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As a result, cocaine-exposed babies are more likely than unexposed babies to be born with low birth weight (less than 5.5 lb or 2.5 kg). Low-birthweight babies are 20 times more likely to die in their first month of life than normal-weight babies, and face an increased risk of lifelong disabilities such as mental retardation and cerebral palsy. Cocaine-exposed babies also tend to have smaller heads, which generally reflect smaller brains. Some studies suggest that cocaine-exposed babies are at increased risk of birth defects, including urinary tract defects and, possibly, heart defects. Cocaine also may cause an unborn baby to have a stroke, irreversible brain damage, or a heart attack.
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was a gross exaggeration. However, the fact that most of these children appear normal should not be over-interpreted as indicating that there is no cause for concern. Using sophisticated technologies, scientists are now finding that exposure to cocaine during fetal development may lead to subtle, yet significant, later deficits in some children, including deficits in some aspects of cognitive performance, information-processing, and attention to tasks—abilities that are important for success in school.
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40:
532:—may contribute to this condition. These 4-inch (10-cm) pipes are not durable and will quickly develop breaks; users may continue to use the pipe even though it has been broken to a shorter length. The hot pipe might burn the lips, tongue, or fingers, especially when passed between people who take hits in rapid succession, causing the short pipe to reach higher temperatures than if used by one person alone.
528:, and the smoke does not remain potent for long. Therefore, crack pipes are generally very short, to minimize the time between evaporating and ingestion (thereby minimizing loss of potency). Having a very hot pipe pressed against the lips often causes cracked and blistered lips, colloquially known as "crack lip". The use of "convenience store crack pipes"—glass tubes which originally contained small
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Cocaine use during pregnancy can affect a pregnant woman and her unborn baby in many ways. During the early months of pregnancy, it may increase the risk of miscarriage. Later in pregnancy, it can trigger preterm labor (labor that occurs before 37 weeks of pregnancy) or cause the baby to grow poorly.
338:
cocaine separates as an oily layer, floating on the top of the now leftover aqueous phase. It is at this point that the oil is picked up rapidly, usually with a pin or long thin object. This pulls the oil up and spins it, allowing air to set and dry the oil, and allows the maker to roll the oil into
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An appreciable tolerance to cocaine's high may develop, with many addicts reporting that they seek but fail to achieve as much pleasure as they did from their first experience. Some users will frequently increase their doses to intensify and prolong the euphoric effects. While tolerance to the high
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Many recall that "crack babies", or babies born to mothers who used crack cocaine while pregnant, were at one time written off by many as a lost generation. They were predicted to suffer from severe, irreversible damage, including reduced intelligence and social skills. It was later found that this
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The intense desire to recapture the initial high is what is so addictive for many users. On the other hand, Reinarman et al. wrote that the nature of crack addiction depends on the social context in which it is used and the psychological characteristics of users, pointing out that many heavy crack
700:
Crack cocaine is popularly thought to be the most addictive form of cocaine. However, this claim has been contested: Morgan and Zimmer wrote that available data indicated that "smoking cocaine by itself does not increase markedly the likelihood of dependence ... The claim that cocaine is much
1138:
Crack smoking ("hitting the pipe"; "puffing"; "beaming up (to Scotty)") is commonly performed with utensils such as pipes ("bowl"; "devil's dick"; "glass dick"; "horn"; "Uzi"); improvised pipes made from a plastic bottle ("Masarati"); water pipes ("bong"; "hubbly-bubbly"); and laboratory pipettes
453:
Like other forms of cocaine, smoking crack can increase heart rate and blood pressure, leading to long-term cardiovascular problems. Some research suggests that smoking crack or free base cocaine has additional health risks compared to other methods of taking cocaine. Many of these issues relate
350:
Crack vaporizes near temperature 90 °C (194 °F), much lower than the cocaine hydrochloride melting point of 190 °C (374 °F). Whereas cocaine hydrochloride cannot be smoked (burns with no effect), crack cocaine when smoked allows for quick absorption into the blood stream, and
2128:
Moretti, Eduardo
Gregolin; Yujra, Veronica Quispe; Claudio, Samuel Rangel; Silva, Marcelo Jose Dias; Vilegas, Wagner; Pereira, Camilo Dias Seabra; de Oliveira, Flavia; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki (April 2016). "Acute crack cocaine exposure induces genetic damage in multiple organs of rats".
446:, and increased temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Some users of cocaine report feelings of restlessness, irritability, and anxiety. In rare instances, sudden death can occur on the first use of cocaine or unexpectedly thereafter. Cocaine-related deaths are often a result of
466:: Many substances may have been added to expand the weight and volume of a batch, while still appearing to be pure crack. Occasionally, highly toxic substances are used, with a range of corresponding short and long-term health risks. Adulterants used with crack and cocaine include
2190:
Yujra, Veronica Quispe; Moretti, Eduardo
Gregolin; Claudio, Samuel Rangel; Silva, Marcelo Jose Dias; Oliveira, Flavia de; Oshima, Celina Tizuko Fujiyama; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki (October 2016). "Genotoxicity and mutagenicity induced by acute crack cocaine exposure in mice".
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is now considered exaggerated. Studies show that prenatal cocaine exposure (independent of other effects such as, for example, alcohol, tobacco, or physical environment) has no appreciable effect on childhood growth and development. However, the official opinion of the
535:
Pure or large doses: Because the quality of crack can vary greatly, some people might smoke larger amounts of diluted crack, unaware that a similar amount of a new batch of purer crack could cause an overdose. This can trigger heart problems or cause
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in the brain take a long time to replenish themselves, and each hit taken in rapid succession leads to progressively less intense highs. Nonetheless, a person might binge for 3 or more days without sleep, while inhaling hits from a pipe.
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Crack cocaine can also be injected intravenously with the same effect as powder cocaine. However, whereas powder cocaine dissolves in water, crack must be dissolved in an acidic solution such as lemon juice (containing
595:, nicknamed "cocaine bugs" or "coke bugs", where the affected people believe they have, or feel, parasites crawling under their skin (similar delusions may also be associated with high fever or in connection with
2490:
Reinarman, Craig; Waldorf, Dan; Murphy, Sheigla B.; Levine, Harry G. (1997). "The
Contingent Call of the Pipe: Bingeing and Addiction Among Heavy Cocaine Smokers". In Reinarman, Craig; Levine, Harry G. (eds.).
