397:
width as well, to allow more space for the CPU, Memory PWM, and in some cases, a second CPU socket. While the market share of these exotic high-end mainboards is very low, almost all high-end cases and many mainstream cases support XL-ATX (10 expansion slots). As of 2018, no major motherboard manufacturer has made an XL-ATX board for several years. E-ATX is similar to XL-ATX in that it is larger than ATX and is also loosely defined. Unlike XL-ATX, E-ATX motherboards and cases are still in production (as of 2020), and support quad-channel memory across 8 slots of ram, up to 4 PCI-e expansion slots for up to 4 double slot graphics cards and a single CPU such as the AMD Ryzen
Threadripper 3990X. Companies like
271:
1131:
907:
980:
883:
859:
895:
871:
1117:
961:
487:, and network-based solutions, more recent full tower cases typically only have none, one, or two external bays for CD drives, with the internal bays moved elsewhere in the case to improve airflow. Today, full tower cases are commonly used by enthusiasts as showpiece display cases with custom water cooling, lighting, and tempered glass (replacing acrylic). They may also hold two computers (as is the case with the Corsair 1000D) and dual power supplies (Corsair 900D).
1023:
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919:
31:
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718:, even though the cases for these types of machines are now generally colored black or silver instead of beige. More modern computer cases include a much wider range of variation in shape, color, form factor, and materials, such as brushed aluminium and/or tempered glass which are offered with more expensive cases.
396:
have also become very popular for a variety of uses. In the high-end segment, the unofficial and loosely defined XL-ATX specification appeared around 2009. It extends the length of the mainboard to accommodate four graphics cards with dual-slot coolers. Some XL-ATX mainboards increase the mainboard's
445:
offer the same feature set as full size mainboards. High-end mini ITX mainboards support standard desktop CPUs, use standard memory DIMM sockets, and mostly feature a full-size PCI-E 16Ă— slot with support for the fastest graphics cards, although some instead use a PCI, or PCIe slot of fewer than 16
736:
Historically, cases used CCFL lighting and eventually single color LEDs as strips or in fans to illuminate their interior; modern cases use RGB LED lighting instead, often incorporated into case fans. To improve airflow while allowing RGB fans to be visible, many cases as of 2020 use metal meshes,
724:
is the artistic styling of computer cases, often to draw attention to the use of advanced or unusual components. Since the early 2000s, some cases have included clear side panels or acrylic windows so that users can look inside while it is operating. Modded cases may also include colored internal
679:
To prevent the buildup of performance-degrading dust within the case, many models feature dust filters in front of the air intake fans. While the exact method of accessing the front filters depends on the case model, it usually requires the removal of the entire front panel. Removal of the front
664:
tower case is done by removing the side panels. Looking front-to-back, accessing the motherboard, PSU, drive bays, and most case fan installation points are done by removing the left side panel. Removing the right-side panel is done less often to access the space behind the motherboard mounting
474:
which would typically be tasked with serving data from expensive CD-ROM databases that held more data than the hard drives commonly available at the time. Hence, many full tower cases include locking doors and other physical security features to prevent theft of the discs. However, as computing
843:
discs the drives would be holding. At the time, CD-ROM capacity was larger than the hard disks available, and many business-critical databases were distributed on this media. These databases were often very expensive or held proprietary data, and hence would be likely targets for casual theft.
687:
to hold components and panels in place (i.e. motherboard, PSU, drives, and expansion cards). From the early 2000s onwards there is a trend towards tool-less cases, in which components are held together with snap-in plastic rails, thumbscrews, and other methods that do not require tools; this
737:
without any external bays. Many include a PSU shroud and vertical gpu mounts. Some used to include holes to support external water cooling radiators. Cases with side windows may have side fans (on the window) as well, although it is uncommon for cases with glass windows to have side fans.
