33:
111:(AC) electrical generator. In order to produce the proper voltage at a constant AC frequency, usually three-phase 115 VAC at 400 Hz, an alternator needs to spin at a constant specific speed (typically 6,000 RPM for air-cooled generators). Since the jet engine gearbox speed varies from idle to full power, this creates the need for a constant speed drive (CSD). The CSD takes the variable speed output of the accessory drive gearbox and hydro-mechanically produces a constant output RPM.
59:
that takes an input shaft rotating at a wide range of speeds, delivering this power to an output shaft that rotates at a constant speed, despite the varying input. They are used to drive mechanisms, typically
32:
430:
423:
170:, an integrated drive generator (IDG) is used. This unit is simply a CSD and an oil cooled generator inside the same case. Troubleshooting is simplified as this unit is the
118:
available from the engines. Some of these were mostly mechanically powered, with an air turbine to provide a vernier speed adjustment. Others were purely turbine-driven.
416:
809:
114:
Different systems have been used to control the alternator speed. Modern designs are mostly hydrokinetic, but early designs often took advantage of the
799:
772:
804:
204:
Variable
Frequency Starter Generator (VFSG) used primarily on the Boeing 787 are both used for electric start and electric generation.
218:
260:
672:
377:
945:
935:
721:
940:
950:
757:
239:
752:
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151:
551:
68:
829:
747:
607:
56:
701:
488:
348:
677:
647:
642:
566:
483:
41:
307:
197:
A variable-speed constant-frequency (VSCF) generator can be used to provide AC power using an electronic
914:
682:
652:
632:
171:
327:
899:
862:
814:
312:
213:
61:
186:
108:
392:"Fixed frequency electrical generation system and corresponding control procedure – Airbus France"
767:
716:
131:
369:
83:. On modern aircraft, the CSD is often combined with a generator into a single unit known as an
794:
586:
182:
104:
894:
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852:
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264:
72:
408:
459:
143:
135:
929:
819:
617:
591:
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198:
17:
873:
847:
837:
667:
622:
742:
737:
556:
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286:
147:
139:
127:
76:
513:
439:
167:
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80:
37:
904:
762:
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571:
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878:
637:
581:
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498:
479:
100:
493:
662:
518:
842:
31:
412:
55:) also known as a constant speed generator, is a type of
308:"Accessory Power – Constant speed drives and starters"
189:)) is an American manufacturer of CSD and IDG units.
887:
861:
828:
785:
730:
709:
700:
600:
537:
467:
453:
810:Engine-indicating and crew-alerting system (EICAS)
843:Full Authority Digital Engine/Electronics (FADEC)
374:The Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine and its Operation
800:Electronic centralised aircraft monitor (ECAM)
424:
8:
287:"Constant speed drive – Rolls-Royce Limited"
240:"Designing the 777 Electrical Power System"
805:Electronic flight instrument system (EFIS)
706:
464:
431:
417:
409:
185:(formerly UTC Aerospace Systems (formerly
174:electrical generation unit on the engine.
230:
64:, that require a constant input speed.
67:The term is most commonly applied to
7:
27:Type of gearbox used on jet engines
219:Continuously variable transmission
25:
673:Thrust specific fuel consumption
380:. pp. 3–45. P&W 182408.
378:United Technologies Corporation
722:Propeller speed reduction unit
1:
316:: 460–461. 16 September 1960.
633:Engine pressure ratio (EPR)
967:
900:Auxiliary power unit (APU)
529:Rotating detonation engine
152:Boeing 737 Next Generation
122:Integrated drive generator
85:integrated drive generator
79:engines, such as aircraft
107:jet engines to drive the
36:Constant speed drive for
608:Aircraft engine starting
126:On aircraft such as the
99:CSDs are mainly used on
489:Pulse detonation engine
69:hydraulic transmissions
678:Thrust to weight ratio
648:Overall pressure ratio
643:Jet engine performance
567:Centrifugal compressor
484:Gluhareff Pressure Jet
349:"FCOM A340 Electrical"
44:
42:Sundstrand Corporation
946:Aerospace engineering
936:Jet engine technology
915:Ice protection system
683:Variable cycle engine
653:Propulsive efficiency
62:electrical generators
35:
815:Flight data recorder
577:Constant speed drive
557:Afterburner (reheat)
313:Flight International
214:Centrifugal governor
49:constant speed drive
18:Constant Speed Drive
941:Aircraft components
370:Pratt & Whitney
187:Hamilton Sundstrand
109:alternating current
951:Vehicle technology
717:Propeller governor
132:Airbus A320 family
45:
923:
922:
795:Annunciator panel
781:
780:
696:
695:
587:Propelling nozzle
328:"A330 Electrical"
183:Collins Aerospace
105:military aircraft
16:(Redirected from
958:
910:Hydraulic system
905:Bleed air system
895:Air-start system
758:Counter-rotating
707:
688:Windmill restart
658:Specific impulse
628:Compressor stall
562:Axial compressor
465:
433:
426:
419:
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403:
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366:
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283:
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263:. Archived from
257:
251:
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248:
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172:line-replaceable
73:accessory drives
21:
966:
965:
961:
960:
959:
957:
956:
955:
926:
925:
924:
919:
883:
866:
857:
853:Thrust reversal
830:Engine controls
824:
787:
777:
753:Contra-rotating
726:
692:
596:
547:Accessory drive
539:
533:
475:Air turborocket
457:
449:
437:
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406:
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372:(August 1988).
