2605:
1831:
1913:
1897:
1536:
1881:
1548:
2366:, have 200 pins, which is the same number of pins as DDR2 SO-DIMMs. These two specifications are notched very similarly and care must be taken during insertion if unsure of a correct match. Most DDR SDRAM operates at a voltage of 2.5 V, compared to 3.3 V for SDRAM. This can significantly reduce power consumption. Chips and modules with the DDR-400/PC-3200 standard have a nominal voltage of 2.6 V.
1905:
1889:
2728:"This comprehensive standard defines all required aspects of 64Mb through 1Gb DDR SDRAMs with X4/X8/X16 data interfaces, including features, functionality, ac and dc parametrics, packages and pin assignments. This scope will subsequently be expanded to formally apply to x32 devices, and higher density devices as well."
2775:
Memory manufacturers stated that it was impractical to mass produce DDR1 memory with effective transfer rates in excess of 400 MHz (i.e. 400 MT/s and 200 MHz external clock) due to internal speed limitations. DDR2 picks up where DDR1 leaves off, utilizing internal clock rates similar
2771:
DDR's prefetch buffer depth is 2 (bits), while DDR2 uses 4. Although the effective clock rates of DDR2 are higher than DDR, the overall performance was not greater in the early implementations, primarily due to the high latencies of the first DDR2 modules. DDR2 started to be effective by the end of
2740:
1 GB PC3200 non-ECC modules are usually made with 16 512 Mbit chips, 8 on each side (512 Mbits × 16 chips) / (8 bits (per byte)) = 1,024 MB. The individual chips making up a 1 GB memory module are usually organized as 2 8-bit words, commonly expressed as 64M×8. Memory
2496:
DDR memory bus width per channel is 64 bits (72 for ECC memory). Total module bit width is a product of bits per chip and number of chips. It also equals number of ranks (rows) multiplied by DDR memory bus width. Consequently, a module with a greater number of chips or using ×8 chips instead of ×4
2369:
JEDEC Standard No. 21–C defines three possible operating voltages for 184 pin DDR, as identified by the key notch position relative to its centreline. Page 4.5.10-7 defines 2.5V (left), 1.8V (centre), TBD (right), while page 4.20.5–40 nominates 3.3V for the right notch position. The orientation of
2591:
This example compares different real-world server memory modules with a common size of 1 GB. One should definitely be careful buying 1 GB memory modules, because all these variations can be sold under one price position without stating whether they are ×4 or ×8, single- or dual-ranked.
2595:
There is a common belief that number of module ranks equals number of sides. As above data shows, this is not true. One can also find 2-side/1-rank modules. One can even think of a 1-side/2-rank memory module having 16(18) chips on single side ×8 each, but it is unlikely such a module was ever
2331:
as JESD79F. All RAM data rates in-between or above these listed specifications are not standardized by JEDEC – often they are simply manufacturer optimizations using tighter tolerances or overvolted chips. The package sizes in which DDR SDRAM is manufactured are also standardized by JEDEC.
2802:
was a particularly expensive alternative to DDR SDRAM, and most manufacturers dropped its support from their chipsets. DDR1 memory's prices substantially increased from Q2 2008, while DDR2 prices declined. In
January 2009, 1 GB DDR1 was 2–3 times more expensive than 1 GB DDR2.
1871:
in June 2000 (JESD79). JEDEC has set standards for the data rates of DDR SDRAM, divided into two parts. The first specification is for memory chips, and the second is for memory modules. The first retail PC motherboard using DDR SDRAM was released in August 2000.
1817:
at a time, DDR SDRAM gives a transfer rate (in bytes/s) of (memory bus clock rate) × 2 (for dual rate) × 64 (number of bits transferred) / 8 (number of bits/byte). Thus, with a bus frequency of 100 MHz, DDR SDRAM gives a maximum transfer rate of
2779:
The DDR4 SDRAM is a high-speed dynamic random-access memory internally configured as 16 banks, 4 bank groups with 4 banks for each bank group for ×4/×8 and 8 banks, 2 bank groups with 4 banks for each bank group for ×16 DRAM. The DDR4 SDRAM uses an
2736:
PC3200 is DDR SDRAM designed to operate at 200 MHz using DDR-400 chips with a bandwidth of 3,200 MB/s. Because PC3200 memory transfers data on both the rising and falling clock edges, its effective clock rate is 400 MHz.
2776:
to DDR1, but is available at effective transfer rates of 400 MHz and higher. DDR3 advances extended the ability to preserve internal clock rates while providing higher effective transfer rates by again doubling the prefetch depth.
