31:
529:. Under the Southern Headquarters of the Partisan Movement, the Crimean Regional Committee re-established itself underground with Genov as its leader, and by early 1943, more than 1,300 people across 106 underground organisations were actively participating in the resistance. In June 1943, the Crimean Headquarters of the Partisan Movement was re-established. Vladimir Bulatov was made commander.
536:, engaging in combat with German and Romanian troops and killing at least 600. However, their commander, P. I. Nestorov, was captured in February 1944 and executed. German forces additionally sealed quarries where partisans were hiding, trapping them inside. The surviving partisans linked up with the Red Army on 11 April 1944.
427:
578:, the partisans took on a significant role in the peninsula's recapture. Simferopol, Karasubazar, and Staryi Krym were recaptured on 13 April 1944. Two days later, Yalta and Alushta were recaptured. By 12 May 1944, German troops had been completely forced from Crimea, bringing an end to the war in the peninsula.
479:, was placed in charge of organising and expanding the partisan movement in April 1942. 34 partisan leaders were dispersed throughout Crimea in order to foment resistance in the peninsula's cities and districts. Further underground party structures were established in Simferopol, Feodosia, and Karasubazar.
597:
also praised the partisans, noting that they carried out 3,226 actions against the occupation of Crimea, including 252 battles. In addition to military activities, the
Crimean partisans published 213 pro-Soviet newspapers, leaflets, and other agitation activities, altogether having a circulation of 3
570:
were placed in charge of the operation, leading to the deaths of 3,700 partisans per
Romanian sources. German sources estimated that around 7,000-8,000 partisans were in the Crimean Mountains in November 1943, though Soviet documentation places the total number of partisans around 4,000-5,000.
517:
Following
Mokrousov's removal, leadership of the Crimean resistance movement changed hands several times. On 3 August 1942, the Crimean and North Caucasian Headquarters of the Partisan Movement were merged into the Southern Headquarters of the Partisan Movement, under the leadership of
383:
The first confrontation between German forces and
Crimean partisans was on 3 November 1941, when the Ichkinsky partisan detachment engaged German and Romanian forces at the Lower Kok-Asan, near Karasubazar. The five-hour battle ended in a victory for the partisans, allowing an
298:
447:
395:
The
Crimean partisans were dealt a significant blow in December 1941 when the Yalta partisan detachment was attacked by Romanian forces. According to later Soviet reports, 175 partisans were killed, 200 were wounded, and 73 went missing, including
332:
79:
64:
337:. 2 million rubles were allocated for materiel costs. By 20 November 1941, 28 partisan detachments existed, consisting of 3,734 people, of whom 1,316 had previously been military personnel. Around 1,000 were additionally members of the
109:
501:
mountain range. The first flight landed on 28 September 1942, and flights continued until the peninsula was fully recaptured by the
Soviets. In total, more than 450 people were evacuated, and 240 tonnes of cargo were delivered.
524:
94:
402:
1337:
510:
Beginning in 1942, activities were taken out by the
Central Headquarters of the Partisan Movement to reorganise local partisan movements and introduce further discipline. Mokrousov was recalled to
671:
470:
287:
1627:
323:. From this, 24 partisan detachments were formed. Shortly following the establishment of the detachments, an influx of Soviet military personnel occurred, further increasing their numbers.
532:
On 19 October 1943, the scheduled date of a wide-reaching deportation from Kerch by German forces, a detachment was formed consisting of 130 local youths. The detachment was active in the
1471:
1496:
1393:
1330:
514:
and placed on trial for extrajudicial executions. Significant debate exists between historians as to whether there was truth to these claims or if
Mokrousov was framed.
1446:
1441:
1526:
441:, the V. I. Lenin and I. V. Stalin partisan detachments provided assistance to Red Army forces, launching attacks on German forces and helping to hold landing sites.
1323:
1088:
803:
270:, preparations began for the establishment of a partisan movement in the Crimean peninsula in the case it were to fall into the hands of the German authorities.
677:
303:, and Ye. V. Yefimova were the organisers of the centre. In other cities throughout the peninsula, remnants of the Communist Party organised in cities such as
1454:
1203:
In the footsteps of the people's feat: Routes of
Courage and Glory of the Crimean Partisans and Underground Workers During the Great Patriotic War - a Guide
1591:
1501:
1405:
1622:
1521:
1536:
1541:
1426:
346:
490:
was instructed by the Soviet military command to begin the process of assisting the partisans by evacuating the wounded and providing supplies.
1199:По следам народного подвига: Маршрутами мужества и славы крымских партизан и подпольщиков в годы Великой Отечественной войны: путеводитель
629:
486:. Around mid-1942, stable communications with partisans were established by Red Army forces, and efforts to supply them by air began. The
274:
1361:
483:
1115:
912:
464:. By April 1942, with Germany completely occupying Crimea, it became evident that coordination of partisan activity was necessary.
