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The visible radius of
Dwingeloo 1 is approximately 4.2', which at the distance of 3 Mpc corresponds to about 4 kpc. The neutral hydrogen is detected as far as 6 kpc (7.5') from the center. The total mass of the galaxy is about 1/4 that of the Milky Way out to the measured distance of
363:
that begin at the ends of the bar at nearly right angles and wind counterclockwise. The length of the arms is up to 180°. The disk of the galaxy is inclined with respect to the observer, with the inclination angle being 50°. The galaxy recedes from the Milky Way at a speed of about 256 km/s.
323:
In 1999 another estimate was published, claiming a distance of more than 5 Mpc. It was based on the infrared Tully–Fisher relation. As of 2011, the distance to
Dwingeloo 1 is thought to be approximately 3 Mpc, based on its likely membership in the IC 342/Maffei group.
371:
The distribution of the neutral hydrogen in
Dwingeloo 1 is typical for barred spiral galaxies—it is rather flat with a minimum in the center or along the bar. The total mass of the neutral hydrogen is estimated at 370–450 million
637:
Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Loan, A. J.; Burton, W. B.; Lahav, O.; Ferguson, H. C.; Henning, P. A.; Lynden-Bell, D. (1994). "Discovery of a nearby spiral galaxy behind the Milky Way".
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Dwingeloo 1 is a highly obscured galaxy, which makes distance determination a difficult problem. The initial estimate, made soon after the discovery and based on the
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plates earlier in the same year, but was not recognized as such. It was also independently discovered a few weeks later by another team of astronomers working with
1949:
478:
Burton, W.B.; Verheijen, M. A. W.; Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Henning, P. A. (1996). "Neutral hydrogen in the nearby galaxies
Dwingeloo 1 and Dwingeloo 2".
683:
Huchtmeier, W.K.; Lercher, G.; Seeberger, R.; Saurer, W.; Weinberger, R. (1995). "Two new possible members of the IC342-Maffei1/2 group of galaxies".
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762:; Rieke, M. J.; McCarthy, D. (1999). "An Infrared Determination of the Reddening and Distance to Dwingeloo 1".
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The
Dwingeloo 1 galaxy was discovered in 1994 by the Dwingeloo Obscured Galaxy Survey (DOGS) using the
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717:"Optical observations of Dwingeloo 1, a nearby barred spiral galaxy behind the Milky Way"
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does not exceed 10% of that of neutral hydrogen. Optical observations detected around 15
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520:
Karachentsev, I. D. (2005). "The Local Group and Other
Neighboring Galaxy Groups".
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16:
Heavily obscured barred spiral galaxy in the constellation
Cassiopeia
817:"CO Observations of a Galaxy behind the Galactic Plane, Dwingeloo 1"
376:. Dwingeloo 1 is a molecular gas-poor galaxy. The total mass of the
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The galaxy was, however, first noted as an unremarkable feature on
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243:. The size and mass of Dwingeloo 1 are comparable to those of
815:
Kuno, Nario; Vila-Vilaro, Baltasar; Nishiyama, Kohta (1996).
715:
Loan, A.J.; Maddox, S. J.; Lahav, O.; et al. (1996).
387:
In its overall size and mass, the galaxy is comparable to
286:
galaxy block the light from the galaxies lying behind it.
308:
that was used in the DOGS survey and first detected it.
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After the discovery
Dwingeloo 1 was classified as a
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877:Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (9 January 2000).
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821:Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
722:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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282:. In this zone gas and dust in the disk of the
914:
870:Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg
368:6 kpc or about 31 billion Solar masses.
8:
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579:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
300:Dwingeloo 1 was eventually named after the
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359:. It has a central bar and two distinct
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1945:Astronomical objects discovered in 1994
426:
384:situated mainly along the spiral arms.
83:+58° 54′ 42″
18:
440:
438:
436:
434:
432:
430:
7:
1950:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects
573:Buta, R. J.; McCall, M. L. (1999).
575:"The IC 342/Maffei Group Revealed"
446:"NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database"
14:
1901:
1900:
295:Effelsberg 100-m Radio Telescope
946:Cassiopeia in Chinese astronomy
239:and is heavily obscured by the
1:
312:Distance and group membership
36:infrared image of Dwingeloo 1
884:Astronomy Picture of the Day
879:"Galaxy Dwingeloo 1 Emerges"
327:Dwingeloo 1 has two smaller
250:Dwingeloo 1 has two smaller
228:away from the Earth, in the
99:Heliocentric radial velocity
941:List of stars in Cassiopeia
930:Constellation of Cassiopeia
276:Dwingeloo Radio Observatory
1966:
1935:Cassiopeia (constellation)
685:Astronomy and Astrophysics
480:Astronomy and Astrophysics
1898:
1867:
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262:– and is a member of the
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26:
764:The Astronomical Journal
522:The Astronomical Journal
744:10.1093/mnras/280.2.537
697:1995A&A...293L..33H
502:1996A&A...309..687B
450:Results for Dwingeloo 1
345:dwarf spheroidal galaxy
111:Galactocentric velocity
1925:Barred spiral galaxies
318:Tully–Fisher relation
842:10.1093/pasj/48.1.19
357:barred spiral galaxy
222:barred spiral galaxy
1930:IC 342/Maffei Group
1873:Astronomical events
833:1996PASJ...48...19K
786:1999AJ....118..826I
735:1996MNRAS.280..537L
651:1994Natur.372...77K
591:1999ApJS..124...33B
544:2005AJ....129..178K
302:25m radio telescope
264:IC 342/Maffei Group
760:Alonso-Herrero, A.
