1050:
1025:
1010:
965:
755:
628:
610:
495:
463:
3469:
3431:
2841:
1272:
indicated his preference for the name "Australian Government" in order to prevent confusion with the new
5259:
5191:
5089:
5043:
4827:
4812:
4699:
4585:
4372:
4271:
3690:
1871:
stated that the change occurred due to a "loss of identity of Australia" following the emergence of the
1801:
1507:
1365:
1337:
1293:
1286:
1200:
956:
538:
254:
211:
31:
3419:
3341:
3277:
2686:"The Commonwealth Executive Power: Historical Constitutional Origins and the Future of the Prerogative"
2308:
1842:
The only exceptions to this occurring in 1901, before the first parliament was elected, and during the
1516:
The King is not involved with the day-to-day operations of the government, belonging (according to the
5503:
5323:
5294:
5216:
5053:
5023:
4959:
4914:
4627:
4622:
4590:
4575:
4431:
4347:
4266:
3158:
3061:
2097:
1398:
1211:
1204:
1150:
737:
354:
129:
3609:
1990:"Which members of the government are considered a part of the Executive government and the Cabinet?"
1902:
5244:
5186:
5018:
4981:
4711:
4261:
4251:
4241:
4231:
4133:
4128:
4123:
3659:
3092:
2576:"Explainer: what is executive government and what does it have to do with the Voice to Parliament?"
2326:
1784:
1169:
874:
3673:
3645:
1875:
and that the new name "is paralleling the feelings of nationalism which are arising in Australia".
1573:
usually presides at council meetings, but in his or her absence another minister nominated as the
5346:
5304:
5279:
5264:
5254:
5249:
5239:
5206:
5109:
5013:
4617:
4612:
4342:
4294:
4216:
4108:
4093:
4078:
4073:
4053:
2997:"Why is it that the Prime Minister and Cabinet are not mentioned in the Australian Constitution?"
2816:
2634:
1860:
1436:
1373:
1341:
1277:
1139:
548:
543:
50:
2908:
3410:
3400:
was historically used occasionally in formal legal contexts to refer to the federal government.
2265:
1577:
presides at the meeting of the council. Since 1 June 2022, the vice-president has been senator
61:
5234:
4976:
4118:
4098:
4083:
4068:
4048:
4043:
4020:
3980:
3970:
3725:
3557:
3303:
3254:
2943:
2853:
2734:
2660:
2624:
2526:
2516:
2390:
2363:
1405:
1353:
1328:
1215:
1075:
1060:
399:
347:
3223:
2821:
1447:
The prime minister's power to select the ministry differs depending on their party. When the
5362:
5351:
4785:
4088:
4033:
4025:
3754:
3302:(7th ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of the House of Representatives. p. 2.
3167:
3070:
2700:
2614:
2497:
2400:
1522:
1173:
1043:
705:
615:
309:
99:
2799:
2781:
1222:(as ministers on behalf of the governor-general and the King). However, in accordance with
225:
4063:
4010:
3985:
3229:
1655:
Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts
1320:
1310:
1219:
1055:
595:
528:
516:
3591:
5229:
3219:
2942:(7th ed.). Department of the House of Representatives. Parliamentary Secretaries.
2384:
1748:
1595:
As of 17 August 2024, there are 16 departments of the Australian Government.
1578:
1517:
1428:
1421:
1332:
1314:
1269:
568:
390:
326:
17:
5529:
2611:
Crown and Sword: Executive Power and the Use of Force by the Australian Defence Force
2487:
1868:
1547:
1389:), responsible for a specific policy area, reporting directly to a cabinet minister.
533:
523:
1534:
1475:
474:
5299:
5159:
4153:
4149:
1763:
1495:
1432:
442:
262:
3251:
Government powers under a Federal Constitution: Constitutional Law in Australia
2513:
Government powers under a Federal Constitution: constitutional law in Australia
2227:
1323:
is also difficult to clearly define. In the British context, it was defined by
4145:
2886:
2638:
2530:
1537:
before being enacted, as the monarch is a constituent part of the Parliament.
1491:
1483:
1324:
1147:
849:
453:
421:
278:
114:
1498:
factions proportionally according to their representation in the Parliament.
5474:
Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts
4419:
3234:
990:
410:
3928:
3253:(2nd ed.). Pyrmont, NSW: Lawbook Co (Thomas Reuters). pp. 283–6.
2360:
The Power of Speech, Australian Prime Ministers defining the national image
3767:
4163:
1234:
244:
179:
2619:
2764:
1934:
2704:
4388:
1779:
190:
3432:"Who has more power, the Governor-General or the Prime Minister?"
