Knowledge (XXG)

Congress of Local and Regional Authorities

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2416:, regular meetings and coordination between the respective members and secretariats take place. The cooperation between the Congress and the Committee of the Regions is in place since the creation of the CoR in 1994. A 'Contact Group Congress/Committee of the Regions', that meets twice per year, was established in 1995. The Contact Group coordinates the two institutions' efforts and provides feedback on their activities. The Congress and CoR members exchange views and implement common strategies. Since 2006 it is possible for members of the CoR to be part of an elections observation mission of the Congress. Nowadays, this happens systematically and members of the CoR are involved in the whole observation process. The Congress also pursues an active cooperation with the Commission for Citizenship, Governance, Institutional and External Affairs (CIVEX) and the Conference of regional organizations and local authorities for the Eastern partnership (CORLEAP), both established by the CoR in order to enhance the relations between the EU and its neighbouring countries in the area of local and regional self-governance. The neighbouring states involved are often Member States of the Congress and the Congress is involved in activities of these entities, as well. More information on the cooperation between the Congress and the COR can be found on both the site of the 2395:, also known as the Lanzarote Convention. The Campaign's goals are to make children aware of the gravity and different types of sexual violence and abuse, and to prevent them. The Congress is ensuring the local and regional dimensions of the Campaign and has launched a Pact of Towns and Regions to Stop Sexual Violence against Children. The Pact proposes the 'four Ps' approach: to prevent abuse, protect victims, prosecute perpetrators while ensuring the full participation of children in the entire process. All services and actions must be respectful of children's rights, put the child's best interest first, and enable children's voices to be heard, in order to deliver locally what children and families need to stop sexual violence and sexual abuse, as well as to bring perpetrators to justice. The Congress promotes this Pact with cities and regions and encourages them to sign and implement it in the field. 1253:
principles of local democracy outside Europe, inter alia through Euro-Arab dialogue between cities and Euro-Mediterranean co-operation. At its meetings, which take place twice a year during the Plenary Sessions, the Chamber of Local Authorities holds thematic debates on issues such as the fight against radicalisation, cities against terrorism, migrations, the protection of cultural heritage and adopts recommendations and resolutions. If necessary, the Chamber of Local Authorities can also require a member to write a report to a relevant question of his or her expertise. The Chamber of Local Authorities must examine issues that are relevant to its jurisdiction, namely substantive and current issues relating to the local dimension in Europe, and if necessary may raise a debate during a Congress session. A list of the members of this Chamber can be found
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local and regional authorities in member states and prepares reports on the situation in the State concerned. These reports and the draft resolutions and recommendations they contain are submitted to the plenary sessions which debate them in the presence of high representatives of the governments before adopting them. The recommendations are then forwarded to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe which gives them the appropriate follow up whenever needed. It also observes local and regional elections. After an observation mission it drafts a report and a recommendation which are also submitted to the sessions for adoption.
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important achievements of the organization. The Charter was opened for signature in October 1985 and has since been signed by all Council of Europe member states. In 1994 the Standing Conference asked the Committee of Ministers to further enhance its statute, and the Standing Conference was transformed into the present Congress of Local and Regional Authorities. In 2005, during the Warsaw Summit, the Heads of State and Government of the member states of the Council of Europe reasserted the importance of local and regional democracy for Europe and underlined the major role of the Congress in its mission, again supporting its mandate.
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Congress members and members of the Committee of the Regions (some 10–15 people). At the close of the observation mission a preliminary statement by the Congress delegation is made. Then a report that includes an analysis of the election campaign, voting day, and recommendations/improvements to be made is prepared and submitted to the session of the Congress. The Congress collaborates with institutions of the Council of Europe such as the Parliamentary Assembly and the Venice Commission. The details of the procedure are set out in Congress resolution More information on the observation of elections can be found on
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past the Congress has been active in strengthening local democracy and trans-border co-operation in Europe. It has encouraged the creation of associations of local authorities and created several networks which have now evolved independently and which are privileged partners of the Congress. Examples of these Associations are the Association of Local Democracy Agencies (ALDA), the Network of Associations of Local Authorities of South-East Europe (NALAS) and the European Network of Local and Regional Training Establishments (ENTO).
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three new committees, to replace the existing previous four: a Monitoring Committee, a Governance Committee and a Current Affairs Committee. Moreover, a Statutory Forum was set up, the mandate of Congress members extended from two to four years, and the 30-per cent requirement for women's representation in national delegations applied also to substitute members. The role of the Bureau as the executive body of the Congress was strengthened, and the adopted texts subject to a clearer and more concrete follow-up procedure.