643:
Vents are often found on the front, back, top, left side panel, and sometimes on the right-side panel of the case. Regardless of their placement, their purpose is either to let cool air into the case or to let hot air out. Larger vents usually allow
827:
system may help computer owners detect tampering with their computers. However, most such systems are quite simple in construction; a knowledgeable intruder can open the case or modify its contents without triggering the switch.
593:
The top of the case, usually allowing the PSU's built-in fan to act as an auxiliary exhaust fan but causes the PSU to be fed air heated by the internal components of the case, thus causing PSU efficiency and lifespan
469:
are typically 56 cm (22 in) or more in height and intended to stand on the floor. They can have anywhere from six to ten externally accessible drive bays. These cases were originally developed to house
979:
651:
An I/O template, or I/O plate, fits around the motherboard's back panel of external ports. Sometimes provided by the case manufacturer, it is often replaced by the one that comes with the motherboard.
882:
669:, an uncontemporary standard, has the main side panel on the right side as opposed to the left. Some upside-down designed ATX cases are also accessed by removing the right-side panel door.
648:
to be mounted via surrounding threaded screw holes. Newer cases include mountings for larger 120 mm or 140 mm cooling fans for quieter operation than the 80 mm fans formerly common.
202:. The external case panels, at least one of which are removable, cover the chassis from the front, sides and top to shield the internal components from physical intrusion and
1678:
547:
and headphone ports) on the front of the case. Such a case will also (normally) include the wires needed to connect these ports, switches, and indicators to the motherboard.
665:
plate. This space is devoted to cable management, as cables routed in front of the motherboard may disrupt the flow of air within the case causing increased temperatures.
2204:
454:
computer, which is similar in size to a standard CD-ROM drive, and many manufacturers offer mini-ITX cases of similar size for low-wattage CPUs with integrated graphics.
906:
463:
Tower cases are often categorized as mini-tower, midi-tower, mid-tower, or full-tower. The terms are subjective and inconsistently defined by different manufacturers.
640:
Buttons and LEDs are typically located on the front of the case; some cases include additional I/O ports, temperature, and processor speed monitors in the same area.
507:
sometimes refers to cases smaller than mid-tower but larger than mini-tower, typically with two to three external bays. Other times the term may be synonymous with
1130:
393:
945:
858:
144:
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mounting point differs from case to case, but the most commonly used locations (both at the rear of the case) and their advantages/disadvantages are:
560:
is usually screwed to the case along its largest face, which could be the bottom or the side of the case depending on its form factor and orientation.
960:
1671:
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894:
746:
870:
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panel itself may or may not require the removal of one or both of the side panels. If there is any doubt, consult the user's manual if possible.
316:
since it is physically the largest hardware component in most computers. Consequently, personal computer form factors typically specify only the
1250:
1340:
918:
815:) which connects to the motherboard. When the case is opened, the switch position changes, and the system records this change. The system's
2209:
930:
714:
designs are still found on a large number of budget computers assembled from generic components. These class of machines are now known as
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1312:
259:
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The bottom of the case, with an (often filtered) vent in the bottom of the case allowing the PSU to draw cool air from the outside.
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to indicate power, hard drive activity, and network activity in some models. Some cases include built-in I/O ports (such as
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are smaller, about 46 cm (18 in) high with two to four external bays. They may also hold two computers.
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cases under about 46 cm (18 in) high—are popular in business environments where space is at a premium.
219:
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Alternatively, the case may have a single large U-shaped cover that saddles the chassis. This was ubiquitous in
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lanes. This allows customers to build a fully-fledged high-end computer in a significantly smaller case.
2007:
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1082:
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door covering the external drive bays. This was a security feature intended to prevent the theft of the
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67:
143:
Conventional computer cases are fully enclosed, with small holes (mostly in the back panel) that allow
1995:
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facilitates quick assembly and modification of computer hardware and is also cheaper to manufacture.