1895:
1190:, indicating that any substances and preparations for therapeutic use under this category have a high potential for abuse and addiction. It is permitted for some medical use but is otherwise outlawed.
302:
Crack cocaine is frequently purchased already in rock form, although it is not uncommon for some users to "wash up" or "cook" powder cocaine into crack themselves. This process is frequently done with
701:
more addictive when smoked must be reexamined." They argued that cocaine users who are already prone to abuse are most likely to "move toward a more efficient mode of ingestion" (that is, smoking).
1991:
Fandiño AS, Toennes SW, Kauert GF (2002). "Studies on hydrolytic and oxidative metabolic pathways of anhydroecgonine methyl ester (methylecgonidine) using microsomal preparations from rat organs".
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products. However, the court may weigh the socio-economic factors of crack usage in sentencing. As a guideline, Schedule I drugs carry a maximum seven-year prison sentence for possession for an
611:
Paranoia and anxiety are among the most common psychological symptoms of crack cocaine use. Psychosis is more closely associated with smoking crack cocaine than intranasal and intravenous use.
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Large amounts of crack cocaine (several hundred milligrams or more) intensify the user's high, but may also lead to bizarre, erratic, and violent behavior. Large amounts can induce tremors,
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411:, a brain chemical inducing feelings of euphoria. The high usually lasts from five to ten minutes, after which time dopamine levels in the brain plummet, leaving the user feeling
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poses its own set of health risks; in the case of crack cocaine, smoking tends to be more harmful than other routes. Crack users tend to smoke the drug because that has a higher
4870:
419:, the absorption into the bloodstream is at least as rapid as the absorption of the drug which occurs when crack cocaine is smoked, and similar euphoria may be experienced.
1234:, indicating that it has a high abuse potential but also carries a medicinal purpose. Under the Controlled Substances Act, crack and cocaine are considered the same drug.
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Use of cocaine in a binge, during which the drug is taken repeatedly and at increasingly high doses, leads to a state of increasing irritability, restlessness, and
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for possession of five grams of crack; to receive the same sentence with powder cocaine one had to have 500 grams. This sentencing disparity was reduced from
1170:, making it illegal for non-state-sanctioned production, manufacture, export, import, distribution, trade, use and possession. In most states (except in the
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only where directly placed. Purer forms of crack will sink in water and melt at the edges when near a flame (crack vaporizes at 90 °C, 194 °F).
608:
People experiencing these hallucinations might scratch themselves to the extent of serious skin damage and bleeding, especially when they are delirious.
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682:) to cocaine's local anesthetic (painkilling) and convulsant (seizure-inducing) effects, without increasing the dose taken; this increased sensitivity
559:
and difficulty breathing. In the 48-hour period after use, people with these symptoms have also had associated radiographic findings on chest X-ray of
5066:
4900:
2435:
2247:
Mégarbane, B; Chevillard, L (5 December 2013). "The large spectrum of pulmonary complications following illicit drug use: features and mechanisms".
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Purer forms of crack resemble off-white, jagged-edged "rocks" of a hard, brittle plastic, with a slightly higher density than candle wax. Like
407:, increased energy, a craving for more cocaine, and potential paranoia (ending after use). Its initial effect is to release a large amount of
306:(sodium bicarbonate), water, and a spoon. Once mixed and heated, the bicarbonate reacts with the hydrochloride of the powder cocaine, forming
3182:
2520:
2083:
2056:
1673:"Injecting-related health harms and overuse of acidifiers among people who inject heroin and crack cocaine in London: a mixed-methods study"
658:
said "it is likely that cocaine will reach the baby through breast milk," and advises the following regarding cocaine use during pregnancy:
2769:
1112:("buddha"; "caviar"; "chronic"; "cocoa puffs"; "fry daddy"; "gimmie"; "gremmie"; "juice"; "primo"; "torpedo"; "turbo"; "woolie"; "woola");
1403:
Reinarman, Craig; Levine, Harry G. (1997). "Crack in
Context: America's Latest Demon Drug". In Reinarman, Craig; Levine, Harry G. (eds.).
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1384:
1151:
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638:
544:
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Morgan, John P.; Zimmer, Lynn (1997). "Social
Pharmacology of Smokeable Cocaine". In Reinarman, Craig; Levine, Harry G. (eds.).
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4260:
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1993:
1946:
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2386:"Growth, Development, and Behavior in Early Childhood Following Prenatal Cocaine Exposure, Frank et al. 285 (12): 1613 – JAMA"
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4151:
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1942:"Evidence for cocaine and methylecgonidine stimulation of M(2) muscarinic receptors in cultured human embryonic lung cells"
1754:
591:(aka Ekbom's Syndrome: a mistaken belief they are infested with parasites). For example, excessive cocaine use can lead to
4845:
4830:
4230:
4141:
4136:
3677:
2727:
2566:
1636:
Ponton, Rhys; Scott, Jenny (12 July 2009). "Injection preparation processes used by heroin and crack cocaine injectors".
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Harris, Magdalena; Scott, Jenny; Wright, Talen; Brathwaite, Rachel; Ciccarone, Daniel; Hope, Vivian (13 November 2019).
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is a term for a child born to a mother who used crack cocaine during her pregnancy. The threat that cocaine use during
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3647:
1622:
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In crack users, acute respiratory symptoms have been reported, sometimes termed "crack lung". Symptoms include fever,
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For cocaine (in a plastic bag at bottom) to be converted to crack, several supplies are needed. Pictured here are
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2384:
Zuckerman, Barry; Pell, Tripler; Knight, Wanda Grant; Augustyn, Marilyn; Frank, Deborah A. (2001-03-28).
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4333:
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1750:"DEA, Drug Information, Cocaine", United States DOJ Drug Enforcement Administration, 2008, webpage:
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Pathogens on pipes: When pipes are shared, bacteria or viruses can be transferred from person to person.
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322:) in a reversible acid-base reaction. The heating accelerates the degradation of carbonic acid into
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192:, and a cigarette lighter. The spoon is held over the heat source to "cook" the cocaine into crack.
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1877:
Scheidweiler, Karl; Plessinger, Mark A.; Shojaie, Jalil; Wood, Ronald W.; Kwong, Tai C. (2003).