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ensures a balanced geographical distribution of territories, equitable representation of the various types of local and regional authorities and political forces, and equitable representation of women and men. Each member state has the right to the same number of seats in the Congress as in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Apart from full members, the delegations are also made of substitutes (who work in the same capacity). A list of the national delegations and their members can be found on the
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its community, and it has to take into account the principle of subsidiarity. The Chamber of Regions meets twice a year during the plenary sessions of the Congress, holds debates on issues such as the regionalisation in Europe, and adopts resolutions and recommendations. It deals with the role of regions within the member states of the Congress, regional democracy, inter-regional cooperation and regional economy, among others. The members of this Chamber can be found
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trans-frontier co-operation between cities and regions The Congress conducts regular monitoring visits to all member states to appraise their implementation of the European Charter of Local Self-Government, observes the functioning of local and regional elections in its member states and creates international treaties that lay down common European standards to protect local authorities' rights.
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governments. They also, in some cases, play a part in the procedure whereby their country's national delegation to the Congress is designated. National associations play an active part in implementation of the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government, denouncing abuses and possible violations and thus acting as an "early warning system"and a peaceful counterweight. The
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follow up to its recommendations the Congress discusses with the authorities of the member State a roadmap to improve local and regional democracy in line with these recommendations. The first roadmap prepared in the framework of this post-monitoring dialogue concerned the decentralisation reform undertaken by the Ukrainian authorities and was signed in May 2015.
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and Regions (CEMR), the Association of European Border Regions (AEBR) and the Conference of European Regional Legislative Assemblies (CALRE). The Congress can be represented at meetings or events of these organizations and makes its policies and priorities known, in particular when they fall within the scope of these organisations' fields of activities.
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cooperation activities help to further ensure the implementation of the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the Congress recommendations. The Congress offers its expertise, in the field of local and regional democracy, based on needs, its members being a pool of practical and political experience. Its activities include:
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right to take part in the work of the Congress, submit memoranda and comment on issues discussed at plenary sessions, but not to vote. One or more representatives of organizations with observer status may be invited to attend meetings of the Statutory Forum, the Bureau, the Committees or ad hoc working groups.
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The core mission of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities is the effective monitoring of the situation of local and regional democracy in member states by assessing the application of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Through this process of monitoring, the Congress contributes,
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The Congress is formed of national delegations made up of representatives of local and regional authorities of the 46 member States of the Council of Europe, who are either directly elected or are politically accountable to a directly elected assembly. The membership of each member state's delegation
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The European Alliance of Cities and Regions for Roma Inclusion was set up by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities with the support of Special Representative of the Council of Europe Secretary General for Roma Issues. More than 120 cities and regions from over 27 countries are participating
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The Congress is also active in the neighbourhood policy of the Council of Europe. This policy is aimed at helping neighbouring regions to improve democracy, the rule of law and human rights protection. As an example, priorities for co-operation in Morocco and Tunisia include local governance. In the
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The Congress Secretariat is headed by the Secretary General, who is elected for five years by the plenary meeting of Congress. The Secretary General is supported by the Congress Director. The Secretariat of the two chambers of Congress will be occupied by two executive secretaries, who are appointed
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The Monitoring Committee was established to follow the implementation of the commitment and obligations of the member states to the European Charter of Local Self-Government. It organises monitoring visits and drafts reports and recommendations on the situation of the local and regional democracy in
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consists of representatives of authorities that act between the local and central levels of government. The authority must have either self-governing or state-like powers. It must effectively be able to take full responsibility for a substantial share of matters of public concern, in the interest of
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is to assess the situation of local democracy and observe local elections based on the European Charter of Local Self-Government. The Chamber also handles social issues and supports the cooperation of European cities, such as intercultural dialogues, e-democracy, or multiculturalism. It promotes the
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In October 2010, the Congress adopted a comprehensive reform of its structures and activities meant to increase the impact of its action and make it more effective and more relevant to European citizens and their elected representatives. In particular, the structural changes included the creation of
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In 2013–2014 the Alliance implemented the first stage of the project named ROMACT. Around 30 cities and regions were engaged in activities, consisting of preparation work, including data collection and analysis, thematic workshops, study visits, exchange of information, opportunities for networking
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on post-monitoring and post-observation of elections. The aim is to develop the political dialogue with Member States and relevant stakeholders after a monitoring or election observation visit, in order to ensure the effectiveness and impact of its monitoring and election observation activities. As
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The Congress is also involved with several organizations and associations of European municipalities and regions enhancing local and regional democracy by developing joint activities. Examples of these organizations are the Assembly of European Regions (AER), the Council of European Municipalities
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The Congress undertakes: regular general country-by-country monitoring missions; the examination of a particular aspect of the Charter; fact-finding missions to look into specific cases of concern; Following monitoring visits, the Monitoring Committee draws up reports and recommendations to member
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International associations of local and regional authorities which have a consultative status with the Council of Europe also have observer status with the Congress. Observer status may also be granted to other associations on application to the Bureau of the Congress.. This status gives them the
