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was founded in
Toronto; it is still exhibiting today. The list of objectives drawn up by the founding executive in its constitution included the "fostering of Original Art in the province, the holding of Annual Exhibitions, the formation of an Art Library and Museum and School of Art", all goals that
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Near the end of the 17th century, the population of New France was growing steadily but the territory was increasingly isolated from France. Fewer artists arrived from Europe, but artists in New France continued with commissions from the Church. Two schools were established in New France to teach the
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also helps artists by buying and publicizing their work. The
Canadian government has sponsored four official war art programs: the First World War Canadian War Memorials Fund (CWMF), the Second World War Canadian War Records (CWR), the Cold War Canadian Armed Forces Civilian Artists Program (CAFCAP),
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The First World War sparked a wide range of artistic expression: photography, film, painting, prints, reproductions, illustration, posters, craft, sculpture, and memorials. Artists initiated some of this work themselves, but the
Canadian government and private agencies sponsored the vast majority of
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and various other artists were associated with the Group of Seven but were not invited to be members. Tom
Thomson, often referred to, but never officially a member, died in 1917 due to an accident on Canoe Lake in Northern Ontario. In 1933, members of the Group of Seven decided to enlarge the group
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painted in Quebec City in 1808–09. As the title of the latter painting suggests, the work features full-length portraits of all the members of the
Woolsley family. It is celebrated in part because of its complex arrangement of figures, decorative floor panels, and the detailed view of the landscape
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that have arisen from inter-cultural relationships with
Europeans have also contributed new culturally hybrid art forms. During the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, the Canadian government pursued an active policy of assimilation toward Indigenous peoples. One of the instruments of this
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were producing art in the territory that is now called Canada for thousands of years prior to the arrival of
European settler colonists and the eventual establishment of Canada as a nation state. Like the peoples that produced them, Indigenous art traditions spanned territories that extended across
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painted pictures of
Indigenous life around the Great Lakes, Western Canada and the Oregon Territories. The figure of "the Native" played different roles in art, among others from an "intermediary of the environment" to a model of political resistance". Kane and other Western artists catered to the
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and
Adolphe Vogt, the Society of Canadian Artists in Montreal represented the possibilities these artists felt in the city as an exhibiting place for the arts. The group consisted of artists with diverse background, with many new Canadians and others of French heritage spread out over Ontario and
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The early ports of Nova Scotia and
Newfoundland did not experience the same degree of artistic growth, largely due to their Protestant beliefs in simple church decoration which did not encourage artists or sculptors. However itinerant artists, painters who travelled to various communities to sell
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followed by waves of immigration which included artists of European origins and subsequently by artists with heritage from countries all around the world. The nature of Canadian art reflects these diverse origins, as artists have taken their traditions and adapted these influences to reflect the
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views of the colonies. Many officers in the regiments sent to North America had passed through the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich where watercolour painting was part of the curriculum since watercolours were required by soldiers to record the land, as photography had not been invented.
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479:. As might be expected, art traditions vary enormously amongst and within these diverse groups. One thing that distinguishes Indigenous art from European traditions is a focus on art that tends to be made for "utilitarian, shamanistic or decorative purposes, or for pleasure", as
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was trained as a decorative and copy painter. However, this did not inhibit his artistic creativity as he was one of the first Canadian artists to depict the local landscape. Légaré is best known for his depictions of disasters such as cholera plagues, rocks slides, and fires.
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In the late 18th century, art in Lower Canada began to prosper due to a larger number of commissions from the public and Church construction. Portrait painting in particular is recognized from this period, as it allowed a higher degree of innovation and change.
689:'s drawings and watercolours were reproduced as prints to disseminate knowledge of British expansion. For instance, in 1761, Short’s sketches became the basis for a set of prints depicting the British conquest of Quebec City two years earlier. Scottish-born
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The battle for Quebec left numerous British soldiers garrisoned in strategic locations in the territory. While off-duty, many of these soldiers sketched and painted the Canadian land and people, which were often sold in European markets hungry for exotic,
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made sketches of North American territory as they explored. They also documented conflicts between European colonizers and Indigenous peoples. For instance, a drawing by Champlain, published in 1613, depicts the battle between Champlain's party and the
2732:
1717:, who represented Canada in the Venice Biennale in 2017, has attracted significant international media attention in international publications contributing to a global conversation about contemporary art in Canada, particularly for his show titled
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was the primary patron of art in early Canada, especially Quebec, and in later times, artists have combined British, French, and American artistic traditions, at times embracing European styles and at the same time, working to promote
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completed by amateur artists offered vivid impressions of life in New France. Ex-votos, or votive painting, were made as a way to thank God or the saints for answering a prayer. One of the best known examples of this type of work is
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the current national boundaries between Canada and the United States. Indigenous art traditions are often organized by art historians according to cultural, linguistic or regional groups, the most common regional distinctions being:
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Today, particularly with the work of Tom Thomson, the Group of Seven and Emily Carr, Canadian art is reaching new highs in the Canadian auction market. Tom Thomson`s work is especially recognized as a contribution to North American
580:. Pommier left France in 1664 and worked in various communities as a priest before taking up painting extensively. Painters in New France, such as Pommier and Claude François (known primarily as Frère Luc, believed in the ideals of
804:, a student of Légaré, went on to study in France, the first French Canadian artist to do so in 48 years. Plamondon went on to become the most successful artist in this period, largely through religious and portrait commissions.
2018:(edited by Jessica Bradley and Lesley Johnstone, Montreal: Artexte Information Centre, 1994) contains a number of critical texts addressing the issues around the difficulty of establishing or even defining a Canadian identity.
593:, from a wealthy Montreal family, is one of the most recognized artists from this period. Believed to be self-taught since he never left New France, Le Ber's work is widely admired. In particular, his depiction of the saint
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Many of the artworks preserved in museum collections date from the period after European contact and show evidence of the creative adoption and adaptation of European trade goods such as metal and glass beads. The distinct
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in 1968,, ensuring the recognition of artists` copyrights. Due to it, Canada became the first country to pay mandatory exhibition fees to artists. In Moncton, the creation of a fine arts department at the nascent
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art, which featured religious depictions often formally composed with seemingly classical clothing and settings. Few artists during this early period signed their works, making attributions today difficult.
1530:, an early and highly influential contributor to the development and pedagogy of the conceptual art movement, occurred. He was invited to NSCAD in 1968. His work is included in the collection of New York's
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at night when their boat overturned in rough water. Two girls drowned, weighed down by their heavy dresses, while two young men and one woman were able to hold on to the overturned boat until help arrived.
