451:
control of the
Pacific Airport Group (GAP). Gilberto Valenzuela Ezquerro contacted Eduardo Sanchez-Navarro Redo and arrangements were made for Christian Checa Levien, son-in-law of Laura Diez-Barroso Azcarraga de Laviada, to meet with Ralph Nieders to discuss the development of a cross-border terminal and land options. A private tour and meeting at the San Diego International Airport was then arranged between Christian Checa and Ralph Nieders by Theodore Sexton of the San Diego Regional Airport Authority. The three potential crossing sites Martinez Ranch, Britannia Commerce Center and Martinez Trust were discussed. The cross-border terminal then became part of the strategic development of the Tijuana airport. Land negotiations on Martinez Trust as well as Britannia Commerce Center failed. Samuel Zell of
377:
411:
579:
1278:
427:
Council lifted a building moratorium on Otay Mesa. SANDAG did not support the development of a cross-border terminal as it sought to again revive its efforts to create a bi-national airport on San Diego's Otay Mesa and
Mexicana de AviaciĂłn opted not to pursue the project in January, 1991. As Mexicana de AviaciĂłn withdrew, in February 1991, Rodolfo Ramos Ortiz/Aerocharter de MĂ©xico looking at the Tijuana airport's potential for passenger and cargo operations to Japan and other Pacific destinations joined Ralph Nieders to continue promoting the cross-border terminal. As shown by
325:
567:
539:
460:
US dollars and a final completion cost of $ 120 million US dollars, funded by
Mexican and U.S. private investors and Grupo Aeroportuario del PacĂfico. Building E of Tijuana's Terminal 1 was retrofitted to support the new bridge structure on the Mexican side. During the construction phase, a temporary border waiver between the U.S. and Mexico had to be issued by mutual legislation to allow U.S. construction cranes and U.S. fabricated steel bridge structural sections to cross the U.S.-Mexico boundary and be set over the six-lane
389:(1964–1970) was directed to modernize Mexico's airports and transportation system. In 1965, Gilberto Valenzuela approached then Mayor of San Diego Frank Curran with a proposal to jointly develop a Tijuana-San Diego airport on Otay Mesa, but at the time, San Diego considered Otay Mesa too remote. Gilberto Valenzuela Ezquerro then initiated the development of the Tijuana airport which was expanded from 128 hectares (316 acres) to 448 hectares (1107 acres) to accommodate a new terminal and runway.
45:
443:) consisting of 12 airports with 15 Million Annual Passengers and headquartered in Guadalajara. In 1999, a Spanish consortium won the concession and committed to developing the cross-border terminal but in August 2001, in an effort to reduce operating costs, canceled the project and Ralph Nieders resigned as GAP's cross-border project manager. The Tijuana cross-border terminal project then reverted to Mexico's airport authority
407:, became interested in developing international commercial/charter flights through Mexico to service the projected passenger traffic for the America's Cup challenge in San Diego. He met with Rodolfo Ramos Ortiz, who had introduced charter operations in Mexico in the 1970s and founded AerouniĂłn and Aerocharter de MĂ©xico, S.A. de C.V. Negotiations failed but the concept of a cross-border terminal continued to evolve.
503:
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527:
591:
52:
29:
555:
515:
483:
The
Tijuana cross-border terminal was renamed the Cross Border Xpress (CBX) and opened to passenger service on December 9, 2015. However, the official opening ceremony did not take place until April 7, 2016. Within seven months of the facility's opening, 600,000 passengers had used the facility, with
459:
After a quarter century of negotiations and planning for a cross-border terminal, construction began at the
Tijuana airport in October 2013 and work on the U.S. side began in June 2014. The cross-border terminal was completed in December 2015. The project had an initial estimated cost of $ 78 million
455:
then became interested and his representative David Contis met with
Christian Checa and Ralph Nieders. Land negotiations on Martinez Trust then followed and in 2007 negotiations on parcel APN 667-060-02 (Martinez Trust) were successfully completed. Otay-Tijuana Venture LLC was then created to develop
471:
Company. The civil engineer was
Latitude 33 Planning and Engineering. Structural engineers were Hope Amundson Structural Engineers and Kleinfelder. The electrical subcontractor was Bergelectric. The mechanical and plumbing subcontractor was Industrial Commercial Systems. The site work and management
450:
In 2006, Controladora
Mexicana de Aeropuertos S.A. de C.V. headed by Eduardo Sanchez-Navarro Redo, Carlos Laviada Ocejo and his wife Laura Diez-Barroso Azcarraga replaced Holdinmex S.A. de C.V. as the Mexican strategic partner within AMP (Aeropuertos Mexicanos del Pacifico, S.A. de C.V.) and assumed
434:
In 1993, San Diego's efforts to develop a regional bi-national airport failed and a recession during that same period also caused the collapse of land values in Otay Mesa. The selected site for the
Aerocharter cross-border terminal on the U.S. side was foreclosed. Efforts to build the cross-border
311:
CBX eliminates the need for travelers to navigate traditional border crossings, potentially bypassing lengthy wait times. Departing passengers check-in for their flight on the U.S. side, walk over the bridge, and proceed through
Mexican customs and airport security. Conversely, arriving passengers
426:
shown in this section became the first of a series of plans/diagrams that were created to better promote the project. Contact was then made with the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) whose plans for a "bi-national airport" had been undermined in November 1989, when the San Diego City
332:
The CBX bridge can only be used by passengers with boarding passes for flights into or out of Tijuana International Airport. Departing passengers can access the bridge up to 24 hours before their flight, while arriving passengers have two hours after landing to cross into the U.S.
