368:), which made the structure of the courses close to the structure of a classical university (before the revolution, universities in Russia, as a rule, consisted of four faculties: historical – philological, physical and mathematical, medical and legal). Since 1911, the Bakhrushinskaya Hospital has become the clinical base of the Medical Faculty. In the 1906–1907 academic year, the subject cycle system of teaching was introduced in the courses instead of the course system with specialization in the senior year. New curricula were also approved at all faculties. 15 hours a week were allotted for the study of compulsory subjects.
246:
history of civilization and the history of art, physics. For those who wished, it was supposed to teach foreign languages, mathematics and hygiene. Classes were paid: 30 rubles a year were paid for the entire course of a student, and 10 rubles a year for a separate subject–volunteers. In 1875, the fee was 50 rubles a year; then – 100 rubles a year. In the total volume of incoming financial resources, tuition fees amounted to more than 75%; part of the funds (up to 7%) were voluntary donations; from 1875 to 1882 Moscow
Merchant Administration allocated 500 rubles a year for 10 scholarships.
242:
purchased by
Guerrier with a portion of the income from the activities of the courses. In addition, additionally (1%) the course participants collected money to purchase books for the course library. To replenish the course budget, Guerrier staged charity performances at the Solodovnikov Theatre. For income from performances in 1883, 46 listeners were given allowances. In addition, funds were sought through the sale of books and postcards printed in their own printing house.
36:
152:
66:
452:(named Kasso Case ), a large group of professors and teachers left the university, most of whom began to work at the Courses. By 1912, 227 professors, teachers, lecturers and assistants were involved in the courses, more than a third of whom had doctoral or master's degrees; among them: former rector of Moscow University
359:
The term of study in courses in 1900 increased to four years. The newly opened courses had two departments – historical-philosophical and physical-mathematical. In 1906, according to the new
Charter, the faculty structure of the Courses was established. In addition to the two existing ones, a Medical
495:
In 1912, Courses graduates for the first time received the right to take exams at the
Imperial Moscow University. On November 17, 1912, the Council of Courses approved the “Regulations on leaving students at the Moscow Higher Women's Courses”, which allows leaving graduates at the faculty to prepare
346:
Like its Saint
Petersburg counterpart, the Guerrier Courses was established to prevent Russian women from studying abroad, which they had done since the universities were closed to women in Russia in 1863. The courses provided university level education, but in contrast to the courses for men, they
521:
During 1900–1913 the number of female students increased from 223 to 7155. However, the annual graduation was no more than 30% of the number of applicants, which was due to the inability of the students to withstand heavy teaching loads and most of the time to study on their own. Courses became one
257:
Regular students had to provide a certificate of secondary education upon entry or pass entrance exams in
Russian and general history, Russian and general literature. The listeners also submitted an autobiography, a certificate of moral conduct and political integrity from the governor general, two
241:
The course budget consisted of tuition fees and voluntary donations. The first donations came from
Guerrier's wife Evdokia Ivanovna, her aunt E. K. Stankevich (500 rubles annually) and K. T. Soldatenkov (100 rubles annually). 13% of the sources of income for the courses were dividends from bonds
224:
At the beginning of 1871, the supernumerary professor of general history of Moscow
University, V.I. Guerrier, sent a note to the trustee of the Moscow educational district, Prince A.P. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, about the advisability of opening higher women's courses in Moscow, to which he added the
245:
Initially, training was designed for 2 years, and since 1879, according to the new
Charter, 3 years. The Moscow courses had a historical and philological orientation, the compulsory subjects were approved: the history of Russia and general history, Russian literature and general literature, the
488:
Alexandre A. Kiesewetter, sociologist
Veniamin M. Khvostov, biologist Lev A.Tarassevitch, historian of philosophy Alexander V. Kubitsky. There were also women among the staff of the courses: Maria Egorovna Becker, assistant to the course inspector; Olga Aleksandrovna Alferova, librarian; Nina
261:
The number of students in the courses at that time was quite high: in the first year after the opening of the courses, it reached 70 (most of the students moved from the Lubensky courses), then until 1878 it fluctuated between 103–107, and from 1879 the number of students gradually increased,
195:'Moscow Higher Women's Courses') was a university for women between 1872 and 1918 (with a break in 1888–1900), after which they were transformed into the 2nd Moscow State University. It was one of the largest and most prominent women's higher education institutions in the
335:
The feeble-minded people who ruled in the 80s believed that they had won a great success over the revolution by forbidding the admission of girls to the Higher Women's Courses. But ten years later, they themselves were convinced of their mistake and began to think about restoring
233:
On November 1, 1872, at Volkhonka 16, in the building of the First Men's Gymnasium, the grand opening of the Moscow Higher Women's Courses (courses of Professor V. I. Guerrier) took place, where professors of the Imperial Moscow University, priest A. M. Ivantsov–Platonov,
229:
to sanction a higher school for women in Moscow. In May 1872, the Minister of Public Education, Count D. A. Tolstoy, agreed to the opening of higher women's courses in Moscow as a private educational institution and approved the "Regulations on Higher Women's Courses".