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style influenced several Lower Canadian artists who aimed for the style's light and carefree painting. However, Baillairgé did not embrace Rococo, instead focusing on sculpture and teaching influenced by
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began to publicly renew and, in some cases, re-invent indigenous art traditions. Currently there are many Indigenous artists practicing in all media in Canada and two Indigenous artists, such as
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405:(established in 1957), the national public arts funder, helping artists, art galleries and periodicals, thus contributing to the visual exposure of Canada`s heritage. The Canada Council
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1469:, as President, remade the College into an international centre for artistic activity and invited notable artists to come to NSCAD as visiting artists, particularly those involved in
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painted the Laurentians, and a contingent of artists painted Baie St. Paul in Charlevoix County, Quebec. Later painters who painted specific landscapes include the prairie painter
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in the early 1940s. It lasted till 1954, the year of the group`s last exhibition. However, their artistic influence was not quickly felt in English Canada, or indeed much beyond
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began to paint abstractly. These individual artists indirectly influenced the following generation of artists who would come to form groups of abstract art following
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Other notable moments when Canadian contemporary artists—as individuals or groups—have distinguished themselves through international recognition or collaborations:
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is often considered the first uniquely Canadian artistic group and style of painting; however, this claim is challenged by scholars and artists. Historically, the
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955:, in existence from 1907 to 1915, was formed in an effort to improve the quality of the various standard exhibitions. The founders of the Club were the painters
2401:"Portraying Indigenous Peoples in Nineteenth-Century Art: Conciliatory, Resistant, Immutable". Embracing Canada: Landscapes from Krieghoff to the Group of Seven
1689:(2017), the Museo de Arte de SĂŁo Paulo (MASP) (2020), and at numerous other international venues. His work has been purchased for public collections world wide.
1505:, became an artist-in-residence at NSCAD in 1976 and taught there till 1981. In 1984, he became a Canadian citizen, but went on to increasing fame in New York.
1372:'s exhibition "Five Painters from Regina". Though not an organized group per se, the name stuck with the 'members' and the artists continued to show together.
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1736:(2019) as part of a new series of contemporary projects presented in its Great Hall. In 2020, The Met acquired the dipytch, which consists of the paintings
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was particularly influential in nurturing an international dialogue through his teaching and exchange programs from 1972 on when he was hired at the
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with a hierarchy of members, and provided a new national context and vehicle for the promotion of the visual arts.] The RCA, under the leadership of
1433:, one of Canada`s foremost abstract sculptors, moved to New York City from Saskatchewan in 1960, and began his progression to International fame.
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as, for instance, in the following example of a show funded by the Government of Canada at the Peel Art Gallery Museum + Archives, Brampton:
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Quebec. Without group philosophical or artistic objectives, most artists tended simply to please the public in order to produce income.
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Since the 1930s, Canadian painters have developed a wide range of highly individual styles and painted in different regions of Canada.
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independently experimented with abstract or non-objective art in Canada. Some of these artists viewed abstract art as a way to explore
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was one of the first of this generation of artists. He returned to Montreal in 1781 after studying sculpture in London and Paris. The
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by giving grants to art galleries, as well as establishing and funding art schools and colleges across the country, and through the
963:, who attempted to establish higher standards through small, carefully hung shows. Membership of the Club was by invitation only.
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779:, and completed several important portraits of leading figures. For example, he painted three portraits of Kanien’kehá:ka leader
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3270:"Artist Attends Conference". Moncton Transcript, October 9, 1971, National Gallery of Canada Library and Archives, Artist`s file
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1962:
1647:. Together, these works form an extensive visual archive—a kind of who’s who—of the Toronto arts and culture scene in the 1980s.
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asserted a distinct national identity combined with a common heritage stemming from early modernism in Europe, including
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The 1960s saw the emergence of several important local and regional developments in dialogue with international trends.
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504:, including the works of art associated with them. It was not until the 1950s and 60s that Indigenous artists such as
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1136:, by changing the definition of art in Canadian society and by encouraging young artists to explore abstract themes.
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had become. As a result of a growing rejection of the view that the efforts of a group of artists based largely in
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The works of most early Canadian painters were heavily influenced by European trends. During the mid-19th century,
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2933:. Foss, Brian., Paikowsky, Sandra., Whitelaw, Anne (eds.). Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press. p. 173.
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where they were encouraged to paint outdoors in their spare time. As mature artists, Influenced by the example of
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2404:. Ian M. Thom (ed.). Vancouver and London, Eng.: Vancouver Art Gallery and Black Dog Publishing. pp. 17–23
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overseas demand for misleading and stereotypical images of violent Prairie warriors. Kane's dramatic painting
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1181:`s first show. It was named for a building at 305 Beaver Hall which provided a meeting and exhibition space.
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A second generation of artists continued this flourishing of artistic growth beginning around the 1820s.
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was hailed as "the single most moving image to survive from the French period" by Canadian art historian
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1177:(1920–1922) in Montreal, a collective of eighteen painters and one sculptor, was founded just after the
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was the first to provide artistic patronage. Abbé Hughes Pommier is believed to be the first painter in
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worked on three grid-based portrait works documenting members of Toronto’s art and cultural community:
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became famous for her paintings of totem poles, native villages, and the forests of British Columbia.
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In Toronto, Spadina Avenue in the 1960s became a hotspot for a loose affiliation of artists, notably
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1240:. The Eastern Group of Painters was formed to restore variation of purpose, method, and geography to
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arts and there were a number of artists working throughout New France up until the British Conquest.
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2710:""Tom Thomson". The Advent of Modernism : Post-Impressionism and North American Art 1900–1918"
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1593:(formerly the Vancouver School of Art). He also encouraged visits from influential figures such as
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aesthetic, not the espousal of a nationalist credo as was the case with the Group of Seven or the
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participated in the period's artistic growth. He immigrated to North America from Europe, perhaps
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Lower Canada's artists evolved independently from France as the connection was severed during the
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By the late 1930s, many Canadian artists began resenting the quasi-national institution the
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as an integral part of their spirituality. After the Group of Seven was enlarged into the
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is believed to have painted the first Newfoundland landscape in the early 18th century.
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believes this era of Canadian art was the first to develop a truly Canadian character.
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925:, actively sought to place Canadian artists in international exhibitions, such as the
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2842:. Roald Nasgaard and Ray Ellenwood. Vancouver, BC: D&M Publishers Inc. p. 7.
2712:. Peter Morrin; William C. Agee; Judith Zilczer. High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Georgia
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and the Group of Seven mythology has become an important part of national identity.
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as part of a new series of contemporary projects presented in the Met's Great Hall.
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has played a role in the development of Canadian culture, through the department of
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Recent achievements of Canadian artists are showcased online at the Canada Council
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Canadian sculpture has been enriched by the walrus ivory and soapstone carvings of
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was founded and it, too, is still active today. It was modelled after the British
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were a group of Québécois artistic dissidents from Montreal, Quebec, founded by
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Art smart : the intelligent guide to investing in the Canadian art market
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remained the predominant stylistic influence, with a growing appreciation for
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829:(1849–56) was his only work to be mass-produced and marketed in its own time.
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in 2011, are increasingly sought after and shown at international galleries.
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also was most prolific, creating views of Quebec City and its surroundings.
