40:
198:(NAWSA) and gaining leadership of its Congressional Committee. The CU was initiated to assist the NAWSA Congressional Committee and its officers were part of that committee. The CU shared the same goal with NAWSA, to gain an amendment to the United States Constitution giving all women the right to vote. In the beginning, the CU worked within NAWSA to strengthen the declining Congressional Committee. In March 1913, after realizing the amount of work to be done, the CU became in charge of their own operations and funding but still remained affiliated with NAWSA. In the fall of 1913,
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142:
1178:
1052:
949:"Miss Helen Kellar [Keller] of Massachusetts is one of the prominent members of the Advisory Council of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. Miss Kellar [Keller] is known to all Americans for her marvelous intellectual and educational accomplishments, in spite of the handicap imposed upon her"
293:
formed an organization they called
Congressional Union in New York City to continue to struggle for the ERA. The women were inspired by the suffragists as Johnson noted in her book, Going Out of Our Minds: The Metaphysics of Liberation, "...we called ourselves the Congressional Union, taking the name
252:
The
Congressional Union actively campaigned for a constitutional amendment guaranteeing universal woman suffrage. Following the methods used by suffragettes in Britain, the CU fully blamed the majority party for failure to advance the Federal Suffrage Amendment. The majority party at the time was the
229:
in a highly visible office which they paid for themselves. They started women's "suffrage schools" to spread awareness about their cause and held multiple meetings each day. The CU was never organized by states or districts, but there were different branches of the organization in a number of states.
216:
in
Britain to the CU and its members. These included direct actions, organizing huge demonstrations, and the daily picketing of the White House. The CU had 4,500 members and had raised more than $ 50,000 in funds by 1914. Over time, the efforts of hundreds of members led to their arrest and sometimes
276:
at a meeting in
Chicago in 1916. The party included members of the Congressional Union, and Alice Paul was in charge. A Campaign Committee was formed within the party with Anne Martin serving as chairman. In 1917, the two organizations officially joined to form the National Woman's Party (NWP) and
257:
was president. Members traveled west and campaigned against
Democrats in hopes of impeding their reelection. They even campaigned against Democrats who approved women's suffrage, despite criticism from the National American Woman Suffrage Association. They traveled through the west by train while
202:
of NAWSA accused the CU of insubordination and financial irregularities, allegations which she later retracted. The strategies of the two organizations were conflicting and NAWSA's leadership felt threatened. In
December 1913, the National American Woman Suffrage Association selected a new
211:
The
Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage appealed to young women with a new approach in the fight for women's suffrage, inspired by the British suffragettes. Alice Paul believed women should not have to beg for their rights. Paul introduced some of the militant methods used by the
974:"Mrs. Mary Beard of New York is a member of the Executive Committee of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. Mrs. Beard is the wife of Professor Charles Beard of Columbia University and is joint author with him of his recent book on American Political History"
999:"Mrs. Mary Austin, of California, the noted writer, [is] a prominent member of the National Advisory Council of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. She is a graduate of Blackburn University where she received the degree of A.B."
294:
and philosophy from the women's suffrage group created in 1914 by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns..." At the end of June in 1982, the
Congressional Union organized a "ritual of mourning" as well as a "celebration of rebirth" for the ERA at the
258:
using a number of tactics to increase their visibility and their whistle-stop speeches attracted the attention of reporters. Their campaign resulted in the defeat of 20 Democrats who supported suffrage, much to the dismay of NAWSA.
185:
movement, which Paul and Burns had taken part in. Their continuous campaigning drew attention from congressmen, and in 1914 they were successful in forcing the amendment onto the floor for the first time in decades.
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1906:
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1951:
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1931:
714:"Historical Overview of the National Womans Party | Articles and Essays | Women of Protest: Photographs from the Records of the National Woman's Party | Digital Collections | Library of Congress"
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1831:
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elected Alice Paul as their chairman. After the ratification of the 19th
Amendment, the National Woman's Party launched a long campaign to secure the passage of the
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1811:
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The
Washington headquarters was central to their work but they were also a mobile organization. The CU published a newspaper called
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2009:
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as its main cartoonist, and also published cartoons by artists such as Cornelia Barns, Boardman Robinson and Marietta Andrews.
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This organization later splitered off and a group of women including Johnson formed a new feminist organization known as
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857:"Unsung hero: Belle Case La Follette fought for suffrage, civil rights and progressive reforms"
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1994:
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The Congressional Union's headquarters were located on F Street in Washington, D.C., near the
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2014:
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928:"Turning Point Suffragist Memorial » Doris Stevens (1888 [1892?] – 1963)"
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1224:
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384:
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226:
2486:
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1229:
1194:
359:
354:
17:
1022:
1606:
687:
625:
The Concise History of Woman Suffrage: Selections From History of Woman Suffrage
349:
182:
236:, featuring articles by prominent members including Alice Paul, Lucy Burns and
1596:
1368:
1214:
1199:
1110:
379:
339:
319:
166:
162:
123:
119:
2295:
1245:
764:
555:
How the Vote Was Won: Woman Suffrage in the Western United States, 1868–1914
203:
Congressional Committee and formally cut ties with the Congressional Union.
