417:
183:
393:
461:, other animals such as cattle, horses, birds and cats may also be bred in this fashion. Some crossbred breeders start a freestanding breed registry to record designer crossbreds, other crossbreds may be included in an "appendix" to an existing purebred registry. either form of registration may be the first step in recording and tracking
136:
In cattle, there are systems of crossbreeding. In many crossbreeds, one animal is larger than the other. One is used when the purebred females are particularly adapted to a specific environment, and are crossed with purebred bulls from another environment to produce a generation having traits of both
149:
Results of crossbreeding classic and woolly breeds of llama are unpredictable. The resulting offspring displays physical characteristics of either parent, or a mix of characteristics from both, periodically producing a fleeced llama. The results are increasingly unpredictable when both parents are
528:
of the combination. An F2 cross bred to an F2 cross creates an F3 cross. Similarly, an F2 animal bred to an F1 animal creates an F2b backcross. F3 crosses and greater are called "multi-generational" crosses. In dog breeding, three generations of reliable documented breeding can be considered a
237:, which will register horses with one Thoroughbred parent and one registered Quarter Horse parent in the "Appendix" registry, and allow such animals full breed registration status as Quarter Horses if they meet a certain performance standard. Another well-known crossbred horse is the
45:
parents of two different breeds, varieties, or populations. A domestic animal of unknown ancestry, where the breed status of only one parent or grandparent is known, may also be called a crossbreed though the term "mixed breed" is technically more accurate.
537:
is a frequent breed used in creation of designer crossbreeds, due to its non-shedding coat, but that trait does not always breed true when it is part of a designer cross. Also, because breeders of crossbred animals may be less careful about
178:
without loss of attractiveness of the dog. Certain planned crossbreeding between purebred dogs of different breeds are now widely known as "designer dogs" and can produce puppies worth more than their purebred parents, due to a high demand.
74:
Crossbreeding is the process of breeding such an organism. It can be beneficially used to maintain health and viability of organisms. However, irresponsible crossbreeding can also produce organisms of inferior quality or dilute a
532:
There are disadvantages to creating designer crossbreeds, notably the potential that the cross will be of inferior quality or that it will not produce as consistent a result as would breeding purebred animals. For example, the
245:
crossed on a
Thoroughbred, or by various crosses of Anglo-Arabians with other Anglo-Arabians, as long as the ensuing animal never has more than 75% or less than 25% of each breed represented in its pedigree.
1410:
449:. These animals are the result of a deliberate decision to create a specific crossbred animal. Less often, the animal may have more than two pure breeds in its ancestry, but unlike a mutt or a
264:
animal is one with parentage of two separate species, differentiating it from crossbred animals, which have parentage of the same species. Hybrids are usually, but not always, sterile.
143:
The large number of breeds of sheep, which vary greatly, creates an opportunity for crossbreeding to be used to tailor production of lambs to the goal of the individual stockman.
546:
may still be passed on to a crossbreed offspring. In an F2 cross, recessive genetic traits may also return if the parent animals were both carriers of an undesired trait.
595:
71:
is uncommon, and no universal term is used to distinguish hybridization or crossing within a population from those between populations, or even those between species.
754:
205:
Crossbreeding horses is often done with the intent of ultimately creating a new breed of horse. One type of modern crossbreeding in horses created many of the
641:
524:." The breeding of two crossbreeds of the same combination of breeds, creating an F2 cross, an animal that is still a 50–50 cross, but it is the second
50:
is a type of crossbreeding used within a purebred breed to increase the genetic diversity within the breed, particularly when there is a need to avoid
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221:
procedure that evaluates conformation, pedigree and, in some animals, a training or performance standard. Most warmblood breeds began as a cross of
693:
1393:
229:, but have, in some cases, developed over the past century to the point where they are considered to be a true-breeding population and have a
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174:, which has ancestry from many sources, some of which may not be known. Crossbreeds are popular, due to the belief that they have
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A mixed-breed animal is defined as having undocumented or unknown parentage, while a crossbreed generally has known, usually
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150:
crossbreeds, with possibility of the offspring displaying characteristics of a grandparent, not obvious in either parent.