2854:"Appointments revoked, appointments made by the Governor-General"
1719:
The following corporations are prescribed by Acts of Parliament:
1435:. This practice has been continued by all governments except the
3202:"What are Labor's factions and who's who in the Left and Right?"
2328:
Parliamentary Debates: House of Representatives Official Hansard
5366:
4392:
4167:
3932:
3771:
3758:
1610:
Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water
1203:'s representative). The governor-general normally appoints the
1164:) and in some contexts also includes the departments and other
2860:. Australian Government. 31 May 2023. Gazette ID: C2023G00600.
900:
3398:
His/Her Majesty's Government in the Commonwealth of Australia
2315:. Vol. 1965, no. 42. 20 October 1965. p. 1976.
1759:
The following Commonwealth companies are prescribed as GBEs:
1352:). They also retain certain powers traditionally part of the
1533:
Similarly, laws passed by both houses of parliament require
224:
2545:"Separation of powers: Parliament, Executive and Judiciary"
2459:"1. Introduction to Australia and its system of government"
1680:
Additionally, there are four departments which support the
3741:
2416:"'What's the difference?': explaining parliamentary terms"
1855:
Whitlam had previously argued in Parliament that the term
3529:
Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet of Australia
2496:. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 699 – via
2493:
The Annotated Constitution of the Australian Commonwealth
1229:
The government is headquartered in the executive wing of
4156:(1967–1968), see their respective biographical articles.
2784: at para 19 of Mason J's opinion, (1975) 134 CLR 338
1829:
Timeline of the expansion of federal powers in Australia
1294:
all public agencies that exercise the power of the State
4144:
For information about the caretaker governments led by
1420:
in each state capital, with those in Sydney located in
3183:"No more coups against Labor PMs under new Rudd rules"
2515:(2nd ed.). Pyrmont, NSW: Lawbook Co. p. 3.
2093:
The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia
1935:"Infosheet 19 - The House, government and opposition"
1863:
accused the Whitlam Government of favouring the term
3748:
3225:
The English constitution: and Other Political Essays
2028:"Infosheet 20 - The Australian system of government"
5215:
5076:
4958:
4905:
4698:
4666:
4562:
4497:
4430:
4303:
4280:
4199:
3876:
3846:
3803:
2657:
Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills
185:
170:
157:
147:
135:
125:
106:
91:
73:
68:
41:
2282:
1530:, which is presided over by the governor-general.
1292:In some contexts, the term "government" refers to
1210:The prime minister and cabinet ministers form the
5424:Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water
1600:Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
1372:and the power to prevent "unlawful non-citizens"
1313:, police, government departments and independent
3289:Wright, B. C.; Fowler, P. E., eds. (June 2018).
2010:, however only ministers formally belong to the
1625:Department of Employment and Workplace Relations
3127:House of Representatives Practice (7th edition)
3057:"Cutting bureaucracy won't hurt services: Rudd"
3031:House of Representatives Practice (7th edition)
2971:House of Representatives Practice (7th edition)
2735:"Nationhood and Section 61 of the Constitution"
2653:"Inappropriate Delegation of Legislative Power"
2824:, (2001) 110 FCR 491 (18 September 2001),
2362:. Melbourne University Press. pp. 89–90.
2344:Parliamentary Debates: Senate Official Hansard
1296:, whether legislative, executive or judicial.
1218:(through their control of the parliament) and
5378:
4404:
4179:
3944:
3783:
3371:Van Heyningen v Netherlands-Indies Government
2414:Lundie, Rob; Horne, Nicholas (22 July 2020).
2389:. Sydney: Federation Press. pp. 113–14.
1903:"Budget Paper 1: Budget Strategy and Outlook"
1715:Corporations prescribed by acts of parliament
1650:Department of Industry, Science and Resources
1502:The role of the King and the governor-general
1490:, ministerial positions are allocated by the
1107:
585:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
8:
3646:Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983
1660:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
1550:of 1975. In that case, the Governor-General
3697:. Australian Government. 27 September 2023.
5385:
5371:
5363:
5082:
4964:
4704:
4568:
4436:
4411:
4397:
4389:
4186:
4172:
4164:
3951:
3937:
3929:
3790:
3776:
3768:
3755:
3492:"Reserve Powers and the Whitlam dismissal"
2742:University of Western Australia Law Review
2210:Australian Trade and Investment Commission
1996:. Australian Government. 14 December 2023.
1966:. Australian Government. 13 October 2023.
1694:Department of the House of Representatives
1114:
1100:
198:
5394:List of Australian Government departments
3760:Articles related to Australian Government
3660:Clean Energy Finance Corporation Act 2012
3522:"Federal Executive Council Handbook 2021"
3360:. Australian Government. 21 January 1944.
3354:"Australian - New Zealand Agreement 1944"
3233:
2934:Elder, David; Wright, B. C. (June 2018).