378:molecular hydrogen
339:, and the second,
329:satellite galaxies
291:Palomar Sky Survey
252:satellite galaxies
235:. It lies in the
211:LEDA 100170, CAS 2
206:Other designations
157:Apparent magnitude
42:Observation data (
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389:Triangulum Galaxy
331:. The first one,
280:Zone of Avoidance
245:Triangulum Galaxy
237:Zone of Avoidance
224:about 10 million
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1750:LBN 114.55+00.22
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1375:17156 (Nushagak)
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337:irregular galaxy
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758:Ivanov, V. D.;
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170:Characteristics
103:110.3 ± 0.4 km/
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853:External links
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729:(2): 537–549.
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1940:LEDA objects
1829:
1760:Westerhout 5
1730:Heart Nebula
1725:Cassiopeia A
1426:LS I +61 303
895:
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863:
860:"NAME Cas 2"
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645:(6501): 77.
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585:(1): 33–93.
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453:. Retrieved
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382:H II regions
374:Solar masses
370:
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217:
216:
1886:SN 1572 (B)
1835:Dwingeloo 2
1830:Dwingeloo 1
1553:Messier 103
1522:HD 240237 b
1517:HD 240210 b
1487:HD 219134 b
1073:υ (Castula)
988:δ (Ruchbah)
973:α (Schedar)
691:: L33–L36.
486:: 687–701.
401:Dwingeloo 2
361:spiral arms
333:Dwingeloo 2
306:Netherlands
256:Dwingeloo 2
226:light-years
218:Dwingeloo 1
79:Declination
22:Dwingeloo 1
1919:Categories
1668:Trumpler 3
1548:Messier 52
1482:HD 17156 b
1469:Exoplanets
1441:4U 0142+61
1411:BD+60°2522
1008:θ (Marfak)
1003:η (Achird)
770:(2): 826.
455:2006-11-21
422:References
351:Properties
233:Cassiopeia
72:02 56 51.9
60:Cassiopeia
1477:HD 7924 b
1416:Gliese 49
1103:Flamsteed
993:ε (Segin)
827:: 19–22.
609:119907629
560:119385141
284:Milky Way
270:Discovery
241:Milky Way
131:(~3
1906:Category
1855:Maffei 2
1850:Maffei 1
1774:Galaxies
1755:Sh 2-185
1663:NGC 7790
1658:NGC 7789
1653:NGC 1027
1181:Variable
998:ζ (Fulu)
978:β (Caph)
802:15619332
411:Maffei 2
406:Maffei 1
395:See also
335:, is an
120:Distance
114:257 km/s
93:0.000368
89:Redshift
1881:SN 1181
1740:IC 1805
1682:Nebulae
1648:NGC 663
1643:NGC 659
1638:NGC 654
1633:NGC 637
1628:NGC 559
1623:NGC 457
1618:NGC 436
1613:NGC 433
1608:NGC 381
1603:NGC 366
1598:NGC 358
1593:NGC 225
1588:NGC 189
1583:NGC 146
1578:NGC 136
1573:NGC 133
1568:NGC 129
1563:NGC 110
1558:NGC 103
1436:Tycho G
1209:YZ (21)
829:Bibcode
782:Bibcode
731:Bibcode
693:Bibcode
667:4242688
647:Bibcode
587:Bibcode
540:Bibcode
498:Bibcode
304:in the
180:SB(s)cd
145:cluster
1745:KjPn 8
1735:IC 289
1395:240430
1390:240429
1385:240237
1380:240210
1156:48 (A)
865:SIMBAD
800:
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639:Nature
607:
558:
416:IC 342
198:× 0.34
188:
159:
1845:IC 10
1825:3C 35
1820:3C 20
1808:Other
1720:3C 58
1713:Other
1502:e (h)
1404:Other
1370:15558
1279:V1405
1274:V1022
965:Bayer
956:Stars
798:S2CID
772:arXiv
663:S2CID
605:S2CID
556:S2CID
530:arXiv
488:arXiv
220:is a
141:Group
47:epoch
44:J2000
1840:MB 3
1704:7635
1451:WR 3
1446:WR 2
1365:7977
1360:7924
1342:8881
1337:8853
1332:8832
1269:V987
1264:V773
1259:V863
1254:V762
1249:V705
1244:V669
1239:V547
1234:V509
1229:V373
889:NASA
689:293L
341:MB 3
260:MB 3
258:and
176:Type
34:WISE
1799:278
1794:185
1789:147
1782:NGC
1699:281
1691:NGC
1327:932
1322:743
1317:297
1312:273
1307:244
1302:196
1297:144
837:doi
790:doi
768:118
739:doi
727:280
655:doi
643:372
595:doi
583:124
548:doi
526:129
484:309
194:4.2
190:(V)
161:(V)
143:or
133:Mpc
129:Mly
1921::
1352:HD
1289:HR
1224:PZ
1219:AR
1214:AO
1204:WZ
1199:TZ
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1161:49
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124:~
1512:g
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1194:S
1189:R
1131:9
1126:6
1121:4
1116:2
1111:1
1093:ω
1088:ψ
1083:χ
1078:φ
1068:υ
1063:τ
1058:σ
1053:ρ
1048:π
1043:ο
1038:ξ
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1023:λ
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