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267:on 31 July 2010
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28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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928:
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918:
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834:
832:
826:
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823:
822:
817:
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807:
802:
797:
791:
789:
783:
782:
779:
778:
776:
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773:Variable-pitch
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
748:Constant-speed
745:
740:
734:
732:
728:
727:
725:
724:
719:
713:
711:
704:
698:
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584:
579:
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569:
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559:
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549:
543:
541:
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532:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
477:
471:
469:
462:
460:jet propulsion
451:
450:
438:
436:
435:
428:
421:
413:
405:
404:
383:
361:
340:
319:
299:
278:
252:
238:Carl Tenning.
229:
228:
226:
223:
222:
221:
216:
209:
206:
194:
191:
179:
176:
144:Airbus A330neo
136:Airbus A320neo
123:
120:
96:
93:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
963:
952:
949:
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944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
888:Other systems
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
865:and induction
864:
860:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
835:
833:
831:
827:
821:
820:Glass cockpit
818:
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784:
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649:
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634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
618:Brayton cycle
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
603:
599:
593:
592:Turbine blade
590:
588:
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393:
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365:
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329:
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309:
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288:
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266:
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256:
253:
241:
234:
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224:
220:
217:
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212:
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207:
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199:tap converter
192:
190:
188:
184:
178:Manufacturers
177:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
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137:
133:
129:
121:
119:
117:
112:
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106:
102:
94:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:found in the
70:
65:
63:
58:
54:
50:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
874:Flame holder
848:Thrust lever
838:Autothrottle
668:Thrust lapse
623:Bypass ratio
576:
455:Gas turbines
447:gas turbines
395:. Retrieved
386:
373:
364:
352:. Retrieved
343:
331:. Retrieved
322:
311:
302:
290:. Retrieved
281:
269:. Retrieved
265:the original
255:
243:. Retrieved
233:
203:
196:
193:Alternatives
181:
125:
113:
98:
88:
84:
66:
57:transmission
52:
48:
46:
29:
788:instruments
743:Blade pitch
738:Autofeather
440:Jet engines
148:Airbus A340
140:Airbus A330
128:Airbus A310
81:jet engines
77:gas turbine
930:Categories
731:Principles
710:Components
702:Propellers
601:Principles
552:Air intake
540:components
538:Mechanical
514:Turboshaft
225:References
40:, made by
38:Boeing 727
763:Proprotor
613:Bleed air
572:Combustor
509:Turboprop
397:10 August
354:10 August
333:10 August
292:10 August
271:10 August
245:10 August
116:bleed air
95:Mechanism
879:Jet fuel
768:Scimitar
638:Flameout
582:Impeller
504:Turbojet
499:Turbofan
480:Pulsejet
444:aircraft
208:See also
101:airliner
867:systems
494:Propfan
786:Engine
663:Thrust
524:Rocket
519:Ramjet
468:Types
261:"CSD"
863:Fuel
458:and
442:and
399:2015
356:2015
335:2015
294:2015
273:2015
247:2015
166:and
103:and
168:777
164:767
160:757
156:747
91:).
89:IDG
75:of
53:CSD
932::
376:.
310:.
201:.
162:,
158:,
154:,
150:,
146:,
142:,
138:,
134:,
130:,
47:A
482:/
432:e
425:t
418:v
401:.
358:.
337:.
296:.
275:.
249:.
87:(
51:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