497:
In order to facilitate the reception of aid, an impromptu air field was created by the partisans in the
Crimean Mountains, in the
482:
By mid-July 1942, there were 2,217 partisans in Crimea's forests. At the same time, partisans were fighting German forces at the
209:
1617:
1346:
653:
The Crimean resistance movement was decentralised, and many people have been described as "leaders" of the movement, such as
593:
praised the Crimean partisans for their role in bringing about the success of the Crimean offensive. Soviet partisan leader
1516:
438:
1554:
134:
104:
533:
1491:
1481:
587:
1612:
1466:
1376:
666:
413:
282:
36:
610:. 3,000 members of the resistance, including 1,500 partisans, were awarded by the Soviet Union for their actions.
494:, commander of the North Caucasian Front, personally took part in creating plans to supply the Crimean partisans.
783:
676:. This list refers only to commanders of the Crimean Headquarters of the Partisan Movement, a department of the
1410:
599:
554:
German military leadership in Crimea understood that with spring would come a new Soviet offensive. Therefore,
273:
The first Crimean partisan organisation was established in early October 1941, at an underground centre of the
326:
On 23 October 1941, the Crimean Headquarters of the Partisan Movement was established under the leadership of
1172:
1042:
607:
594:
320:
293:
171:
1506:
487:
1243:Освобождение городов. Справочник по освобождению городов в период Великой Отечественной войны 1941—1945
1131:
Broshevan, V. M. (2001). ""По законам военного времени"" ["According to the Laws of Wartime"].
442:
327:
59:
1573:
1371:
1260:
590:
567:
519:
267:
89:
74:
397:
1431:
30:
1247:
Cities' Liberation: Handbook on the Liberation of Cities During the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945
1568:
1563:
1436:
1381:
1082:
797:
563:
461:
204:
465:
388:
detachment and military hospital to escape to the coast. Following the battle, they fled to the
408:
1578:
1476:
1366:
1111:
908:
624:
575:
476:
389:
1531:
1511:
1486:
1459:
1315:
1216:
634:
255:
239:
151:
1398:
662:
559:
491:
377:
360:
The Crimean Submediterranean forest complex's western portion, centred around Karasubazar.
226:
during World War II refers to various decentralised groups who resisted the occupation of
242:
during World War II, and included many of the peninsula's various ethnic groups, such as
603:
555:
251:
1606:
658:
548:
498:
430:
341:. The Crimean Headquarters of the Partisan Movement was divided into five districts:
928:
598:
million copies. Six members of the resistance from Crimea were awarded the title of
238:, the resistance movement in the Crimean peninsula formed a significant part of the
959:
366:
231:
199:
176:
143:
720:
376:
In addition to these five districts, three partisan detachments operated in the
354:
194:
1108:
The Horrible Truths of the Great Patriotic War: Partisans Without Sworn Secrecy
905:
The Horrible Truths of the Great Patriotic War: Partisans Without Sworn Secrecy
558:
ordered an anti-partisan operation in the Crimean Mountains. Romanian generals
654:
308:
304:
247:
547:
train station, the furnaces of five locomotives were blown up with mines. In
16:
Underground resistance movement against Nazi Germany in the Crimean peninsula
452:'s 15th detachment, working with the 10th detachment, launched an attack on
433:, pictured here in 1990, functioned as an airfield for the Crimean partisans
312:
156:
551:, an artillery depot and warehouse was bombed, killing 30 German soldiers.
407:, commander of the fourth district. Averkin was later found dead near the
544:
540:
457:
338:
243:
1388:
1104:Страшная правда о Великой Отечественной. Партизаны без грифа «Секретно»
901:Страшная правда о Великой Отечественной. Партизаны без грифа «Секретно»
453:
1181:
The All-People's Struggle in the Rear of the Nazi Invaders, 1941-1944
1051:
The All-People's Struggle in the Rear of the Nazi Invaders, 1941-1944
1029:
The Partisan movement in Crimea, 1941-1942: A Collection of Documents
864:
The Partisan movement in Crimea, 1941-1942: A Collection of Documents
845:
The All-People's Struggle in the Rear of the Nazi Invaders, 1941-1944
823:
The Partisan movement in Crimea, 1941-1942: A Collection of Documents
619:
511:
227:
1177:Всенародная борьба в тылу немецко-фашистских захватчиков 1941—1944
1047:Всенародная борьба в тылу немецко-фашистских захватчиков 1941—1944
841:Всенародная борьба в тылу немецко-фашистских захватчиков 1941—1944
792:] (in Russian) (3rd ed.). Moscow. 1973. pp. 509–511.
425:
350:
316:
278:
1158:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. pp. 44–45, 80, 135.
385:
1319:
723:[The Partisan Movement During the Great Patriotic War]
426:
1309:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Krymidzat. pp. 148–149.