487:
For its design and innovation in the category of Airport and Ports, in April 2016 Engineering News-Report (ENR) gave the Otay-Tijuana Cross Border Xpress (CBX) its Global Award For Merit. and in September 2016, awarded CBX the Airports/Transit Best Project in California.
422:, S.A. de C.V. in Mexico City. The proposal was accepted and a letter of intent drawn in 1990 for the acquisition of Martinez Ranch (parcel number APN 667-050-07) as the designated site for the cross-border terminal. The Mexicana de AviaciĂłn/Nieders
438:
In 1994, Mexico initiated its airport privatization program and the cross-border terminal was refloated by Gilberto Valenzuela Ezquerro and Ralph Nieders. The Tijuana airport became part of the Pacific Airport Group, known as GAP
315:
Conceptualized in 1989 by Ralph Nieders, CBX is managed by Otay-Tijuana Venture LLC, a consortium of U.S. and Mexican companies including PAP, PALAREO, EGI-OTAY Investors with financing from Invex and Bancomext.
384:
The first discussion of a cross-border terminal was part of a proposal initiated by Mexico's Minister of Public Works (Secretario de Obras Publicas) Gilberto Valenzuela Ezquerro who under Mexico's President
1079:
538:
431:, an updated rendering was then created showing a fully developed Tijuana airport and how its cargo and passengers would directly connect to San Diego's surface streets and freeway system.
1009:"TIJUANA AIRPORT-Sitting right on the US/Mexico border, Tijuana Airport has evolved over the years to become a living example of what is possible when people and nations work together"
977:
1198:
491:
In 2020, an additional restroom facility was added to the building and the duty-free area underwent a renovation completed by Delawie Architects and Turner Construction Company.
353:
On the Mexican side of the bridge, ticket counters and kiosks for paying bridge access fees are located within the Tijuana International Airport baggage claim area and Mexican
1569:
1239:
1529:
879:"Council Lifts Building Ban at Brown Field : Airports: Decision probably takes airport on Otay Mesa out of contention as replacement site for crowded Lindbergh Field"
1476:
1440:
1313:
1080:""Mexican and U.S. Officials Inaugurate Cross Border Xpress (CBX) – The Tijuana Airport Terminal – In San Diego", Website of the U.S. Embassy and Consulates in Mexico"
1039:
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649:
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118:
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410:
1184:
985:
1554:
1534:
1063:
773:
695:"Otay Tijuana Venture, LLC Announces Unprecedented Border Crossing Between San Diego and the Tijuana International Airport Breaks Ground"
350:
facility to process passengers arriving from Mexico, car rental counters, taxi stands, shuttle bus services and 900 paid parking spaces.
440:
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632:
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607:
444:
370:
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44:
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walk over the bridge and clear U.S. customs and immigration upon reaching the Otay Mesa terminal before exiting on the U.S. side.
1507:
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1207:
545:
305:
354:
849:
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community that is connected to the airport with a dedicated 120-meter (390 ft) pedestrian bridge that travels over the
754:
1338:
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959:
324:
297:
726:
380:
Image 1: Plans for a cross-border terminal date back to 1989. Here, one from Mexicana de AviaciĂłn and Ralph Nieders, 1990
328:
View of CBX bridge from parking lot on U.S. side, with Tijuana Airport on the left and the CBX U.S. terminal on the right
1544:
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1318:
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111:
1008:
1104:
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1364:
526:
1333:
461:
1234:
903:
Walker, Lynne (October 2, 1993). "Mexico vetoes TwinPorts stunned city officials to cancel Otay building ban".
476:
Incorporated based in Alberta, Canada, was selected as the prime architect and facility designer with the late
346:
On the U.S. side of the bridge is a terminal with ticket counters and kiosks for paying bridge access fees, a
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1259:
419:
369:
For the complete history of the plans and negotiations of the cross-border terminal at Tijuana Airport, see
88:
502:
418:
In 1989, Ralph Nieders, who had been involved in the Freddie Laker discussions, made a formal proposal to
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878:
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1404:
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301:
1419:
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336:
As of 2024, the fee to use the bridge varies by travel season, with one-way prices ranging from
343:. Discounts are available for families, military, commuters and those purchasing a round-trip.