48:
429:. On June 3, 1907, the laying of educational buildings took place (architect S. U. Solovyov ) on a land plot along Malaya Tsaritsynskaya Street (now Malaya Pirogovskaya street). In 1908, the buildings of the Faculty of Physics and Chemistry ( now part of
565:
323:
For 16 years, the courses issued 41 diplomas, which gave the right to teach in the senior classes of women's gymnasiums, in addition, 322 students passed the final exams, which gave them the right to teach in the junior classes of gymnasiums.
605:
In 1910, Nadezhda Nikolaevna Sushkina (1889–1975), a soil scientist and microbiologist, graduated from the natural department and was the first to assess the influence of microorganisms on the composition of natural formations.
268:
Lectures at the courses were given by well-known professors of Moscow University (it was specifically stipulated in the Charter that mainly university professors would be invited as teachers). Among the first teachers were: Professor
331:, represented by Minister I.D. Delyanov, forbade admission to all higher women's courses, motivating this measure by the need to develop new curricula and transfer courses to state support and in 1888 they have been closed.
80:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
510:
In the 1915–1916 academic year, the Moscow Higher Women's Courses were granted the right to conduct final exams and issue diplomas of higher education. By 1918, the courses numbered 8.3 thousand students, second only to
795:
Regulations on the Higher Women's Courses in Moscow and the speeches delivered at the opening of the Courses on November 1, 1872 by professors of the Moscow University A. M. Ivantsov–Platonov, S. M. Solovyov and V. I.
580:
355:
In 1900, graduates of secondary educational institutions from 41 provinces entered the courses. The new courses were no longer a private institution, receiving part of the funds from the Ministry of Public Education.
249:
In 1872–1873, the courses were located on Volkhonka in downtown Moscow, in 1873–1876 – in the premises of the Museum of Applied Knowledge on Prechistenka 32, and in 1877–1888 – in a building specially built for the
790:Положение о Высших женских курсах в Москве и речи, произнесенные при открытии Курсов 1 ноября 1872 года профессорами Московского университета св. А. М. Иванцовым–Платоновым, С. М. Соловьевым и В. И. Герье
375:
was elected director. However, due to the fact that Vernadsky was simultaneously elected assistant rector of the Imperial Moscow University, he never took up his duties in the Courses. In the same year,
1003:"Шишанов В. «Желая поступить…» (Документы об учёбе Беллы Розенфельд на Московских высших женских курсах) // Шагаловский сборник. Вып. 3. Материалы X–XIV Шагаловских чтений в Витебске (2000–2004)"
90:
165:
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draft "Regulations on Higher Women's Courses", in which he outlined the purpose and program of the created courses. Guerrier persuaded the Minister of Public Education Count
1104:
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dated October 16, 1918, the Moscow Higher Women's Courses was transformed into the 2nd Moscow State University (later split into several institutions, including the
328:
732:
710:
635:
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419:, a graduate of courses, the author of the textbook on Analytic Geometry, "Problems and Exercises in Analytic Geometry", which was reprinted many times.
1109:
620:
In 1917, Lidia Karlovna Lepin (1891-1985), a specialist in physical and colloidal chemistry, a future academician of the Academy of Sciences of the
100:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
530:
889:
1009:. Shagalovsky Collection. Issue. 3. Materials of X–XIV Chagall readings in Vitebsk (2000–2004). (in Russian). Minsk: Riftur. pp. 176–182
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studied at the courses, after which she taught history and geography for 18 years at the private Moscow women's gymnasium L. F. Rzhevskaya.
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538:
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were not allowed to issue any formal degree, nor were they given government funding. They were closed in 1888 but opened again in 1900.
437:) were opened on Trubetskoy Lane (now Kholzunova Lane ), and in 1913, the Auditorium Building of the Courses (now the main building of
685:
108:
621:
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1911 became a milestone in the life of the Moscow Higher Women's Courses. In connection with the outbreak of a conflict between the
868:[V.I. Guerrier and the Moscow University of his era: the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th centuries.].