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was one of the first artist-soldiers to settle in Canada and later produced
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is depicted in the sky, saving them. This work was donated to the church at
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3552:"Canada - Geoffrey Farmer - A Way Out Of The Mirror - Venice Biennale 2017"
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Antimodernism and artistic experience: policing the boundaries of modernity
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writes. Such objects might be "venerated or considered ephemeral objects".
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2733:"A Canadian Modernism: The Pre-Group of Seven 'Algonquin School', 1912–17"
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The group had its genesis at Toronto's Arts & Letters Club before the
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is championed as one of the most talented. Davies recorded the capture of
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2930:"Sculpture before 1960". The Visual Arts in Canada: the Twentieth Century
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While early religious painting told little about everyday life, numerous
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1473:. Artists who made significant contributions during this period include
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From Ocean to Ocean: Nineteenth Century Water Colour Painting in Canada
1541:(in French, Le Front des artistes canadiens) was founded in Ontario by
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constituted a national vision or oeuvre, many artists—notably those in
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820:(French-Canadian farmers). At about the same time, the Canadian artist
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The way of Inuit art: aesthetics and history in and beyond the Arctic
3027:
Eighty/Twenty: 100 Years at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design
1538:
1117:
776:
735:
382:
3917:
From drawing to visual culture: a history of art education in Canada
3604:
1208:
included Montréal artists whose common interest was painting and an
426:. Canadian art remains the combination of these various influences.
2840:"The Automatiste Revolution in Painting". The Automatist Revolution
816:, a Dutch-born artist in Quebec, painted scenes of the life of the
5331:
4377:
1414:
1390:
1157:
998:
990:
846:
745:
709:
worked as a draftsman at Her Majesty's Naval Yard from 1862–79 in
646:
547:
476:
439:
330:
3245:
2535:
Records of the Founding of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts
385:. Art in Canada is marked by thousands of years of habitation by
1455:
The interdisciplinary art practice and international success of
652:
A View of Montreal in Canada, Taken from Isle St. Helena in 1762
5602:
5398:
Professional Native Indian Artists Inc. (Indian Group of Seven)
5230:
5226:
4088:
4003:
By a Lady: Celebrating Three Centuries of Art by Canadian Women
2148:
First Nations artist Rebecca Belmore creates a blanket of beads
856:
Summit Lake near Lenchoile, Bow River, Canadian Pacific Railway
873:
Formed in 1867 by a group of professional painters, including
4040:
Whitelaw, Anne; Foss, Brian; Paikowsky, Sandra, eds. (2010).
3960:(Third ed.). Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press
2628:
2626:
2624:
2622:
57:
3372:"Janet Cardiff, George Bures Miller and the Power of Sound"
1523:, active from 1967 to 1994, achieved international success.
1310:
can be said to have an influence beyond Canadian borders.
1196:—began feeling ignored and undermined. Founded in 1938 in
528:
in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Toronto-based Cree artist
4084:
1673:
in 2009, have been exhibited in solo museum shows at the
1248:(Société d'art contemporain) which was formed in 1939 by
410:
and the current Canadian Forces Artists Program (CFAP).
381:) originating from the geographical area of contemporary
1338:, also had an important impact on modern art in Canada.
1077:
Company which shipped most of its production by train.
927:
Canadian Exhibition at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
565:
that took place in present-day Lake Champlain in 1609.
4081:
A CHIN (Canadian Heritage Information Network) Resource
2851:
2849:
2499:"The Founding of the Society and its First Exhibition"
552:
Map of New France made by Samuel de Champlain in 1612.
4023:
The women of Beaver Hall: Canadian modernist painters
3030:. Halifax: Art Gallery of Nova Scotia. p. 78-80
1711:
in 2013, is increasingly recognized internationally.
967:
was the first president, and other members included
626:
as an offering of thanks for the three lives saved.
5762:
5634:
5528:
5468:
5442:
5411:
5340:
5264:
5154:
5128:
5067:
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4808:
4709:
4643:
4547:
4483:
4399:
4390:
4360:
4299:
4288:
4194:
4131:
4122:
3194:"Jack Chambers: Significance & critical issues"
1910:"Putting a spotlight on Canada's Artistic Heritage"
1342:increased opportunities to exhibit by its members.
1252:to promote an awareness of modern art in Montréal.
755:
The Burning of the Parliament Building in Montreal,
5581:Governor General's Awards in Visual and Media Arts
3937:Policy Matters: Administrations of Art and Culture
1334:, who is credited with the group's formation, and
532:is the only Canadian artist to be commissioned by
2031:. Canadian Museum of Civilization. Archived from
1088:, made up of 28 artists from across the country.
524:, who have represented Canada at the prestigious
436:Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
4043:The Visual Arts in Canada: The Twentieth Century
3173:. McIntosh Gallery, London, Ontario. p. 210
1463:Nova Scotia College of Art and Design University
902:. The Society however did not last beyond 1872.
344:. Oil on canvas, 1916, in the collection of the
3558:. National Gallery of Canada. February 20, 2018
2963:"Remembering Toronto's 1960s Spadina Art Scene"
3721:Bradley, Jessica and Lesley Johnstone. (1994)
635:works, frequented the area. Dutch-born artist
447:totem pole, Thunderbird Park, British Columbia
5614:
5242:
4100:
3900:Painters Eleven:The Wild Ones of Canadian Art
3723:Sightlines: Reading Contemporary Canadian Art
2905:, ECAS 15th Annual Exhibition catalogue essay
2870:Painters Eleven:The Wild Ones of Canadian Art
2016:Sightlines: Reading Contemporary Canadian Art
1348:is the name given to five abstract painters,
310:
8:
3528:. National Gallery of Canada. Archived from
2644:
2632:
2613:
1994:. University of Toronto Press. p. 146.
3759:Public art in Canada: critical perspectives
1662:in 2001, became internationally successful.
5621:
5607:
5599:
5249:
5235:
5227:
5064:
4814:
4640:
4396:
4296:
4171:World wars and interwar period (1914–1945)
4128:
4107:
4093:
4085:
3725:. Montreal: Artexte Information Centre, .
317:
303:
37:
5287:Canadian Artists' Representation (CARFAC)
1576:in Toronto in the early 1970s - Steele`s
1448:, who came to define the "Toronto look."
5556:Canadian pavilion at the Venice Biennale
5327:Women's Art Association of Canada (WAAC)
1916:. Government of Canada. January 14, 2020
1368:, who exhibited their works in the 1961
3756:GĂ©rin, Annie; McLean, James S. (2009),
2914:
2538:. Toronto: Globe Printing Co. 1879–80.
