546:
531:
55:
33:
512:
In this large genus the cells are very variable. All are constricted in the middle leading to its bi-lobed appearance; the two halves are called semicells. Cells come in a variety of different shapes. The cell wall may be smooth or ornamented with spines, granules, scrobiculations (pits), or pores.
606:
is the largest genus of desmids, with over 1,000 species. It is an artificial genus: the defining characteristics of the genus are vague and arbitrary, and there are some species that are intermediate between several different genera. It is also not
630:, somewhat acidic water habitats, but some species exist in more eutrophic and/or basic habitats. Some species, which are small and mostly plain, form a community known as a "Cosmarietum"; these may be further associated with a community of
652:
Gontcharov AA, Marin BA, Melkonian MA (January 2003). "Molecular phylogeny of conjugating green algae (Zygnemophyceae, Streptophyta) inferred from SSU rDNA sequence comparisons".
615:
evolved independently many times over. Despite this, the genus is still in use, because there is no known way of classifying desmids in line with their evolutionary history.
545:
746:
Hall, John D.; McCourt, Richard M. (2014). "Chapter 9. Conjugating Green Algae
Including Desmids". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.).
1024:
699:
687:
530:
959:
998:
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255:
157:
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360:
297:
143:
873:
430:
416:
262:
185:
171:
150:
571:
depends on the shape of the cells and their ornamentation, and can be difficult. In addition, the genera
472:
388:
346:
339:
325:
227:
220:
136:
1127:
801:"In search of monophyletic taxa in the family Desmidiaceae (Zygnematophyceae, Viridiplantae): The genus
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304:
276:
213:
192:
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374:
283:
241:
206:
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489:
911:
32:
1121:
573:
69:
1091:
776:
A Synopsis of North
American Desmids. Part II: Desmidiaceae: Placodermae. Section 3
608:
109:
1016:
972:
905:
514:
501:
497:
99:
665:
632:
493:
79:
896:
946:
920:
863:. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
859:
774:
Prescott, G. W.; Croasdale, H. T.; Vinyard, W. C.; Bicudo, C. E. M. (1981).
1078:
832:
673:
720:
New Survey of Clare Island Volume 6: The
Freshwater and Terrestrial Algae.
1073:
890:
579:
518:
823:
800:
695:
964:
977:
867:
951:
595:
usually (but not always) has a notch at the tip of each semicell.
990:
611:, as molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the form of
871:
938:
748:
Freshwater Algae of North
America: Ecology and Classification
513:
Cells are generally flattened. Cells usually have one or two
718:
Guiry, M.D., John, D.M., Rindi, F. and McCarthy, Y.K. 2007.
636:
species forming a
Cosmarietum-Closterietum association.
778:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 720.
880:
769:
767:
700:National Center for Biotechnology Information
8:
591:is generally circular in cross section, and
517:filling the cell; each chloroplast contains
868:
741:
739:
737:
735:
31:
20:
822:
492:of freshwater organisms belonging to the
644:
626:and other desmid genera tend to prefer
526:
583:can be similar to various species of
7:
1040:6ae8a9fc-95fd-4438-911b-27194054b528
799:Gontcharov AA, Melkonian M (2008).
14:
544:
529:
53:
1066:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33111-1
1:
554:, with a granulated cell wall
750:(2 ed.). Elsevier Inc.
500:from which the land plants (
693:. Data extracted from the
1149:
567:Species identification of
849:Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M.
696:"NCBI taxonomy resources"
666:10.1007/s00239-002-2383-4
539:, with a smooth cell wall
132:
127:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
521:, typically one or two.
552:Cosmarium pseudamoenum
722:Royal Irish Academy.
691:webpage on Cosmarium
824:10.3732/ajb.0800046
537:Cosmarium quadratum
42:Cosmarium botrytis
1133:Charophyta genera
1115:
1114:
1048:Open Tree of Life
874:Taxon identifiers
757:978-0-12-385876-4
728:978-1-904890-31-7
481:
480:
368:C. pseudoconnatum
270:C. furcatospermum
235:C. elegantissimum
1140:
1108:
1107:
1095:
1094:
1082:
1081:
1069:
1068:
1056:
1055:
1043:
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1020:
1019:
1017:NHMSYS0000601192
1007:
1006:
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954:
942:
941:
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916:
915:
914:
901:
900:
899:
869:
864:
854:
837:
836:
826:
817:(9): 1079–1095.
