587:, later translated into Malayalam and English. The Tamil words "oru" and "ondru" (the English equivalents are "a", "an" and "one") have not been mentioned anywhere in the novel, except one chapter. Keeping with the numerological theme of Zero Degree, the only numbers expressed in either words or symbols are numerologically equivalent to nine (with the exception of two chapters). This Oulipian ban includes the very common word one. Many sections of the book are written entirely without punctuation, or using only periods.
783:, a weekly 6-panel comic strip in which the first half of the story was illustrated and captioned right-side-up, then the reader would turn the page up-side-down, and the inverted illustrations with additional captions describing the scenes told the second half of the story, for a total of 12 panels.
382:
method of construction. The book is set in a fictional
Parisian block of flats, where Perec devises the elevation of the building as a 10×10 grid: 10 storeys, including basements and attics and 10 rooms across, including 2 for the stairwell. Each room is assigned to a chapter, and the order of the
524:
in which the first chapter only uses words that begin with the letter "a", while the second chapter incorporates the letter "b", and then "c", etc. Once the alphabet is finished, Abish takes letters away, one at a time, until the last chapter, leaving only words that begin with the letter
1099:, created a three-level acronymic poem. Beginning with a name a verse was created for which the name was the acronym. This verse was then expanded, and then again. The final verse is 224 words long (which means the previous verse, its corresponding acronym, contains 224 letters).
759:, and published in 2023 by Kernpunkt Press. "It concerns a community of artists and others, engaging in their lives and figuring things out. A Oulipian experiment wherein things fall apart."
126:
Mandated vocabulary, where the writer must include specific words (for example, Quadrivial
Quandary solicits individual sentences containing all four words in a daily selection).
110:, writers have produced a variety of work under more severe constraints; this is often what the term "constrained writing" is specifically applied to. For example:
1054:
989:
913:, in which the Hebrew poem sounds identical to the Italian one, both making full sense – see Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2006), "Shir Du-Leshoni" (Bilingual Poem),
838:
626:) by Peter Vorobieff is written in Russian without any words borrowed from English, French, Latin, or modern German since the 17th century (similar to
129:
Bilingual homophonous poetry, where the poem makes sense in two different languages at the same time, constituting two simultaneous homophonous poems.
301:: three lines average 14–16 syllables, for a total of 44–46: theme (3, 4,4,4); elaboration (3,4,4,4); counter-theme (3,5) and completion (4,3).
738:
731:
wrote multiple epics (Satisha Bilasa, Kala
Kautuka, Baidehisha Bilasha, etc.) with the same syllable at the beginning of each sentence.
811:
is created with a number of formal constraints; issue #5 in particular, entitled "Fearful
Symmetry", follows a palindromic structure.
456:
69:
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204:
1118:, a community website that challenges participants to write a single sentence containing all four words in a daily selection
795:. Each four-panel comic has identical artwork. The only change between each comic is the dialogue in the first three panels.
787:
596:, author Jonathan Ruffian rearranges given sentences containing the word "gun" as found on the internet into microfiction.
563:
52:
Constraints on writing are common and can serve a variety of purposes. For example, a text may place restrictions on its
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Chaterism, where the length of words in a phrase or sentence increases or decreases in a uniform, mathematical way.
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In poetry, formal constraints abound in both mainstream and experimental work. Familiar elements of poetry like
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Brian Raiter, a computer programmer, wrote a more than 4,000-word article explaining Albert
Einstein's
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320:(1939) is an English-language novel consisting of 50,000 words, none of which contain the letter "e".
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in which the writer is bound by some condition that forbids certain things or imposes a pattern.
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630:). The book also never uses many common words, including "human", "please", and "thank you".
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There are a number of constrained writing forms that are restricted by length, including:
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are variously constrained by meter, rhyme, repetition, length, and other characteristics.
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Literary technique in which the writer is forced to follow a given rule, pattern, etc.
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875:, a movement in comics in a sense opposite to that of constrained comics
157:: first letter of each word/sentence/paragraph forms a word or sentence.