1817:"Life or Meth – CRACK OF THE 90'S", Salt Lake City Police Department, Utah, 2008, PDF file:
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Cole, Claire; Jones, Lisa; McVeigh, Jim; Kicman, Andrew; Syed, Qutub; Belis, Mark A. (2010).
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2002:
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729:, in which the individual loses touch with reality and experiences auditory hallucinations.
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160:(or "cut") with other substances mimicking the appearance of crack to increase bulk. Use of
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106:
363:), a process that effectively reverses the original conversion of powder cocaine to crack.
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A typical response among users is to have another hit of the drug; however, the levels of
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2031:
Cut: A Guide to
Adulterants, Bulking Agents and other Contaminants found in Illicit Drugs
125:", which began to wane in the 1990s. The use of another highly addictive stimulant drug,
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Crack cocaine is commonly used as a recreational drug. Effects of crack cocaine include
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1968:
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1879:"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methylecgonidine, a crack cocaine pyrolyzate"
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of the United States warns about health risks while cautioning against stereotyping:
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on possession carries a $ 1000–2000 fine and/or six months to a year imprisonment.
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In
Australia, crack falls under the same category as cocaine, which is listed as a
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The short-term physiological effects of cocaine include constricted blood vessels,
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98:
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in late 1984 and 1985; this rapid increase in use and availability was named the "
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1324:, an experimental vaccine against the effect of crack cocaine being developed by
203:, common baking soda) is a base used in the preparation of crack, although other
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2513:
The
Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English
2034:. Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University. pp. 6–25.
1903:
1321:
1282:
1133:
1109:
629:
529:
483:
443:
404:
335:
307:
204:
102:
59:
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2419:
2351:
2278:
2222:
2168:
2014:
1977:
1959:
1911:
1708:
1608:
1524:
383:
342:
2736:
1839:"Cocaine Research Report: What are the short-term effects of cocaine use?"
1241:
increased penalties for crack cocaine possession and usage. It mandated a
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5410:
5370:
5365:
5161:
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4752:
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2333:
2303:
1293:
737:
722:
714:
479:
408:
400:
189:
2213:
2159:
2029:
1477:
1433:"Methamphetamine: The Drug Epidemic of the 90's; Problems and Solutions"
5565:
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5445:
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5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
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4614:
3973:
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3732:
3533:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3335:
3330:
3023:
2993:
2636:"Barry Arrested on Cocaine Charges in Undercover FBI, Police Operation"
1297:
1175:
1105:
471:
138:
67:
63:
2006:
5570:
5520:
5505:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5021:
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3937:
3933:
3929:
3465:
3390:
2978:
2973:
2968:
1246:
1113:
475:
146:
334:
prevents the reaction from reversing back to cocaine hydrochloride.
686:
explain some deaths occurring after apparent low doses of cocaine.
5345:
5265:
4609:
4526:
4245:
4082:
3707:
3662:
2988:
1547:"Cocaine Laced With Veterinary Drug Levamisole Eats Away at Flesh"
1146:
633:
433:
382:
341:
179:
161:
150:
118:
38:
1860:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1767:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
4156:
3702:
3682:
3503:
1325:
1207:
599:, sometimes accompanied by visual hallucinations of insects—see
2751:
1896:
American
Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
740:, or, with repeated doses, a toxic reaction closely resembling
2689:
When Crack Was King: A People's
History of a Misunderstood Era
1214:
and up to life imprisonment for trafficking and production. A
2747:
517:
than other routes typically used for drugs of abuse, such as
2322:
Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
2433:
NIDA – Research Report Series – Cocaine Abuse and Addiction
30:"Crack Rock" redirects here. For the Frank Ocean song, see
2131:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
2048:
Drug Testing Technology: Assessment of Field Applications
1312:, was filmed smoking crack in 1990 in a sting operation.
188:, a commonly used base in making crack, a metal spoon, a
2541:. International Narcotics Control Board. Archived from
1478:"Crack rocks offer a short but intense high to smokers"
705:
users can go for days or weeks without using the drug.
346:
A close up of the "cooking" process that creates crack
1887:
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
1206:, crack is not differentiated from cocaine and other
5258:
5185:
4987:
4959:
4801:
4673:
4585:
4502:
3638:
3585:
3542:
3484:
3311:
3143:
3110:
3042:
2959:
2896:
2823:
2785:
678:
can occur, users might also become more sensitive (
371:agencies may distribute packets of citric acid or
210:The net reaction when using sodium bicarbonate is
3653:1-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane
2495:. Berkeley, Ca.: University of California Press.
2493:Crack in America: Demon Drugs and Social Justice
2479:. Berkeley, Ca.: University of California Press.
2477:Crack in America: Demon Drugs and Social Justice
1940:Yang Y, Ke Q, Cai J, Xiao YF, Morgan JP (2001).
1405:Crack in America: Demon Drugs and Social Justice
757:Synonyms used to refer to crack cocaine include
415:and low. When (powder) cocaine is dissolved and
4683:1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine
2298:"Delusional Parasitosis", The Bohart Museum of
660:
643:
458:and its effect on the heart, lungs, and liver.
1373:Manual of Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment
76:Manual of Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment
2763:
2072:Cutler, Janis; Marcus, Eric (28 April 2010).
1786:White Mischief: A Cultural History of Cocaine
1331:CIA involvement in Contra cocaine trafficking
8:
1497:"Levamisole Found in Patients Using Cocaine"
650:There are also warnings about the threat of
450:or seizures followed by respiratory arrest.
85:Crack cocaine first saw widespread use as a
2536:"Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961"
2242:
2240:
438:Main physiological effects of crack cocaine
2770:
2756:
2748:
2409:
2341:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2212:
2158:
1967:
1845:. National Institutes of Health. May 2016
1698:
1688:
1598:
1573:Treadwell, SD; Robinson, TG (June 2007).
1514:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1174:) crack falls under the same category as
156:Crack cocaine sold on the streets may be
2078:. Oxford University Press. p. 228.
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1391:It is the most addictive form of cocaine
399:, supreme confidence, loss of appetite,
2634:LaFraniere, Sharon (January 19, 1990).
1813:
1811:
1809:
1779:
1777:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
2104:"A Rose With Another Name: Crack Pipe"
521:. Crack has a melting point of around
2097:
2095:
2045:Mieczkowski, Tom (25 November 2020).
1872:
1870:
547:in multiple organs of rats and mice.
