86:, have been substituted since they form vapors at much lower temperatures, in the range 300 °C - 600 °C, but operation at such temperatures remains difficult. Copper compound vapors also increase the complexity of the pump signal applied to the device. Typically, two energizing pulses in quick succession are required, the first to dissociate vapor molecules, and the second to cause the dissociated ions to lase.
66:
a self-heating concept which allowed to tremendously increase efficiency of the cooper (copper?) vapor laser and start their industrial production. (Isaev A.A., Kazaryan M.A., Petrash G.G. Effective Pulsed Copper-vapor Laser with High
Average Generation Power. Zhurnal eksperimental'noi i teoreticheskoi fiziki, 1972, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 40–42. (English translation: JETP Letters, 1972, vol. 16, iss. 1, pp. 27–29.)
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W.T. Walter et al. were first who received laser generation of the copper vapour lasers (Walter W.T., Piltch M., Solimene N., Gould G. Pulsed laser action in atomic copper vapor. Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., 1966, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 113.). In 1971 A.A.Isaev, M.A.Kazaryan and G.G.Petrash have invented
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Lasers using pure metal vapor produced from an elemental copper source are difficult to construct because of the extremely high temperature, about 1500 °C, necessary to create such vapor, severely limiting the materials for the vapor containment vessel and mirrors. Copper halides, specifically
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S. Gabay, P.Blau, M. Lando,I. Druckman, Z.Horvitz,Y.Yfrah, I. Hen, E. Miron and I. Smilanski (1991). "Stabilization of high power copper vapor laser".
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I. Smilanski, L.A. Levin, and G. Erez (1980). "Kinetics of population inversion in a copper-vapor laser investigated by a modified hook method".
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McNeil, J. R.; Collins, G. J.; Persson, K. B.; Franzen, D. L. (1976-02-15). "Ultraviolet laser action from Cu II in the 2500‐Å region".
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Jain, K.; Newton, S. A. (1981). "Operating characteristics of UV and IR hollow-cathode silver, gold and copper ion lasers".
167:. The alternating green and yellow moving beams were controlled by S. Kamin using a set of mirrors and chromatic filters.
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at 510.6 nm and yellow laser light at 578.2 nm. The pulse width is typically from 5 to 60 ns, and
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wavelengths. These lasers can provide average UV powers of several mW and are potentially useful for
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Using singly ionized species of Cu, research has also demonstrated copper vapor lasers that are CW (
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from 50 to 5000 kW. Its pulse repetition frequencies can be 2 to 100 kHz. The
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systems. In the AVLIS application the copper laser is used to excite tunable
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A copper vapor laser illuminated an artistic display performed by sculptor
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332:"Home-Built Copper Chloride (CuCl) and Copper Bromide (CuBr) Laser"
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Copper vapor lasers were first used for entertainment purposes by
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139:. A review on copper-laser-pumped dye lasers is given by
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400:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 43–48.
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of CVLs can range from 25 W to more than 2 kW.
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Applied
Physics B: Photophysics and Laser Chemistry
16:Laser using vapors of copper as the lasing medium
62:It is one of the lasers that can be home built.
68:http://jetpletters.ru/ps/753/article_11698.pdf
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174:on their 1994 tour, supporting their album,
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441:(Springer-Verlag, Berlin,1991) Chapter 5.
852:Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator
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128:applications. They can also be used in
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47:in a 4-level laser. It produces green
120:Copper vapor lasers are used in some
90:can be further reduced by the use of
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330:Goldwasser, Samuel M. (1994–2013).
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105:), i.e., not pulsed, and lase at
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320:, Berlin,1991) Chapters 1 and 5.
271:Optical and Quantum Electronics
761:Amplified spontaneous emission
365:(4). AIP Publishing: 207–209.
1:
338:. Sci.Electronics.Repair FAQ
817:Chirped pulse amplification
159:in an arts meeting held in
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621:List of laser applications
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359:Applied Physics Letters
611:List of laser articles
111:analytical instruments
96:copper acetylacetonate
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502:Strontium vapor laser
439:High Power Dye Lasers
314:High Power Dye Lasers
151:Art and Entertainment
145:High Power Dye Lasers
88:Operating temperature
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786:Population inversion
837:Laser beam profiler
756:Active laser medium
696:Free-electron laser
616:List of laser types
406:1981ApPhB..26...43J
234:10.1364/OL.5.000093
226:1980OptL....5...93S
190:List of laser types
483:Metal-vapor lasers
414:10.1007/bf00702686
283:10.1007/BF00619644
133:isotope separation
29:copper vapor laser
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23:Copper vapor laser
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857:Optical amplifier
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177:The Division Bell
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340:. Retrieved
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220:(3): 93–95.
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163:(Israel) in
157:Dani Karavan
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115:spectroscopy
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877:Q-switching
738:X-ray laser
731:Ti-sapphire
701:Laser diode
679:Helium–neon
490:Metal-Vapor
342:12 November
49:laser light
916:Gas lasers
910:Categories
479:Ion lasers
196:References
172:Pink Floyd
137:dye lasers
53:peak power
842:M squared
664:Gas laser
647:Dye laser
422:0340-3793
379:0003-6951
122:machining
895:Category
689:Nitrogen
242:19693135
184:See also
674:Excimer
555:Aspects
437:(Ed.),
402:Bibcode
312:(Ed.),
222:Bibcode
161:Tel Hai
43:as the
35:) uses
921:Copper
716:Nd:YAG
711:Er:YAG
652:Bubble
600:Lasers
481:&
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41:copper
37:vapors
721:Raman
130:AVLIS
726:Ruby
521:NeCu
515:HeAg
512:HeSe
509:HeHg
506:HeCd
418:ISSN
375:ISSN
344:2013
297:link
256:link
238:PMID
141:Webb
124:and
113:and
82:and
684:Ion
410:doi
367:doi
279:doi
230:doi
143:in
94:or
70:).
39:of
33:CVL
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541:Xe
538:Ar
535:Kr
518:Au
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31:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