83:
are often applied as constraints. Well-established verse forms like the
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337:. Perec subsequently joked that he incorporated the "e"s not used into
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where the whole text is just two sentences, one of which is very long.
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is a book using the same constraint based on the first 10,000 digits.
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41:
163:: first letter of each word/verse/section goes through the alphabet.
611:) is written entirely with paragraphs comprising a single sentence.
958:
by Scott McLemee, The
Chronicle of Higher Education, June 2, 2004.
270:
209:
195:, words or sentences formed by rearranging the letters of another.
170:
100:
76:
44:, which often requires the writer to use a particular verse form.
185:, where the lengths of consecutive words match the digits of the
549:, also known as Dr. Seuss, wrote the well-known children's book
412:
298:
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469:
in which all 1000 characters are unique without any repetition.
179:, favouring Anglo-Saxon words over Greek and Roman/Latin words.
655:(2006), an erasure of the Victorian novel of the same name by
68:
for dictionaries, and other limited vocabularies for teaching
1102:
1080:, site with many pieces of constrained writing by Mike Keith.
781:
The Upside Downs of Little Lady
Lovekins and Old Man Muffaroo
249:
group is a gathering of writers who use such techniques. The
968:
Urban
Legends Reference Pages: Language (Green Eggs and Ham)
512:
where certain letters become unusable throughout the novel.
481:
186:
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which uses the same artwork, with only dialogue changing.
273:: ~ 3 lines (5–7–5 syllables or 2–3–2 beats recommended.)
909:– Italo-Hebraic Bilingual Homophonous Poem by linguist
579:
is a postmodern lipogrammatic novel written in 1998 by
459:", which consists of 92 characters, all with the sound
106:
Outside of established traditions, particularly in the
1007:"Erasure is a contemporary writing-practice KIN S FUR"
555:
using only 50 different words on a 50 dollar bet with
448:
that uses only one vowel in each of its five chapters.
295:
where a story or poem is exactly 140 characters long.
383:
chapters is given by the knight's moves on the grid.
755:, a novel, was written entirely without the letter
1067:. Issue 7. October 2003. Retrieved on 2008-09-24.
291:: espoused as a specifically constrained form of
741:" has lyrics consisting entirely of palindromes.
543:, and other books using only monosyllabic words.
451:One famous piece of constrained writing in the
425:, uses only the words allotted to Ophelia in
354:(1972), which uses no vowels other than "e".
117:: each word must contain a particular letter.
8:
702:'s erasure of a controversial tale from the
1035:"Grant Maierhofer Ebb Experimental Fiction"
819:which uses three identical panels based on
716:(2001) is a book-length acrostic about the
235:, where the reader supplies a random input.
987:Gorm, son of Hardecnut by Peter Vorobieff
955:A New Novel, No Verbs, in France, No Less
748:using only words of four letters or less.
222:, using many characters all of which are
151:: a letter (commonly e or o) is outlawed.
1097:Cipher and Poverty (The Book of Nothing)
599:Uruguayan musician, comedian and writer
500:in which no word is used more than once.
173:", read the same forwards and backwards.
884:
679:(2011), an erasure of a biography of
364:The Exeter Text: Jewels, Secrets, Sex
7:
1052:Comic Strips and Constrained Writing
421:(2008), a novel by the Welsh writer
198:Limitations in punctuation, such as
1021:"Short Words to Explain Relativity"
484:to determine the length of words.
25:
457:Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den
667:(2009), an erasure of poetry by
480:using the first 3835 digits of
358:was translated into English by
40:Constraints are very common in
205:True History of the Kelly Gang
1:
1124:about constraint on ComixTalk
977:Accessed on 26 November 2006.
788:The Angriest Dog in the World
411:was written entirely without
996:, Accessed on 16 April 2013.
927:Lundin, Leigh (2009-06-07).
907:Bilingual Homophonous Poetry
892:Andrews, Dale (2013-02-26).
70:English as a second language
896:. Washington: SleuthSayers.