1025:Партизанское движение в Крыму 1941—1942. Сборник документов
991:
The Defence of Sevastopol: A Full Chronicle of the 250 Days
866:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Sonat, GAARK. pp. 3–4.
860:Партизанское движение в Крыму 1941—1942. Сборник документов
819:Партизанское движение в Крыму 1941—1942. Сборник документов
1271:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. pp. 377, 409.
721:"Партизанское движение в годы Великой Отечественной войны"
1290:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. pp. 222–224.
825:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Sonat, GAARK. p. 13.
1031:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Sonat, GAARK. p. 7.
543:, a campaign of sabotage of German rail connections. At
234:
during World War II. Also often referred to by the term
907:] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza, Eksmo. p. 205.
772:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Krymidzat. p. 11.
475:, a partisan military commander in Crimea during the
392:. Today a monument exists where the battle occurred.
1183:] (in Russian). Moscow: Nauka. pp. 112–113.
1053:] (in Russian). Moscow: Nauka. pp. 112–113.
1419:
1354:
1012:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. p. 79.
750:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. p. 34.
708:] (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat. p. 97.
187:
164:
133:
123:
48:
23:
1628:Eastern European World War II resistance movements
931:[Information from Irretrievable Reports].
847:] (in Russian). Moscow: Nauka. pp. 48–49.
1075:The Crimean Headquarters of the Partisan Movement
929:"Информация из донесения о безвозвратных потерях"
460:, killing 64. Partisans also participated in the
987:Оборона Севастополя. Полная хроника — 250 дней
1331:
678:Central Headquarters of the Partisan Movement
8:
1303:Партизанское движение в Крыму в 1941—1944 гг
993:] (in Russian). Moscow: AST. p. 51.
766:Партизанское движение в Крыму в 1941—1944 гг
43:government of Crimea throughout World War II
37:Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
539:Crimean partisans also participated in the
1338:
1324:
1316:
1307:The partisan movement in Crimea, 1941-1944
1197:Shamko, Yekaterina; Shamko, V. I. (1986).
1110:] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza, Eksmo.
1087:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
802:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
770:The partisan movement in Crimea, 1941-1944
20:
506:Reorganisation and liberation (1942–1944)
1205:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Tavriya.
422:Landing support and airlifts (1941–1942)
1249:] (in Russian). Moscow: Voyenizdat.
888:] (in Russian). Moscow: Voyenizdat.
692:
646:
347:Crimean Submediterranean forest complex
1080:
882:Четыре времени года: дневник партизана
795:
262:Establishment and early efforts (1941)
1192:
1190:
1167:
1165:
1064:
1062:
1060:
954:
952:
950:
886:The Four Seasons: Diary of a Partisan
875:
873:
7:
1071:Крымский штаб партизанского движения
834:
832:
759:
757:
349:'s eastern portion, centred around
275:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
729:St. Petersburg University Bulletin
484:defense of the Adzhimushkay quarry
14:
1623:World War II resistance movements
839:Ponomarenko, Panteleimon (1986).
418:spring in the Crimean Mountains.
315:(then known as Karasubazar), and
962:[Lenin Partisan Group].
586:Following the war's conclusion,
29:
1077:] (in Russian). Simferopol.
960:"ПАРТИЗАНСКИЙ ОТРЯД ИМ. ЛЕНИНА"
630:Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)
277:in the eastern Crimean city of
1347:Resistance during World War II
1217:"Maj. general Ioan Dumitrache"
785:Большая Советская Энциклопедия
1:
1284:Непокорённая земля Российская
1152:Непокорённая земля Российская
1006:Непокорённая земля Российская
744:Непокорённая земля Российская
702:Непокорённая земля Российская
456:officers fleeing the city of
439:Battle of the Kerch Peninsula
1288:The Unconquered Russian Land
1010:The Unconquered Russian Land
748:The Unconquered Russian Land
706:The Unconquered Russian Land
1301:Shamko, Yekaterina (1959).
1156:The Unoccupied Russian Land
1023:Malgin, A. V., ed. (2006).
858:Malgin, A. V., ed. (2006).
817:Malgin, A. V., ed. (2006).
764:Shamko, Yekaterina (1959).
588:Marshal of the Soviet Union
266:Following the beginning of
224:Crimean resistance movement
24:Crimean resistance movement
1644:
1377:June Uprising in Lithuania
606:, and 17 were awarded the
574:With the beginning of the
1355:Anti-communist resistance
1069:Broshevan, V. M. (2001).
790:Great Soviet Encyclopedia
731:(in Russian) (2): 88–100.
28:
1173:Ponomarenko, Panteleimon
1133:Military-History Archive
1043:Ponomarenko, Panteleimon
719:Polyakov, V. E. (2016).