684:
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Throughout the 1990s, most computer cases had simple rectangular shapes, and were often painted
365:). Full-size tower cases are typically larger in volume than desktop cases, with more room for
2017:
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340:
123:
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as the most common small form factor mainboard standard. The latest mini ITX mainboards from
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Regardless of the mounting position, the PSU will usually be attached to the case with four
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2012:
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989:
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cases that are only partly enclosed (with freer ventilation and thus theoretically better
179:
152:
131:
87:
1536:
1271:"The 64 Core Threadripper 3990X CPU Review: In the Midst of Chaos, AMD Seeks Opportunity"
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Cases can come in many different sizes and shapes, which are usually determined by the
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may be configured to report this event the next time it is powered on. This physical
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111:
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1251:"Here's what you need to run AMD's new 64-core/128-thread Ryzen Threadripper 3990X"
1202:
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937:
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402:
361:(height ≤ 5 cm or 2 in) designed to sit on the desk under the computer's
325:
321:
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91:
583:. Many larger ATX cases can also be used with motherboards of other form factors.
332:
dimensions as well since these cases must themselves fit in specific enclosures.
2154:
2122:
2025:
1985:
1948:
1916:
1758:
1551:"Phanteks P300A Case Review vs. P400A, NR600, & More: Thermals, Noise, Fans"
1171:
832:
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476:
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17:
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Currently, the most popular form factor for desktop computers is ATX, although
2169:
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1801:
1537:"GN Awards Show: Best & Worst PC Cases of 2019 (Thermals, Quality, Noise)"
1496:
1052:
951:
784:
626:
528:
524:
447:
297:
136:
1341:"Size Does Matter ? Meet the Corsair Obsidian 1000D Super Tower PC Case"
1222:
831:
In the past, many tower cases (including full tower cases) intended to house
729:. Some hobbyists build custom cases from raw materials like aluminum, steel,
2164:
2159:
2143:
2072:
1911:
1763:
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1153:
970:
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730:
711:
610:
373:, and custom or all-in-one (AIO) water cooling solutions. Desktop cases—and
366:
247:
183:
155:
1565:"NZXT H440 Case Specs – Includes PSU Shroud; Video Preview & Hands-On"
888:
Right part of an ATX computer case with the fixing of the CPU at top right
614:
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1753:
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792:
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568:
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35:
1313:"Corsair Obsidian 1000D Watercooled Dual System – Part 2 | KitGuru"
618:
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442:
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34:
An opened ATX case, front towards right. Components pictured include a
30:
2050:
1823:
1327:"When Size Matters: Corsair Launches Obsidian 1000D Super-Tower Case"
1067:
840:
480:
434:
1383:"Phanteks Evolv X Case Review: Dual-System, Thermals, & Quality"
1299:"The AMD TRX40 Motherboard Overview: 12 New Motherboards Analyzed"
1285:"The AMD TRX40 Motherboard Overview: 12 New Motherboards Analyzed"
1255:
985:
924:
Mac Pro tower case. Note the two barely visible front intake fans.
756:
707:
703:
603:
438:
287:
269:
171:
167:
29:
1498:
Cable
Management – Does it impact cooling performance? At all?...
54:(right). The power supply is housed in the compartment at bottom.
2127:
2021:
820:
621:
and 2.5" bays. In modern computers, the 5.25" bays are used for
422:
223:
211:
206:
collection, and are typically made from painted metallic and/or
203:
1660:
2107:
1931:
661:
564:
544:
540:
336:
79:
51:
47:
39:
1635:"The Basics of Case Fan Placement – How Many Fans and Where?"
1593:"Fact-Check: CableMod's Vertical GPU Thermals vs. Stock Case"
1369:"Corsair Obsidian 900D Review: Making Room for High-End Gear"
747:
List of computer hardware manufacturers § Computer cases
519:
Computer cases usually include sheet metal enclosures for a
343:(PSU) may take on several external forms such as a vertical
760:
349:(designed to sit on the floor, height > width), a flat
954:
case with SS-50 and SS-30 buses—an early hobbyist machine
579:
which may optionally expose additional ports provided by
1237:""E-ATX" is a Lie: XL-ATX, E-ATX, ATX, EEB, and SSI-CEB"
500:
case will typically have only one or two external bays.