2693:University of New South Wales Law Journal
2618:
2313:House of Representatives Official Hansard
3466:The Parliamentary Education Office (PEO)
3436:The Parliamentary Education Office (PEO)
3093:"Commonwealth Parliament Offices (CPOs)"
2574:Appleby, Gabrielle (14 September 2023).
1317:who directly implement policy and laws.
3358:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
2463:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
1893:
1835:
1796:Other public non-financial corporations
1635:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
1575:vice-president of the Executive Council
840:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
234:
210:
204:This article is part of a series on the
3685:
3683:
3598:. Australian Government. 29 July 2024.
3129:. Parliament of Australia. June 2018.
3097:Ministerial and Parliamentary Services
3033:. Parliament of Australia. June 2018.
2973:. Parliament of Australia. June 2018.
2673:from the original on 29 November 2023.
2038:from the original on 22 September 2023
1591:List of Australian Government entities
38:
3674:Special Broadcasting Service Act 1991
2961:
2959:
2869:
2867:
2755:from the original on 14 November 2023
2714:from the original on 18 November 2023
2590:from the original on 14 November 2023
2309:"Question: Commonwealth of Australia"
2277:
2275:
2182:from the original on 26 November 2023
2152:from the original on 12 December 2023
1970:from the original on 15 November 2023
1844:1975 Australian constitutional crisis
1564:Federal Executive Council (Australia)
7:
3319:from the original on 20 January 2024
3228:. New York: Appleton & Company.
2555:from the original on 31 October 2023
2122:from the original on 26 October 2023
2058:"About the House of Representatives"
2022:
2020:
1929:
1927:
1910:Australian Government Budget 2023–24
1689:Department of Parliamentary Services
1195:and is appointed to the role by the
5419:Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
3592:"Administrative Arrangements Order"
3200:Massola, James (14 February 2021).
3164:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3067:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2909:"Albanese Government full Ministry"
2613:. Canberra: ANU Press. p. 10.
2297:(1): 1–3. 1974 – via Westlaw.
1824:States and territories of Australia
1724:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1233:, located in the nation's capital,
5439:Employment and Workplace Relations
3572:from the original on 11 March 2023
3502:from the original on 18 March 2022
3442:from the original on 25 March 2023
3152:Worsley, Ben (11 September 2007).
3133:from the original on 28 April 2023
3069:. 21 November 2007. Archived from
2977:from the original on 12 March 2023
2684:Greentree, Catherine Dale (2020).
2284:"The term 'Australian Government'"
2242:from the original on 15 April 2020
2088:"The role of the Governor-General"
1640:Department of Health and Aged Care
1459:) have been in coalition with the
1261:The name of the government in the
25:
3913:Heard Island and McDonald Islands
3691:"Government Business Enterprises"
3538:from the original on 3 March 2023
3296:House of Representatives Practice
3181:Grattan, Michelle (8 July 2013).
3154:"Rudd seizes power from factions"
3103:from the original on 26 June 2023
3037:from the original on 27 June 2023
3007:from the original on 26 June 2023
2940:House of Representatives Practice
2874:York, Barry (24 September 2015).
2659:. The Committee. September 2008.
2216:from the original on 26 May 2020.
1772:Australian Rail Track Corporation
3622:from the original on 5 June 2021
2347:. 18 October 1973. p. 1318.
2331:. 20 October 1966. p. 2048.
2142:"Ministers and shadow ministers"
1764:Australian Submarine Corporation
1729:Clean Energy Finance Corporation
1285:Commonwealth of Nations and the
1242:
1037:
893:Australia and the United Nations
389:
384:
162:
161:
60:
5469:Industry, Science and Resources
3749:Parliament of Australia website
3742:Australian government directory
3596:Federal Register of Legislation
2858:Federal Register of Legislation
2795:Pape v Commissioner of Taxation
1776:National Intermodal Corporation
1768:Australian Naval Infrastructure
1740:Government Business Enterprises
1675:Department of Veterans' Affairs
1418:Commonwealth Parliament Offices
27:Federal government of Australia
5541:Westminster system governments
4212:Federated States of Micronesia
3893:Australian Antarctic Territory
3396:In a similar vein, the phrase
3001:Parliamentary Education Office
2881:Museum of Australian Democracy
2549:Parliamentary Education Office
2202:"Australian Capital Territory"
2176:Parliamentary Education Office
2146:Parliamentary Education Office
2116:Parliamentary Education Office
1994:Parliamentary Education Office
1964:Parliamentary Education Office
1569:are summoned to meetings. The
1358:section 61 of the Constitution
1180:ministers, in place since the
1:
5414:Attorney-General's Department
3632:National Library of Australia
3558:"Senator Katy Gallagher, ACT"
2584:University of New South Wales
2252:National Library of Australia
1665:Department of Social Services
1605:Attorney-General's Department
1512:Governor-General of Australia
1140:national executive government
3858:Australian Capital Territory
3731:Resources in other libraries
3496:Rule of Law Education Centre
1901:Chalmers, Jim (9 May 2023).