600:Hero of the Soviet Union
240:Soviet partisan movement
1420:Anti-fascist resistance
1282:Makarov, N. I. (1976).
1150:Makarov, N. I. (1976).
1004:Makarov, N. I. (1979).
742:Makarov, N. I. (1976).
700:Makarov, N. I. (1976).
608:Order of the Red Banner
595:Panteleimon Ponomarenko
534:Kerch–Eltigen operation
1618:Crimea in World War II
1269:The Work of a Lifetime
1241:Ivanov, S. P. (1985).
985:Suldin, A. V. (2014).
602:, 14 were awarded the
582:Role in the war effort
434:
321:Krasnohvardiiske Raion
1261:Vasilevsky, Alexander
1102:Polyakov, V. (2009).
899:Polyakov, V. (2009).
488:North Caucasian Front
429:
1372:Lithuanian partisans
880:Genov, Ivan (1969).
591:Aleksandr Vasilevsky
294:Vasily Kolesnichenko
268:Operation Barbarossa
1455:Bohemia and Moravia
657:underground leader
1382:Estonian partisans
564:Leonard Mociulschi
462:Yevpatoria assault
435:
205:Kingdom of Romania
125:Dates of operation
1613:Crimean partisans
1600:
1599:
1367:Latvian partisans
625:Crimean offensive
576:Crimean offensive
477:Russian Civil War
443:Basan Gorodovikov
390:Crimean Mountains
319:, as well as the
236:Crimean partisans
220:
219:
116:
101:
86:
71:
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697:
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675:
651:
635:Yuke-Tepe (1025)
528:
474:
451:
417:
406:
336:
328:Alexei Mokrousov
302:
291:
152:Marxism-Leninism
126:
114:
113:
105:Vladimir Bulatov
99:
98:
84:
83:
69:
68:
60:Alexei Mokrousov
33:
21:
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1601:
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1451:Czechoslovakia
1447:Channel Islands
1415:
1399:Cursed soldiers
1350:
1344:
1314:
1300:
1299:
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1265:Дело всей жизни
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663:Kerch Peninsula
652:
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616:
584:
560:Ioan Dumitrache
522:
520:Pyotr Seleznyov
508:
492:Semyon Budyonny
468:
445:
424:
411:
400:
378:Kerch Peninsula
363:Central Crimea.
330:
296:
285:
264:
216:
210:Slovak Republic
183:
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124:
119:
107:
92:
90:Pyotr Seleznyov
77:
75:Georgy Seversky
62:
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5:
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604:Order of Lenin
583:
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556:Erwin Jaenecke
507:
504:
423:
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398:Dmitry Averkin
374:
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252:Crimean Tatars
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177:Soviet Union
144:Anti-fascism
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35:Flag of the
18:
1512:Netherlands
1226:24 December
970:24 December
939:24 December
670: [
667:Ivan Kozlov
523: [
469: [
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437:During the
412: [
401: [
372:Sevastopol.
355:Staryi Krym
331: [
297: [
286: [
283:Ivan Kozlov
115:(1943–1944)
108: [
100:(1942–1943)
93: [
78: [
70:(1941–1942)
63: [
1607:Categories
1564:Yugoslavia
1507:Luxembourg
1349:by country
688:References
655:Simferopol
568:Third Army
466:Ivan Genov
369:and Yalta.
309:Simferopol
305:Sevastopol
248:Ukrainians
1588:See also:
1574:Macedonia
1502:Lithuania
1083:cite book
798:cite book
409:Beş Tekne
313:Bilohirsk
188:Opponents
157:Stalinism
129:1941–1944
1579:Slovenia
1555:Taganrog
1460:Slovakia
1442:Bulgaria
1389:Bulgaria
1263:(1983).
1175:(1986).
1139:: 24–30.
1045:(1986).
933:Memorial
614:See also
545:Baherove
541:rail war
458:Feodosia
339:Komsomol
244:Russians
147:Primary:
140:Various:
135:Ideology
53:Various:
1569:Croatia
1546:Russia
1542:Moldova
1537:Belarus
1527:Romania
1482:Germany
1472:Estonia
1467:Denmark
1437:Belgium
1432:Austria
1427:Albania
1411:Ukraine
1406:Romania
665:leader
566:of the
454:Gestapo
41:de jure
1592:Jewish
1550:Crimea
1522:Poland
1517:Norway
1497:Latvia
1487:Greece
1477:France
1394:Poland
1114:
911:
620:Crimea
512:Moscow
256:Greeks
254:, and
228:Crimea
172:Allies
165:Allies
85:(1942)
49:Leader
39:, the
1492:Italy
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317:Yalta
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279:Kerch
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1228:2022
1112:ISBN
1089:link
972:2022
941:2022
909:ISBN
804:link
661:and
562:and
386:NKVD
353:and
345:The
222:The
195:Axis
230:by
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