796:
790:
789:
771:
762:
761:
743:
730:
716:
710:
709:
707:
706:
684:
678:
677:
649:
548:
533:
496:, a division of
424:C. subprotumidum
403:C. sp. ACKU 1232
333:C. norimbergense
249:C. fontarabiense
90:Zygnematophyceae
58:
57:
35:
21:
1148:
1147:
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651:
650:
646:
642:
621:
601:
565:
560:
559:
558:
555:
549:
540:
534:
510:
459:C. trilobulatum
382:C. rectangulare
319:C. levinotabile
256:C. fontrabiense
158:C. bisphaericum
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1146:
1144:
1136:
1135:
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1120:
1119:
1113:
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1096:
1092:wfo-4000009440
1083:
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1044:
1034:
1021:
1008:
995:
982:
969:
956:
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843:External links
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563:Identification
561:
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541:
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528:
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509:
506:
479:
478:
477:
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448:
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427:
420:
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410:C. subcostatum
406:
399:
396:C. sexangulare
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
361:C. pachydermum
357:
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343:
336:
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322:
315:
308:
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298:C. impressulum
294:
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238:
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224:
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196:
189:
182:
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144:C. auriculatum
140:
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16:Genus of algae
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785:9780835737920
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721:
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692:
689:
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660:(1): 89–104.
659:
655:
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589:Actinotaenium
586:
582:
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574:Actinotaenium
570:
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491:
487:
486:
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474:
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468:
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454:
453:
452:C. tetragonum
449:
447:
446:
442:
440:
439:
435:
433:
432:
431:C. subtumidum
428:
426:
425:
421:
419:
418:
417:C. subcucumis
414:
412:
411:
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293:
292:
288:
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279:
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264:
263:C. formosulum
260:
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209:
208:
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202:
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195:
194:
190:
188:
187:
186:C. contractum
183:
181:
180:
176:
174:
173:
172:C. borgesenii
169:
167:
166:
162:
160:
159:
155:
153:
152:
151:C. bioculatum
148:
146:
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134:
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126:
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70:Viridiplantae
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65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1128:Desmidiaceae
881:
858:
814:
808:
802:
794:
775:
747:
719:
714:
703:. Retrieved
682:
657:
654:J. Mol. Evol
653:
647:
631:
628:oligotrophic
623:
622:
612:
609:monophyletic
603:
602:
592:
588:
584:
578:
572:
568:
566:
551:
536:
515:chloroplasts
511:
484:
483:
482:
473:C. undulatum
471:
464:
457:
450:
443:
436:
429:
422:
415:
408:
401:
394:
389:C. reniforme
387:
380:
373:
366:
359:
352:
347:C. obtusatum
345:
340:C. obsoletum
338:
331:
326:C. lundellii
324:
317:
310:
303:
296:
289:
282:
275:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
233:
228:C. dilatatum
226:
221:C. depressum
219:
212:
205:
198:
191:
184:
177:
170:
163:
156:
149:
142:
137:C. angulosum
135:
120:
119:
110:Desmidiaceae
76:(unranked):
63:
40:
24:
18:
973:iNaturalist
906:Wikispecies
508:Description
504:) emerged.
502:Embryophyta
498:green algae
438:C. succisum
305:C. isthmium
277:C. granatum
214:C. dentatum
193:C. costatum
179:C. botrytis
100:Desmidiales
1122:Categories
705:2007-03-19
640:References
633:Closterium
494:Charophyta
466:C. tumidum
375:C. quadrum
284:C. hammeri
242:C. exiguum
207:C. debaryi
200:C. cucumis
165:C. blyttii
80:Charophyta
921:AlgaeBase
912:Cosmarium
882:Cosmarium
860:AlgaeBase
853:Cosmarium
803:Cosmarium
624:Cosmarium
613:Cosmarium
604:Cosmarium
585:Cosmarium
569:Cosmarium
519:pyrenoids
485:Cosmarium
291:C. humile
121:Cosmarium
25:Cosmarium
1079:40015029
1074:Tropicos
891:Wikidata
833:21632428
810:Am J Bot
686:See the
674:12569426
599:Taxonomy
593:Euastrum
580:Euastrum
445:C. tenue
354:C. ovale
312:C. laeve
128:Species
106:Family:
991:33111-1
965:2648709
897:Q309516
619:Habitat
116:Genus:
96:Order:
86:Class:
1105:478557
1053:755483
1037:NZOR:
978:203646
831:
782:
754:
726:
672:
1100:WoRMS
1030:33100
952:1CWRG
939:11647
926:43526
490:genus
488:is a
64:Clade
1061:POWO
1025:NCBI
1004:7848
999:ITIS
986:IPNI
960:GBIF
947:EPPO
829:PMID
780:ISBN
752:ISBN
724:ISBN
688:NCBI
670:PMID
577:and
1087:WFO
1012:NBN
934:EoL
819:doi
662:doi
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66::
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851:"
835:.
821::
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788:.
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664::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