1734:Special Broadcasting Service
1327:as all government power not
1245:lie in Canberra, along with
1239:Australian Capital Territory
1170:current executive government
1168:that ministers oversee. The
1081:Australian Capital Territory
743:Premiers and chief ministers
738:Governors and administrators
5479:Parliamentary Budget Office
3888:Ashmore and Cartier Islands
3618:. Parliament of Australia.
3610:"Parliamentary Departments"
3027:"Federal Executive Council"
2913:Prime Minister of Australia
2838:Ministers of State Act 1952
1939:Australian Parliament House
1704:Parliamentary Budget Office
1243:sixteen federal departments
693:Referendums and plebiscites
5557:
5489:Prime Minister and Cabinet
3462:"What are reserve powers?"
2826:Federal Court (Full Court)
1670:Department of the Treasury
1645:Department of Home Affairs
1588:
1561:
1505:
1451:and its predecessors (the
1396:
1241:. The head offices of all
748:Parliaments and assemblies
611:State and territory courts
558:Federal Court of Australia
29:
5449:Foreign Affairs and Trade
5409:
5400:
5317:
5085:
4967:
4781:Intelligence and security
4707:
4571:
4439:
4142:
3966:
3765:
3726:Resources in your library
3338:Constitution of Australia
3206:The Sydney Morning Herald
2733:Stephenson, Peta (2018).
2266:Constitution of Australia
2008:members of the government
1814:Australian Public Service
1754:Defence Housing Australia
1558:Federal Executive Council
1528:Federal Executive Council
1410:Federal Executive Council
1387:parliamentary secretaries
1374:from entering the country
1370:during a financial crisis
1263:Constitution of Australia
1144:Commonwealth of Australia
337:Federal Executive Council
166:$ 668.1 billion (2023–24)
59:
48:
5464:House of Representatives
4363:Northern Mariana Islands
3960:Governments of Australia
3566:OpenAustralia Foundation
2609:Moore, Cameroon (2017).
1819:Referendums in Australia
1699:Department of the Senate
1474:first held office under
1360:. These were defined by
1158:House of Representatives
678:Federal electoral system
432:House of Representatives
5536:Government of Australia
4328:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3903:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3798:Government of Australia
3615:Parliament of Australia
2883:at Old Parliament House
2822:[2001] FCA 1329
2782:[1975] HCA 52
2778:Victoria v Commonwealth
2420:Parliament of Australia
2236:High Court of Australia
2232:High Court of Australia
2062:Parliament of Australia
2032:Parliament of Australia
1873:Commonwealth of Nations
1710:Publicly owned entities
1682:Parliament of Australia
1620:Department of Education
1463:or its predecessor the
1274:Commonwealth of Nations
1154:constitutional monarchy
1132:Commonwealth Government
761:State electoral systems
506:High Court of Australia
152:Commonwealth Parliament
79:; 123 years ago
43:Commonwealth Government
18:Commonwealth government
5484:Parliamentary Services
5175:Indigenous Australians
4676:States and territories
4194:Governments of Oceania
2800:[2009] HCA 23
2445:Australian Style Guide
2358:Curran, James (2004).
2290:Australian Law Journal
1790:Western Sydney Airport
1457:United Australia Party
1224:responsible government
1193:head of the government
1178:Australian Labor Party
858:Diplomatic missions of
730:States and territories
229:
141:government departments
5403:Australian Government
4469:Territorial evolution
4306:and other territories
3717:Australian Government
3695:Department of Finance
3099:. 30 September 2020.
2383:Twomey, Anne (2006).
1802:Airservices Australia
1630:Department of Finance
1615:Department of Defence
1508:Monarchy of Australia
1488:Sydney Morning Herald
1443:Ministerial selection
1338:statutory instruments
1287:US federal government
1182:2022 federal election
1128:Australian Government
378:Australian Parliament
319:Deputy Prime Minister
228:
121:of the prime minister
32:Politics of Australia
5454:Health and Aged Care
4915:Cabinet of Australia
4890:Government ministers
4658:World Heritage Sites
4464:European exploration
3879:External territories
3863:Jervis Bay Territory
3849:Mainland territories
3386:[1955] ATS 5
2178:. 10 November 2023.
2148:. 10 November 2023.
2100:on 27 February 2023.
2012:executive government
1399:Cabinet of Australia
1205:parliamentary leader
1130:, also known as the
1044:Australia portal
191:Government Directory
4987:Gross state product
3249:Pyke, John (2020).