613:
on the front of the case; a typical ATX case includes
274:
Inside a gaming case during gameplay. 360° photograph.
106:
hardware, while hardware outside the case (typically
78:. The components housed inside the case (such as the
27:
Enclosure that contains most of the computer hardware
1579:"The Pros and Cons of Vertical Graphics Card Mounts"
320:
dimensions and layout of the case. Form factors for
2192:
2136:
2095:
2086:
1964:
1900:
1843:
1772:
1707:
1698:
535:. Most cases also have a power button or switch, a
178:— steel, electrogalvanized, cold-rolled, coil) and
710:with little attention given to the visual design.
567:provide a back panel with cut-out holes to expose
413:was the most common motherboard size. As of 2010
1397:"CoolerMaster Cosmos II Ultra Tower Case Review"
292:A full tower case. Accessories shown include: a
531:connectors protruding from the motherboard and
527:, as well as a rear panel that can accommodate
660:Accessing the interior components of a modern
409:originally popularized small cases, for which
166:) of a case is usually constructed from rigid
2205:History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
1672:
8:
936:Enthusiast case featuring translucent panel
683:Traditionally, most computer cases required
1096:IBM Personal Computer 5150 bare 5-slot case
230:have appeared in many modern commercial or
147:and cutout openings that provide access to
2092:
1704:
1679:
1665:
1657:
1355:"Corsair Obsidian Series 900D Case Review"
379:
210:material, while other materials such as
1214:
1177:List of computer hardware manufacturers
851:
246:) have become available in the premium
912:Facade buttons of an ATX computer case
864:Interior of a 2018 ATX computer tower
7:
2210:List of pioneers in computer science
335:For example, a case designed for an
280:view as a 360° interactive panorama
266:Desktop computer § Form factor
260:Comparison of computer form factors
1478:"What Are Front Panel Connectors?"
966:Three of the Wikimedia servers in
25:
1223:"Reference Guide – Case – Styles"
633:, and the 2.5" bays are used for
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190:for mounting internal hardware,
1505:from the original on 2021-12-22
483:to large capacity hard drives,
1495:Linus Tech Tips (2016-02-08),
807:Some computer cases include a
1:
2200:History of computing hardware
900:Front of an ATX computer case
876:Back of an ATX computer tower
625:, the 3.5" bays are used for
2068:Network interface controller
1452:Winn L. Rosch Hardware Bible
1187:Thermally Advantaged Chassis
1865:Refreshable braille display
1807:Refreshable braille display
755:case manufacturers include
725:lighting, custom paint, or
2247:
1194:open case design standard.
996:, volume control and some
744:
695:
456:
263:
257:
70:that contains most of the
1465:– via Google Books.
1438:– via Google Books.
1428:. Coriolis. p. 359.
1167:List of computer hardware
551:Major component locations
1425:PC Technician Black Book
1109:IBM Personal Computer XT
1974:Central processing unit
1449:Rosch, Winn L. (2003).
355:(height < width) or
727:liquid cooling systems
606:to support its weight.
573:integrated peripherals
475:technology moves from
450:has also produced the
385:
384:An empty computer case
305:
285:
102:) are referred as the
55:
1455:. Que. p. 1065.
1422:Gilster, Ron (2000).
1083:IBM Personal Computer
696:Further information:
563:Form factors such as
383:
291:
273:
258:Further information:
254:Sizes and terminology
38:motherboard (top), a
33:
1652:Chassis Form Factors
1136:IBM PS/2 Model 55 SX
1123:IBM PS/2 Model 55 SX
1028:Power Mac tower case
733:, acrylic, or wood.
