349:. The crowned sifaka is characterized by a creamy white body with tinges of golden brown around the shoulder region, upper chest and back with a dark chocolate or black head with white ear tufts. Their dark grey face is hairless and they have a white tail. Occasionally a pale patch across the bridge of the nose may be present. Crown sifaka color variations occur more commonly in the lower regions of the sifakas range between the Mahavavy and Manombolo rivers. Melanistic forms have been documented, with most occurrences observed where the southern limit of its range overlaps with that of
405:'s range. The total population size in 2014 was estimated as 4,000-36,000 individuals, at densities of 46-309 individuals/km in different-sized forest fragments, with an average group size of 2-8 individuals per group. Estimates remain uncertain since only part of the range has been surveyed so far. Total area of occupancy is thought to be 2,690-4,493 km. Furthermore, while it has been assessed by the IUCN that its population has decreased by at least 80% in the last 3 decades, it is expected to decrease by another 80% in the following 3 decades.
223:
92:
370:
50:
328:, but is now considered a valid species following a 2007 analysis of the cranium. Melanistic individuals observed in the southern part of its range, in areas neighboring Verreaux's sifaka and Von der Decken's sifaka s range, are the results of hybridation of Crowned sifakas with individuals of these two species. Only two melanistic forms have been documented so far: an intermediate and a dark one.
31:
472:
populations are found in protected areas, however much of its range remain relatively unexplored as they are labeled as politically “dangerous” zones. Looking more in depth into these area is of critical need for the long term survival of this species. Conservation measures should be enforced in these area if we want to preserve the color variations of
480:
led to lawlessness across
Madagascar and ultimately led to increased poaching of the sifaka for food as a delicacy in restaurants. However, in order to establish effective conservation measures, a greater participation of locals would be required, along with gaining more knowledge about the species,
471:
and the resulting time-lagged effect. This effect can be described as the postponed impoverishment of a forest fragment conditions and resources essential for the inhabiting populations, after being separated and isolated from the rest of the forest for a certain period of time. Some of the larger
417:
animal, primarily active during the day. It spends a majority of its time resting with the remainder mostly devoted to feeding. It frequents the upper stories of large trees and often is found in tree crowns. Depending on season, it feeds on young or mature leaves, ripe and unripe fruits and great
481:
and a need to focus on ensuring that the rest of available suitable habitats are protected along with an intent to reconnect forest fragments. The first successful captive breeding population of crowned sifaka happened in 1994 and was coordinated by the Paris
Zoological Park in Paris under the
976:
458:
agriculture, capture for illegal pet trade, and illegal hunting constitute major threats. These disruptions, coupled with the slow pace at which the species reproduce, slows even more the regeneration of the species and its habitats. The species is currently listed by the
336:
The crowned sifaka is a medium-sized sifaka who has a total length of 87 to 102 centimeters, of which 47-57 centimeters are tail, and 39.5 - 45.5 cm are the head and body. Males weigh 3.5-4.5 kg and 3.5-5.0 kg for females. It is of comparable size to the
437:
lasting 4 months. Within the typical estrus period a female may have 3-5 estruses per reproductive season. Reproduction in the crowned sifaka has rarely been observed, and what little is known about it has been documented in the captive population at the
418:
quantities of flowers. This species is essential for the biodiversity of its habitat since it is unconsciously and constantly working on restoring it. They do so through the scattering of their excrements containing seeds of various ingested fruits .
296:, a part of the world where nature and its biological diversity faces enormous and devastating consequences resulting from anthropogenic activities. It is a species of lemur belonging to the Indriidae family, it is of comparable size to the
1168:
Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Bailey, Carolyn A.; Brown, Allyshia M.; Tinsman, Jen; Hagenson, Ryan A.; Culligan, Ryan R.; Barela, Adena G.; Randriamanana, Jean C.; Ranaivoarisoa, Jean F.; Zaonarivelo, John R.; Louis, Edward E. (2022).
377:
The crowned sifaka is found in the mangroves and dry deciduous and riparian forests of northwest
Madagascar. Surveys have shown in the northern range of its habitat the crowned sifaka inhabits the forest between the
421:
Group size is between 2 and 8 individuals and contains a balanced number of females and males in each group. One dominant female is found in each group. Social behavior within groups entails mostly
798:
Rakotonirina, Laingoniaina
Herifito Fidèle; Randriantsara, Fetraharimalala; Rakotoarisoa, Andoniaina Harilala; Rakotondrabe, Rado; Razafindramanana, Josia; Ratsimbazafy, Jonah; King, Tony (2014).
