231:. Realising the need to transition into new economic ventures, Honesty II and Eyamba V sent numerous letters to the captains of liverpool and other supercargo captains requesting that they send teachers and missionaries to Old Calabar to teach them commerce and religion. The request of the kings and chiefs of Old Calabar was heard and missionaries were sent to Old Calabar. The earliest missionaries of the United church of scotland mission arrived in 1846. On their arrival, a school was set up at Creek Town. The missionaries made efforts to change several religious practices which took place at Old Calabar. Religious reforms occurred at a faster pace in Creek Town than other Old Calabar communities due to liberal attitude of Honesty II. Under the reign of Honesty II, the symbol of the Ekpenyong deity was banished from the community.
209:
first half of the 17th century. The indigenes of Creek Town are the Efik and the Efut. A number of accounts regarding the founding of Creek Town were narrated at the 1964 Hart's enquiry. One account states that the Efut community which form part of the Bantu stock arrived the lower Cross River in droves with the Adadia community first settling at Creek Town. The Adadia community were later driven away on the arrival of one group of the Efik who exited the island of
Ndodoghi due to multiple deaths on the island. The families that made up the Efik group were the Efiom Ekpos' and the Atais'. Another account by Muri Hogan Efiong asserts that the Efuts were the earliest settlers followed by the Efik.
53:
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208:
It is uncertain the year Creek Town was founded. Chief Efiong Ukpong Aye estimates the period in which Creek Town was founded as early as the 14th century. A.J.H. Latham estimates that Creek Town was founded about the end of the sixteenth century. Talbot estimates the
Occupation of Creek Town to the
226:
The year 1841 marked a political change in the history of Creek Town and Old
Calabar in general. Eyo Honesty II was the reigning king of Creek town and one of the most important men in old Calabar. Although the slave trade was abolished in the international community in 1812, exportation of slaves
239:
With the inception of the
Colonial government, the towns of Old Calabar were reorganised and two separate divisions i.e Creek Town and Old Calabar were formed. The Creek Town division consisted of Creek Town, Mbiabo, Adiabo and Ibonda while the Old Calabar division consisted of Duke Town, Henshaw
199:
The town has a rich history dating back to the pre-colonial era when it served as a major trading post during the transatlantic trade. Creek Town was an important center for trade and commerce due to its strategic location along the river. The town played a significant role in the economic and
217:
Creek Town like many other coastal communities in West Africa was a major slave trading port during the period of the
Triangular slave trade. The principal slave traders were the Efik as there is no evidence to suggest that the Efut Abua community partook in the exportation of slaves.
339:
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from Old
Calabar was still on-going until Commander Raymond arrived with documents insisting the kings and chiefs stop the exportation of slaves from Old Calabar. These documents were signed by King Eyo Honesty II and King
248:
Creek Town has preserved its cultural heritage through generations. The town's festivals, traditional music, and dance forms are celebrated and practiced by the local community. The annual
879:
191:
region prior to the August 1, 1904 declaration which annulled the use of the name "Old
Calabar" and changed the regional name to simply "Calabar".
770:
Merchant's and
Mariner's African Guide: containing an accurate description of the coast, bays, harbours and adjacent islands of West Africa
615:
Merchant's and
Mariner's African Guide: containing an accurate description of the coast, bays, harbours and adjacent islands of West Africa
183:. Creek Town is known for its historical and cultural significance in the region. It is situated about 8 miles (13 km) Northeast from
793:
638:
84:
884:
521:
52:
599:
The People of
Southern Nigeria: a sketch of their history, ethnology and languages, with an abstract of the 1921 census
750:
631:
Politics and Society in South Eastern Nigeria, 1841–1906: A Study of Power, Diplomacy and Commerce in Old Calabar
176:
838:
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Simmons, Donald C. (1968) , "An Ethnographic Sketch of the Efik people", in Forde, Daryll (ed.),
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Old Calabar (1600–1891): The Impact of the International Economy upon a Traditional Society
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showcases a vibrant display of traditional dances, colorful costumes, and local cuisine.
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Daniell, W.F. (1848). "On the Natives of Old Callebar, West Coast of Africa".
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Report of the Enquiry into the Dispute Over the Obongship of Calabar
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cultural exchanges between local communities and foreign traders.