2077:
2065:
2053:
1900:
1591:Emily Carr University of Art and Design
788:through the open window. Art historian
49:
3957:A Concise History of Canadian Painting
3782:Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
3330:
3291:
3279:
3074:
2985:
2889:
2855:
2825:
2813:
2801:
2789:
2768:
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2601:
2485:
2155:from the original on November 12, 2015
2114:from the original on February 10, 2018
1818:Edmonton Contemporary Artists' Society
1579:Birthday Suit – with scars and defects
1420:Mother Earth: The Legend of Aataentsic
827:The Death of Omoxesisixany (Big Snake)
613:(1754). Five youths were crossing the
4873:Metropolitan areas and agglomerations
3862:Ontario Society of Artists: 100 Years
3839:Murray, Joan; Harris, Lawren (1993),
3816:Canadian Art in the Twentieth Century
3685:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
2588:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
2501:. Archives of Ontario. Archived from
2426:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
2311:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
2203:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
1964:War Art in Canada: A Critical History
1658:, who represented Canada at the 49th
7:
3778:Painting in Canada: A History 2nd ed
3508:"The Ceramic Figures of Shary Boyle"
1140:Contemporaries of the Group of Seven
771:. While not living in Lower Canada,
611:Ex-voto des trois naufragés de Lévis
5571:Artistic development of Tom Thomson
5146:Topics by provinces and territories
3920:, McGill-Queen's University Press,
3641:. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario.
3024:Stacey, Robert; Wylie, Liz (1988).
2917:, pp. 71–73, 126–128, 227–229.
2737:British Journal of Canadian Studies
2683:"Canadian Art Reaching New Summits"
2145:Charleyboy, Lisa (March 15, 2014),
2080:, pp. 77–78, 129–128, 132–133.
1268:painted Saint John, New Brunswick,
643:British Colonial period (1759–1820)
536:. In 2019, he produced the diptych
3865:. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario.
3799:, University of Washington Press,
3506:Smith, Andy (September 14, 2019).
3382:from the original on April 3, 2015
987:Nationalism and the Group of Seven
630:Early art in British North America
544:French colonial period (1665–1759)
390:reality of their lives in Canada.
25:
3687:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
3583:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
3349:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
2429:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
2314:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
2206:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
2179:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
1967:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
1734:mistikĂ´siwak (Wooden Boat People)
1601:which exposed younger artists to
1526:The video art and photography of
1403:'s best known sculptures, titled
538:mistikĂ´siwak (Wooden Boat People)
5744:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5491:Canadian Review of Music and Art
5282:Arts and Letters Club of Toronto
5209:
5208:
5196:
4066:
3146:. Museum of Modern Art, New York
2681:Dixon, Guy (December 19, 2017).
2591:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
1798:Art of Newfoundland and Labrador
1776:
1762:
1707:, who represented Canada in the
1696:, who represented Canada in the
1669:, who represented Canada at the
833:Art under the Dominion of Canada
719:Royal Military College of Canada
284:
237:Canadian Review of Music and Art
5566:Pedimental sculptures in Canada
5292:Canadian Conference of the Arts
4231:Former colonies and territories
3762:, University of Toronto Press,
3663:Auger, Emily Elisabeth (2005),
1873:Pedimental sculptures in Canada
1558:in 1963 was headed by sculptor
1216:. The group's members included
5368:Federation of Canadian Artists
5317:Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
4166:Post-Confederation (1867–1914)
3842:The Best of the Group of Seven
3434:. OCAD, 2020. October 28, 2020
3167:"The Art of London: 1830-1980"
2689:. Globe and Mail, Dec 19, 2017
1100:Beginning of non-objective art
534:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
96:Federation of Canadian Artists
1:
3580:Kent Monkman: Life & Work
3514:. Hi-Fructose, Sept 14, 2019.
3346:Arnaud Maggs: Life & Work
2927:Boyanoski, Christine (2010).
2903:"ECAS And What It Stands For"
2176:Kent Monkman: Life & Work
1936:"Canada Council for the Arts"
1572:began their pioneering early
877:, John Bell-Smith, father of
5872:United States Virgin Islands
5297:Emma Lake Artist's Workshops
3845:, McClelland & Stewart,
3736:Crandall, Richard C (2000),
3461:. National Gallery of Canada
3370:Wray, John (July 26, 2012).
3312:. Nuvo magazine, spring 1913
3120:. National Gallery of Canada
3005:. National Gallery of Canada
1465:(NSCAD). From 1967 to 1990,
685:among other scenes. Many of
5541:Canadian artist-run centres
5383:Jewish Painters of Montreal
5322:Sculptors Society of Canada
4211:Crown and Indigenous people
3873:Abstract Painting in Canada
3487:. Capture. February 5, 2021
1853:List of Canadian art awards
1703:The ceramic figure work of
879:Frederic Marlett Bell-Smith
695:Travels Through the Canadas
403:Canada Council for the Arts
111:Jewish Painters of Montreal
5929:
5388:Ontario Society of Artists
5358:Canadian Group of Painters
5101:Provincial and territorial
5024:Inventions and discoveries
4161:British Canada (1763–1867)
4005:. Toronto: Penguin Books.
3979:. Douglas & McIntyre.
3876:. Douglas & McIntyre.
3796:Art of the Northwest coast
3094:. Tate Gallery, London, UK
2398:Vigneault, Louise (2015).
1863:National Gallery of Canada
1808:Canadian Group of Painters
1726:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1370:National Gallery of Canada
1330:, particularly the artist
1287:
1272:painted Hanover, Ontario,
1214:Canadian Group of Painters
1143:
1126:Canadian Group of Painters
1086:Canadian Group of Painters
1069:. Harris helped, with Dr.
947:Canadian Group of Painters
936:
907:Ontario Society of Artists
894:as practiced by Canadians
839:Ontario Society of Artists
836:
724:
433:
346:National Gallery of Canada
116:Ontario Society of Artists
86:Canadian Group of Painters
26:
5847:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
5561:Contemporary Canadian art
5363:Eastern Group of Painters
5272:Aesthetic Research Centre
5190:
4327:Newfoundland and Labrador
3934:Robertson, Clive (2006),
3903:, Publishers Group West,
3793:Jonaitis, Aldona (2006),
3611:. Canada Council Art Bank
2873:, Publishers Group West,
2094:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1858:List of Canadian painters
1813:Eastern Group of Painters
1322:. The abstract art group
1246:Contemporary Arts Society
1206:Eastern Group of Painters
1154:Contemporary Arts Society
1150:Eastern Group of Painters
783:and his best known work,
725:Lower Canada's Golden Age
663:British Army topographers
126:Native Indian Artists Inc
91:Eastern Group of Painters
18:Contemporary Canadian art
5913:History of art in Canada
5867:Turks and Caicos Islands
5312:Maritime Art Association
4020:Walters, Evelyn (2005),
3870:Nasgaard, Roald (2008).
3775:Harper, Russell. (1981)
3635:Adamson, Jeremy (1978).
3577:Madill, Shirley (2022).
3408:. Art Gallery of Ontario
2838:Nasgaard, Roald (2009).
2731:Edwardson, Ryan (2004).
2645:Murray & Harris 1993
2633:Murray & Harris 1993
2614:Murray & Harris 1993
2173:Madill, Shirley (2022).