853:Controlled natural language
434:Experimental Canadian poet
1159:
466:Thousand Character Classic
935:. Orlando: Criminal Brief
541:The Swiss Family Robinson
279:: 50 words, +15 for title
839:99 Ways to Tell a Story
394:in the Hebrew alphabet.
323:In 1969, French writer
123:, using only one vowel.
915:Ho!, Literary Magazine
826:The many works of the
706:(2018); and many more.
616:Gorm, Son of Hardecnut
476:" is a short story by
405:The Train from Nowhere
400:Le Train de Nulle Part
397:The 2004 French novel
255:theatrical constraints
1064:Image & Narrative
894:"Constrained Writing"
653:A Little White Shadow
564:The Gates of Paradise
312:Ernest Vincent Wright
768:Notable examples of
746:theory of relativity
657:Emily Malbone Morgan
620:Горм, сын Хёрдакнута
375:Life A User's Manual
216:One-syllable article
208:, which features no
169:, such as the word "
1138:Constrained writing
1109:Quadrivial Quandary
933:Constrained Writing
751:Grant Maierhofer's
735:"Weird Al" Yankovic
593:A Gun Is Not Polite
517:Alphabetical Africa
218:, a form unique to
142:Alphabetical Africa
66:defining vocabulary
31:Constrained writing
1114:2010-05-26 at the
1057:2018-04-13 at the
992:2015-02-15 at the
911:Ghil'ad Zuckermann
770:constrained comics
569:Jerzy Andrzejewski
552:Green Eggs and Ham
531:wrote versions of
220:Chinese literature
35:literary technique
18:Constrained comics
868:Storytelling game
791:a comic strip by
723:The 17th-century
463:. Another is the
121:Univocalic poetry
115:Reverse-lipograms
16:(Redirected from
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800:Dinosaur Comics
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710:Anna Rabinowitz
669:Emily Dickinson
533:Robinson Crusoe
505:Ella Minnow Pea
474:Cadaeic Cadenza
419:let me tell you
386:Several of the
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624:Gorm the Old
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1078:Cadaeic.net
939:28 February
834:Matt Madden
793:David Lynch
649:Mary Ruefle
601:Leo Maslíah
576:Zero Degree
493:Never Again
392:abecedarian
372:also wrote
347: [
285:: 100 words
253:group uses
200:Peter Carey
167:Palindromes
161:Abecedarius
108:avant-garde
48:Description
1143:Word games
1132:Categories
929:"L'Oulipo"
880:References
644:A Humument
498:Doug Nufer
486:Not A Wake
478:Mike Keith
446:univocalic
378:using the
327:published
224:homophones
137:tautograms
93:villanelle
54:vocabulary
737:'s song "
718:Holocaust
510:Mark Dunn
267:: 6 words
155:Acrostics
1112:Archived
1055:Archived
990:Archived
847:See also
808:Watchmen
714:Darkling
647:(1970);
637:include
614:A novel
360:Ian Monk
306:Examples
289:Twiction
277:Minisaga
233:Aleatory
202:'s book
193:Anagrams
187:number π
149:Lipogram
97:limerick
1122:Article
821:clipart
677:Of Lamb
635:erasure
628:Anglish
622:) (see
583:author
283:Drabble
251:Outrapo
239:Erasure
177:Anglish
89:sestina
56:, e.g.
1085:Eunoia
973:Snopes
863:Oulipo
830:group.
828:Oubapo
764:Comics
605:Líneas
441:Eunoia
428:Hamlet
388:Psalms
317:Gadsby
247:Oulipo
210:commas
183:Pilish
99:, and
85:sonnet
42:poetry
1095:, in
727:poet
609:Lines
581:Tamil
444:is a
413:verbs
407:) by
370:Perec
351:]
271:Haiku
171:radar
101:haiku
81:meter
77:rhyme
33:is a
941:2013
725:Odia
685:ALL
525:"a".
455:is "
390:are
299:Sijo
245:The
79:and
836:'s
779:'s
753:Ebb
739:Bob
712:'s
695:FUR
693:OF
687:KIN
675:'s
663:'s
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461:shi
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362:as
314:'s
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