520:. Subsequent generations may see a purebred animal crossed back on a crossbred, creating a 75/25 cross, or a BC1 or F1b "
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parents of two distinct breeds or varieties. A dog of unknown parentage is often called a mixed-breed dog, "mutt" or "
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generically, and in some dialects is often called a "moggie". A horse of unknown bloodlines is called a
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is known to descend from specific known animals. While the term is best known when applied to certain
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dog is a cross between two (sometimes more) known breeds, and is usually distinguished from a
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The purpose of creating designer crossbreds is usually one or more of the following reasons:
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to develop an animal that combines what are viewed as the best traits of two or more breeds,
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are crossbreeds between existing, well-established breeds (sometimes with limited
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At one time it was thought that dogs and wolves were separate species, and the
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are crosses between different species. In plant breeding terminology, the term
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was developed from crossbreeding programs in the 1970s and 1980s that blended
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were called wolf hybrids. Today wolves and dogs are both recognized as
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Crossbreeding In Sheep, by Angie Bailey, Jason Canup and Jorge Lucena
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106:
with some wild species), to either combine selected traits from the
808:"Crossbreeding Beef Cattle - Home - Virginia Cooperative Extension"
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A designer crossbreed or designer breed is a crossbred animal with
233:. Other types of recognized crossbreeding include that within the
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as the preliminary steps toward developing a new animal breed.
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to create animals with more predictable characteristics than
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plant breeding: A first generation, 50–50 crossbred is an
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Department of
Primary Industries and Fisheries, Queensland
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and weeding out undesirable traits, certain deleterious
362:." A cat of unknown parentage is often referred to as a
267:
One of the most ancient types of hybrid animal is the
1479:
1354:
1151:
1000:
934:
755:"What is a Designer Dog Breed - About Hybrid Dogs"
340:, but the old term "wolf hybrid" is still used.
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620:Cross breeding systems for beef cattle larger
8:
757:. Dogs.about.com. 2013-07-14. Archived from
118:. However, some nascent breeds such as the
644:2008-05-24 at Wikiwix Purdue University, US
508:Breeders of designer crossbreds borrow the
311:(between a male tiger and female lion) and
61:are crosses within a single species, while
982:Smart breeding (Marker-assisted selection)
897:
883:
875:
802:
800:
781:"Can Parrots Crossbreed? (Hybrid Parrots)"
848:
846:
319:). The Incas recognized that hybrids of
98:The many newly developed and recognized
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716:"An Ancient Livestock, by Barbara Lang"
587:
27:Animal with parents of differing breeds
241:, which may be produced by a purebred
213:disciplines, usually registered in an
7:
854:""Designer Dogs" vs 'Purebred Dogs""
596:"The sad truth about animal hybrids"
122:are developed entirely from a local
1411:Selection methods in plant breeding
696:from the original on 1 January 2018
684:Anitei, Stefan (11 December 2006).
665:from the original on 24 August 2017
476:, commonly known as "hybrid vigor",
441:parents, usually registered with a
529:"breed" rather than a crossbreed.
498:that plague many purebred animals,
25:
830:"F2 generation - definition from"
465:in order to develop a new breed.
686:"Why Are Hybrids Sterile ?"
415:
391:
779:Stephens, Carrie (2022-11-05).
430:and one of several other breeds
385:Examples of designer crossbreds
332:crosses between dogs and wolves
91:Crossbreeds in specific animals
1:
490:to avoid certain undesirable
307:. Other crosses include the
426:horse is a cross between a
271:, a cross between a female
32:Crossbreed (disambiguation)
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79:gene pool to the point of
29:
1369:Marker-assisted selection
957:Marker-assisted selection
916:
445:, but from two different
368:domestic long-haired cat
856:. IDCBA. Archived from
128:experimental cat breeds
1451:Outbreeding depression
472:to breed animals with
315:(between a yak and an
235:American Quarter Horse
199:
110:, or propagate a rare
100:breeds of domestic cat
1456:Inbreeding depression
972:Preservation breeding
364:domestic short-haired
299:is a cross between a
287:cross between a male
185:
832:. Biology-Online.org
556:Artificial selection
494:traits that lead to
424:Friesian Sport Horse
57:In animal breeding,
41:is an organism with
30:For other uses, see
1143:Designer crossbreed
726:on 13 February 2012
720:alpacasincanada.com
659:lostcreekllamas.com
378:Designer crossbreed
209:breeds used in the
196:American Saddlebred
188:National Show Horse
977:Selective breeding
926:Lists of cultivars
625:2008-06-08 at the
576:Selective breeding
510:technical language
219:studbook selection
200:
126:population. Most
114:without excessive
1530:
1529:
1374:Natural selection
1355:Selection methods
962:Mutation breeding
810:. Pubs.ext.vt.edu
785:All About Parrots
526:filial generation
130:are crossbreeds.