2135:, Encyclopedia of Canada
1848:List of Canadian artists
1742:Resurgence of the People
1395:Interior of the Toronto
1326:(1953–1960), founded in
995:Group of Seven, ca. 1920
943:Group of Seven (artists)
717:to teach drawing at the
697:in 1807 filled with his
556:Early explorers such as
4261:Persons of significance
4256:National Historic Sites
4001:Tippett, Maria (1993).
3973:Tippett, Maria (2017).
3914:Pearse, Harold (2006),
3683:Brandon, Laura (2021).
2867:Norwell, Iris. (2011),
2585:Brandon, Laura (2021).
2564:www.oxfordreference.com
2423:Brandon, Laura (2021).
2308:Brandon, Laura (2021).
2200:Brandon, Laura (2021).
1961:Brandon, Laura (2021).
1738:Welcoming the Newcomers
1732:to produce the diptych
1719:A Way Out of the Mirror
1306:and multi-media artist
29:Canadian Art (magazine)
5797:British Virgin Islands
4156:New France (1534–1763)
3897:Nowell, Iris. (2011),
3702:Bryce, Alan D (2007),
3200:. Art Canada Institute
1683:Art Gallery of Ontario
1681:, Toronto (2015), the
1426:
1412:
1302:The abstract painters
1244:. It evolved into the
1170:
1011:
996:
915:Royal Canadian Academy
870:
843:Royal Canadian Academy
760:
659:
624:Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré
553:
448:
349:
62:
27:For the magazine, see
5734:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4368:Northwest Territories
4271:Territorial evolution
3954:Reid, Dennis (2012).
3859:Murray, Joan (1972).
3813:Murray, Joan (1999).
3343:Cibola, Anne (2022).
3165:Poole, Nancy Geddes.
2999:"Garry Neill Kennedy"
2014:The essay collection
1988:Lynda Jessup (2001).
1833:Indian Group of Seven
1628:) began in the 1980s.
1556:Université de Moncton
1418:
1394:
1161:
1002:
994:
919:Royal Academy of Arts
890:originating with the
850:
749:
650:
570:Roman Catholic Church
551:
443:
334:
61:
5455:NSCAD conceptual art
4342:Prince Edward Island
4075:at Wikimedia Commons
3819:. Toronto: Dundurn.
3739:Inuit art: a history
3485:capturephotofest.com
3402:"Mark Lewis. Canada"
3306:"Artist Ian Wallace"
3050:"Krzysztof Wodiczko"
2505:on September 7, 2015
1724:In 2019, New York’s
1582:(1974) is a classic.
1532:Museum of Modern Art
1424:Jacques-Cartier Park
1230:Jack Weldon Humphrey
1218:Alexander Bercovitch
1167:Village Street Scene
977:James Wilson Morrice
785:The Woolsley Family,
711:Halifax, Nova Scotia
615:Saint Lawrence River
595:Marguerite Bourgeoys
395:Government of Canada
199:NSCAD conceptual art
5749:Trinidad and Tobago
5644:Antigua and Barbuda
5546:Canadian art awards
4697:Firearms regulation
3976:Sculpture in Canada
3532:on October 13, 2013
2749:10.3828/bjcs.17.1.6
2560:"Canadian Art Club"
2035:on October 20, 2009
1656:George Bures Miller
1467:Garry Neill Kennedy
1459:began in the 1960s.
1043:Franklin Carmichael
814:Cornelius Krieghoff
732:François Baillairgé
558:Samuel de Champlain
5684:Dominican Republic
5629:North American art
5424:London Regionalism
4878:Population centres
3605:"Artist Spotlight"
3376:The New York Times
3333:, p. 208-209.
3226:. Order of Moncton
3192:Cheetham, Mark A.
2968:2015-01-04 at the
2828:, p. 93, 140.
2687:The Globe and Mail
2566:. Oxford Reference
1687:Mark Lewis. Canada
1614:Photoconceptualism
1545:, with the aid of
1519:under the name of
1503:Krzysztof Wodiczko
1427:
1413:
1316:Paul-Émile Borduas
1304:Jean-Paul Riopelle
1284:After World War II
1250:John Goodwin Lyman
1234:John Goodwin Lyman
1210:art for art's sake
1171:
1094:Post-Impressionism
1063:J. E. H. MacDonald
1024:Post-Impressionism
1012:
997:
933:Early 20th century
910:were fulfilled.
871:
858:. (1886) Possibly
808:Krieghoff and Kane
761:
660:
554:
452:Indigenous peoples
449:
387:Indigenous peoples
350:
154:London Regionalism
63:
5880:
5879:
5769:other territories
5596:
5595:
5551:Canadian painters
5353:Canadian Art Club
5348:Beaver Hall Group
5224:
5223:
5203:Canada portal
5124:
5123:
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4660:Political parties
4628:Foreign relations
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4430:Canadian Prairies
4420:Pacific Northwest
4386:
4385:
4284:
4283:
4241:Foreign relations
4079:Artists in Canada
4071:Media related to
4026:, Dundurn Press,
3986:978-1-771-62094-9
3909:978-1-55365-590-9
3806:978-1-55365-210-6
3769:978-0-8020-9847-4
3708:, Dundurn Group,
3694:978-1-4871-0271-5
3590:978-1-4871-0280-7
3526:"Venice Biennale"
3356:978-1-4871-0276-0
3310:Nuovomagazine.com
3304:Harris, Michael.