907:"Turning Point Suffragist Memorial » Dora Lewis (Mrs. Lawrence Lewis)"
1051:
1542:
744:
289:
In 1981, a group of women including Mary Ann Beall and notable feminist
998:
973:
948:
145:
Members of the CUWS holding brushes in front of a large billboard, 1914
135:
National American Woman Suffrage Association Congressional Committee
2511:
1467:
1298:
194:
Alice Paul created the Congressional Union (CU) after joining the
1515:
1341:
1083:
1337:
1079:
1071:
Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage newsletter collection
1511:
746:
Going out of our minds : the metaphysics of liberation
627:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp. 424–429.
466:
Frost-Knappman, Elizabeth; Cullen-DuPont, Kathryn (2005).
2548:
Art in the women's suffrage movement in the United States
557:. New York: New York University Press. pp. 164–165.
1491:
Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
1317:
Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
2574:
Women's suffrage advocacy groups in the United States
2268:
Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain
2402:
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2033:
1977:
1869:
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1483:
1451:
1435:
1375:
1309:
1259:
1238:
1185:
1117:
651:
The Ideas of the Woman Suffrage Movement, 1890–1920
161:was an American organization formed in 1913 led by
129:
113:
105:
90:
80:
72:
64:
56:
512:
285:Congressional Union for the Equal Rights Amendment
519:. Santa Barbara: The Moschovitis Group. pp.
654:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp.
2579:Feminist political parties in the United States
2553:Music and women's suffrage in the United States
2174:Women's suffrage organizations and publications
1267:Belmont–Paul Women's Equality National Monument
1002:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
978:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
953:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
833:Jailed for freedom: American women win the vote
749:. Freedom, Calif.: Crossing Press. p. 18.
718:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
2061:National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869)
835:(Rev ed.). Troutdale, OR: NewSage Press.
1527:
1353:
1095:
515:A History of the American Suffragist Movement
8:
196:National American Woman Suffrage Association
44:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage pin,
32:
886:Archives of Women's Political Communication
2204:Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial
1873:
1534:
1520:
1512:
1360:
1346:
1338:
1102:
1088:
1080:
38:
31:
2537:Women's Suffrage Centennial silver dollar
1168:Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
2108:1920 United States presidential election
1277:United States ten-dollar bill (proposed)
1023:"Congressional Union for Women Suffrage"
688:"Congressional Union for Women Suffrage"
148:
140:
2348:Women's Rights National Historical Park
458:
153:Meeting at Coffee House, New York, 1915
2025:Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
1390:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
1132:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
1057:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
831:Stevens, Doris; O'Hare, Carol (1995).
826:
824:
822:
820:
694:. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd
159:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
33:Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage
2066:Trial of Susan B. Anthony (1872–1873)
1881:International Woman Suffrage Alliance
1496:Women's suffrage in the United States
1322:Women's suffrage in the United States
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
802:
800:
98:enfranchising women" and to pass the
7:
2604:Equal Rights Amendment organizations
2584:Progressive Era in the United States
2419:"The March of the Women" (1910 song)
2147:List of suffragists and suffragettes
2010:Women's Coronation Procession (1911)
738:
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734:
681:
679:
677:
675:
623:Buhle, Paul; Buhle, Mari Jo (1978).
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472:. Infobase Publishing. p. 301.
437:List of suffragists and suffragettes
272:The Congressional Union created the
2389:National Voting Rights Museum (US)
2353:Women's Suffrage National Monument
2169:Historiography of the Suffragettes
2123:Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)
1443:Women's Social and Political Union
1251:Women's Social and Political Union
214:Women's Social and Political Union
25:
2281:Turning Point Suffragist Memorial
588:Sewall-Belmont House & Museum
2432:"Sister Suffragette" (1964 song)
2230:Women's Rights Pioneers Monument
2076:Woman Suffrage Procession (1913)
2046:Declaration of Sentiments (1848)
1176:
1075:University of Maryland Libraries
1050:
861:Wisconsin Justice Initiative Inc
686:Simpkin, John (August 1, 2014).