685:computer case screws
417:has widely replaced
328:may include precise
114:devices such as the
825:intrusion detection
803:Intrusion detection
716:white box computers
609:Most cases include
503:The marketing term
234:. In recent years,
198:and for organizing
2231:Computer enclosure
1403:. January 27, 2012
777:In Win Development
741:Case manufacturers
635:solid-state drives
399:In Win Development
394:small form factors
386:
306:
302:memory card reader
286:
62:, also known as a
56:
2218:
2217:
2188:
2187:
2118:Analog audio jack
1839:
1838:
588:power supply unit
521:power supply unit
341:power supply unit
284:
96:power supply unit
76:personal computer
50:(middle), and an
16:(Redirected from
2238:
2093:
1744:Optical trackpad
1709:Pointing devices
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1371:. 23 April 2013.
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1357:. 19 April 2013.
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1198:Computer cooling
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1016:form factor case
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485:USB flash drives
467:Full tower cases
339:motherboard and
282:
276:
232:home-built cases
200:cable management
160:structural frame
132:USB flash drives
64:computer chassis
21:
18:Computer chassis
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1954:USB flash drive
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1722:Game controller
1717:Graphics tablet
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1525:. October 2004.
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990:home theater PC
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658:
656:Internal access
581:expansion cards
577:expansion slots
553:
533:expansion slots
517:
491:Mid-tower cases
461:
371:expansion slots
278:
275:
268:
262:
256:
180:aluminium alloy
153:removable media
134:) are known as
100:expansion cards
28:
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2015:
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1979:Microprocessor
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1646:External links
1644:
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1623:. August 2006.
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773:Fractal Design
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623:optical drives
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459:Computer tower
294:fan controller
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216:tempered glass
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2150:Parallel port
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765:Cooler Master
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188:through holes
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158:(front). The
157:
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149:plugs/sockets
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112:plug-and-play
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60:computer case
53:
49:
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44:Cooler Master
42:(beneath the
41:
37:
32:
19:
2056:Power MOSFET
2039:Power supply
2008:Data storage
1965:
1944:Flash memory
1922:Optical disc
1904:data storage
1629:
1621:"Maximum PC"
1615:
1609:. July 2006.
1607:"Maximum PC"
1601:
1587:
1573:
1559:
1545:
1531:
1523:"Maximum PC"
1517:
1507:, retrieved
1497:
1490:
1481:
1471:
1451:
1444:
1424:
1417:
1405:. Retrieved
1401:Overclockers
1400:
1391:
1377:
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1349:
1335:
1321:
1307:
1293:
1279:
1265:
1254:
1245:
1231:
1217:
1203:Computer fan
1192:VIA OpenBook
833:file servers
830:
806:
753:after-market
750:
735:
722:Case modding
721:
720:
701:
698:Case modding
682:
678:
671:
659:
646:cooling fans
631:card readers
594:degradation.
571:provided by
537:reset button
518:
508:
504:
502:
497:
495:
490:
489:
477:floppy disks
472:file servers
466:
465:
462:
403:Shuttle Inc.
387:
374:
356:
351:
345:
334:
329:
322:rack-mounted
317:
307:
300:, and a USB
239:
235:
142:
135:
103:
98:and various
92:mass storage
63:
59:
57:
2155:Serial port
2146:(IEEE 1394)
2123:DisplayPort
2113:Thunderbolt
1986:Motherboard
1949:Memory card
1917:Floppy disk
1759:Touchscreen
1172:3D printing
994:VFD display
835:featured a
813:push-button
799:, (DIY PC)
797:Thermaltake
627:hard drives
558:motherboard
314:motherboard
310:form factor
228:Lego bricks
151:(back) and
145:ventilation
137:peripherals
110:-linked or
84:motherboard
1902:Removable
1887:Sound card
1817:Sound chip
1812:Sound card
1802:Microphone
1692:components
1509:2018-08-11
1482:ThePCGeekz
1209:References
1070:tower case
1055:tower case
1053:SGI Indigo
992:case with
988:Fusion V2
952:SWTPC 6800
785:NZXT Corp.