2940:978-0-19-542125-5
2879:978-1-55365-590-9
2436:978-1-4871-0271-5
2321:978-1-4871-0271-5
2213:978-1-4871-0271-5
2186:978-1-4871-0280-7
2107:Norval Morrisseau
2001:978-0-8020-8354-8
1974:978-1-4871-0271-5
1803:Beaver Hall Group
1692:The paintings of
1256:1930s regionalism
1222:Goodridge Roberts
1175:Beaver Hall Group
1146:Beaver Hall Group
1128:, in about 1936,
961:Curtis Williamson
953:Canadian Art Club
939:Canadian Art Club
802:Antoine Plamondon
790:J. Russell Harper
765:French Revolution
715:Kingston, Ontario
514:Norval Morrisseau
469:Eastern Woodlands
461:Northwest Plateau
399:Canadian Heritage
327:
326:
291:Canada portal
81:Canadian Art Club
76:Beaver Hall Group
16:(Redirected from
5920:
5837:Saint Barthélemy
5636:Sovereign states
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5536:Canadian artists
5434:Vancouver School
5419:Les Automatistes
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4588:House of Commons
4572:Governor General
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4312:British Columbia
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4151:Pre-colonization
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2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2025:
2019:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1940:www.linkedin.com
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1905:
1888:Vancouver School
1883:Woodlands School
1838:Les Automatistes
1786:
1781:
1780:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1685:which organized
1677:, Paris (2014),
1610:Vancouver School
1407:, which depicts
1387:Contemporary art
1350:Kenneth Lochhead
1312:Les Automatistes
1290:Les Automatistes
1067:Frederick Varley
868:British Columbia
582:High Renaissance
352:
351:
328:
319:
312:
305:
289:
288:
287:
176:Vancouver School
149:Les Automatistes
60:
38:
21:
5928:
5927:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5918:
5917:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5770:
5768:
5758:
5630:
5627:
5597:
5592:
5524:
5464:
5460:Woodlands style
5438:
5407:
5393:Painters Eleven
5336:
5302:Heliconian Club
5260:
5255:
5225:
5220:
5197:
5195:
5186:
5150:
5120:
5063:
4975:
4966:Social programs
4932:Law enforcement
4887:
4861:
4804:
4701:
4639:
4539:
4479:
4466:Atlantic Canada
4444:Canadian Shield
4439:Northern Canada
4406:
4405:
4382:
4356:
4292:and territories
4291:
4280:
4190:
4137:
4118:
4113:
4063:
4058:
4049:
4047:
4039:
4034:
4019:
4013:
4000:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3953:
3948:
3933:
3928:
3913:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3869:
3858:
3853:
3838:
3829:
3827:
3812:
3807:
3792:
3770:
3755:
3750:
3735:
3716:
3701:
3695:
3682:
3677:
3662:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3634:
3630:
3628:Further reading
3625:
3624:
3614:
3612:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3591:
3576:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3559:
3556:www.youtube.com
3550:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3437:
3435:
3432:www.youtube.com
3426:
3425:
3421:
3411:
3409:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3315:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3290:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3123:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3033:
3031:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2984:
2980:
2976:, July 11, 2014
2970:Wayback Machine
2961:Peter Goddard,
2960:
2956:
2941:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2913:
2909:
2900:
2896:
2888:
2884:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2847:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2792:, p. 34ff.
2788:
2784:
2779:
2775:
2771:, p. 38ff.
2767:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2715:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2690:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2667:
2663:
2659:, p. 22ff.
2655:
2651:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2600:
2596:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2569:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2546:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:Harper, 179–81.
2466:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2280:"Adamson, p.5."
2279:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2214:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2115:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1919:
1917:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1868:Painters Eleven
1843:Les Plasticiens
1793:Dance in Canada
1782:
1775:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1715:Geoffrey Farmer
1709:Venice Biennale
1698:Venice Biennale
1679:The Power Plant
1675:Musée du Louvre
1671:Venice Biennale
1660:Venice Biennial
1599:Robert Smithson
1499:Claes Oldenburg
1491:Lawrence Weiner
1442:Graham Coughtry
1399:showing one of
1389:
1381:their mythology
1340:Painters Eleven
1324:Painters Eleven
1300:
1294:Painters Eleven
1288:Main articles:
1286:
1278:William Kurelek
1258:
1163:Kathleen Morris
1156:
1144:Main articles:
1142:
1114:Lowrie Warrener
1110:Bertram Brooker
1102:
1084:and formed the
1071:James MacCallum
1039:First World War
989:
969:William Brymner
949:
937:Main articles:
935:
892:Barbizon school
864:Sherbrooke Lake
845:
837:Main articles:
835:
810:
769:Napoleonic Wars
727:
665:
654:
645:
632:
546:
526:Venice Biennale
522:Rebecca Belmore
492:policy was the
457:Northwest Coast
438:
432:
419:Catholic Church
329:
323:
285:
283:
276:
275:
217:
209:
208:
204:Woodlands style
189:
181:
180:
144:
136:
135:
121:Painters Eleven
71:
58:
36:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5926:
5924:
5916:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5903:Arts in Canada
5900:
5898:Art by country
5895:
5885:
5884:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5857:Sint Eustatius
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5802:Cayman Islands
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5773:
5771:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5640:
5638:
5632:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5625:
5618:
5611:
5603:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5583:
5578:
5576:Canada Council
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5515:
5508:
5501:
5494:
5487:
5484:Canadian Forum
5480:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5446:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5415:
5413:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5378:Group of Seven
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5344:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5261:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5231:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5218:
5206:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5167:Historiography
5164:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5062:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4985:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4883:Municipalities
4880:
4875:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4821:
4819:
4812:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4795:Transportation
4792:
4787:
4782:
4780:Stock exchange
4777:
4776:
4775:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4748:Communications
4745:
4744:
4743:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4715:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4662:
4657:
4651:
4649:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4594:Prime Minister
4591:
4585:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4564:
4559:
4553:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4515:National Parks
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4461:Eastern Canada
4458:
4457:
4456:
4449:Central Canada
4446:
4441:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4422:
4415:Western Canada
4411:
4409:
4407:(west to east)
4394:
4388:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4303:
4301:
4294:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4206:Constitutional
4202:
4200:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4076:
4062:
4061:External links
4059:
4057:
4056:
4037:
4032:
4017:
4011:
3998:
3985:
3970:
3951:
3946:
3931:
3926:
3911:
3895:
3882:
3867:
3856:
3851:
3836:
3810:
3805:
3790:
3773:
3768:
3753:
3748:
3733:
3719:
3714:
3699:
3693:
3680:
3675:
3660:
3647:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3596:
3589:
3569:
3543:
3517:
3512:hifructose.com
3498:
3472:
3459:www.gallery.ca
3445:
3419:
3393:
3362:
3355:
3335:
3323:
3296:
3284:
3282:, p. 177.
3272:
3263:
3237:
3224:www.moncton.ca
3211:
3198:www.aci-iac.ca
3184:
3157:
3131:
3118:www.gallery.ca
3105:
3088:"General Idea"
3079:
3077:, p. 176.
3067:
3041:
3016:
3003:www.gallery.ca
2990:
2988:, p. 140.
2978:
2954:
2939:
2919:
2907:
2901:Terry Fenton,
2894:
2892:, p. 101.
2882:
2860:
2845:
2830:
2818:
2806:
2794:
2782:
2773:
2761:
2723:
2708:Murray, Joan.
2700:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2637:
2618:
2606:
2594:
2577:
2551:
2544:
2525:
2523:"Adamson, p.14
2516:
2490:
2478:
2476:"Adamson, p.12
2469:
2460:
2451:
2449:"Adamson, p.12
2442:
2435:
2415:
2390:
2381:
2372:
2363:
2354:
2352:Harper, 56-62.
2345:
2343:"Adamson, p.5"
2336:
2327:
2320:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2271:Harper, 27–28.
2264:
2262:Harper, 14-15.
2255:
2246:
2244:Harper, 19–20.
2237:
2228:
2219:
2212:
2192:
2185:
2165:
2137:
2133:Edward Poitras
2125:
2097:
2082:
2070:
2068:, pp. 75.