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In its Priorities 2013–2016, the Congress decided to further develop co-operation and partnerships with the overall objective to consolidate and advance territorial democracy in the Council of Europe member states and in its immediate neighbourhood and achieve concrete results in the field. These
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With the adoption of the revised Charter of the Congress on 19 January 2011, the former Standing Committee was replaced by the Statutory Forum. This Forum is composed of heads of all national delegations together with the members of the Bureau of Congress. The Forum acts on behalf of the Congress
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The Congress is constituted by 612 members which hold elective office (they may be regional or municipal councillors, mayors or presidents of regional authorities) representing over 130,000 authorities in different states. It encourages the devolution and regionalization processes, as well as the
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The Current Affairs Committee deals with the role of regional and local governments in light of the challenges of modern society. It works on thematic issues, such as inclusive societies and citizen participation, education, inter religious and intercultural dialogue, protection of children from
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and the Secretary General of the Congress provide the Representatives of the member states in the Committee of Ministers with a record of its activities and hold an exchange of views. The Congress also has direct contacts and exchanges with national governments, in particular, on the occasion of
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As political Assembly of local and regional elected representatives, the Congress is the voice of Europe's 130,000 regions and municipalities. It promotes the strengthening of local and regional democracy in all Council of Europe member States. The Congress carries out monitoring missions of the
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The political groups within the Congress ensure an equitable representation, in terms of political, geographical and gender balance in each delegation. The Congress Charter sets a minimum of representation of 30% for the under-represented sex for each delegation. There are four political groups
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In 1979 it became the Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe. Six years later, in 1985, the Standing Conference adopted the European Charter of Local Self-Government, recognizing the increasing role of the development of local democracy, which has become one of the most
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The observation of the local and regional elections is an important aspect of the tasks of the Congress, which complements the monitoring activities. The observation missions are conducted at the official request of the national authorities concerned; the Congress sets up a delegation made of
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As part of its monitoring of regional democracy in Europe, the Congress maintains a regular dialogue with member states of the Council of Europe. The Committee of Ministers, which includes the 46 Foreign Ministers of these states, the Conference of Ministers responsible for local and regional
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National (and European) associations of local and regional authorities play a role in promoting local democracy which is vital to the work of the Congress of the Council of Europe. They deliver information about Congress activities across to their countries, particularly by lobbying in their
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Another important initiative of the Council of Europe, aimed at fighting antigypsyism, is the Dosta! Campaign, run on a national level in the member states. As of 2013, the Alliance is in charge of administrating the Dosta! Congress Prize, awarded biannually to three municipalities for their
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The Group of Independent Experts helps the three statutory committees to carry out their responsibilities in local and regional democracy, in regards to the European Charter. The experts are recruited from universities and other research centers based on their expertise in law, economics, or
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adopted a revised version of the Statutory Resolution and the Charter of the Congress in January 2011. The Congress adopted its new Rules of Procedure in March 2012. In October 2012 it adopted its priorities 2013–2016. These priorities are focused on 5 areas: monitoring of local and regional
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at territorial level, to the main objectives of the Council of Europe, which are to advance democracy and human rights on the continent. Monitoring is also part of an ongoing political dialogue with the different levels of governance in the State concerned.
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The Congress meets twice a year for the plenary sessions, which are held in Strasbourg. The sessions for each Chamber are held during the plenary sessions. Every two years, the Congress appoints a President from among the representatives, or full members.
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In October 2010, the Congress set up three committees: the Monitoring Committee, the Governance Committee and the Current Affairs Committee. These Committees prepare most of the reports which are submitted to the Chambers or to the Plenary Sessions.
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the member states concerned. It encourages member states to evaluate the situation of local democracy, in relation to the Charter, and identifies the obstacles that prevent them from implementing it fully. The members of this Committee can be found
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The Governance Committee is responsible for affairs relating to the Congress's statutory mandate. These include public finance, cross border and inter-regional co-operation and e-democracy as well as co-operation with intergovernmental bodies. The
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To fulfill its objectives the Congress cooperates with various partners: national associations, international associations, observers, civil society and other institutional partners such as the Committee of Regions of the European Union.
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states on how to improve the management of municipalities and regions. These recommendations are debated and adopted during the sessions of the Congress. More information and examples of recently adopted texts in this area can be found
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The Congress develops its projects within the chapter on Democracy in the Council of Europe Action Plans for member States. These projects are co-financed through voluntary contributions of member states and international partners.
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The Congress's predecessor, the Conference of Local Authorities of Europe was first established at the Council of Europe in 1957. It held its first session on 12 January 1957 in Strasbourg presided by the prominent French statesman
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and developing partnerships, consultative work. Other activities of the ROMACT The project ended in late 2014 with a major evaluation conference of cities and regions as well as local, national and international stakeholders.
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democracy, observation of local and regional elections, targeted post-monitoring and post-observation assistance, the local and regional dimension of human rights and streamlined thematic activities.
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official visits in the member states, during the plenary sessions, or during follow-up or post-monitoring visits in the country itself. More information on dialogue with governments can be found
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of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. However, the history of the Congress reflects the already fifty-year history of the development of local and regional democracy in Europe.