301:(art history). Since 1877, the history of the Russian language and ancient Russian literature was taught by V. F. Miller . Later,
727:
518:
On the initiative of former students, the "Society for the Delivery of Funds to Moscow Higher Women's Courses" was established.
1099:
286:
809:
371:
Until 1905, V. I. Guerrier was again the director of the courses. In 1905, in the absence of V. I. Guerrier, who was abroad,
583:, an actress, translator, memoirist, literary and theater critic, who became the prototype of Nina Zarechnaya in the play "
651:
1050:
963:
316:. The trustee committee of the courses included E. K. Stankevich (nee - Bodisko (1824–1904), wife of A. V. Stankevich ),
1089:
645:
489:
Evgenievna Vedeneeva, assistant of the Department of Inorganic Chemistry (1914) and the Department of Physics (1916).
313:
302:
235:
121:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
1114:
1005:[“Wishing to enter ...” (Documents about Bella Rosenfeld's studies at the Moscow Higher Women's Courses)].
445:
1119:
675:
473:
469:
116:
964:"No. 2. Collection of Zoology and Ecology named after Professor A.F. Kots Institute of Biology and Chemistry"
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was the first woman to be awarded the degree of Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, geologist,
512:
178:
85:
294:
866:"В.И. Герье и Московский Университет его эпохи : вторая половина ХІХ – начало ХХ вв. | WorldCat.org"
1002:
422:
Since 1910, Professor N. D. Vinogradov began to read a course in the history of pedagogical teachings .
404:
137:
130:
634:, a member-correspondent of the USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, and an honored scientist of the
400:
274:
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504:
412:
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the first Russian woman and physicist to become internationally known for her physics research on
265:
In 1881, a new humanitarian discipline was introduced in the courses – the history of philosophy.
599:
477:
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384:
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In 1905, the Moscow City Council decided to provide courses free of charge with a land plot on
841:
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The work of the courses was supervised by the Pedagogical Council, headed by Professor
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photographs and, without fail, permission from the eldest man in the family or spouse.
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196:
571:
At different times, the courses were attended by: Vera Muromtseva, the future wife of
1083:
702:
631:
576:
485:
441:, it is depicted on the current emblem of the Moscow State Pedagogical University.).
426:
671:
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614:
817:
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503:' zoological collection was acquired for Courses, which laid the foundation for
297:(general literature), Professor N. S. Tikhonravov (ancient Russian literature),
17:
433:) and the Anatomical Theater (architect A. N. Sokolov) (nowadays part of
892:[Moscow Higher Women's Courses. 1872–1918]. 2013-05-26. Archived from
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them for teaching on the proposal of a professor (professors) for 2 years.
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Vladimir Ivanovich Guerrier: at the origins of higher education for women
594:
Vera Stepanovna Nechayeva became a well-known researcher of the work of
763:
Equality and Revolution: Women's Rights in the Russian Empire, 1905–1917
691:
known for her development of a novel mathematical method for describing
309:(physics), and Professor A. A. Shakhov (history of foreign literature).
119:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
155:
The main building of the Higher Courses for Women (built in 1909–1913)
1027:
940:"Московскому педагогическому государственному университету – 130 лет"
151:
810:"ГЕРЬЕ КУРСЫ • Большая российская энциклопедия –электронная версия"
788:
659:
492:
In 1911, women were finally accepted at the Russian universities.
150:
1030:[Lepin Lidia Karlovna | Chronicle of Moscow University].
556:
The graduates of the Higher Women's Courses of this period were:
942:[Moscow Pedagogical State University is 130 years old].
289:(history of philosophy), L. M. Lopatin (history of philosophy),
77:
980:[Chuvash Encyclopedia | Sushkina Nadezhda Nikolaevna].
833:Владимир Иванович Герье: у истоков высшего женского образования
914:
29:
1028:"Лепинь Лидия Карловна | Летопись Московского университета"
285:(Russian history), Rector of Moscow University, Professor
812:[Gerie Courses (Moscow Higher Women's Courses)].
598:, the author of the most complete scientific biography of
383:
The courses were taught by such outstanding scientists as
89:
to this template: there are already 945 articles in the
644:
noted Russian translator and literary figure from the
978:"Чувашская Энциклопедия | Сушкина Надежда Николаевна"
743:
Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies
431:
Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies
183:
73:
69:
a machine-translated version of the Russian article.
415:and others. One of the first women professors was
127:{{Translated|ru|Московские высшие женские курсы}}
460:, mathematician Nikolay A. Izvolsky, biologists
27:Women's university in Moscow, Russia (1872–1918)
529:According to the protocol of the commission of
333:
709:was designated as an Honored Scientist of the
115:accompanying your translation by providing an
60:Click for important translation instructions.