2058:
2046:
2020:
2007:
2000:
1980:
1973:
1953:
1927:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1828:Group of Seven
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1773:
1757:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1722:
1712:
1701:
1694:Steven Shearer
1690:
1663:
1650:The career of
1648:
1629:
1606:
1603:conceptual art
1585:In Vancouver,
1583:
1566:Colin Campbell
1563:
1560:Claude Roussel
1535:
1528:David Askevold
1524:
1506:
1471:conceptual art
1460:
1388:
1385:
1358:Douglas Morton
1332:William Ronald
1285:
1282:
1257:
1254:
1186:Group of Seven
1179:Group of Seven
1141:
1138:
1104:In the 1920s,
1101:
1098:
1055:Frank Johnston
1016:Group of Seven
988:
985:
973:Maurice Cullen
934:
931:
900:Horatio Walker
834:
831:
809:
806:
773:William Berczy
726:
723:
721:from 1879–97.
713:then moved to
703:James Cockburn
664:
661:
644:
641:
631:
628:
572:in and around
545:
542:
518:Edward Poitras
489:MĂ©tis cultures
434:Main article:
431:
430:Indigenous art
428:
415:Group of Seven
357:refers to the
325:
324:
322:
321:
314:
307:
299:
296:
295:
294:
293:
278:
277:
274:
273:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
233:
230:Canadian Forum
226:
218:
215:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
201:
196:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
179:
178:
173:
172:
171:
161:
156:
151:
145:
142:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
106:Group of Seven
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
72:
69:
68:
65:
64:
54:
53:
47:
46:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5925:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5766:
5761:
5755:
5754:United States
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5633:
5624:
5619:
5617:
5612:
5610:
5605:
5604:
5601:
5589:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5500:
5499:
5498:FILE Megazine
5495:
5493:
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5280:
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5277:Art Metropole
5275:
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5265:Organizations
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5049:Protectionism
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4724:Dairy farming
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4609:
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4471:The Maritimes
4469:
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4322:New Brunswick
4320:
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4226:First Nations
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4110:
4105:
4103:
4098:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4073:Art of Canada
4069:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4045:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4033:1-55002-588-0
4029:
4025:
4024:
4018:
4014:
4012:0-14-016955-5
4008:
4004:
3999:
3988:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3971:
3959:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:0-920397-36-0
3943:
3940:, YYZ Books,
3939:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3927:0-7735-3070-3
3923:
3919:
3918:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3885:
3883:9781553653943
3879:
3875:
3874:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3857:
3854:
3852:0-7710-6674-0
3848:
3844:
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3837:
3826:
3822:
3818:
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3811:
3808:
3802:
3798:
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3789:
3788:0-8020-6307-1
3785:
3781:
3779:
3774:
3771:
3765:
3761:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3749:0-7864-0711-5
3745:
3742:, McFarland,
3741:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3731:2-9800632-9-0
3728:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3715:9781550026764
3711:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3678:
3676:0-7864-1888-5
3672:
3669:, McFarland,
3668:
3667:
3661:
3650:
3648:9780919876255
3644:
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3509:
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3499:
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3482:
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3473:
3460:
3456:
3453:Lewis, Mark.
3449:
3446:
3433:
3429:
3423:
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3407:
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3397:
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3377:
3373:
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3327:
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3311:
3307:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3251:
3250:www.carfac.ca
3247:
3241:
3238:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3199:
3195:
3188:
3185:
3172:
3171:ir.lib.uwo.ca
3168:
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3135:
3132:
3119:
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2898:
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2891:
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2883:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2864:
2861:
2858:, p. 96.
2857:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2822:
2819:
2816:, p. 63.
2815:
2810:
2807:
2804:, p. 80.
2803:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2783:
2780:Nasgaard, 14.
2777:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2724:
2711:
2704:
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2688:
2684:
2677:
2674:
2671:, p. 78.
2670:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2647:, p. 11.
2646:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2607:
2604:, p. 32.
2603:
2598:
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2578:
2565:
2561:
2555:
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2547:
2545:9780665132964
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2059:
2056:, p. 14.
2055:
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2034:
2030:
2029:"Exhibitions"
2024:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1957:
1954:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1915:
1914:www.canada.ca
1911:
1904:
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1799:
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1779:
1774:
1771:
1770:Canada portal
1760:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1728:commissioned
1727:
1723:
1720:
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1710:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1665:The films of
1664:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1652:Janet Cardiff
1649:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1622:Rodney Graham
1619:
1615:
1611:
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1600:
1596:
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1588:
1584:
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1580:
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1547:Tony Urquhart
1544:
1543:Jack Chambers
1540:
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1522:
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1468:
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1454:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1446:Robert Markle
1443:
1439:
1438:Gordon Rayner
1434:
1432:
1431:Robert Murray
1425:
1421:
1417:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:Inuit artists
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:Ronald Bloore
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
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1313:
1309:
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1291:
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1275:
1271:
1270:Carl Schaefer
1267:
1266:Jack Humphrey
1263:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1226:Eric Goldberg
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
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1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:Lawren Harris
1127:
1123:
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1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:Kathleen Munn
1099:
1097:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1076:
1075:Massey-Harris
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1059:Arthur Lismer
1056:
1052:
1051:A. Y. Jackson
1048:
1047:Lawren Harris
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:Impressionism
1017:
1009:
1005:
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993:
986:
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978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:Edmund Morris
954:
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944:
940:
932:
930:
928:
924:
923:Robert Harris
920:
916:
913:In 1880, the
911:
908:
905:In 1872, the
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
876:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
844:
840:
832:
830:
828:
823:
819:
815:
807:
805:
803:
798:
797:Joseph Légaré
793:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
758:
756:
752:
751:Joseph Légaré
748:
744:
742:
741:Neoclassicism
737:
733:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
691:George Heriot
688:
687:Richard Short
684:
680:
676:
675:Thomas Davies
671:
662:
658:
657:Thomas Davies
653:
649:
642:
640:
638:
629:
627:
625:
621:
616:
612:
607:
602:
600:
596:
592:
591:Pierre Le Ber
586:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
563:Haudenosaunee
559:
550:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
484:
482:
481:Maria Tippett
478:
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466:
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458:
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442:
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429:
427:
425:
420:
416:
411:
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404:
400:
396:
391:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:) as well as
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
347:
343:
339:
338:
337:The Jack Pine
333:
320:
315:
313:
308:
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300:
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292:
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248:
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245:
244:FILE Megazine
241:
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66:
56:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
39:
34:
30:
19:
5893:Canadian art
5862:Sint Maarten
5842:Saint Martin
5765:Dependencies
5663:
5587:Refus Global
5585:
5517:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5477:Canadian Art
5475:
5450:Formline art
5373:General Idea
5258:Canadian art
5257:
5213:
5194:
5162:Bibliography
5084:Coat of arms
5068:
4993:
4989:Architecture
4959:Homelessness
4810:Demographics
4729:Floriculture
4665:Human rights
4644:
4633:Peacekeeping
4562:Constitution
4484:
4425:Great Plains
4400:
4352:Saskatchewan
4195:
4139:
4132:
4048:. Retrieved
4042:
4022:
4002:
3990:. Retrieved
3975:
3962:. Retrieved
3956:
3936:
3916:
3898:
3887:. Retrieved
3872:
3861:
3841:
3828:. Retrieved
3815:
3795:
3776:
3758:
3738:
3722:
3704:
3684:
3665:
3652:. Retrieved
3637:
3613:. Retrieved
3608:
3599:
3579:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3555:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
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2023:
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1963:
1956:
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1939:
1930:
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1913:
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1823:General Idea
1747:
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1718:
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1626:Stan Douglas
1595:Lucy Lippard
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1475:Vito Acconci
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1397:Eaton Centre
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1308:Michael Snow
1301:
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1242:Canadian art
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1103:
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506:Mungo Martin
485:
450:
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375:plastic arts
355:Canadian art
354:
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223:Canadian Art
221:
194:Formline art
101:General Idea
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5832:Puerto Rico
5739:Saint Lucia
5689:El Salvador
5403:Regina Five
5341:Collectives
5044:Individuals
4852:2021 Census
4837:Immigration
4719:Agriculture
4680:Transgender
4520:Great Lakes
4500:Earthquakes
4454:Great Lakes
4361:Territories
4332:Nova Scotia
4251:Monarchical
4236:Immigration
3465:October 22,
3331:Murray 1999
3292:Murray 1999
3280:Murray 1999
3075:Murray 1999
2986:Murray 1999
2890:Murray 1999
2856:Murray 1999
2826:Murray 1999
2814:Murray 1999
2802:Murray 1999
2790:Murray 1999
2769:Murray 1999
2669:Murray 1999
2657:Murray 1999
2602:Murray 1999
2486:Murray 1972
2370:Harper, 67.