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To enable participating cities and regions to speak with one voice by providing a platform for advocating on issues concerning Roma inclusion at local and regional level.
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The Alliance organises national and international seminars for its participating cities and regions in order to facilitate the exchange of know-how and good practices.
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The Bureau of the Congress, which consists of the members of the Chamber of Local Authorities and the Chamber of Regions under the leadership of the
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2. Preparing reports about specific aspects of the Charter within a member state, or a group of members states (specific monitoring reports)
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political science and have a renewable term of four years. The Group of Independent Experts is mandated to assist the Congress in :
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3. Preparing reports on a specific point in the Charter, which poses problems regarding compliance with the Charter (research reports)
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Furthermore, it prepares thematic reports which, together with a recommendation and/or a resolution, are debated during its sessions.
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The Congress will focus on the contribution of local and regional authorities to the UN Sustainable Development Goals by promoting:
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According to its statute, the Congress consists of 306 representatives (and 306 substitutes) from each member state, as follows:
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One of the key priorities of the Alliance is the promotion of the Roma culture and raising awareness and knowledge about the
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is the pan-European political assembly representing local and regional authorities from the forty-six member states of the
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1. Preparing reports on the condition of local and regional democracy within the member states (monitoring reports)
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authorities, as well as its Steering Committees – are the main partners in this regard. Several times a year the
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To promote the exchange of know-how and good practices on Roma inclusion among participating cities and regions.
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sexual abuse, youth participation, integration of migrants, from the point of view of the core values of the
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between sessions and may be convened at any time by the President of the Congress, as he deems necessary.
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Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse
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Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse
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The present Congress of Local and Regional Authorities was established on 14 January 1994 with the
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within the Congress, as well as Congress members not affiliated with any political group:
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Democratic societies: quality of representative democracy and citizen participation;
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of the Council of Europe sets out to promote the signature and ratification of the
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Digital societies: digitalisation and artificial intelligence in the local context.
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The Group of Independent Experts on the European Charter of Local Self-Government
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European organizations and associations of European municipalities and regions
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Training sessions on leadership for local and regional elected representatives
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4. Preparing reports on issues of concern for local and regional authorities
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Exchange of good practices – peer-to-peer exchanges and interactive seminars
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5. Preparing reports on the promotion of local and regional democracy
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Resolution 353(2013)on post-monitoring and post-observation dialogue
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Statutary Resolution (2011)2 and the revised Charter of the Congress
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of the Congress contains more information on national associations.
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of the Congress contains a list with the members of this Committee.
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successful and innovative projects in the field of Roma inclusion.