141:in other forms, crack rock acts as a
7:
2660:The Emergence of Crack Cocaine Abuse
2506:
2504:
2502:
2396:(12). Jama.ama-assn.org: 1613–1625.
2316:Morton, W. Alexander (August 1999).
1120:("clicker"; "p-funk"; "spacebase").
561:fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema)
351:reaches the brain in eight seconds.
2613:"Drug Laws and Snitching: A Primer"
1226:In the United States, cocaine is a
1204:Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
1168:Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
583:Stimulant drug abuse (particularly
129:, ballooned between 1994 and 2004.
2318:"Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms"
1269:In the United Kingdom, crack is a
25:
1516:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.10.017
1152:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
387:A woman smoking crack cocaine in
172:infections, has been documented.
3648:1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane
2735:
2721:
1855:
1843:National Institute on Drug Abuse
1762:
639:National Institute on Drug Abuse
133:Physical and chemical properties
70:. Crack offers a short, intense
4567:2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine
4261:N,alpha-Diethylphenylethylamine
2250:Chemico-Biological Interactions
2102:Lengel, Allan (April 5, 2006).
1994:Chemical Research in Toxicology
1947:British Journal of Pharmacology
1623:"Cocaine Abuse & Addiction"
1545:Moisse, Katie (June 22, 2011).
1445:from the original on 2021-08-08
1377:American Psychiatric Publishing
454:specifically to the release of
359:) or white vinegar (containing
5162:Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2)
3763:2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
2657:Cooper, Edith Fairman (2002).
1409:University of California Press
391:, California, in December 2005
375:(vitamin C) for this purpose.
1:
2726:The dictionary definition of
2205:10.3109/01480545.2015.1126843
2567:"DEA, Title 21, Section 812"
2452:"Street Drugs and pregnancy"
2193:Drug and Chemical Toxicology
1650:10.1080/14659890410001665041
1579:Postgraduate Medical Journal
1502:Annals of Emergency Medicine
5271:3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
4811:2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine
4698:3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate
4693:2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine
2686:Ramsey, Donovan X. (2023).
2663:. New York: Novinka Books.
2569:. Usdoj.gov. Archived from
2438:September 26, 2007, at the
1495:Kinzie, Erik (April 2009).
1476:Arias, Jeremy (July 2008).
1371:Estroff, Todd Wilk (2008).
1281:it is a List 1 drug of the
1239:Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986
725:. This may result in total
569:diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
50:, commonly known simply as
5636:
4266:N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine
2367:"The Epidemic That Wasn't"
2365:Okie, Susan (2009-01-27).
2051:. CRC Press. p. 124.
1894:(3). Rockville, Maryland:
1438:Office of Justice Programs
1243:mandatory minimum sentence
1188:Schedule 8 controlled drug
1127:
693:
618:
43:Two grams of crack cocaine
29:
5584:
4979:Phenylpiracetam hydrazide
2838:8-Cyclopentyltheophylline
2600:Retrieved 2008-05-01.
2271:10.1016/j.cbi.2013.10.011
2151:10.1007/s11356-016-6141-3
1824:October 31, 2007, at the
1690:10.1186/s12954-019-0330-6
1232:Controlled Substances Act
621:Prenatal cocaine exposure
587:and cocaine) can lead to
3303:Phthalimidopropiophenone
2402:10.1001/jama.285.12.1613
1638:Journal of Substance Use
1591:10.1136/pgmj.2006.055970
1575:"Cocaine use and stroke"
1407:. Berkeley, California:
1304:while he was in office.
1275:Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
27:Form of the drug cocaine
4713:4-Methylmethylphenidate
4708:4-Fluoromethylphenidate
3817:β-Phenylmethamphetamine
3773:5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
3708:4-Fluoromethamphetamine
3663:2-Fluoromethamphetamine
3268:Methylenedioxycathinone
2692:. New York: One World.
1904:10.1124/jpet.103.055434
1788:. Edinburgh, Scotland:
1158:Cocaine is listed as a
668:Reinforcement disorders
511:route of administration
330:) and water. Loss of CO
207:may substitute for it.
168:, a drug used to treat
5037:Dichloropane (RTI-111)
3842:3-Benzhydrylmorpholine
3812:β-Methylphenethylamine
3688:3-Fluoroethamphetamine
3673:2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane
1960:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703819
1677:Harm Reduction Journal
1245:of five years without
1155:
665:
648:
589:delusional parasitosis
565:interstitial pneumonia
509:Smoking problems: Any
439:
392:
347:
193:
62:form of the stimulant
44:
5152:Salicylmethylecgonine
4788:Serdexmethylphenidate
4512:3-Fluorophenmetrazine
4211:Dextromethamphetamine
4157:MDMA (midomafetamine)
3743:a-Ethylphenethylamine
3153:3-Fluoromethcathinone
2825:Adenosine antagonists
2302:, 2005, webpage:
1790:Mainstream Publishing
1150:
1128:Further information:
1097:Crack cocaine may be
615:Pregnancy and nursing
543:Crack cocaine causes
437:
386:
345:
339:the rock-like shape.
183:
42:
5486:Naphthylaminopropane
4997:4-fluorotropacocaine
4083:5-Iodo-2-aminoindane
4078:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
3915:Dimethoxyamphetamine
3693:3-Methoxyamphetamine
3044:Arylcyclohexylamines
2843:8-Phenyltheophylline
2833:8-Chlorotheophylline
2744:at Wikimedia Commons
2511:Tom Dalzell (2009),
2334:10.4088/pcc.v01n0403
1375:. Washington, D.C.:
1302:filmed smoking crack
1296:, the 64th mayor of
1200:Schedule I substance
696:Substance dependence
232:ammonium bicarbonate
164:adulterants such as
54:, and also known as
5610:American inventions
4572:Pseudophenmetrazine
4384:Phenylpropanolamine
4304:-Norpseudoephedrine
4271:Naphthylamphetamine
4215:Levomethamphetamine
4142:MDA (tenamfetamine)
3984:Ethylnorepinephrine
3920:Dimethylamphetamine
3703:4-Fluoroamphetamine
3698:3-Methylamphetamine
3683:3-Fluoroamphetamine
3658:2-Fluoroamphetamine
2931:Levopropylhexedrine
2640:The Washington Post
2263:2013CBI...206..444M
2143:2016ESPR...23.8104M
2108:The Washington Post
1784:Madge, Tim (2001).