2245:Kate Sheppard National Memorial
2005:Battle of Downing Street (1910)
1648:1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act
253:Democratic Party, and Democrat
94:"To secure an amendment to the
2056:Ohio Women's Convention (1850)
2041:Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
1385:1913 Woman Suffrage Procession
1127:1913 Woman Suffrage Procession
447:Women's suffrage organizations
27:American activist organization
1:
45:
2162:in majority-Muslim countries
2152:Timeline of women's suffrage
2091:Silent Sentinels (1917–1919)
2020:Open Christmas Letter (1914)
1969:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
442:Timeline of women's suffrage
2532:New Zealand ten-dollar note
2199:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
2113:"Give Us the Ballot" (1957)
2051:Rochester Convention (1848)
1836:Constitutional amendments:
1622:Women's liberation movement
511:Weatherford, Doris (1998).
469:Women's Suffrage in America
2620:
2071:Suffrage Hikes (1912–1914)
265:
96:United States Constitution
2539:(2020 U.S. commemorative)
2358:International Women's Day
1876:
1174:
648:Kraditor, Eileen (1965).
240:. The newspaper employed
177:. It was inspired by the
37:
2442:Women's suffrage in film
2413:The Women's Marseillaise
2301:Suffragette Handkerchief
2179:Women's rights activists
1959:Hong Kong 1 July marches
584:"National Woman's Party"
2543:2020 US ten-dollar bill
2527:Susan B. Anthony dollar
2464:Not for Ourselves Alone
2086:Suffrage Special (1916)
2015:Great Pilgrimage (1913)
1964:2014 Hong Kong protests
1562:Right to run for office
743:Johnson, Sonia (1987).
173:amendment guaranteeing
2594:National Woman's Party
2210:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1859:1965 Voting Rights Act
1409:National Woman's Party
1163:Equal Rights Amendment
1146:National Woman's Party
553:Mead, Rebecca (2004).
325:Belle Case La Follette
279:Equal Rights Amendment
274:National Woman's Party
268:National Woman's Party
262:National Woman's Party
154:
146:
2191:Belmont–Paul Monument
2118:Freedom Summer (1964)
1995:Women's Sunday (1908)
1027:Spartacus Educational
692:Spartacus Educational
261:
152:
144:
2456:Shoulder to Shoulder
2425:The Mother of Us All
2368:Women's Equality Day
2363:Susan B. Anthony Day
2217:Suffragette Memorial
1822:District of Columbia
1592:Non-resident citizen
1475:Lucy Burns Institute
1272:2012 ten-dollar coin
1059:at Wikimedia Commons
2323:Hunger Strike Medal
2000:Black Friday (1910)
1067:at Internet Archive
882:"Crystal Eastman -"
330:Caroline E. Spencer
200:Carrie Chapman Catt
34:
18:Congressional Union
2466:(1999 documentary)
2333:Suffrage jewellery
1557:Universal suffrage
1283:Jailed for Freedom
390:Mary Hunter Austin
169:to campaign for a
155:
147:
2599:Militant feminism
2561:
2560:
2472:Iron Jawed Angels
2394:Umbrella Movement
2338:Suffragette penny
2252:Millicent Fawcett
2223:Portrait Monument
2131:
2130:
1985:WSPU march (1906)
1802:African Americans
1720:Spain (Civil War,
1612:Compulsory voting
1509:
1508:
1460:Iron Jawed Angels
1335:
1334:
1291:Iron Jawed Angels
1210:Inez Haynes Irwin
1055:Media related to
842:978-0-939165-25-4
479:978-0-8160-5693-4
425:Sue Sheldon White
395:Mary Ritter Beard
296:National Archives
139:
138:
16:(Redirected from
2611:
2384:Age of candidacy
2317:Holloway Jingles
2291:Pankhurst Centre
2262:(2008 sculpture)
2185:Leser v. Garnett
1990:Mud March (1907)
1874:
1807:Native Americans
1617:Disfranchisement
1536:
1529:
1522:
1513:
1501:Women's suffrage
1415:Silent Sentinels
1402:Suffrage Special
1362:
1355:
1348:
1339:
1327:Women's suffrage
1180:
1151:Silent Sentinels
1104:
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508:
491:
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488:
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463:
400:Maria Montessori
315:Abby Scott Baker
303:A Group of Women
175:women's suffrage
50:
47:
42:
35:
21:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2613:
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2610:
2609:
2608:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2522:(upcoming film)
2448:Votes for Women
2404:
2398:
2372:
2311:Holloway brooch
2306:Holloway banner
2137:
2127:
2096:Night of Terror
2029:
1973:
1865:
1626:
1545:
1540:
1510:
1505:
1479:
1447:
1431:
1420:Night of Terror
1377:
1376:Suffrage events
1371:
1366:
1336:
1331:
1305:
1255:
1234:
1220:Inez Milholland
1205:Crystal Eastman
1187:
1181:
1172:
1156:Night of Terror
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785:. June 30, 1982
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375:Lucy G. Branham
335:Crystal Eastman
311:
309:Notable members
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238:Inez Milholland
