72:
479:
In 1794, 25 British enslaving ships were lost. At least two were lost on the homeward leg of their voyage. Still, during the period 1793 to 1807, war, rather than maritime hazards or resistance by the captives, was the greatest cause of vessel losses among
British enslaving vessels.
169:) was launched in 1780 in the Americas, probably under another name, and lengthened and rebuilt in 1785, when she assumed British registry. She then traded with Mobile, New Orleans, Pensacola, or more simply, the "Mississippi". From 1791 on she made one voyage as a
227:
was 12 days out of New
Orleans and the day before had grounded on grounded on Mantanza Reef in nine feet of water. Reed had about 100 bales of hides thrown overboard and that lightened
181:
in enslaved people. There is some confusion about her ownership in the period 1791–1794. She was lost in 1794 on her return to
England from her slave-trading voyage.
867:
304:
257:
arrived at
Falmouth, from Peru, in November 1792. When she returned she brought news of some 19 whaling vessels that she had left off the coast of Peru in April.
538:, a British subject who adopted Spanish nationality at the time of the takeover, to trade with ports in the U.S. In gratitude, Fatio renamed one of his vessels
235:, Reed, master, broke her journey from New Orleans to London by putting into New York for repairs. She was expected to resume her voyage later that month.
839:. (Fremantle, WA: Australian National Centre of Excellence for Maritime Archaeology and the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology): 235–290.
835:
Stanbury, Myra, Kandy-Jane
Henderson, Bernard Derrien, Nicolas Bigourdan, & Evelyne Le Touze (2015) "Chapter 18: Epilogue" . In: Stanbury, Myra.
321:, Hoskirg, master, stopped at St Vincent. She arrived at Jamaica on 5 June; there she landed 330 captives. It is not clear when she left Jamaica.
231:
enough that she was able to get over the reef. He reported that she had lost a great part of her sheathing but had started no leaks. On 4 June
805:
882:
472:, Essex, on or immediately before 10 October 1794. At the time she was returning to London from Jamaica. She was no longer listed in
846:
815:
Inikori, Joseph (1996). "Measuring the unmeasured hazards of the
Atlantic slave trade: Documents relating to the British trade".
139:
877:
248:
502:
reported that she had arrived at
Plymouth. She had been sailing from Montevideo to Cadiz when the British transport
506:, returning to England from Gibraltar, had encountered and captured her. Her trade and capture suggest that this
840:
279:
was in 1793. One source states that she was engaged in whaling, but there is no support for that assertion in
872:
527:
202:
was not published in 1785), with W. Reed, master, J. Mather, owner, and trade London–Pensacola. However,
531:
621:
607:
587:
535:
797:
Ships employed in the South Sea Whale
Fishery from Britain: 1775-1815: An alphabetical list of ships
862:
194:
264:
during her whaling voyage. The database of whaling voyages gives the owner as Daniel
Bennett, but
738:
665:
654:
776:
635:
268:(see below) gives it as Mason & Co. Furthermore, one source states that Bennett only owned
842:
801:
310:
824:
178:
695:
650:
281:
204:
99:
526:
On 12 July 1784, after 21 years of
British government rule, Spain regained control of
856:
300:
from London on 5 January 1794, bound for West Africa. Her owner was Daniel Bennett.
532:
Bernardo Vicente de Gálvez y Madrid, 1st Viscount of Galveston, 1st Count of Gálvez
469:
795:
588:
Susan Parker (2014), "Spanish military leader Bernardo de Galvez impacted city",
572:
498:, Yarra, master, had arrived at Cadiz from Petersburg. Then on 6 January 1797,
212:, Reid, master, sailing from Gravesend on 10 April 1785, bound for Pensacola.