522:"Creek Town, Cross River, Nigeria – Creek Town – WorldPlaces"
804:
Journal of the Ethnological Society of London (1848–1856)
187:. Creek Town was one of the city-states that made up the
752:
Twenty-Nine Years in the West Indies and Central Africa
721:, London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans & Roberts
649:
Analysis of the Reflection of Culture in Efik folktales
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135:
125:
115:
24:
340:"Creek Town: Calabar's food basket – Daily Trust"
735:Records of the African Association, 1788–1831
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601:, vol. 1, London: Frank Cass & Co.
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426:"The must-sees in Calabar – Daily Trust"
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880:Populated places in Cross River State
171:is a town located in the present-day
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788:, Calabar: Glad Tidings Press Ltd.,
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402:"Creek Town | Nigeria | Britannica"
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364:
472:
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856:Creek Town: Calabar's food basket
658:Old Calabar through the centuries
240:Town, Cobham Town and Aqua town.
749:Waddell, Hope Masterton (1863),
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772:, Salem: Cushing & Appleton
703:, Enugu: The Government Printer
617:, Salem: Cushing & Appleton
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715:Hutchinson, Thomas J. (1858),
687:, London: Dawsons of Pall Mall
1:
660:, Calabar: Hope Waddell Press
597:Talbot, Percy Amaury (1969),
16:Town in Cross Rivers, Nigeria
733:Hallett, Robin, ed. (1964),
329:, King and Missionary, p.242
19:Town in Cross River, Nigeria
755:, London: Nelson & Sons
737:, London;New York: T.Nelson
685:Efik Traders of Old Calabar
647:Simmons, Donald C. (1958).
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718:Impressions of West Africa
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678:, Oxford: Clarendon Press
267:in Creek Town since 1805
175:Local Government Area of
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699:Hart, A. Kalada (1964),
629:Nair, Kannan K. (1972),
213:Triangular trade to 1841
784:Aye, Efiong U. (2000),
672:Latham, A.J.H. (1973),
656:Aye, Efiong U. (1967),
651:(PhD). Yale University.
885:14th century in Africa
768:Bold, Edward (1823) ,
633:, London: Frank Cass,
613:Bold, Edward (1823) ,
526:nigeria.worldplaces.me
379:, The Efik people, 213
583:, Old Calabar, p.10
463:, Old Calabar, p.31
96: /
72:Location in Nigeria
406:www.britannica.com
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265:Population growth
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81:Coordinates:
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529:. Retrieved
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487:, pp.184-185
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349:. Retrieved
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301:4,000 (est)
298:2,500 (est)
295:3,000 (est)
292:1,500 (est)
256:Demographics
249:
247:
238:
235:1885 to 1960
225:
222:1841 to 1884
216:
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168:
164:
163:
810:: 210–227.
345:Daily Trust
289:Population
189:Old Calabar
177:Cross River
130:Cross River
103: /
874:Categories
840:Creek Town
728:1046641528
557:Hutchinson
531:2023-08-28
499:, pp.26-27
435:2023-08-28
411:2023-08-28
351:2023-08-28
309:References
165:Creek Town
66:Creek Town
42:Creek Town
26:Creek Town
762:862147545
667:476222042
608:716063900
185:Duke Town
179:state of
147:Time zone
91:8°19′20″E
88:4°55′52″N
779:28711857
710:32857131
694:67514086
624:28711857
229:Eyamba V
173:Odukpani
169:Obio Oko
140:Odukpani
29:Obio Oko
862:May 12,
846:May 12,
824:3014087
569:Simmons
559:, p.133
547:, p.206
545:Hallett
511:, p.212
451:, p.147
389:Daniell
367:, p.206
365:Hallett
244:Culture
195:History
181:Nigeria
120:Nigeria
116:Country
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792:
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744:574796
742:
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665:
637:
622:
606:
571:, p.12
485:Talbot
475:, p.12
473:Latham
820:JSTOR
449:Imbua
391:, 210
314:Notes
284:1956
281:1952
278:1858
275:1805
272:Year
152:UTC+1
126:State
864:2021
848:2021
790:ISBN
775:OCLC
758:OCLC
740:OCLC
724:OCLC
706:OCLC
690:OCLC
663:OCLC
635:ISBN
620:OCLC
604:OCLC
509:Nair
497:Hart
327:Nair
36:Town
812:doi
581:Aye
461:Aye
377:Aye
156:WAT
136:LGA
876::
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154:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