1625:. City of New York.
1259:Fair Sentencing Act
1116:("moon rock"); and
748:Society and culture
736:, muscle twitches,
4762:Dexmethylphenidate
4748:Isopropylphenidate
4703:4-Benzylpiperidine
4688:2-Benzylpiperidine
4093:Indanylamphetamine
3188:4-Methylpentedrone
3173:4-Methylbuphedrone
2371:The New York Times
2304:UCDavis-delusional
1757:2008-06-22 at the
1379:. pp. 44–45.
1289:Political scandals
1216:summary conviction
1212:indictable offense
1156:
727:paranoid psychosis
680:drug sensitization
597:alcohol withdrawal
440:
393:
348:
268:ammonium carbonate
197:Sodium bicarbonate
194:
78:calls it the most
45:
5597:
5596:
5536:Rubidium chloride
5007:Altropane (IACFT)
4921:Indapyrophenidone
4743:Methylnaphthidate
4504:Phenylmorpholines
4424:Propylamphetamine
4303:
4115:
3904:
3792:Dextroamphetamine
3283:N-Ethylbuphedrone
3223:Dimethylcathinone
3178:4-Methylcathinone
2936:Methylhexaneamine
2740:Media related to
2522:978-0-415-37182-7
2085:978-0-19-970682-2
2058:978-1-000-14222-8
2007:10.1021/tx0255828
2001:(12): 1543–1548.
1154:anti-crack poster
1093:Drug combinations
557:coughing up blood
470:, sugars such as
93:neighborhoods in
87:recreational drug
82:form of cocaine.
16:(Redirected from
5627:
5017:CFT (WIN 35,428)
5002:4'-Fluorococaine
4866:Diphenylprolinol
4733:Ethylnaphthidate
4728:Diphenylpyraline
4364:Phenpromethamine
4301:
4236:Methoxyphenamine
4226:Methoxyphenamine
4127:Lisdexamfetamine
4113:
4027:Levofenfluramine
3902:
3862:Chlorphentermine
3595:4-Methylaminorex
3288:N-Ethylhexedrone
2772:
2765:
2758:
2749:
2739:
2725:
2711:
2682:
2644:
2643:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2611:Sterling, Eric.
2608:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:§ 812(b)(2)
2588:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2547:
2540:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2508:
2497:
2496:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2448:
2442:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2313:
2307:
2296:
2283:
2282:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2216:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2162:
2137:(8): 8104–8112.
2125:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2099:
2090:
2089:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2025:
2019:
2018:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1971:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1922:. Archived from
1883:
1874:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1835:
1829:
1815:
1804:
1803:
1781:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1748:
1713:
1712:
1702:
1692:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1602:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1518:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1368:
1256:
1252:
923:kibbles and bits
903:hamburger helper
855:crunch and munch
827:Casper the ghost
602:delirium tremens
536:unconsciousness.
530:artificial roses
527:
524:
456:methylecgonidine
379:Recreational use
274:2(Coc-HCl) + (NH
143:local anesthetic
107:Washington, D.C.
74:to smokers. The
21:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5580:
5481:Methiopropamine
5254:
5181:
5107:RTI-121 (IPCIT)
4983:
4974:Phenylpiracetam
4955:
4797:
4783:Propylphenidate
4758:Methylphenidate
4718:Desoxypipradrol
4669:
4581:
4557:Phendimetrazine
4498:
4474:Tranylcypromine
4429:Pseudoephedrine
4296:Normetanephrine
4291:Norfenfluramine
4207:Methamphetamine
4023:Dexfenfluramine
3796:Levoamphetamine
3778:2-Aminotetralin
3640:Phenethylamines
3634:
3581:
3538:
3480:
3307:
3248:Isoethcathinone
3139:
3106:
3038:
2955:
2946:Propylhexedrine
2892:
2819:
2781:
2776:
2718:
2700:
2685:
2671:
2656:
2653:
2651:Further reading
2648:
2647:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2576:
2574:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2510:
2509:
2500:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2460:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2440:Wayback Machine
2431:
2427:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2297:
2286:
2246:
2245:
2238:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2112:
2110:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2059:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2027:
2026:
2022:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1856:
1848:
1846:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1826:Wayback Machine
1816:
1807:
1800:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1763:
1759:Wayback Machine
1749:
1716:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1585:(980): 389–94.
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1482:A.M. Costa Rica
1475:
1474:
1457:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1419:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1387:
1370:
1369:
1350:
1345:
1318:
1310:Washington D.C.
1291:
1267:
1254:
1250:
1230:drug under the
1224:
1196:
1184:
1145:
1136:
1126:
1095:
755:
750:
711:
698:
692:
675:
670:
623:
617:
581:
553:
525:
522:
515:bioavailability
432:
427:
425:Adverse effects
381:
333:
329:
321:
317:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
261:
257:
251:
245:
241:
225:
221:
217:
214:Coc-HCl + NaHCO
202:
178:
135:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5633:
5631:
5623:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5602:
5601:
5595:
5594:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5476:Methastyridone
5473:
5471:Methamnetamine
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5276:Amfonelic acid
5273:
5268:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5189:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5022:β-CIT (RTI-55)
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4965:
4963:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4807:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4738:Ethylphenidate
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4443:Levosalbutamol
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4281:Norepinephrine
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3989:Etilamfetamine
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3057:Dieticyclidine
3054:
3048:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2951:Tuaminoheptane
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2906:Cyclopentamine
2902:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2868:Istradefylline
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2733:
2717:
2716:External links
2714:
2713:
2712:
2698:
2683:
2669:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2626:
2603:
2583:
2558:
2527:
2521:
2498:
2482:
2467:
2456:March of Dimes
2443:
2425:
2376:
2357:
2328:(4): 109–113.
2308:
2284:
2236:
2199:(4): 388–391.
2182:
2120:
2091:
2084:
2064:
2057:
2037:
2020:
1983:
1954:(2): 451–460.
1932:
1929:on 2019-03-03.
1866:
1830:
1805:
1798:
1792:. p. 18.
1773:
1714:
1663:
1628:
1614:
1565:
1537:
1487:
1455:
1424:
1418:978-0520202429
1417:
1395:
1385:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1317:
1314:
1290:
1287:
1266:
1263:
1223:
1220:
1195:
1192:
1183:
1180:
1164:United Nations
1144:
1141:
1125:
1122:
1094:
1091:
754:
751:
749:
746:
710:
707:
694:Main article:
691:
688:
674:
671:
669:
666:
656:March of Dimes
619:Main article:
616:
613:
580:
577:
575:infiltration.