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131:Formerly called
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2507:(2018 musical)
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2081:Suffrage Torch
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1138:The Suffragist
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1120:co-strategized
1118:Initiated and
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1064:The Suffragist
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413:
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242:Nina Allender
239:
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227:Willard Hotel
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190:Early history
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2480:Up the Women
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2427:(1947 opera)
2424:
2343:Suffrage Oak
2328:Justice Bell
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2209:
2196:
2183:
1883:conferences
1550:Basic topics
1466:
1459:
1411:(co-founder)
1394:
1389:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1230:Mabel Vernon
1195:Alva Belmont
1136:
1131:
1062:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:
1017:
1005:. Retrieved
1001:
993:
981:. Retrieved
977:
968:
956:. Retrieved
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943:
931:. Retrieved
922:
910:. Retrieved
901:
889:. Retrieved
885:
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864:. Retrieved
860:
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789:September 5,
787:. Retrieved
782:
773:
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723:September 5,
721:. Retrieved
717:
708:
696:. Retrieved
691:
650:
643:
624:
591:. Retrieved
587:
554:
514:
485:February 21,
483:. Retrieved
468:
461:
420:Rose Winslow
360:Mabel Vernon
355:Helen Keller
300:
288:
271:
251:
231:
224:
221:Organization
210:
193:
158:
156:
106:Headquarters
57:Abbreviation
29:
2498:(2015 film)
2496:Suffragette
2490:(2014 film)
2474:(2004 film)
2450:(1912 film)
2286:Eagle House
2139:(memorials)
1827:Puerto Rico
1738:Switzerland
1715:New Zealand
1607:Suffragette
1587:Non-citizen
1462:(2004 film)
1294:(2004 film)
1286:(1920 book)
350:Dorothy Day
248:Campaigning
183:suffragette
49: 1914
2589:Alice Paul
2568:Categories
2275:Resilience
1817:foreigners
1723:Francoist)
1653:aboriginal
1631:By country
1597:Voting age
1369:Lucy Burns
1215:Dora Lewis
1200:Lucy Burns
1188:associates
1111:Alice Paul
665:0393014495
634:0252006690
564:0814757227
530:1576070654
453:References
380:Lucy Burns
365:Mary Beard
340:Dora Lewis
320:Alice Paul
207:Initiative
167:Lucy Burns
163:Alice Paul
124:Lucy Burns
120:Alice Paul
115:Key people
68:April 1913
60:CU or CUWS
2296:Paulsdale
1728:Sri Lanka
1685:Hong Kong
1643:Australia
1246:Paulsdale
698:March 31,
73:Dissolved
65:Formation
1758:Scotland
1675:Colombia
1543:Suffrage
765:15550086
593:April 7,
431:See also
2520:Lioness
2405:culture
2403:Popular
2377:Related
2237:Forward
1680:Ecuador
1638:Austria
1484:Related
1310:Related
1032:May 31,
1007:May 31,
983:May 31,
958:May 31,
933:May 31,
912:May 31,
891:May 31,
866:May 31,
656:231–233
521:197–205
91:Purpose
2504:Sylvia
2254:statue
2239:statue
2212:statue
1870:Events
1832:states
1812:felons
1733:Sweden
1710:Mexico
1700:Kuwait
1665:Canada
1452:Legacy
1260:Legacy
839:
763:
753:
662:
631:
561:
527:
476:
2512:Suffs
2488:Selma
2136:Women
1797:women
1769:laws
1763:Wales
1748:women
1695:Japan
1690:India
1670:Chile
1658:women
1582:Youth
1577:Black
1567:Women
1468:Suffs
1299:Suffs
1186:Main
779:"ERA"
51:–1917
1952:14th
1947:13th
1942:12th
1937:11th
1932:10th
1854:26th
1850:24th
1846:23rd
1842:19th
1838:15th
1783:1928
1778:1918
1773:1832
1436:Life
1239:Life
1034:2024
1009:2024
985:2024
960:2024
935:2024
914:2024
893:2024
868:2024
837:ISBN
791:2022
761:OCLC
751:ISBN
725:2022
700:2015
660:ISBN
629:ISBN
595:2015
559:ISBN
525:ISBN
487:2011
474:ISBN
165:and
157:The
81:Type
76:1916
1927:9th
1922:8th
1917:7th
1912:6th
1907:5th
1902:4th
1897:3rd
1892:2nd
1887:1st
1844:,
1572:Men
305:."
181:'s
100:ERA
85:NGO
2570::
2157:US
2034:US
1978:UK
1852:,
1848:,
1840:,
1073:-
1025:.
976:.
951:.
884:.
859:.
799:^
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690:.
674:^
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603:^
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539:^
523:.
495:^
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281:.
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1103:e
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1036:.
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916:.
895:.
870:.
845:.
793:.
767:.
727:.
702:.
668:.
637:.
597:.
567:.
533:.
489:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