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Official website of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
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The Congress has developed an institutional partnership with the
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Resilient societies: effective responses to public health crisis;
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in the Alliance. The Alliance aims to achieve these objectives:
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by the Secretary General after consultation with the Congress.
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Sustainable societies: environmental issues and climate action;
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Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe
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and the international commemoration day on the 2nd of August.
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Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
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participate in the work of the Congress as observers.
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Resolution 306(2010) on the observation of elections
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Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
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Assessment of the legal and institutional framework
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It is made up of two chambers, the 7: 2571:Priorities of the Congress 2013–2016 1174:Priorities of the Congress 2021–2026 2296:Cooperation programmes and projects 2287:In March 2013 the Congress adopted 148:President of the Chamber of Regions 14: 3052:Organizations based in Strasbourg 3042:Congress of the Council of Europe 3016:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006) 1149:In the light of this reform, the 250:Politics of the Council of Europe 2202: 2168: 2150: 2121: 2103: 2087: 2071: 2053: 2037: 2021: 2003: 1987: 1971: 1953: 1937: 1921: 1903: 1887: 1871: 1853: 1837: 1821: 1803: 1787: 1771: 1753: 1737: 1721: 1703: 1687: 1671: 1653: 1637: 1621: 1603: 1574: 1556: 1540: 1524: 1506: 1490: 1474: 1456: 1440: 1424: 1065: 1046: 1033: 1020: 1007: 994: 981: 968: 955: 942: 929: 916: 903: 890: 877: 864: 851: 838: 825: 812: 799: 786: 773: 760: 747: 734: 721: 708: 695: 682: 669: 656: 643: 630: 617: 604: 591: 578: 565: 552: 539: 526: 513: 500: 487: 474: 461: 257: 16:Pan-European political assembly 361:European Court of Human Rights 1: 2676:Commissioner for Human Rights 2566:Official website of the CALRE 2526:Official website of the NALAS 374:Commissioner for Human Rights 298:ÞórdĂ­s KolbrĂşn R. GylfadĂłttir 2561:Official website of the AEBR 2556:Official website of the CEMR 2531:Official website of the ENTO 2514:Official website of the ALDA 1250:Chamber of Local Authorities 1244:Chamber of Local Authorities 228:Chamber of Local Authorities 2551:Official website of the AER 3073: 3001:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992) 2576:Statutary Resolution 94(3) 1128:Statutory Resolution 94(3) 411:Convention on Human Rights 2375:The Alliance has its own 2186: 1330:Current Affairs Committee 1199:Dialogue with governments 26: 2410:Committee of the Regions 2399:Partners of the Congress 2270:Observation of elections 416:Convention on Cybercrime 33:The logo of the Congress 3011:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956) 2661:Parliamentary Assembly 2656:Committee of Ministers 2420:and on the site of the 2301:Co-operation Programmes 1264:Session of the Congress 285:Marija PejÄŤinović Burić 2744:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1532:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1265: 1151:Committee of Ministers 547:Bosnia and Herzegovina 326:Theodoros Roussopoulos 320:Parliamentary Assembly 292:Committee of Ministers 211: 52:; 67 years ago 2671:Court of Human Rights 2437:National associations 1263: 1248:The main task of the 1136:Jacques Chaban-Delmas 209: 2519:17 July 2016 at the 2389:ONE in FIVE Campaign 2289:Resolution 353(2013) 1380:National Delegations 1317:Governance Committee 1304:Monitoring Committee 188:www.coe.int/congress 50:12 January 1957 1393:Members of Congress 441:Istanbul Convention 158:Parent organization 23: 3057:Politics of Europe 3006:Russia (1996–2022) 2586:Rules of Procedure 1275:Chamber of Regions 1269:Chamber of Regions 1266: 1228:Congress President 232:Chamber of Regions 212: 102:Official language 3037:Council of Europe 3024: 3023: 2691:Venice Commission 2651:Secretary General 2637:Council of Europe 2242:the Congress site 2198: 2197: 1343:of the Congress. 