174:
828:
699:
679:
314:
247:
for the Pacific Ocean. (Earlier, Delano had been master of the whaler
170:
837:
The Mermaid Atoll Shipwreck: A Mysterious Early 19th-century Loss
219:
was sailing from Jamaica to Liverpool when she encountered
709:
707:
309:
She commenced acquiring captives on 30 March, first at
534:
authorized a local plantation owner in St Augustine,
680:British Southern Whale Fishery Database – Voyages;
382:Lengthened and rebuilt 1785; damage repaired 1788
363:Lengthened and rebuilt 1785; damage repaired 1788
573:Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – voyages:
305:List of ships owned by Daniel Bennett & Son
260:There is some ambiguity about the ownership of
243:On 18 August 1791 Captain Henry Delano sailed
8:
330:
603:
601:
599:
764:
752:
713:
554:
519:
817:Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
17:
868:Age of Sail merchant ships of England
68:
7:
454:Damage repaired 1788; repaired 1790
437:Damage repaired 1788; repaired 1790
420:Damage repaired 1788; repaired 1790
403:Damage repaired 1788; repaired 1790
215:On 18 May 1788, Captain Redmayne of
288:s ship arrival and departure data.
14:
468:was driven ashore and wrecked at
542:in honour of the viceroy's wife.
70:
494:reported on 14 April 1795 that
317:. She left Africa on 21 April.
1:
296:Captain James Hoskins sailed
899:
883:Maritime incidents in 1794
530:. The new Spanish viceroy
302:
129:
24:
20:
590:The St. Augustine Record
451:London–Southern Fishery
434:London–Southern Fishery
417:London–Southern Fishery
400:London–Southern Fishery
324:
829:10.3406/outre.1996.3457
272:in 1794, for one year.
130:General characteristics
794:Clayton, J.M. (2014).
528:St. Augustine, Florida
275:It is not clear where
104:1789:Morgan & Co.
536:Francis Philip Fatio
510:was a Spanish ship.
800:. Jane M. Clayton.
682:Countess de Galvaez
379:London–Mississippi
360:London–Mississippi
277:Countess de Galvaez
262:Countess de Galvaez
245:Countess de Galvaez
190:Countess de Galvaez
158:Countess de Galvaez
107:1794:Daniel Bennett
87:Countess de Galvaez
54:Countess de Galvaez
50:Condessa de Galvaez
878:London slave ships
575:Countess de Galvez
540:Condessa de Gálvez
496:Countess of Galvez
486:Countess of Galvez
466:Countess of Galvez
319:Countess de Galvez
221:Countess of Galvez
210:Countess de Galvez
192:first appeared in
167:Countess of Galvez
163:Countess de Galvez
117:c.1785 by purchase
807:978-1-908616-52-4
625:(1786), Seq.â„–411.
458:
457:
357:Morgan & Co.
311:Cape Coast Castle
154:
153:
890:
832:
811:
782:
774:
768:
762:
756:
750:
744:
736:
730:
723:
717:
711:
702:
692:
686:
677:
671:
663:
657:
647:
641:
633:
627:
623:Lloyd's Register
619:
613:
609:Lloyd's Register
605:
594:
585:
579:
570:
543:
524:
474:Lloyd's Register
331:
326:Lloyd's Register
292:Enslaving voyage
287:
266:Lloyd's Register
223:, Reed, master.
200:Lloyd's Register
195:Lloyd's Register
179:triangular trade
100:Mather & Co.
78:
75:
74:
73:
18:
898:
897:
893:
892:
891:
889:
888:
887:
853:
852:
814:
808:
793:
790:
785:
775:
771:
763:
759:
751:
747:
737:
733:
729:(2015), App.15.
724:
720:
712:
705:
693:
689:
678:
674:
664:
660:
648:
644:
634:
630:
620:
616:
606:
597:
586:
582:
571:
556:
552:
547:
546:
525:
521:
516:
489:
463:
399:
391:
372:
329:
307:
294:
285:
250:Lord Hawkesbury
241:
187:
76:
71:
69:
12:
11:
5:
896:
894:
886:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
855:
854:
851:
850:
833:
823:(312): 53–92.