300:
in Mexico. Operational since December 2015, CBX consists of a terminal building located in the
1384:
514:
477:
220:
1359:
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396:
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285:
774:"Pedestrian bridge opens on U.S.-Mexico border that links San Diego and Tijuana airport"
554:
1523:
699:
404:
400:
393:
289:
78:
863:
796:
672:
403:, who had pioneered low-fare commercial transatlantic routes and was the founder of
249:
Turner Construction, Hazard Construction (San Diego), Grumesa S.A. de C. V. (Mexico)
1229:
918:
Millman, Joel (August 1, 2001). "San Diego's Gateway to the World May Be Tijuana".
960:"Construction On Airport Terminal Linking Tijuana To San Diego Is Off The Ground"
1424:
392:
From 1965 until 1987, the concept of a cross-border terminal lay dormant until
727:"$ 120-million bridge lets travelers walk from San Diego to Tijuana's airport"
133:
120:
1389:
1211:
633:"Cross-border airport bridge to open in December", Sandra Dibble, San Diego
293:
1283:
447:(ASA) and was privately promoted by Gilberto Valenzuela and Ralph Nieders.
1016:
28:
650:"Cross Border Xpress Plans $ 10 Million in Improvements as Traffic Grows"
414:
Image 2: Aerocharter-Nieders Tijuana cross-border terminal concept, 1991
1409:
1215:
473:
230:
1156:
409:
375:
323:
1131:"Airport/Transit Best Project - Otay-Tijuana Cross Border Xpress"
797:"San Diego Looks South to Tijuana For New Airport Across Border"
673:"San Diego Looks South to Tijuana For New Airport Across Border"
259:
1180:
755:"Cross-border airport bridge to link Tijuana with San Diego"
850:"BNamericas - Otay Tijuana Venture, LLC (Otay Tijuana Vent"
544:
Plaque at the CBX passenger bridge corridor indicating the
978:"Construction underway on cross-border airport terminal"
1469:
1433:
1347:
1291:
1222:
934:"Holdinmex se desprende de su parte en aeropuertos"
480:of Legorreta+Legorreta as the associate architect.
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149:
110:
102:
94:
84:
74:
69:
21:
1105:"ENR Announces 2016 Global Best Projects Winners"
472:subcontractor was Hazard Construction Company.
456:and operate the Tijuana cross-border terminal.
1157:"Cross Border Xpress Expansion and Renovation"
1477:List of Mexico–United States border crossings
1192:
8:
106:2745 Otay Pacific Drive, San Diego, CA 92173
51:
16:Border crossing between Mexico and the U.S.
1570:Buildings and structures completed in 2015
1199:
1185:
1177:
1137:. ENR (Engineering News-Record) California
18:
532:CBX passenger bridge corridor U.S.-Mexico
484:a single day record of 5,800 passengers.
467:The main contractor for the terminal was
33:Exterior of CBX terminal on the U.S. side
1461:U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
877:Bernstein, Leonard (November 15, 1989).
618:
498:
1292:Buildings and facilities on the border
749:
747:
648:Jennewein, Chris (February 28, 2019).
1530:Mexico–United States border crossings
720:
718:
572:CBX exit from terminal to parking lot
7:
1314:Initial Point of Boundary (monument)
725:Marosi, Richard (December 9, 2015).
628:
626:
624:
622:
596:Tijuana airport CBX passenger bridge
1550:Buildings and structures in Tijuana
818:Hargrove, Dorian (August 7, 2014).
772:Forgione, Mary (December 8, 2015).
1456:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
864:"Requirements Cross Border Xpress"
608:History of the Cross Border Xpress
445:Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares
371:History of the Cross Border Xpress
348:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
14:
1560:2015 establishments in California
206:65,000 square feet (6,000 m)
1282:
1276:
795:Millman, Joel (August 1, 2001).
671:Millman, Joel (August 1, 2001).
589:
577:
565:
553:
537:
525:
513:
501:
441:Grupo Aeroportuario del PacĂfico
233:, Legoretta + Legoretta, Delawie
50:
43:
27:
1111:. ENR (Engineering News-Report)
156:
1487:Mexico–United States relations
435:terminal were then suspended.
59:Location on U.S.–Mexico border
1:
1575:Tijuana International Airport
1565:2015 establishments in Mexico
1339:Tijuana International Airport
1040:"Hazard Construction Company"
984:. 9 June 2014. Archived from
298:Tijuana International Airport
1324:Mexico–United States barrier
1319:Las Americas Premium Outlets
428:
423:
1555:Ricardo Legorreta buildings
1535:Airports in Baja California
1482:Mexico–United States border
1208:Mexico–United States border
1064:"Pedestrian bridge opens",
1007:Donohue, Ken (March 2017).