1337:Council of Europe 1115: 1114: 1072:Europe portal 664:Georgia (country) 431:Oviedo Convention 333:European Congress 280:Secretary General 220:Council of Europe 204: 203: 163:Council of Europe 126:Secretary General 3064: 2630: 2623: 2616: 2607: 2491: 2490: 2483: 2477: 2476: 2469: 2216:Political groups 2208: 2206: 2205: 2174: 2172: 2171: 2156: 2154: 2153: 2140: 2127: 2125: 2124: 2109: 2107: 2106: 2093: 2091: 2090: 2077: 2075: 2074: 2059: 2057: 2056: 2043: 2041: 2040: 2027: 2025: 2024: 2009: 2007: 2006: 1993: 1991: 1990: 1977: 1975: 1974: 1959: 1957: 1956: 1943: 1941: 1940: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1909: 1907: 1906: 1893: 1891: 1890: 1877: 1875: 1874: 1859: 1857: 1856: 1843: 1841: 1840: 1827: 1825: 1824: 1809: 1807: 1806: 1793: 1791: 1790: 1777: 1775: 1774: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1743: 1741: 1740: 1727: 1725: 1724: 1709: 1707: 1706: 1693: 1691: 1690: 1677: 1675: 1674: 1659: 1657: 1656: 1643: 1641: 1640: 1627: 1625: 1624: 1609: 1607: 1606: 1593: 1580: 1578: 1577: 1562: 1560: 1559: 1546: 1544: 1543: 1530: 1528: 1527: 1512: 1510: 1509: 1496: 1494: 1493: 1480: 1478: 1477: 1462: 1460: 1459: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1430: 1428: 1427: 1400: 1107: 1100: 1093: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1012: 1011: 1010: 999: 998: 997: 986: 985: 984: 973: 972: 971: 960: 959: 958: 947: 946: 945: 934: 933: 932: 921: 920: 919: 908: 907: 906: 895: 894: 893: 882: 881: 880: 869: 868: 867: 856: 855: 854: 843: 842: 841: 830: 829: 828: 817: 816: 815: 804: 803: 802: 791: 790: 789: 778: 777: 776: 765: 764: 763: 752: 751: 750: 739: 738: 737: 726: 725: 724: 713: 712: 711: 700: 699: 698: 687: 686: 685: 674: 673: 672: 661: 660: 659: 648: 647: 646: 635: 634: 633: 622: 621: 620: 609: 608: 607: 596: 595: 594: 583: 582: 581: 570: 569: 568: 557: 556: 555: 544: 543: 542: 531: 530: 529: 518: 517: 516: 505: 504: 503: 492: 491: 490: 479: 478: 477: 466: 465: 464: 339:Leendert Verbeek 261: 245: 236:Palace of Europe 190: 60: 58: 53: 31: 24: 3072: 3071: 3067: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3062: 3061: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3020: 2989: 2943: 2869:North Macedonia 2700: 2639: 2634: 2521:Wayback Machine 2500: 2495: 2494: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2461: 2452: 2450:Observer status 2439: 2430: 2406: 2401: 2385: 2339: 2334: 2303: 2298: 2285: 2272: 2255: 2250: 2218: 2203: 2201: 2169: 2167: 2151: 2149: 2122: 2120: 2104: 2102: 2088: 2086: 2072: 2070: 2054: 2052: 2038: 2036: 2022: 2020: 2004: 2002: 1988: 1986: 1972: 1970: 1954: 1952: 1945:North Macedonia 1938: 1936: 1922: 1920: 1904: 1902: 1888: 1886: 1872: 1870: 1854: 1852: 1838: 1836: 1822: 1820: 1804: 1802: 1788: 1786: 1772: 1770: 1754: 1752: 1738: 1736: 1722: 1720: 1704: 1702: 1688: 1686: 1672: 1670: 1654: 1652: 1638: 1636: 1622: 1620: 1604: 1602: 1575: 1573: 1557: 1555: 1541: 1539: 1525: 1523: 1507: 1505: 1491: 1489: 1475: 1473: 1457: 1455: 1441: 1439: 1425: 1423: 1395: 1382: 1373: 1349: 1332: 1319: 1306: 1297: 1288: 1286:Statutory Forum 1271: 1246: 1241: 1224: 1219: 1201: 1176: 1160: 1124: 1111: 1082: 1078:Other countries 1066: 1064: 1059: 1058: 1047: 1045: 1034: 1032: 1021: 1019: 1008: 1006: 995: 993: 982: 980: 969: 967: 956: 954: 943: 941: 930: 928: 917: 915: 904: 902: 891: 889: 878: 876: 872:North Macedonia 865: 863: 852: 850: 839: 837: 826: 824: 813: 811: 800: 798: 787: 785: 774: 772: 761: 759: 748: 746: 735: 733: 722: 720: 709: 707: 696: 694: 683: 681: 670: 668: 657: 655: 644: 642: 631: 629: 618: 616: 605: 603: 592: 590: 579: 577: 566: 564: 553: 551: 540: 538: 527: 525: 514: 512: 501: 499: 488: 486: 475: 473: 462: 460: 456: 446: 445: 406: 396: 395: 379:Dunja Mijatović 356: 346: 345: 315: 305: 304: 275: 252: 197: 196:Formerly called 186: 159: 149: 141:Bernd Vöhringer 137: 127: 115: 106:English, French 103: 91: 56: 54: 51: 34: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3070: 3068: 3060: 3059: 3054: 3049: 3044: 3039: 3029: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2997: 2995: 2994:Former members 2991: 2990: 2988: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2962: 2957: 2951: 2949: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2939:United Kingdom 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2764:Czech Republic 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2710: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2698: 2696:Pompidou Group 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2673: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2653: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2640: 2635: 2633: 2632: 2625: 2618: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2511: 2506: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2478: 2463: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2451: 2448: 2438: 2435: 2429: 2426: 2414:European Union 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2384: 2381: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2321: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2284: 2281: 2271: 2268: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2217: 2214: 2196: 2195: 2190: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176:United Kingdom 2164: 2163: 2160: 2147: 2144: 2134: 2131: 2117: 2116: 2113: 2100: 2097: 2084: 2081: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2050: 2047: 2034: 2031: 2017: 2016: 2013: 2000: 1997: 1984: 1981: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1950: 1947: 1934: 1931: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1900: 1897: 1884: 1881: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1850: 1847: 1834: 1831: 1817: 1816: 1813: 1800: 1797: 1784: 1781: 1767: 1766: 1763: 1750: 1747: 1734: 1731: 1717: 1716: 1713: 1700: 