812:
806:
789:
786:
784:
783:
769:
765:Inikori (1996)
757:
753:Inikori (1996)
745:
731:
718:
714:Clayton (2014)
703:
687:
672:
658:
642:
628:
614:
595:
580:
553:
551:
548:
545:
544:
518:
517:
515:
512:
488:
482:
462:
459:
456:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
439:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
422:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
405:
404:
401:
396:
393:
388:
384:
383:
380:
377:
374:
369:
365:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
348:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
328:
323:
293:
290:
240:
239:Whaling voyage
237:
186:
183:
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
136:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
109:
108:
105:
102:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
47:
43:
42:
39:
35:
34:
31:
27:
26:
22:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
895:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:Whaling ships
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
858:
848:
847:9781876465094
844:
841:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
813:
809:
803:
799:
798:
792:
791:
787:
781:
779:
773:
770:
767:, p. 58.
766:
761:
758:
755:, p. 62.
754:
749:
746:
743:
741:
735:
732:
728:
722:
719:
716:, p. 92.
715:
710:
708:
704:
701:
698:
697:
691:
688:
685:
683:
676:
673:
670:
668:
662:
659:
656:
653:
652:
646:
643:
640:
638:
632:
629:
626:
624:
618:
615:
612:
611:(1794), â„–462.
610:
604:
602:
600:
596:
593:
591:
584:
581:
578:
576:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
555:
549:
541:
537:
533:
529:
523:
520:
513:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
487:
483:
481:
477:
475:
471:
467:
460:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
440:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
423:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
406:
402:
398:London–Mobile
397:
394:
389:
386:
385:
381:
378:
375:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
349:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
332:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
306:
301:
299:
291:
289:
284:
283:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
251:
246:
238:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
184:
182:
180:
176:
173:and one as a
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:
149:
146:
145:
141:
138:200, or 208 (
137:
134:
133:
128:
124:
121:
120:
116:
113:
112:
106:
103:
101:
97:
96:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
77:Great Britain
67:
63:
60:
59:
55:
51:
48:
45:
44:
41:1800, America
40:
37:
36:
32:
29:
28:
23:
19:
16:
836:
820:
816:
796:
778:Lloyd's List
777:
772:
760:
748:
740:Lloyd's List
739:
734:
726:
721:
696:Lloyd's List
694:
690:
681:
675:
667:Lloyd's List
666:
661:
651:Lloyd's List
649:
645:
637:Lloyd's List
636:
631:
622:
617:
608:
589:
583:
574:
539:
522:
507:
503:
500:Lloyd's List
499:
495:
492:Lloyd's List
491:
490:
485:
478:
473:
470:Shoeburyness
465:
464:
325:
318:
313:and then at
308:
297:
295:
282:Lloyd's List
280:
276:
274:
269:
265:
261:
259:
254:
249:
244:
242:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
214:
209:
205:Lloyd's List
203:
199:
193:
189:
188:
166:
162:
157:
156:
155:
135:Tons burthen
125:Wrecked 1794
86:
53:
49:
15:
64:Sold c.1785
863:1780 ships
857:Categories
788:References
431:P. Morgan
414:P. Morgan
376:P. Morgan
373:B. French
303:See also:
175:slave ship
56:) in 1784.
725:Stanbury
550:Citations
484:A second
476:in 1795.
428:H.Delano
411:H.Delano
392:H.Delano
198:in 1786 (
508:Countess
448:Bennett
445:Hoskins
354:W. Reed
298:Countess
270:Countess
255:Countess
233:Countess
229:Countess
225:Countess
147:Armament
114:Acquired
38:Launched
395:Morgan
337:Master
315:Anomabu
217:Minerva
177:in the
150:12 guns
46:Renamed
33:Unknown
25:History
845:
804:
780:â„–2887.
742:â„–2654.
727:et al.
700:â„–2458.
669:â„–2001.
655:â„–1999.
639:â„–1663.
504:Esther
390:French
346:Notes
343:Trade
340:Owner
208:shows
185:Career
171:whaler
514:Notes
442:1794
425:1793
408:1792
387:1791
368:1790
351:1789
334:Year
286:'
165:, or
98:1785:
93:Owner
843:ISBN
802:ISBN
461:Loss
371:Reed
161:(or
122:Fate
83:Name
61:Fate
30:Name
825:doi
253:.)
859::
821:83
819:.
706:^
598:^
557:^
140:bm
849:.
831:.
827::
810:.
684:.
592:.
577:.
142:)
52:(
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