546:Mexico–United States border
306:United States–Mexico border
1591:
1223:Border crossing facilities
1038:Shaw, Molly; Colby, Eric.
584:Tijuana airport CBX bridge
368:
1495:
1334:San Ysidro Transit Center
1274:
462:Mexican Federal Highway 2
296:in the United States and
270:
258:
193:Otay Tijuana Venture, LLC
38:
26:
22:Cross Border Xpress (CBX)
1044:www.usbuildersreview.com
652:. The Times of San Diego
320:Facilities and operation
1299:Border Field State Park
905:San Diego Union Tribune
759:San Diego Union Tribune
211:Design and construction
1446:Mexico Foreign Affairs
415:
399:victory in Australia.
381:
329:
134:32.54833°N 116.97444°W
1540:Airports in San Diego
1348:Communities and areas
799:. Wall Street Journal
675:. Wall Street Journal
520:CBX terminal entrance
413:
379:
327:
1415:Tijuana Municipality
776:. Los Angeles Tinmes
761:. September 5, 2013.
453:Equity International
420:Mexicana de AviaciĂłn
271:Otay Tijuana Venture
150:Construction started
139:32.54833; -116.97444
1545:Binational airports
1304:Bullring by the Sea
1247:Cross Border Xpress
1019:on 19 February 2017
920:Wall Street Journal
469:Turner Construction
278:Cross Border Xpress
260:Cross Border Xpress
185:Bancomext and Invex
130: /
85:Architectural style
70:General information
61:(San Diego–Tijuana)
1451:Mexico Immigration
1329:Plaza Viva Tijuana
1068:, December 9, 2015
966:. October 8, 2013.
416:
387:Gustavo DĂaz Ordaz
382:
330:
98:U.S.–Mexico border
1517:
1516:
1385:Playas de Tijuana
1240:Old Customs House
1066:Los Angeles Times
940:. 17 January 2006
883:Los Angeles Times
824:San Diego Readers
731:Los Angeles Times
508:CBX building sign
478:Ricardo Legorreta
275:
274:
227:Architecture firm
221:Ricardo Legorreta
198:Technical details
1582:
1395:San Diego County
1360:Downtown Tijuana
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1142:
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1120:
1118:
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1082:. Archived from
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1070:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1015:. Archived from
1013:Airways Magazine
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691:
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639:
637:, August 8, 2015
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557:
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169:December 9, 2015
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31:
19:
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1513:
1491:
1465:
1429:
1375:Otay Centenario
1355:Centro, Tijuana
1343:
1309:Friendship Park
1287:
1281:
1272:
1268: (planned)
1253:Tijuana Airport
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1205:
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1001:
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988:on 13 June 2014
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286:border crossing
246:Main contractor
238:Other designers
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5:
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1441:Mexico Customs
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1370:Imperial Beach
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1266:Otay Mesa East
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830:(32): 2, 3, 36
810:
787:
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703:. 14 July 2014
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292:that connects
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1230:El Chaparral
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216:Architect(s)
1434:Authorities
1161:Delawie.com
1141:18 February
1115:18 February
1023:18 February
982:San Diego 6
888:18 December
834:17 November
803:17 November
780:22 December
736:10 December
679:23 December
355:immigration
166:Inaugurated
137: /
125:116°58′28″W
112:Coordinates
1524:Categories
1420:Zona Norte
1400:San Ysidro
1235:San Ysidro
1166:21 October
1090:2016-11-22
820:"It Hurts"
656:22 October
614:References
266:References
203:Floor area
122:32°32′54″N
89:Postmodern
1405:South Bay
1390:San Diego
1380:Otay Mesa
1260:Otay Mesa
1212:San Diego
1049:6 January
560:CBX patio
302:Otay Mesa
294:San Diego
219:Stantec,
158:Completed
153:June 2014
1501:Category
1425:Zona RĂo
602:See also
341:20 to 30
95:Location
1470:Related
1410:Tijuana
1216:Tijuana
1135:enr.com
1109:enr.com
938:Infobae
495:Gallery
474:Stantec
429:image 2
424:image 1
365:History
359:customs
284:) is a
254:Website
231:Stantec
103:Address
1508:Images
944:3 July
182:Client
190:Owner
1168:2020
1143:2017
1117:2017
1051:2017
1025:2017
994:2014
964:KPBS
946:2015
890:2015
836:2014
805:2014
782:2016
738:2015
709:2014
681:2015
658:2020
357:and
339:US$
308:.
288:and
174:Cost
75:Type
1251:at
1210:at
282:CBX
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