1697: 1684: 1681: 1667: 1666: 1663: 1650: 1647: 1634: 1631: 1617: 1616: 1613: 1600: 1597: 1587: 1584: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1553: 1550: 1537: 1534: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1503: 1500: 1487: 1484: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1453: 1450: 1437: 1434: 1420: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1394: 1391: 1381: 1378: 1372: 1369: 1348: 1345: 1331: 1328: 1318: 1315: 1305: 1302: 1296: 1293: 1287: 1284: 1270: 1267: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1175: 1172: 1159: 1156: 1123: 1120: 1113: 1112: 1110: 1109: 1102: 1095: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1081: 1080: 1074: 1061: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1054:United Kingdom 1043: 1030: 1017: 1004: 991: 978: 965: 952: 939: 926: 913: 900: 887: 874: 861: 848: 835: 822: 809: 796: 783: 770: 757: 744: 731: 718: 705: 692: 679: 666: 653: 640: 627: 614: 601: 588: 575: 562: 549: 536: 523: 510: 497: 484: 471: 457: 452: 451: 448: 447: 444: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 407: 402: 401: 398: 397: 394: 393: 388: 383: 382: 381: 371: 370: 369: 357: 352: 351: 348: 347: 344: 343: 342: 341: 330: 329: 328: 316: 311: 310: 307: 306: 303: 302: 301: 300: 289: 288: 287: 276: 271: 270: 267: 266: 263: 262: 254: 253: 248: 202: 201: 198: 195: 192: 191: 184: 180: 179: 173:European Union 170: 166: 165: 160: 157: 154: 153: 150: 147: 144: 143: 138: 135: 132: 131: 128: 125: 122: 121: 116: 111: 108: 107: 104: 101: 98: 97: 92: 89: 86: 85: 76: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 48: 44: 43: 40: 36: 35: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3069: 3058: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2980:United States 2978: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2829:Liechtenstein 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2619: 2617: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2488: 2482: 2479: 2474: 2468: 2465: 2458: 2456: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2436: 2434: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2412:(CoR) of the 2411: 2403: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2390: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2363: 2359: 2358:Roma Genocide 2354: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2337:Roma Alliance 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2307: 2300: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2277:Congress site 2269: 2267: 2265: 2259: 2252: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2238: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2194: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2166: 2165: 2161: 2159: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2112: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2062: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2019: 2018: 2014: 2012: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1969: 1968: 1964: 1962: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1919: 1918: 1914: 1912: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1869: 1868: 1864: 1862: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1819: 1818: 1814: 1812: 1811:Liechtenstein 1801: 1798: 1796: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1769: 1768: 1764: 1762: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1719: 1718: 1714: 1712: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1619: 1618: 1614: 1612: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1572: 1571: 1567: 1565: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1522: 1521: 1517: 1515: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1465: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1392: 1390: 1388: 1387:Congress site 1379: 1377: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1329: 1327: 1325: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1303: 1301: 1294: 1292: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1276: 1268: 1262: 1258: 1256: 1251: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1229: 1221: 1216: 1214: 1212: 1207: 1198: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1179: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1137: 1131: 1129: 1121: 1119: 1108: 1103: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1086: 1085: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1073: 1063: 1062: 1055: 1044: 1042: 1031: 1029: 1018: 1016: 1005: 1003: 992: 990: 979: 977: 966: 964: 953: 951: 940: 938: 927: 925: 914: 912: 901: 899: 888: 886: 875: 873: 862: 860: 849: 847: 836: 834: 823: 821: 810: 808: 797: 795: 784: 782: 771: 769: 768:Liechtenstein 758: 756: 745: 743: 732: 730: 719: 717: 706: 704: 693: 691: 680: 678: 667: 665: 654: 652: 641: 639: 628: 626: 615: 613: 602: 600: 589: 587: 576: 574: 563: 561: 550: 548: 537: 535: 524: 522: 511: 509: 498: 496: 485: 483: 472: 470: 459: 458: 455: 450: 449: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 408: 405: 400: 399: 392: 389: 387: 384: 380: 377: 376: 375: 372: 368: 364: 363: 362: 359: 358: 355: 350: 349: 340: 336: 335: 334: 331: 327: 323: 322: 321: 318: 317: 314: 309: 308: 299: 295: 294: 293: 290: 286: 283: 282: 281: 278: 277: 274: 269: 268: 265: 264: 260: 256: 