3170:on 15 October 2007.
3073:on 23 November 2007
2620:10.22459/CS.11.2017
2511:Pyke, John (2020).
2386:The Chameleon Crown
2118:. 31 October 2023.
683:Electoral divisions
77:1 January 1901
5305:Australian studies
5240:Australian English
5049:Telecommunications
4885:Government leaders
4828:Political ideology
3868:Northern Territory
3291:"Governor-General"
2817:Ruddock v Vadarlis
2441:"Government terms"
1521:the appointing of
1437:Whitlam government
1342:Henry VIII clauses
1278:Whitlam government
1136:Federal Government
1086:Northern Territory
701:Voter registration
230:
52:Federal government
5523:
5522:
5517:
5516:
5509:Veterans' Affairs
5360:
5359:
5313:
5312:
5135:Human trafficking
5072:
5071:
4954:
4953:
4754:Foreign relations
4694:
4693:
4558:
4557:
4505:Asian Australians
4386:
4385:
4378:Wallis and Futuna
4323:Clipperton Island
4281:Associated states
4161:
4160:
3926:
3925:
3908:Coral Sea Islands
3838:Western Australia
3712:Library resources
3562:OpenAustralia.org
3309:978-1-74366-654-8
3260:978-0-455-24415-0
2949:978-1-74366-656-2
2705:10.53637/GJLF5868
2666:978-0-642-71951-5
2522:978-0-455-24415-0
2396:978-1-86287-629-3
1453:Nationalist Party
1406:cabinet reshuffle
1354:royal prerogative
1268:However, in 1965
1216:legislative power
1124:
1123:
1066:Western Australia
880:Visa requirements
832:Foreign relations
818:Political parties
716:Political funding
711:Political parties
348:Albanese ministry
215:
197:
196:
16:(Redirected from
5548:
5387:
5380:
5373:
5364:
5340:
5333:
5326:
5202:Waste management
5083:
5004:Household income
4965:
4927:Governor-General
4737:Electoral system
4705:
4569:
4437:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4390:
4368:Pitcairn Islands
4338:French Polynesia
4318:Christmas Island
4247:Papua New Guinea
4227:Marshall Islands
4200:Sovereign states
4188:
4181:
4174:
4165:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3930:
3898:Christmas Island
3881:
3851:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3769:
3756:
3751:
3744:
3699:
3698:
3687:
3678:
3670:
3664:
3656:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3537:
3526:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3472:on 12 March 2023
3468:. Archived from
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3428:
3422:
3407:
3401:
3394:
3388:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3350:
3344:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3318:
3301:
3286:
3280:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3187:The Conversation
3178:
3172:
3171:
3166:. Archived from
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2963:
2954:
2953:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2885:. Archived from
2871:
2862:
2861:
2850:
2844:
2835:
2829:
2813:
2807:
2791:
2785:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2739:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2713:
2690:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2622:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2498:Internet Archive
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2447:. 31 March 2023.
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2401:Internet Archive
2380:
2374:
2373:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2279:
2270:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2112:"Prime Minister"
2108:
2102:
2101:
2096:. Archived from
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2068:on 12 March 2023
2064:. Archived from
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2024:
2015:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1907:
1898:
1876:
1853:
1847:
1840:
1571:governor-general
1523:Sir Isaac Isaacs
1315:statutory bodies
1247:Parliament House
1231:Parliament House
1197:governor-general
1174:Anthony Albanese
1166:executive bodies
1116:
1109:
1102:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1006:Multiculturalism
981:Environmentalism
959:
847:Foreign Minister
833:
776:
775:Local government
731:
706:Leadership spill
638:Recent elections
631:
616:Law of Australia
498:
393:
388:
370:
310:Anthony Albanese
294:
271:Governor-General
247:
218:
213:
205:
199:
193:
176:Parliament House
174:Executive wing,
165:
164:
111:Governor-General
100:Anthony Albanese
87:
85:
80:
64:
53:
44:
39:
21:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5545:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5494:Social Services
5405:
5396:
5391:
5361:
5356:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5309:
5270:Public holidays
5211:
5155:Life expectancy
5068:
4950:
4901:
4690:
4662:
4648:Protected areas
4554:
4493:
4426:
4417:
4387:
4382:
4305:
4299:
4282:
4276:
4257:Solomon Islands
4195:
4192:
4162:
4157:
4138:
3962:
3957:
3927:
3922:
3877:
3872:
3847:
3842:
3823:South Australia
3813:New South Wales
3799:
3796:
3761:
3747:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3708:
3703:
3702:
3689:
3688:
3681:
3671:
3667:
3657:
3653:
3643:
3639:
3625:
3623:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3505:
3503:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3408:
3404:
3395:
3391:
3381:
3377:
3369:
3365:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3299:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3272:
3268:
3261:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3220:Bagehot, Walter
3218:
3217:
3213:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3106:
3104:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3038:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2965:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2892:
2890:
2889:on 26 June 2023
2873:
2872:
2865:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2836:
2832:
2814:
2810:
2792:
2788:
2776:
2772:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2688:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2667:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2631:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2593:
2591:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2523:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2424:
2422:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2397:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2370:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2263:
2259:
2245:
2243:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2206:Study Australia
2200:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2071:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2005:
2001:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1933:
1932:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1854:
1850:
1841:
1837:
1810:
1798:
1742:
1717:
1712:
1593:
1587:
1566:
1560:
1543:reserve powers.