1044:
Salomona, Jordi; Rasolondraibe, Emmanuel; Fabien, Jan; Besolo, Aubin; Rakotoarisoa, Heriniaina; Meyler, Sam Viana; Wolhauser, Sebastien; Rabarivola, Clement; Chikhi, Lounes (2014).
1784:
398:. The species hasn't been reported southern than Ambolando, near Dabolava. It is believed that Mania River is the southern limit of its range, where it meets with
977:"Spatio-Temporal Change in Crowned (Propithecus Coronatus) and Decken's Sifaka (Propithecus Deckenii) Habitat in the Mahavavy-Kinkony Wetland Complex, Madagascar"
1799:
353:.This apparent color variation among groups of Crowned sifakas living in the southern edges of their range, which they share with their close relatives
1665:
1691:
1245:
734:
King, Tony; Rakotonirina, Laingoniaina
Herifito Fidèle; Rakotoarisoa, Andoniaina Harilala; Razafindramanana, Josia; Ratsimbazafy, Jonah (2014).
442:. However, it is known that reproduction process is very low for the species, with females having new offsprings only every 2 to 3 years.
1794:
609:
450:
The very restricted range and fragmented populations of the crowned sifaka are major concerns for the continuation of this species.
1406:
800:"A Preliminary Assessment of Sifaka (Propithecus) Distribution, Chromatic Variation and Conservation in Western Central Madagascar"
638:
Broekman, Maarten J. E.; Hilbers, Jelle P.; Schipper, Aafke M.; BenĂtez-LĂłpez, Ana; Santini, Luca; Huijbregts, Mark A. J. (2022).
1717:
1045:
1096:"Feeding Ecology of the Crowned Sifaka (Propithecus Coronatus) in a Coastal Dry Forest in Northwest Madagascar (SUFM, Antrema)"
736:"Distributional Limits and Melanism in the South-West of the Range of the Crowned Sifaka ( Propithecus coronatus ), Madagascar"
312:. Conservation planning needs to take local people needs and views into account in order to be successful over the long term.
477:
1696:
467:
Appendix I. Additionally, the crowned sifaka population is expected to decline by another 32% in the nearby future due to
54:
1238:
476:
and be able to study it more closely to get a better understanding of how these varying fur pigmentations occur. The
1388:
91:
599:
1534:
1094:
Pichon, Claire; Tarnaud, Laurent; Bayart, Francoise; Hiadik, Annette; Hiadik, Claude Marcel; Simmen, Bruno (2010).
342:
325:
1617:
1475:
1631:
516:
Razafindramanana, J.; Salmona, J.; King, T.; Roullet, D.; Eppley, T.M.; Sgarlata, G.M.; Schwitzer, C. (2020).
1361:
1579:
1379:
1231:
482:
266:
212:
875:
Groves, Colin; Helgen, Kristofer (2006-11-01). "Craniodental
Characters in the Taxonomy of Propithecus".
1756:
1493:
1415:
1397:
1343:
1171:"Nuclear and Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of the Sifakas Reveal Cryptic Variation in the Diademed Sifaka"
1129:"Social Behavior and Dominance of the Crowned Sifaka (Propithecus Coronatus) on Northwestern Madagascar"
468:
439:
338:
297:
196:
1652:
1525:
1516:
1370:
1352:
651:
565:
346:
321:
540:
1484:
451:
305:
304:
vertical climber and leaper whose diet consists of leaves, fruits and flowers. It is threatened by
222:
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902:
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86:
1761:
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811:
747:
685:
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659:
535:
255:
1709:
1730:
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1457:
429:, and play as well as scent marking and call-localization. Reproduction is seasonal, with
383:
655:
369:
30:
1205:
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690:
639:
455:
391:
379:
308:
caused by human activities and is currently classified as critically endangered by the
517:
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1704:
1291:
1223:
707:
595:
526:
460:
153:
59:
1002:
956:
906:
833:
769:
300:
and up to a meter in length, of which 47-57 centimeters are tail. The species is an
1644:
1466:
1326:
1154:
1080:
640:"Time-lagged effects of habitat fragmentation on terrestrial mammals in Madagascar"
591:
422:
1046:"Conservation Status and Abundance of the Crowned Sifaka (Propithecus Coronatus)"
862:
The
Newsletter of the Madagascar Section of the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group
361:
is the product of the gene flow of
Crowned Sifakas with its neighboring species.