2090:"Bill Reid"
1942:. linked in
1878:Regina Five
1705:Shary Boyle
1616:(including
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1570:Lisa Steele
1537:CAR, later
1513:Felix Partz
1487:Eric Fischl
1346:Regina Five
1298:Regina Five
1032:Tom Thomson
884:Romanticism
875:John Fraser
852:John Fraser
707:Forshaw Day
670:picturesque
599:Dennis Reid
574:Quebec City
424:nationalism
371:printmaking
367:photography
361:(including
342:Tom Thomson
131:Regina Five
70:Collectives
5887:Categories
5827:Montserrat
5822:Martinique
5817:Guadeloupe
5669:Costa Rica
5429:Plasticien
5307:Intermedia
5172:Historians
5029:Literature
4942:Corruption
4925:Euthanasia
4915:Healthcare
4857:Population
4579:Parliament
4549:Government
4186:since 1982
3609:artbank.ca
3438:October 3,
3412:October 3,
2226:Harper, 3.
1895:References
1784:Art portal
1667:Mark Lewis
1509:AA Bronson
1483:Dan Graham
1479:Sol LeWitt
1411:in flight.
1405:Flightstop
1362:Ted Godwin
1274:John Lyman
1262:Emily Carr
1238:Jori Smith
1081:Emily Carr
860:Paget Peak
620:Saint Anne
578:New France
494:Indian Act
164:Indigenous
159:Plasticien
5908:Canadiana
5812:Greenland
5724:Nicaragua
5699:Guatemala
5512:Parachute
5412:Movements
4947:Terrorism
4903:Education
4842:Languages
4830:Ethnicity
4825:Canadians
4773:Petroleum
4753:Companies
4655:Elections
4535:Volcanism
4510:Mountains
4392:Geography
4300:Provinces
4290:Provinces
4221:Etymology
4181:1960–1981
4176:1945–1960
4134:Year list
4050:March 17,
3992:March 18,
3889:March 23,
3830:March 17,
3825:260193722
3654:March 23,
3615:March 26,
3562:August 2,
3386:March 20,
3316:March 20,
3256:March 30,
3230:March 30,
3204:March 20,
3177:March 29,
3150:March 27,
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3098:March 21,
3060:March 21,
3054:art21.org
3034:March 26,
3009:March 20,
2949:432401392
2754:March 21,
2716:March 21,
2693:March 21,
2570:March 26,
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2388:Reid, 42.
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2361:Reid, 28.
2334:Reid, 19.
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2118:March 23,
2039:March 24,
1946:March 23,
1920:March 24,
1631:In 1981,
1618:Jeff Wall
1574:video art
1336:Jack Bush
1122:mysticism
1118:symbolism
1028:Grip Ltd.
1010:from 1914
1004:Red Maple
929:in 1904.
822:Paul Kane
818:habitants
679:Louisburg
510:Bill Reid
498:Sun Dance
473:Subarctic
379:sculpture
377:(such as
258:Parachute
169:Inuit art
143:Movements
5777:Anguilla
5709:Honduras
5679:Dominica
5654:Barbados
5519:Vanguard
5215:Category
5155:Research
5129:Contents
5111:Heraldic
5019:Identity
5014:Holidays
5009:Folklore
4920:Abortion
4847:Religion
4785:Taxation
4692:Cannabis
4670:Intersex
4646:Politics
4618:Military
4530:Wildlife
4317:Manitoba
4246:Military
4216:Economic
4141:timeline
3964:June 12,
3491:July 24,
3380:Archived
3252:. CARFAC
2966:Archived
2153:archived
2112:Archived
1756:See also
1750:Art Bank
1645:Downwind
1637:48 Views
1320:Montreal
1198:Montréal
767:and the
701:prints.
699:aquatint
683:Montreal
606:ex-votos
502:Potlatch
500:and the
407:Art Bank
363:painting
265:Vanguard
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5787:Bermuda
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5694:Grenada
5649:Bahamas
5529:Related
5182:Surveys
5177:Studies
5141:Outline
5116:Tartans
5070:Symbols
5059:Theatre
5004:Cuisine
4981:Culture
4954:Poverty
4896:Society
4790:Tourism
4763:Fishing
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4711:Economy
4567:Monarch
4505:Islands
4402:Regions
4373:Nunavut
4337:Ontario
4307:Alberta
4124:History
3536:May 13,
3056:. Art21
2408:May 20,
1641:Turning
1328:Toronto
1190:Ontario
888:Realism
5729:Panama
5719:Mexico
5664:Canada
5659:Belize
5443:Styles
5079:Anthem
5054:Sports
4999:Cinema
4971:Values
4818:Topics
4758:Energy
4741:Dollar
4606:Courts
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383:Canada
369:, and
359:visual
271:Awards
188:Styles
45:on the
5782:Aruba
5704:Haiti
5469:Media
5332:Vtape
5136:Index
5106:Royal
5039:Media
5034:Music
4937:Crime
4866:Lists
4378:Yukon
4276:Women
445:Haida
216:Media
5852:Saba
5674:Cuba
5505:Fuse
5094:List
5089:Flag
4675:LGBT
4599:list
4052:2021
4028:ISBN
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3981:ISBN
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