1514:
1506:Main articles:
1504:
1445:
1401:
1395:
1382:
1321:Executive power
1311:public servants
1302:
1300:Executive power
1259:
1220:executive power
1120:
1091:
1090:
1071:South Australia
1051:New South Wales
1038:
1036:
1031:
1030:
961:
957:
949:
948:
910:
897:
889:
870:Nationality law
866:
854:
835:
831:
823:
822:
778:
774:
766:
765:
752:
733:
729:
721:
720:
697:
674:
633:
629:
621:
620:
607:
596:Will Alstergren
580:
553:
517:Stephen Gageler
500:
496:
488:
487:
483:Shadow Ministry
459:
427:
395:
372:
368:
360:
359:
332:
296:
292:
284:
283:
249:
245:
216:
212:
203:
189:
83:
81:
78:
55:
51:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5554:
5552:
5544:
5543:
5538:
5528:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5367:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5349:
5342:
5341:
5334:
5327:
5319:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5221:
5219:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5086:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5064:Welfare system
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5039:Superannuation
5036:
5034:Stock exchange
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4997:Public housing
4992:Home ownership
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4968:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4939:Prime Minister
4936:
4935:
4934:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4911:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4897:Shadow Cabinet
4894:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4877:
4875:Public Service
4872:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
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1422:1 Bligh Street
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569:Debra Mortimer
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2915:. 31 May 2022
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1869:Lionel Murphy
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1549:
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1462:
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1449:Liberal Party
1442:
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1016:Republicanism
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593:Chief Justice
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566:Chief Justice
564:
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514:Chief Justice
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5459:Home Affairs
5402:
5338:Bibliography
5225:Architecture
5182:Prostitution
5165:Demographics
5130:Homelessness
5029:Reserve Bank
4906:
4843:Conservatism
4791:Constitution
4759:Human rights
4717:Constitution
4668:Subdivisions
4449:Bibliography
4304:Dependencies
4290:Cook Islands
3959:
3716:
3694:
3672:
3668:
3658:
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3644:
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3624:. Retrieved
3613:
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3474:. Retrieved
3470:the original
3465:
3456:
3444:. Retrieved
3435:
3426:
3416:Constitution
3415:
3411:Constitution
3409:
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3370:
3366:
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3348:
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3333:
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3295:
3284:
3274:Constitution
3273:
3269:
3250:
3244:
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3214:
3205:
3195:
3186:
3176:
3168:the original
3157:
3147:
3135:. Retrieved
3126:
3117:
3105:. Retrieved
3096:
3087:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:the original
3060:
3051:
3039:. Retrieved
3030:
3021:
3009:. Retrieved
3000:
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2970:
2939:
2929:
2917:. Retrieved
2912:
2903:
2891:. Retrieved
2887:the original
2879:
2857:
2848:
2837:
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2777:
2773:
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2745:
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2696:
2692:
2679:
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2647:
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2604:
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2548:
2539:
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2462:
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2419:
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2264:
2260:
2250:– via
2244:. Retrieved
2231:
2228:"Contact us"
2222:
2205:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2175:
2166:
2154:. Retrieved
2145:
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2115:
2106:
2098:the original
2091:
2082:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:the original
2052:
2040:. Retrieved
2031:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1963:
1960:"Government"
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1938:
1914:. Retrieved
1912:. p. 90
1909:
1896:
1865:Commonwealth
1864:
1857:Commonwealth
1856:
1851:
1838:
1758:
1743:
1718:
1679:
1594:
1567:
1542:
1539:
1535:royal assent
1532:
1515:
1487:
1476:Chris Watson
1469:
1446:
1426:
1414:
1402:
1386:
1383:
1346:
1319:
1307:
1303:
1291:
1267:
1260:
1228:
1209:
1186:
1172:consists of
1161:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1125:
976:Conservatism
862:in Australia
756:State courts
688:By-elections
637:
583:
556:
504:
475:Peter Dutton
462:
430:
398:
383:
376:
335:
317:
300:
291:
269:
253:
236:Constitution
202:
171:Headquarters
107:Appointed by
36:
5300:Anglosphere
5140:Immigration
5105:Citizenship
4972:Agriculture
4858:Nationalism
4801:Enforcement
4774:Transgender
4608:Earthquakes
4596:Environment
4530:Immigration
4459:Archaeology
4237:New Zealand
4154:John McEwen
4152:(1945) and
4150:Frank Forde
3414:(Cth) s 1;
3373:St R Qd 54.