47:expand this article with text translated from
587:"; Nadezhda Afanasyevna Bulgakova, sister of
8:
890:"Московские высшие женские курсы. 1872–1918"
733:Russian National Research Medical University
711:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
435:Russian National Research Medical University
362:Russian National Research Medical University
707:Problems and Exercises in Analytic Geometry
575:, translator, publicist; a close friend of
468:, physiologists Mikhail N. Shaternikov and
262:reaching 256 in the 1884/85 academic year.
1105:1872 establishments in the Russian Empire
1095:Former women's universities and colleges
765:. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010.
281:(History of the Middle Ages), Professor
754:
705:noted for her creation of the textbook
439:the Moscow Pedagogical State University
531:the People's Commissariat of Education
94:
448:and the Minister of Public Education
387:(with his student V. V. Karandeev ),
207:. It was founded and administered by
7:
859:
857:
783:
781:
779:
185:Moskovskiye Vysshiye Zhenskiye Kursy
738:Moscow State Pedagogical University
539:Moscow State Pedagogical University
840:] (in Russian). Litres. 2019.
25:
695:precisely using film techniques.
380:was elected director of courses.
273:(physics, astronomy), Professor
1110:1918 disestablishments in Russia
617:, studied at the courses.
329:the Ministry of Public Education
277:(Russian literature), Professor
34:
917:[Bakhrushin hospital].
522:of the largest universities in
174:Московские высшие женские курсы
624:, graduated from the course.
125:You may also add the template
1:
761:Rochelle Goldberg Ruthchild.
728:Women's Higher Courses (Kyiv)
652:Alexandra Glagoleva-Arkadieva
816:(in Russian). Archived from
662:, mechanisms for generating
407:, Aleksandr N. Reformatsky,
360:Faculty was opened (now the
238:spoke and V. I. Guerriere.
184:
97:will aid in categorization.
1136:
864:T︠S︡ygankov, D.A. (2008).
446:Imperial Moscow University
72:Machine translation, like
351:Second period (1900–1918)
173:
49:the corresponding article
676:electromagnetic spectrum
405:Boleslav K. Mlodzeevskii
220:First period (1872–1888)
161:Higher Courses for Women
915:"Бахрушинская больница"
551:Maria Pavlovna Chekhova
513:Moscow State University
411:, Alexander V. Zinger,
401:Alexander A. Eichenwald
275:Alexander N. Veselovsky
136:For more guidance, see
1100:Universities in Moscow
1001:Shishanov, V. (2008).
413:Bogdan A. Kistyakovski
344:
295:Nikolay I. Storozhenko
215:Historical information
156:
1066:55.73250°N 37.57639°E
600:Vissarion G. Belinsky
478:Pavel I. Novgorodtsev
454:Alexander A. Manuilov
385:Vladimir I. Vernadsky
373:Vladimir I. Vernadsky
318:Kozma T. Soldatyonkov
307:Aleksandr G. Stoletov
305:(political economy),
293:(history), Professor
283:Vasily O. Klyuchevsky
199:, second only to the
154:
138:Knowledge:Translation
109:copyright attribution
613:, the first wife of
596:Fyodor M. Dostoevsky
417:Olga N. Tsuberbiller
303:Aleksandr I. Chuprov
291:Vladimir I. Guerrier
287:Vladimir S. Solovyov
209:Vladimir I. Guerrier
1090:Education in Russia
1062: /
798:] (in Russian).
589:Mikhail A. Bulgakov
482:Matvei K. Lyubavsky
462:Mikhail A. Menzbier
458:Pavel K. Shternberg
397:Nikolay D. Zelinsky
389:Sergey A. Chaplygin
378:Sergey A. Chaplygin
279:Pavel G. Vinogradov
271:Fyodor A. Bredikhin
1071:55.73250; 37.57639
566:Ekaterina Kletnova
524:the Russian Empire
466:Nikolai K. Koltsov
393:Sergey S. Nametkin
320:, E. I. Guerrier.
314:Sergey M. Solovyov
299:Fyodor I. Buslayev
252:Polytechnic Museum
157:
117:interlanguage link
1115:History of Moscow
847:978-5-04-182226-2
771:978-0-8229-6066-9
723:Bestuzhev Courses
699:Olga Tsuberbiller
628:Vera Varsanofieva
505:the Darwin Museum
501:Aleksandr F. Kots
486:Ivan V. Tsvetaev.
484:, Yury V. Gotye,
227:Dmitry A. Tolstoy
201:Bestuzhev Courses
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