16:(Redirected from
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1138:Captive breeding
1133:Breeding program
1113:Backyard breeder
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722:. Archived from
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655:"classic llamas"
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598:. Archived from
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108:foundation stock
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348:Main article:
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160:Dog crossbreed
158:Main article:
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860:on 2013-10-05
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828:MarkHolland.
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761:on 2016-11-04
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602:on 2020-11-23
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571:Introgression
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1357:and genetics
1331:Sweet potato
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942:Backcrossing
862:. Retrieved
858:the original
834:. Retrieved
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788:. Retrieved
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763:. Retrieved
759:the original
728:. Retrieved
724:the original
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604:. Retrieved
600:the original
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561:Canid hybrid
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140:
139:
133:
132:
95:
94:
73:
68:
62:
58:
56:
38:
36:
1466:Sex linkage
1431:Codominance
1404:stabilizing
1384:directional
1270:(daffodils)
1184:Callistemon
967:Outcrossing
481:mixed breed
372:grade horse
350:Mixed breed
337:Canis lupus
291:and female
275:and a male
223:draft horse
211:sport horse
83:of a given
59:crossbreeds
48:Outcrossing
1537:Categories
1517:Rare breed
1389:disruptive
1326:Strawberry
1057:Guinea pig
952:Inbreeding
947:Crossbreed
864:2013-10-04
836:2013-10-04
814:2013-10-04
790:2022-11-15
765:2013-10-04
606:2019-07-19
582:References
321:Lama glama
225:breeds on
198:bloodlines
120:Aegean cat
116:inbreeding
81:extinction
69:crossbreed
52:inbreeding
39:crossbreed
1471:F1 hybrid
1446:Heterosis
1436:Epistasis
1426:Dominance
1421:Phenotype
1379:balancing
1336:Sweetcorn
1319:cultivars
1283:Nepenthes
1268:Narcissus
1251:Grevillea
1211:Cherimoya
910:cultivars
566:Heterosis
522:backcross
492:recessive
487:breeding,
474:heterosis
463:pedigrees
207:warmblood
166:crossbred
137:parents.
1548:Breeding
1512:Landrace
1502:Germline
1497:Eugenics
1441:Dwarfing
1416:Genotype
1394:negative
1314:breeders
1233:Cucumber
1205:Capsicum
1198:Cannabis
1166:Japanese
1084:breeding
1067:breeding
1030:breeding
992:Purebred
694:Archived
663:Archived
642:Archived
623:Archived
550:See also
518:F1 cross
455:pedigree
439:purebred
428:Friesian
400:Cockapoo
356:purebred
124:landrace
112:mutation
77:purebred
43:purebred
1492:Breeder
1364:Culling
1276:Nemesia
1239:Gazania
1221:hybrids
1020:Chicken
935:Methods
485:mongrel
451:mongrel
360:mongrel
203:Horses:
147:Llamas:
134:Cattle:
64:hybrids
1341:Tomato
1289:Olives
1228:Coffee
1216:Citrus
1173:Banana
1101:Turkey
1091:Rabbit
1079:Pigeon
1037:Donkey
1015:Cattle
987:Hybrid
906:Breeds
535:Poodle
514:hybrid
447:breeds
404:Poodle
313:yakalo
303:and a
297:yattle
295:. The
285:hybrid
279:. The
277:donkey
262:hybrid
141:Sheep:
1480:Other
1294:Onion
1262:Mango
1245:Grape
1191:Canna
1178:Basil
1161:Apple
1096:Sheep
1062:Horse
1052:Goose
730:1 May
700:1 May
669:1 May
512:from
410:cross
402:is a
309:tigon
293:tiger
283:is a
281:liger
273:horse
217:by a
154:Dogs:
96:Cats:
85:breed
1309:Rose
1304:Rice
1299:Pear
1047:Goat
1042:Duck
908:and
732:2018
702:2018
671:2018
289:lion
269:mule
194:and
186:The
1257:Hop
1074:Pig
1025:Dog
1010:Cat
483:or
366:or
305:yak
301:cow
1539::
845:^
799:^
783:.
740:^
718:.
692:.
688:.
661:.
657:.
422:A
398:A
374:.
260:A
164:A
54:.
37:A
898:e
891:t
884:v
867:.
839:.
817:.
793:.
768:.
734:.
704:.
673:.
609:.
406:/
34:.
20:)
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