552:
549:
541:
540:
537:
533:
507:
448:cardiac arrest
444:dilated pupils
431:
428:
426:
423:
380:
377:
365:Harm reduction
331:
327:
324:carbon dioxide
319:
315:
300:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:→ 2 Coc + 2 NH
283:
279:
275:
264:
263:
259:
255:
249:
243:
239:
228:
227:
223:
219:
215:
200:
177:
174:
170:parasitic worm
145:, numbing the
134:
131:
123:crack epidemic
32:Channel Orange
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5632:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5592:
5588:
5583:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5556:Thiopropamine
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5456:Meclofenoxate
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5406:Hexacyclonate
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5321:Centanafadine
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5057:Ioflupane (I)
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4986:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4773:Phacetoperane
4771:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4562:Phenmetrazine
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4489:Xylopropamine
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4464:Theodrenaline
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4379:Phenylephrine
4377:
4375:
4374:Phenylalanine
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Orciprenaline
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4187:Mephentermine
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Benzphetamine
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3768:2-Aminoindane
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3584:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3258:Methcathinone
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3097:Tenocyclidine
3095:
3093:
3092:Rolicyclidine
3090:
3088:
3087:Phencyclidine
3085:
3083:
3082:Phencyclamine
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:Benocyclidine
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2926:Isometheptene
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2848:Aminophylline
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2743:
2742:Crack cocaine
2738:
2734:
2732:at Wiktionary
2731:
2730:
2729:crack cocaine
2724:
2720:
2719:
2715:
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2642:. p. A1.
2641:
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2573:on 2008-08-22
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2257:(3): 444–51.
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1898:: 1179–1187.
1897:
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1862:public domain
1844:
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1799:1-56025-370-3
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1769:public domain
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1119:
1118:phencyclidine
1115:
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1099:combined with
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664:
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652:breastfeeding
647:
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632:poses to the
631:
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579:Psychological
578:
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526:(194 °F)
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430:Physiological
429:
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414:
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398:
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389:San Francisco
385:
378:
376:
374:
373:ascorbic acid
370:
369:public health
366:
362:
358:
352:
344:
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313:
312:carbonic acid
309:
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115:San Francisco
112:
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95:New York City
92:
89:in primarily
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
48:Crack cocaine
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Crack-cocaine
5620:Drug culture
5511:Oxaprotiline
5461:Medifoxamine
5381:Fenpentadiol
5361:Dimethocaine
5356:Diclofensine
5336:Cropropamide
5331:Clofenciclan
5286:Amiphenazole
5240:7-Methyl-αET
5235:6-Fluoro-αMT
5215:5-Fluoro-αMT
5210:5-Chloro-αMT
5205:4-Methyl-αMT
5200:4-Methyl-αET
5042:Difluoropine
5027:Cocaethylene
5012:Brasofensine
4951:Pyrovalerone
4803:Pyrrolidines
4522:Fenmetramide
4517:Fenbutrazate
4494:Zylofuramine
4454:Solriamfetol
4286:Norfenefrine
4192:Metanephrine
4118:(Selegiline)
4108:Isoprenaline
4038:Feprosidnine
4019:Fenfluramine
4014:Fenethylline
3999:Famprofazone
3872:Cinnamedrine
3802:Amphetaminil
3753:Amfepentorex
3431:Sazetidine A
3396:Ispronicline
3361:Bradanicline
3313:Cholinergics
3228:Ethcathinone
3112:Benzazepines
3067:Eticyclidine
2888:Theophylline
2873:Paraxanthine
2728:
2688:
2659:
2639:
2629:
2617:. Retrieved
2606:
2586:
2575:. Retrieved
2571:the original
2561:
2550:. Retrieved
2543:the original
2530:
2512:
2492:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2459:. Retrieved
2455:
2446:
2428:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2370:
2360:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2254:
2248:
2214:11449/172358
2196:
2192:
2185:
2160:11449/172464
2134:
2130:
2123:
2111:. Retrieved
2107:
2074:
2067:
2047:
2040:
2030:
2023:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1951:
1945:
1935:
1924:the original
1891:
1885:
1847:. Retrieved
1842:
1833:
1819:Methlife-PDF
1785:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1617:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
1550:
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1509:(4): 546–7.
1506:
1500:
1490:
1481:
1447:. Retrieved
1436:
1427:
1404:
1398:
1390:
1372:
1306:Marion Barry
1292:
1271:Class A drug
1268:
1236:
1225:
1197:
1185:
1162:drug in the
1157:
1143:Legal status
1137:
1130:Pizzo (pipe)
1108:("coolie");
1096:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
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898:
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890:
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874:
870:
866:
863:famous dimes
862:
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854:
850:
846:
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838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
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814:
810:
806:
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731:
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699:
683:
676:
661:
649:
644:
625:
624:
610:
607:
600:
582:
554:
542:
519:insufflation
452:
441:
421:
394:
353:
349:
310:cocaine and
301:
265:
238:Coc-HCl + NH
229:
209:
195:
155:
136:
127:crystal meth
99:Philadelphia
91:impoverished
84:
75:
66:that can be
55:
51:
47:
46:
36:
5561:Thiothinone
5546:Tametraline
5531:Rauwolscine
5501:Nomifensine
5496:Nikethamide
5441:Lomevactone
5426:JNJ-7925476
5421:Indatraline
5396:GSK1360707F
5351:Desipramine
5341:Crotetamide
5326:Ciclazindol
5306:Benzydamine
5296:Atomoxetine
5291:Atipamezole
5187:Tryptamines
5157:Tesofensine
4723:Difemetorex
4675:Piperidines
4587:Piperazines
4449:Sibutramine
4419:Prenylamine
4369:Phentermine
4324:Oxifentorex
4221:Methoxamine
4197:Metaraminol
4033:Fenproporex
4004:Fencamfamin
3969:Epinephrine
3892:Clortermine
3882:Clobenzorex
3877:Clenbuterol
3852:Camfetamine
3788:Amphetamine
3758:Amidephrine
3630:Thozalinone
3610:Cyclazodone
3557:Armodafinil
3519:Pentetrazol
3499:Bicuculline
3486:Convulsants
3476:WAY-317,538
3471:Varenicline
3461:Tebanicline
3441:SSR-180,711
3426:Rivanicline
3421:Pozanicline
3416:PNU-282,987
3411:PNU-120,596
3406:PHA-543,613
3386:Epiboxidine
3381:Epibatidine
3346:Altinicline
3238:Flephedrone
3193:Amfepramone
3072:Gacyclidine
2916:Cyprodenate
2898:Alkylamines
2883:Theobromine
2815:Rimantadine
2787:Adamantanes
1752:DEA-cocaine
1644:(1): 7–19.