3323:29 November
3077:28 November
2828:(Australia)
2759:14 November
2718:14 November
2594:14 November
2484:Quick, John
2425:28 February
2186:26 November
2156:26 November
2126:26 November
2042:26 November
1974:15 November
1785:Snowy Hydro
1585:Departments
1433:front bench
1329:legislative
1282:Anne Twomey
1162:lower house
1011:Nationalism
914:New Zealand
885:Visa policy
549:Beech-Jones
443:Milton Dick
369:Legislature
263:Charles III
214:Politics of
74:Established
5530:Categories
5290:Television
5260:Literature
5145:Irreligion
5125:Healthcare
5120:Euthanasia
5100:Censorship
4907:Government
4853:Liberalism
4823:Parliament
4535:Indigenous
4525:Federation
4515:Diplomatic
4489:Since 1945
4454:Prehistory
4146:Earle Page
4059:Menzies II
4016:Fisher III
4001:Deakin III
3818:Queensland
2559:8 November
2531:1140000411
2369:0522850987
2269:(Cth) s 4.
1888:References
1589:See also:
1484:Kevin Rudd
1385:(formally
1362:High Court
1350:section 51
1325:John Locke
1251:High Court
1176:and other
1061:Queensland
1021:Secularism
1001:Monarchism
996:Liberalism
958:Ideologies
850:Penny Wong
464:Opposition
454:Tony Burke
422:Penny Wong
279:Sam Mostyn
136:Ministries
126:Main organ
115:Sam Mostyn
84:1901-01-01
5434:Education
5197:Squatting
5150:Languages
5115:Education
5095:Aged care
5059:Transport
4868:Socialism
4848:Far-right
4838:Christian
4833:Anarchism
4796:Judiciary
4732:Donations
4727:Elections
4638:Mountains
4586:Continent
4564:Geography
4484:1901–1945
4479:1851–1900
4474:1788–1850
4420:Australia
4207:Australia
4039:Menzies I
4006:Fisher II
3991:Deakin II
3420:s 58
3342:s 64
3278:s 62
3235:24399357M
2967:"Cabinet"
2172:"Cabinet"
1380:Ministers
1237:, in the
1138:, is the
1026:Socialism
991:Hansonism
986:Far-right
971:Christian
966:Anarchism
875:Passports
630:Elections
497:Judiciary
411:Sue Lines
408:President
293:Executive
217:Australia
117:) on the
5504:Treasury
5347:Category
5192:Religion
5090:Abortion
5044:Taxation
4813:Monarchy
4808:Military
4764:Intersex
4700:Politics
4681:Capitals
4545:Monarchy
4540:Military
4520:Economic
4498:By topic
4444:Timeline
4424:articles
4222:Kiribati
4148:(1939),
4134:Albanese
4129:Morrison
4124:Turnbull
3996:Fisher I
3976:Deakin I
3833:Victoria
3828:Tasmania
3620:Archived
3576:5 August
3570:Archived
3542:5 August
3533:Archived
3506:5 August
3500:Archived
3476:5 August
3446:5 August
3440:Archived
3314:Archived
3222:(1895).
3159:ABC News
3137:5 August
3131:Archived
3107:5 August
3101:Archived
3062:ABC News
3041:5 August
3035:Archived
3011:5 August
3005:Archived
2981:5 August
2975:Archived
2893:5 August
2842:s 4
2750:Archived
2709:Archived
2671:Archived
2588:Archived
2553:Archived
2490:(1901).