751:Prominent
745:See also:
692:Appearance
611:drive bays
529:peripheral
525:drive bays
505:midi-tower
498:mini-tower
457:See also:
448:Apple Inc.
375:mini-tower
367:drive bays
298:DVD burner
264:See also:
236:open frame
184:hardpoints
156:drive bays
2165:PS/2 port
2160:Game port
2073:Fax modem
1912:Disk pack
1764:Trackball
1727:Light pen
1148:The 2010
1040:NeXT Cube
971:rackmount
731:styrofoam
712:Beige box
569:I/O ports
509:mid-tower
358:pizza box
248:gaming PC
226:and even
192:case fans
94:devices,
68:enclosure
66:, is the
2225:Category
2144:FireWire
2137:Obsolete
2103:Ethernet
1882:Speakers
1780:Keyboard
1754:Touchpad
1689:computer
1503:archived
1161:See also
1150:Mac Mini
1000:on front
817:firmware
793:Rosewill
789:Phanteks
761:BitFenix
452:Mac Mini
427:Gigabyte
415:Mini ITX
390:microATX
330:external
318:internal
250:market.
240:open air
170:such as
124:keyboard
120:speakers
104:internal
72:hardware
46:fan), a
36:microATX
2193:Related
2096:Current
1937:Blu-ray
1875:Plotter
1870:Printer
1853:Monitor
1829:Softcam
1737:Optical
1014:Baby AT
1012:8-slot
938:casemod
848:Gallery
837:locking
781:Lian Li
769:Corsair
481:CD-ROMs
443:Foxconn
419:FlexATX
411:FlexATX
363:monitor
352:desktop
312:of the
244:cooling
220:acrylic
208:plastic
196:coolers
182:, with
174:(often
164:chassis
116:display
2051:MOSFET
1991:Memory
1858:Screen
1824:Webcam
1687:Basic
1459:
1432:
1182:Novena
1068:SGI O2
841:CD-ROM
795:, and
604:screws
539:, and
515:Layout
435:ASRock
168:metals
88:memory
2170:eSATA
2088:Ports
1773:Other
1732:Mouse
1256:ZDNet
1154:Apple
1152:from
998:ports
986:Antec
973:cases
757:Antec
708:white
704:beige
615:5.25"
439:Zotac
407:AOpen
346:tower
172:steel
128:mouse
108:cable
74:of a
2128:HDMI
2044:SMPS
2032:SSHD
2026:NVMe
2022:SATA
2001:BIOS
1457:ISBN
1430:ISBN
1409:2013
821:BIOS
629:and
619:3.5"
586:The
556:The
541:LEDs
523:and
479:and
441:and
423:Asus
405:and
392:and
324:and
296:, a
224:wood
212:mesh
204:dust
186:and
176:SECC
130:and
2180:VGA
2175:DVI
2108:USB
2061:VRM
2018:SSD
2013:HDD
1996:RAM
1932:DVD
1795:GPU
819:or
706:or
667:BTX
662:ATX
565:ATX
545:USB
431:MSI
337:ATX
238:or
80:CPU
52:SSD
48:GPU
40:CPU
2227::
2024:/
1927:CD
1501:,
1480:.
1399:.
1253:.
968:1U
791:,
787:,
783:,
779:,
775:,
771:,
767:,
763:,
759:,
674:AT
617:,
511:.
496:A
437:,
433:,
429:,
425:,
401:,
369:,
222:,
218:,
214:,
140:.
126:,
122:,
118:,
90:,
86:,
82:,
58:A
2028:)
2020:(
1680:e
1673:t
1666:v
1637:.
1595:.
1581:.
1567:.
1553:.
1539:.
1484:.
1411:.
1385:.
1343:.
1329:.
1315:.
1301:.
1287:.
1273:.
1259:.
1239:.
1225:.
811:(
637:.
304:.
283:)
277:(
194:/
162:(
20:)
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