1308:, Mayor of
1279:Netherlands
1228:Schedule II
1124:Consumption
1104:("croak");
1102:amphetamine
1051:white cloud
967:ready rocks
744:poisoning.
742:amphetamine
593:formication
585:amphetamine
500:scopolamine
496:amphetamine
492:paracetamol
468:milk powder
464:adulterants
361:acetic acid
357:citric acid
304:baking soda
186:baking soda
158:adulterated
111:Los Angeles
5604:Categories
5541:Setazindol
5526:Rasagiline
5516:PNU-99,194
5466:Mefexamide
5436:Leptacline
5431:Lazabemide
5401:GYKI-52895
5391:Gilutensin
5316:BTS 74,398
5281:Amineptine
5230:5-MeO-DIPT
5062:Norcocaine
5052:FP-β-CPPIT
5047:FE-β-CPPIT
4969:Oxiracetam
4946:Prolintane
4665:Vanoxerine
4577:Radafaxine
4552:PD-128,907
4547:Oxaflozane
4532:Manifaxine
4459:Synephrine
4439:Salbutamol
4434:Ropinirole
4389:Pholedrine
4329:Oxilofrine
4319:Ortetamine
4309:Octopamine
4276:Nisoxetine
4132:Lophophine
4122:Lefetamine
4103:Isoetarine
4098:Iofetamine
4063:Hexapradol
4053:Furfenorex
4048:Formetorex
3994:Etilefrine
3979:Etafedrine
3949:Dopexamine
3934:Dextrodopa
3925:Dobutamine
3910:Denopamine
3897:Cypenamine
3867:Cilobamine
3822:Benfluorex
3807:Arbutamine
3748:Amfecloral
3738:Alfetamine
3620:Fluminorex
3615:Fenozolone
3605:Clominorex
3587:Oxazolines
3567:CRL-40,941
3562:CRL-40,940
3529:Strychnine
3524:Picrotoxin
3494:Anatoxin-a
3376:Dianicline
3293:Pentedrone
3263:Methedrone
3253:Mephedrone
3203:Buphedrone
3198:Benzedrone
3145:Cathinones
3102:Tiletamine
3062:Esketamine
3004:LY-503,430
2999:LY-404,187
2921:Heptaminol
2911:Cypenamine
2863:Dimethazan
2805:Bromantane
2800:Amantadine
2795:Adapromine
2779:Stimulants
2708:1385420783
2577:2008-09-05
2552:2008-05-01
2461:2009-05-26
2300:Entomology
2075:Psychiatry
1581:(Review).
1530:August 18,
1449:2021-08-08
1343:References
1273:under the
1202:under the
1160:Schedule I
1139:("demo").
971:redi rocks
871:fish scale
847:cloud nine
626:Crack baby
573:eosinophil
551:Crack lung
545:DNA damage
523:90 °C
504:strychnine
488:benzocaine
205:weak bases
166:levamisole
5576:Yohimbine
5551:Tandamine
5521:PRC200-SS
5416:Indanorex
5386:Gamfexine
5376:Fenisorex
5301:Bemegride
5225:5-MeO-αMT
5220:5-MeO-αET
5167:Tropoxane
4941:Picilorex
4931:Naphyrone
4778:Pipradrol
4640:GBR-13119
4635:GBR-13098
4630:GBR-13069
4625:GBR-12935
4620:GBR-12783
4359:Phenatine
4182:Mefenorex
4116:-Deprenyl
4088:Ibopamine
4073:Hordenine
4058:Gepefrine
4009:Fencamine
3964:Ephedrine
3954:Droxidopa
3905:-Deprenyl
3783:Acridorex
3577:Modafinil
3572:Fluorenol
3552:Adrafinil
3544:Eugeroics
3509:Flurothyl
3436:SIB-1553A
3356:Arecoline
3351:Anabasine
3341:AR-R17779
3326:A-366,833
3298:Pentylone
3278:Mexedrone
3273:Methylone
3243:Hexedrone
3218:Cathinone
3208:Bupropion
3135:SKF-82958
3130:SKF-81297
3125:SKF-77434
3029:Sunifiram
3014:Org 26576
3009:Nooglutyl
2961:Ampakines
2941:Octodrine
2878:SCH-58261
2858:CGS-15943
2810:Memantine
2592:21 U.S.C.
2231:207437479
1683:(1): 60.
1322:Calixcoca
1283:Opium Law
1277:. In the
1261:of 2010.