255: 251: 246: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 208: 199: 193: 189: 185: 181: 178: 174: 171: 167: 164: 161: 155: 151: 145: 142: 139: 133: 129: 123: 120: 117: 114: 109: 105: 99: 96: 93: 87: 84: 80: 77: 73: 70: 67: 63: 49: 45: 41: 37: 30: 25: 19: 2985:EU relations 2644:Institutions 2481: 2467: 2453: 2440: 2431: 2407: 2386: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362:World War II 2355: 2352: 2340: 2326: 2322: 2304: 2286: 2273: 2260: 2256: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2199: 2192: 2187: 1396: 1383: 1374: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1333: 1320: 1307: 1298: 1289: 1272: 1247: 1232: 1225: 1202: 1177: 1168: 1165: 1161: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1132: 1125: 1116: 367:Robert Spano 215: 213: 169:Affiliations 130:Mathieu Mori 90:Membership 75:Headquarters 39:Abbreviation 18: 2924:Switzerland 2864:Netherlands 2383:ONE in FIVE 2129:Switzerland 1929:Netherlands 1371:Secretariat 1015:Switzerland 859:Netherlands 365:President: 337:President: 324:President: 313:Legislature 296:President: 3031:Categories 2894:San Marino 2859:Montenegro 2839:Luxembourg 2734:Azerbaijan 2459:References 2248:Activities 2029:San Marino 1911:Montenegro 1845:Luxembourg 1498:Azerbaijan 1295:Committees 937:San Marino 846:Montenegro 794:Luxembourg 521:Azerbaijan 240:Strasbourg 152:Tunç Soyer 119:Marc Cools 79:Strasbourg 57:1957-01-12 2948:Observers 2834:Lithuania 1829:Lithuania 1217:Structure 1206:President 781:Lithuania 354:Judiciary 273:Executive 113:President 47:Formation 2960:Holy See 2909:Slovenia 2904:Slovakia 2884:Portugal 2749:Bulgaria 2666:Congress 2517:Archived 2418:Congress 2332:Projects 2079:Slovenia 2061:Slovakia 1995:Portugal 1548:Bulgaria 1418:Members 1412:Members 1406:Members 1239:Chambers 976:Slovenia 963:Slovakia 911:Portugal 560:Bulgaria 230:and the 42:Congress 2934:Ukraine 2889:Romania 2849:Moldova 2814:Ireland 2809:Iceland 2804:Hungary 2794:Germany 2789:Georgia 2779:Finland 2774:Estonia 2769:Denmark 2754:Croatia 2739:Belgium 2729:Austria 2724:Armenia 2719:Andorra 2714:Albania 2706:Members 2498:Sources 2377:website 2360:during 2193:306/306 2158:Ukraine 2142:TĂĽrkiye 2011:Romania 1879:Moldova 1761:Ireland 1745:Iceland 1729:Hungary 1695:Germany 1679:Georgia 1645:Finland 1629:Estonia 1611:Denmark 1595:Czechia 1564:Croatia 1514:Belgium 1482:Austria 1464:Armenia 1448:Andorra 1432:Albania 1122:History 1041:Ukraine 924:Romania 820:Moldova 729:Ireland 716:Iceland 703:Hungary 677:Germany 638:Finland 625:Estonia 612:Denmark 599:Czechia 573:Croatia 534:Belgium 508:Austria 495:Armenia 482:Andorra 469:Albania 454:Members 183:Website 55: ( 2975:Mexico 2965:Israel 2955:Canada 2929:Turkey 2919:Sweden 2899:Serbia 2879:Poland 2874:Norway 2854:Monaco 2824:Latvia 2799:Greece 2784:France 2759:Cyprus 2210:Kosovo 2207:  2180:18/18 2173:  2162:12/12 2155:  2146:18/18 2126:  2111:Sweden 2108:  2099:12/12 2092:  2076:  2058:  2045:Serbia 2042:  2026:  2015:10/10 2008:  1992:  1983:12/12 1979:Poland 1976:  1961:Norway 1958:  1942:  1926:  1908:  1895:Monaco 1892:  1876:  1858:  1842:  1826:  1808:  1795:Latvia 1792:  1783:18/18 1776:  1758:  1742:  1726:  1711:Greece 1708:  1699:18/18 1692:  1676:  1665:18/18 1661:France 1658:  1642:  1626:  1608:  1582:Cyprus 1579:  1561:  1545:  1529:  1511:  1495:  1479:  1461:  1445:  1429:  1415:State 1409:State 1403:State 1222:Bureau 1052:  1039:  1028:Turkey 1026:  1013:  1002:Sweden 1000:  987:  974:  961:  950:Serbia 948:  935:  922:  909:  898:Poland 896:  885:Norway 883:  870:  857:  844:  833:Monaco 831:  818:  805:  792:  779:  766:  755:Latvia 753:  740:  727:  714:  701:  690:Greece 688:  675:  662:  651:France 649:  636:  623:  610:  597:  586:Cyprus 584:  571:  558:  545:  532:  519:  506:  493:  480:  467:  83:France 2970:Japan 2914:Spain 2844:Malta 2819:Italy 2188:TOTAL 2095:Spain 1861:Malta 1779:Italy 989:Spain 807:Malta 742:Italy 2444:site 2387:The 2264:here 2240:See 2133:6/6 2115:6/6 2083:3/3 2065:5/5 2049:7/7 2033:2/2 1999:7/7 1965:5/5 1949:3/3 1933:7/7 1915:3/3 1899:2/2 1883:5/5 1865:3/3 1849:3/3 1833:4/4 1815:2/2 1799:3/3 1765:4/4 1749:3/3 1733:7/7 1715:7/7 1683:5/5 1649:5/5 1633:3/3 1615:5/5 1599:7/7 1586:3/3 1568:5/5 1552:6/6 1536:5/5 1518:7/7 1502:6/6 1486:6/6 1468:4/4 1452:2/2 1436:4/4 1341:site 1324:site 1311:here 1280:here 1273:The 1255:here 1211:here 1158:Role 214:The 65:Type 2422:COR 404:Law 238:in 69:IGO 3033:: 2424:. 2279:, 2266:. 1389:. 1313:. 1282:. 1257:. 1213:. 175:, 81:, 2629:e 2622:t 2615:v 2489:. 2475:. 1106:e 1099:t 1092:v 59:)

Index


IGO
Strasbourg
France
46 member states of the Council of Europe
President
Marc Cools
Bernd Vöhringer
Council of Europe
European Union
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
www.coe.int/congress

Council of Europe
European Charter of Local Self-Government
Chamber of Local Authorities
Chamber of Regions
Palace of Europe
Strasbourg
Politics of the Council of Europe

Executive
Secretary General
Marija Pejčinović Burić
Committee of Ministers
Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir
Legislature
Parliamentary Assembly
Theodoros Roussopoulos
European Congress

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

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