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Histoire des deux concordats de la République française et de la République cisalpine conclus en 1801 et 1803 entre Napoléon
Bonaparte et le Saint-Siège--: suivie d'une relation de son couronnement comme empereur des français par Pie VII--d'après des documents inédits, extraits des archives secrètes
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against the revolutionary state. It did not restore the vast Church lands and endowments that had been seized during the
Revolution and sold off. Catholic clergy returned from exile, or from hiding, and resumed their traditional positions in their traditional churches. Very few parishes continued to
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the Pope than previous French regimes had, and church lands lost during the
Revolution were not returned. Napoleon took a utilitarian approach to the role of religion. He could now win favour with French Catholics while also controlling Rome in a political sense. Napoleon once told his brother
166:, archbishop of Corinth, and his theological adviser, Father Carlo Francesco Maria Caselli. The French bishops, whether still abroad or returned to their own country, had no part in the negotiations. The concordat as finally arranged practically ignored them.
230:, the law known as "The Organic Articles", promulgated in April 1802, infringed in various ways on the spirit of the concordat. The document claimed Catholicism was "the religion of the majority of Frenchmen," and still gave state recognition to
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of the revolutionary regime. While the
Concordat restored much power to the papacy, the balance of church-state relations tilted firmly in Bonaparte's favour. He selected the bishops and supervised church finances.
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had taken Church properties and issued the Civil
Constitution of the Clergy, which made the Church a department of the state, effectively removing it from papal authority. At the time, the nationalised
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A declaration that "Catholicism was the religion of the great majority of the French" but not the official state religion, thus maintaining religious freedom, in particular with respect to
Protestants.
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in April 1801, "Skillful conquerors have not got entangled with priests. They can both contain them and use them." As a part of the
Concordat, he presented another set of laws called the
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Spina had been Papal
Majordomo for Pius VI, and had followed him in his arrest and deportation to France in 1799. Salvador Miranda, Librarian Emeritus, Florida International University,
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Bonaparte and the Pope both found the
Concordat useful. Similar arrangements were made with the Church in territories controlled by France, especially Italy and Germany.
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and
Catholics and solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France, with most of its civil status restored. This resolved the hostility of devout
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towards the change in the relationship between the Catholic Church and the French government. Subsequent laws abolished the traditional
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was the official church of France, but it was essentially Catholicism. The Civil Constitution caused hostility among the
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The Concordat was drawn up by a commission with three representatives from each party. Napoleon Bonaparte, who was
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William, Roberts (1999). "Napoleon, the Concordat of 1801, and Its Consequences". In Coppa, Frank J. (ed.).
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249:. However, some provisions of the Concordat are still in effect in the Alsace–Lorraine region under the
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Roberts, William. "Napoleon, the Concordat of 1801, and Its Consequences." in: Frank J. Coppa, ed.,
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Vilmer, Jean-Baptiste Jeangéne. "Comment on the Concordat of 1801 between France and the Holy See",
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The Concordat of 1801: A Study of the Problem of Nationalism in the Relations of Church and State
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The Catholic Church gave up all its claims to Church lands that were confiscated after 1790.
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Controversial Concordats: The Vatican's Relations with Napoleon, Mussolini, and Hitler
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Controversial Concordats: The Vatican's Relations with Napoleon, Mussolini, and Hitler
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Mémoires du Cardinal Consalvi, avec une introduction et des notes de J.Crétineau-Joly
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Edwards, Bela Bates; Peters, Absalom; Agnew, John Holmes; Treat, Selah Burr (1840).
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The Papacy had the right to depose bishops; the French government still, since the
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The main terms of the Concordat of 1801 between France and Pope Pius VII included:
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See drop-down essay on "Religion and Politics until the French Revolution"
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Goyau, Georges. "The French Concordat of 1801." The Catholic Encyclopedia
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Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 8 November 2015
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545:(in French). Vol. Tome I. Bar-le-Duc: L. Guérin & cie.
494:(Catholic University of America Press, 2000), pp. 279–315.
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Documents upon Napoleon and the Reorganization of Religion
314:. Catholic University of America Press. pp. 279–335.
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Biography: Or, Third Division of The English Encyclopedia
158:, a doctor in theology. Pope Pius VII appointed Cardinal
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L'histoire, le texte et la destinée du Concordat de 1801
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Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs
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Sunday was reestablished as a "festival", effective
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533:(in French) (seconde ed.). Paris: Lethielleux.
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342:Christianity and revolutionary Europe, 1750–1830
82:. It sought national reconciliation between the
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27:1801 agreement between France and Pope Pius VII
344:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–62.
169:While the Concordat restored some ties to the
146:of the French Republic at the time, appointed
74:. It remained in effect until 1905, except in
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299:. Vol. 4. Bradbury, Evans & Company.
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241:The Concordat was abrogated by the
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553:(Columbia University Press, 1933).
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1264:"China is a sleeping giant" quote
542:du Vatican et de celles de France
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509:Crétineau-Joly, Jacques (1869).
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466:. Cambridge University Press.
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515:(in French). Paris: H. Plon.
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251:local law of Alsace–Moselle
122:During the Revolution, the
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527:SĂ©vestre, Emile (1905).
393:. Retrieved: 2016-07-30.
291:Knight, Charles (1867).
205:in 1516, nominated them.
139:and Christian holidays.
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70:on 15 July 1801 in
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523:(1999) pp: 34–80.
329:. pp. 34–80.
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368:. Retrieved
364:the original
350:
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296:
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193:
174:
168:
144:First Consul
141:
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54:between the
47:
45:
36:
29:
1247:Bonapartism
1148: [
1118:Protestants
894: [
880: [
757: [
670:Napoleon II
370:15 December
243:law of 1905
232:Protestants
162:, Cardinal
118:, 1803-1804
78:, where it
1346:Categories
1279:Propaganda
813:Coronation
293:"Pius VII"
278:References
877:2nd exile
860:1st exile
771:Consulate
691:Brothers:
657:Children:
464:1750-1830
238:as well.
175:vis-Ă -vis
52:agreement
1412:Napoleon
1324:Category
1129:Slavery
714:Sisters:
618:timeline
601:Napoleon
413:22 April
356:"France"
261:See also
190:Contents
133:Vendeans
60:Holy See
58:and the
1333:Commons
1303:Studies
845:Tactics
828:Holland
683:Mother:
675:Father:
245:on the
103:History
50:was an
644:Wives:
636:Family
470:
180:Lucien
171:papacy
1296:Penis
1212:Milan
1152:]
1145:Women
1094:Tiara
1077:Views
898:]
891:Death
884:]
761:]
409:. s.n
72:Paris
39:, by
1284:Tomb
903:mask
799:1815
794:1804
789:1802
784:1799
468:ISBN
415:2014
372:2011
236:Jews
234:and
66:and
46:The
389:,
114:by
1348::
1150:fr
896:fr
882:fr
759:fr
462:c.
423:^
358:.
295:.
186:.
593:e
586:t
579:v
476:.
417:.
374:.
20:)
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