2240:Archived
2214:Archived
2180:Archived
2150:Archived
2120:Archived
2036:Archived
1968:Archived
1916:11 March
1808:See also
1455:and the
1364:Justice
1333:judicial
1249:and the
1235:Canberra
1076:Tasmania
1056:Victoria
345:Ministry
246:Monarchy
180:Canberra
69:Overview
5444:Finance
5429:Defence
5324:Outline
5295:Theatre
5285:Symbols
5250:Cuisine
5217:Culture
5078:Society
5054:Tourism
5024:Poverty
4960:Economy
4742:Parties
4643:Regions
4633:Islands
4628:Geology
4623:Forests
4591:Deserts
4576:Climate
4550:Railway
4432:History
4373:Tokelau
4272:Vanuatu
4114:Rudd II
4109:Gillard
4094:Keating
4079:Whitlam
4074:McMahon
4054:Chifley
4030:Scullin
3626:17 July
2919:2 March
2765:Austlii
2468:2 March
1944:2 March
1518:Bagehot
1393:Cabinet
1212:cabinet
1191:is the
1148:federal
1142:of the
1134:or the
544:Gleeson
539:Steward
534:Edelman
440:Speaker
355:Cabinet
255:Monarch
186:Website
130:Cabinet
82: (
5499:Senate
5352:Portal
5245:Cinema
5187:Racism
5160:People
5019:Mining
4982:Energy
4977:Dollar
4722:Courts
4712:Asylum
4686:Cities
4653:Rivers
4601:issues
4422:
4348:Hawaii
4267:Tuvalu
4119:Abbott
4104:Rudd I
4099:Howard
4084:Fraser
4069:Gorton
4049:Curtin
4044:Fadden
4021:Hughes
3981:Watson
3971:Barton
3805:States
3714:about
3418:(Cth)
3340:(Cth)
3306:
3276:(Cth)
3257:
3232:
2946:
2840:(Cth)
2663:
2637:
2627:
2529:
2519:
2393:
2366:
2246:31 May
2072:3 June
1780:NBN Co
1480:Caucus
1276:. The
929:Canada
529:Gordon
472:Leader
451:Leader
419:Leader
400:Senate
143:(2024)
119:advice
92:Leader
5331:Index
5280:Sport
5275:Radio
5265:Music
5255:Dance
5207:Women
5110:Crime
5014:Media
4880:Women
4618:Fauna
4613:Flora
4262:Tonga
4252:Samoa
4242:Palau
4232:Nauru
4089:Hawke
4034:Lyons
4026:Bruce
3677:(Cth)
3663:(Cth)
3649:(Cth)
3536:(PDF)
3525:(PDF)
3317:(PDF)
3300:(PDF)
2820:
2798:
2780:
2753:(PDF)
2748:(2).
2738:(PDF)
2712:(PDF)
2699:(3).
2689:(PDF)
2635:JSTOR
1906:(PDF)
1883:Notes
1496:Right
1472:Labor
1470:When
1199:(the
1160:(the
944:India
939:China
524:Keane
456:(ALP)
445:(ALP)
424:(ALP)
413:(ALP)
329:(ALP)
312:(ALP)
5235:Arts
4944:list
4932:list
4920:list
4769:LGBT
4343:Guam
4295:Niue
4217:Fiji
4064:Holt
4011:Cook
3986:Reid
3628:2021
3578:2023
3544:2023
3508:2023
3478:2023
3448:2023
3325:2023
3304:ISBN
3255:ISBN
3139:2023
3109:2023
3079:2007
3043:2023
3013:2023
2983:2023
2944:ISBN
2921:2024
2895:2023
2761:2023
2720:2023
2661:ISBN
2625:ISBN
2596:2023
2561:2023
2527:OCLC
2517:ISBN
2470:2024
2427:2024
2391:ISBN
2364:ISBN
2248:2020
2188:2023
2158:2023
2128:2023
2074:2023
2044:2023
1976:2023
1946:2024
1918:2024
1510:and
1494:and
1492:Left
1340:and
1257:Name
1201:King
1187:The
1146:, a
1126:The
906:APEC
670:2007
665:2010
660:2013
655:2016
650:2019
645:2022
477:(LP)
5230:Art
4786:Law
2804:CLR
2701:doi
2615:doi
1331:or
1253:.
901:G20
808:Tas
793:Qld
788:Vic
783:NSW
139:16
5532::
3693:.
3682:^
3612:.
3594:.
3568:.
3564:.
3560:.
3531:.
3527:.
3498:.
3494:.
3464:.
3438:.
3434:.
3356:.
3312:.
3293:.
3230:OL
3204:.
3185:.
3162:.
3156:.
3125:.
3095:.
3065:.
3059:.
3029:.
3003:.
2999:.
2969:.
2958:^
2938:.
2911:.
2878:.
2866:^
2856:.
2746:43
2744:.
2740:.
2707:.
2697:43
2695:.
2691:.
2669:.
2655:.
2633:.
2623:.
2586:.
2582:.
2578:.
2551:.
2547:.
2525:.
2486:;
2461:.
2443:.
2418:.
2311:.
2295:48
2293:.
2287:.
2274:^
2238:.
2234:.
2230:.
2212:.
2208:.
2204:.
2174:.
2144:.
2114:.
2090:.
2060:.
2034:.
2030:.
2019:^
1992:.
1962:.
1937:.
1926:^
1908:.
1684::
1581:.
1439:.
1424:.
1376:.
1184:.
860:/
813:NT
803:SA
798:WA
178:,
5386:e
5379:t
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