1182:Australia
1134:Love rose
1110:marijuana
1019:snowballs
690:Addiction
673:Tolerance
630:pregnancy
484:lidocaine
413:depressed
405:alertness
336:Free base
308:free base
218:→ Coc + H
176:Synthesis
103:Baltimore
80:addictive
60:free base
5587:ATC code
5451:Mazindol
5411:Idazoxan
5371:Etamivan
5366:Efaroxan
5195:4-HO-αMT
4989:Tropanes
4961:Racetams
4816:4-Cl-PVP
4793:SCH-5472
4753:JZ-IV-10
4645:JJC8-088
4595:2C-B-BZP
4542:Morforex
4537:Morazone
4484:Tyrosine
4479:Tyramine
4469:Tiflorex
4354:Pentorex
4256:Morforex
4202:Mesocarb
4043:Fludorex
3944:Dopamine
3938:Levodopa
3887:Cloforex
3668:2-OH-PEA
3625:Pemoline
3600:Aminorex
3514:Gabazine
3401:Nicotine
3371:Cytisine
3366:Cotinine
3321:A-84,543
3233:Ethylone
3213:Butylone
3158:3,4-DMMC
3120:6-Br-APB
3077:Ketamine
3034:Unifiram
2853:Caffeine
2679:50684137
2436:Archived
2420:11268270
2352:15014683
2279:24144776
2223:26712310
2177:34132872
2169:26825523
2015:12482236
1978:11159694
1920:15619796
1912:14561847
1849:12 March
1822:Archived
1755:Archived
1709:31722732
1658:56725689
1609:17551070
1552:ABC News
1525:19303517
1443:Archived
1338:("paco")
1316:See also
1294:Rob Ford
1251:100-to-1
1043:ultimate
1011:seven-up
1007:scruples
1003:scramble
919:kangaroo
915:ice cube
887:golfball
835:chemical
807:boulders
753:Synonyms
738:paranoia
723:paranoia
715:dopamine
709:Overdose
480:caffeine
417:injected
409:dopamine
401:insomnia
397:euphoria
246:→ Coc +
190:tealight
5615:Cocaine
5566:Trazium
5491:Nefopam
5446:LR-5182
5147:RTI-386
5142:RTI-371
5137:RTI-354
5132:RTI-336
5127:RTI-229
5122:RTI-177
5117:RTI-150
5112:RTI-126
5102:RTI-120
5097:RTI-113
5092:RTI-112
5032:Cocaine
4821:5-DBFPV
4768:Nocaine
4615:DBL-583
3974:Epinine
3857:Cathine
3733:AL-1095
3678:2,3-MDA
3534:Thujone
3456:TC-2216
3451:TC-1827
3446:TC-1698
3336:ABT-418
3331:ABT-202
3024:S-18986
2994:IDRA-21
2411:2504866
2259:Bibcode
2139:Bibcode
2113:May 28,
1969:1572570
1700:6854679
1600:2600058
1558:10 July
1298:Toronto
1257:by the
1255:18-to-1
1176:cocaine
1106:tobacco
1035:top gun
1031:tension
991:Roxanne
983:rooster
951:pee wee
947:pebbles
935:lightem
927:kibbles
839:chewies
803:boulder
783:bee-bee
775:beemers
771:beamers
767:bazooka
734:vertigo
472:glucose
290:Cl + CO
139:cocaine
64:cocaine
58:, is a
5571:UH-232
5506:O-2172
5259:Others
5087:RTI-51
5082:RTI-32
5077:RTI-31
4851:α-PHPP
4841:α-PHiP
4836:α-PCYP
4600:3C-PEP
4162:MDMPEA
3466:UB-165
3391:GTS-21
3183:4-MEAP
2989:CX-717
2984:CX-691
2979:CX-614
2974:CX-546
2969:CX-516
2706:
2696:
2677:
2667:
2619:20 May
2594:
2519:
2418:
2408:
2350:
2343:181074
2340:
2277:
2229:
2221:
2175:
2167:
2082:
2055:
2013:
1976:
1966:
1918:
1910:
1796:
1707:
1697:
1656:
1607:
1597:
1523:
1415:
1383:
1300:, was
1265:Europe
1247:parole
1194:Canada
1114:heroin
1085:; and
1075:yeah-O
1023:stones
999:Scotty
943:patico
931:krills
891:gravel
851:crills
823:Casper
811:butter
654:: The
571:, and
476:starch
462:Toxic
226:+ NaCl
222:O + CO
199:(NaHCO
147:tongue
117:, and
68:smoked
5346:D-161
5266:2-MDP
5177:WF-33
5172:WF-23
4916:MOPPP
4911:MOPVP
4891:MDPBP
4886:MDPPP
4871:DMPVP
4861:α-PVT
4856:α-PVP
4846:α-PHP
4831:α-PBP
4826:α-PPP
4650:MeOPP
4610:CM156
4527:G-130
4246:MMDMA
4177:MDPEA
3728:6-FNE
3723:4-MTA
3718:4-MMA
3168:4-CMC
3163:4-BMC
2615:. PBS
2546:(PDF)
2539:(PDF)
2227:S2CID
2173:S2CID
1927:(PDF)
1916:S2CID
1882:(PDF)
1654:S2CID
1198:As a
1166:1961
1071:yayoo
1059:yahoo
1039:tweak
1027:teeth
1015:sleet
963:ready
939:paste
911:hubba
875:fries
843:cloud
831:cavvy
815:caine
787:berry
759:atari
634:fetus
266:With
230:With
162:toxic
151:mouth
119:Miami
52:crack
5591:N06B
4926:MDPV
4906:MPPP
4901:MPHP
4896:MPBP
4881:FPVP
4876:FPOP
4660:oMPP
4655:MBZP
4414:PPAP
4409:PMMA
4404:PMEA
4344:PCMA
4251:MMMA
4241:MMDA
4172:MDPR
4167:MDOH
4152:MDEA
4147:MDBU
4137:MBDB
4068:HMMA
3959:EBDB
3930:DOPA
3847:BPAP
3713:4-MA
3504:DMCM
3019:PEPA
2704:OCLC
2694:ISBN
2675:OCLC
2665:ISBN
2621:2013
2517:ISBN
2416:PMID
2390:JAMA
2348:PMID
2275:PMID
2219:PMID
2165:PMID
2115:2017
2080:ISBN
2053:ISBN
2011:PMID
1974:PMID
1908:PMID
1851:2023
1794:ISBN
1705:PMID
1605:PMID
1560:2020
1532:2009
1521:PMID
1413:ISBN
1381:ISBN
1326:UFMG
1237:The
1208:coca
1132:and
1087:yuck
1079:yeyo
1063:yale
1055:work
1047:wash
995:scud
979:rock
975:roca
955:pony
907:hard
899:hail
895:grit
819:cane
799:bomb
795:bolo
791:bing
779:bebe
763:base
502:and
367:and
254:+ CO
72:high
56:rock
5311:BTQ
5250:αMT
5245:αET
5072:PTT
5067:PIT
4936:PEP
4605:BZP
4399:PMA
4394:PIA
4349:PHA
4339:PCA
4334:PBA
4231:MMA
3837:BOH
3832:BDB
2406:PMC
2398:doi
2394:285
2338:PMC
2330:doi
2267:doi
2255:206
2209:hdl
2201:doi
2155:hdl
2147:doi
2003:doi
1964:PMC
1956:doi
1952:132
1900:doi
1892:307
1695:PMC
1685:doi
1646:doi
1595:PMC
1587:doi
1511:doi
1253:to
1083:yeo
1067:yay
987:rox
959:raw
883:glo
879:fry
867:fan
859:dip
684:may
605:).
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258:+ H
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