1722:
1678:
1611:
1127:
Ramanamisata, Rivo; Pichon, Claire; Razafindraibe, Hanta; Simmen, Bruno (2014).
1095:
395:
888:
414:
293:
1602:
1196:
825:
761:
681:
1255:
619:
430:
163:
103:
1214:
931:"The European Captive Population of Crowned Sifaka: 25 Years of Management"
699:
1735:
1187:
386:
and extending south to the region of highly fragmented forests around the
1596:
1273:
1145:
1128:
1064:
993:
947:
930:
816:
799:
752:
735:
672:
301:
123:
1670:
1285:
1072:
663:
463:
as critically endangered according to A2acd criteria, and is listed as
143:
897:
320:
The crowned sifaka was formerly believed to be a subspecies of either
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1626:
1430:
1279:
1267:
434:
289:
173:
133:
113:
1573:
1311:
1302:
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368:
76:
70:
601:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1657:
309:
1577:
1227:
604:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
860:
Razafindramanana, Josia; Rasamimanana, Rija (2010).
1586:
1506:
1447:
1428:
1324:
1300:
975:Andriamasimanana, Rado; Cameron, Alison (2014).
541:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18356A115572495.en
1239:
8:
1785:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1574:
1444:
1246:
1232:
1224:
864:(15 ed.). Lemur News. pp. 23–25.
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48:
29:
20:
1204:
1186:
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992:
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924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
896:
815:
751:
689:
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1120:
1018:Mammals of Madagascar, A Complete Guide
970:
968:
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560:
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493:
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483:European Endangered Species Programme
7:
1800:Taxa named by Alphonse Milne-Edwards
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633:
631:
629:
527:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
1407:Ramanantsoavana's woolly lemur (
90:
478:2009 Malagasy political crisis
263:Propithecus deckenii coronatus
1:
566:"Checklist of CITES Species"
248:Propithecus deckenii damanus
1816:
1389:Peyrieras's woolly lemur (
929:Roullet, Delphine (2014).
1795:Mammals described in 1871
1560:
1262:
1254:Extant species of family
889:10.1007/s10764-007-9226-5
244:
237:
229:
220:
202:
195:
87:Scientific classification
85:
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1476:Milne-Edwards's sifaka (
1380:Sambirano woolly lemur (
598:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
454:, forest fragmentation,
425:of other group members,
413:The crowned sifaka is a
365:Distribution and habitat
1494:Golden-crowned sifaka (
1416:Betsileo woolly lemur (
1398:Southern woolly lemur (
1344:Bemaraha woolly lemur (
433:lasting 5–6 months and
343:Von der Decken's sifaka
326:Von der Decken's sifaka
1371:Western woolly lemur (
1362:Moore's woolly lemur (
1353:Eastern woolly lemur (
1016:Garbutt, Nick (2007).
534:: e.T18356A115572495.
374:
1757:Paleobiology Database
1632:propithecus-coronatus
1618:Propithecus coronatus
1588:Propithecus coronatus
1188:10.3390/genes13061026
520:Propithecus coronatus
469:habitat fragmentation
440:Paris Zoological Park
372:
339:golden-crowned sifaka
298:Golden-crowned sifaka
285:Propithecus coronatus
206:Propithecus coronatus
55:Critically Endangered
1146:10.1896/052.028.0117
1133:Primate Conservation
1065:10.1896/052.028.0122
1053:Primate Conservation
994:10.1896/052.028.0102
981:Primate Conservation
948:10.1896/052.028.0118
935:Primate Conservation
817:10.1896/052.028.0116
804:Primate Conservation
753:10.1896/052.028.0109
740:Primate Conservation
644:Conservation Biology
373:A captive individual
1526:Coquerel's sifaka (
1517:Verreaux's sifaka (
1020:. pp. 197–198.
656:2022ConBi..36E3942B
452:Habitat destruction
306:habitat destruction
292:endemic to western
40:Conservation status
1485:Perrier's sifaka (
1409:A. ramanantsoavani
664:10.1111/cobi.13942
427:agonistic behavior
375:
1772:
1771:
1744:Open Tree of Life
1580:Taxon identifiers
1571:
1570:
1556:
1555:
1535:Decken's sifaka (
1458:Diademed sifaka (
1441:
1337:
388:Tsiribihina River
347:Verreaux's sifaka
322:Verreaux's sifaka
276:
275:
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232:P. coronatus
188:P. coronatus
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16:Species of mammal
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1544:Crowned sifaka (
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883:(6): 1363–1383.
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267:A. Milne-Edwards
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230:Distribution of
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1731:Observation.org
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1572:
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1502:
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1400:A. meridionalis
1373:A. occidentalis
1334:(woolly lemurs)
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24:Crowned sifaka
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1496:P. tattersalli
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380:Mahavavy River
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1391:A. peyrierasi
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1546:P. coronatus
1545:
1543:
1536:
1528:P. coquereli
1527:
1519:P. verreauxi
1518:
1508:P. verreauxi
1507:
1495:
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1477:
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1364:A. mooreorum
1363:
1354:
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1292:Strepsirhini
1178:
1174:
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1108:. Retrieved
1103:
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574:. Retrieved
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545:. Retrieved
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474:P. coronatus
473:
449:
446:Conservation
423:allogrooming
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359:P. verrauxi,
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18:
1679:iNaturalist
1612:Wikispecies
1537:P. deckenii
1487:P. perrieri
1478:P. edwardsi
1469:P. candidus
1431:Propithecus
1418:A. betsileo
1382:A. unicolor
1181:(6): 1026.
1073:10400.7/563
572:. UNEP-WCMC
547:19 November
396:Mania River
355:P. deckenii
351:P. deckenii
332:Description
175:Propithecus
1779:Categories
1460:P. diadema
1449:P. diadema
1355:A. laniger
1346:A. cleesei
1290:Suborder:
1110:2016-03-09
1100:Lemur News
941:: 99–107.
898:1885/35492
489:References
294:Madagascar
150:Suborder:
73:Appendix I
1438:(sifakas)
1266:Kingdom:
1256:Indriidae
1197:2073-4425
1139:: 93–97.
1059:: 73–83.
987:: 65–71.
826:0898-6207
810:: 43–53.
762:0898-6207
746:: 55–64.
708:248988161
682:0888-8892
431:gestation
182:Species:
164:Indriidae
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
1597:Wikidata
1564:Category
1314:I. indri
1286:Primates
1280:Mammalia
1274:Chordata
1272:Phylum:
1268:Animalia
1215:35741788
1003:18414051
957:86664254
907:22899861
834:17107061
770:17070760
700:35603483
620:62265494
594:(2005).
576:18 March
403:verrauxi
316:Taxonomy
302:arboreal
256:Schlegel
239:Synonyms
160:Family:
144:Primates
134:Mammalia
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1790:Sifakas
1723:1000984
1671:5786024
1658:4454289
1603:Q179384
1312:Indri (
1284:Order:
1278:Class:
1206:9223071
1155:1470012
1106:: 43–47
1081:2868626
691:9826438
652:Bibcode
485:(EEP).
415:diurnal
409:Ecology
288:) is a
170:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
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1749:729851
1736:206857
1697:944089
1627:ARKive
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290:sifaka
269:, 1871
258:, 1876
254:&
252:Pollen
215:, 1871
1710:18356
1684:74960
1645:789S9
1510:group
1451:group
1327:Avahi
1303:Indri
1175:Genes
1151:S2CID
1077:S2CID
1049:(PDF)
999:S2CID
953:S2CID
903:S2CID
830:S2CID
766:S2CID
704:S2CID
570:CITES
465:CITES
77:CITES
71:CITES
1705:IUCN
1692:ITIS
1666:GBIF
1211:PMID
1193:ISSN
822:ISSN
758:ISSN
696:PMID
678:ISSN
616:OCLC
606:ISBN
578:2015
549:2021
532:2020
382:and
357:and
345:and
310:IUCN
278:The
1718:MDD
1653:EoL
1640:CoL
1201:PMC
1183:doi
1141:doi
1069:hdl
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989:doi
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