4564:
Kalter, H. L.; Stapper, C. H.; Barth, J. E.; Dilorenzo, J.; Drake, C. E.; Fifield, J. A.; Kelley, G. A.; Lewis, S. C.; van der Hoeven, W. B.; Jankosky, J. A. (1990). "A 50-ns 16-Mb DRAM with a 10-ns data rate and on-chip ECC".
1929:
To increase memory capacity and bandwidth, chips are combined on a module. For instance, the 64-bit data bus for DIMM requires eight 8-bit chips, addressed in parallel. Multiple chips with common address lines are called a
2362:, have 184 pins (as opposed to 168 pins on SDRAM, or 240 pins on DDR2 SDRAM), and can be differentiated from SDRAM DIMMs by the number of notches (DDR SDRAM has one, SDRAM has two). DDR SDRAM for notebook computers,
2492:
because they use 1 bit per byte (8 bits) for error correction. A module of any particular size can therefore be assembled either from 32 small chips (36 for ECC memory), or 16(18) or 8(9) bigger ones.
2475:
of 1–3 W per 512 MB module; this increases with clock rate and when in use rather than idling. A manufacturer has produced calculators to estimate the power used by various types of RAM.
1806:
requirements on the circuit board connecting the memory to the controller. The name "double data rate" refers to the fact that a DDR SDRAM with a certain clock frequency achieves nearly twice the
2788:
prefetch architecture is combined with an interface designed to transfer two data words per clock cycle at the I/O pins. A single read or write operation for the DDR4 SDRAM consists of a single 8
2335:
There is no architectural difference between DDR SDRAM modules. Modules are instead designed to run at different clock frequencies: for example, a PC-1600 module is designed to run at
4757:
1946:
would also be confusing because it incorrectly suggests the physical placement of chips on the module. All ranks are connected to the same memory bus (address + data). The
2373:
Increasing the operating voltage slightly can increase maximum speed but at the cost of higher power dissipation and heating, and at the risk of malfunctioning or damage.
1786:
makes higher transfer rates possible through more strict control of the timing of the electrical data and clock signals. Implementations often have to use schemes such as
2702:
chips are mainly used in desktops/notebooks but are making an entry into the server market. There are normally 4 banks and only one row can be active in each bank.
1953:
Adding modules to the single memory bus creates additional electrical load on its drivers. To mitigate the resulting bus signaling rate drop and overcome the
2604:
1830:
4441:
2753:, which had modifications for a higher clock frequency and again doubled throughput, but operates on the same principle as DDR. Competing with DDR2 was
5160:
4924:
4916:
1779:
1732:
1582:
622:
617:
2711:
From Ballot JCB-99-70, and modified by numerous other Board
Ballots, formulated under the cognizance of Committee JC-42.3 on DRAM Parametrics.
1511:
1052:
4824:
4632:
1802:
bandwidth without a corresponding increase in clock frequency. One advantage of keeping the clock frequency low is that it reduces the
213:
4765:
4548:
1000:
943:
263:
4646:
2370:
the module for determining the key notch position is with 52 contact positions to the left and 40 contact positions to the right.
5201:
111:
2343:. A module's clock speed designates the data rate at which it is guaranteed to perform, hence it is guaranteed to run at lower (
4702:
4600:
1326:
986:
930:
4877:
2741:
manufactured in this way is low-density RAM and is usually compatible with any motherboard specifying PC3200 DDR-400 memory.
2402:
1012:
681:
493:
4500:
1361:
2768:, which was first produced in 2011 and whose standards were still in flux (2012) with significant architectural changes.
5026:
4886:
2406:
712:
637:
607:
508:
4741:
5165:
4390:
669:
1504:
1301:
1200:
1072:
702:
691:
1783:
498:
393:
5196:
2609:
1954:
1373:
1356:
845:
131:
4674:
Cycle time is the inverse of the I/O bus clock frequency; e.g., 1/(100 MHz) = 10 ns per clock cycle.
2482:
Total module capacity is a product of one chip's capacity and the number of chips. ECC modules multiply it by
4516:
2648:
only for registered modules designed specifically for servers, but some generic manufacturers do not comply.
1912:
1368:
1185:
908:
313:
148:
126:
106:
59:
4395:
2764:, which offered higher performance for increased bus speeds and new features. DDR3 has been superseded by
1764:
1241:
458:
328:
268:
2395:) of the module. The maximal number of chips per DDR module is 36 (9×4) for ECC and 32 (8x4) for non-ECC.
4978:
4470:
2883:
2384:
2056:
1807:
1760:
1497:
744:
662:
448:
258:
253:
233:
223:
89:
79:
44:
5155:
5139:
4574:
4363:
2872:
2047:
1440:
1308:
1087:
1047:
970:
583:
488:
378:
273:
136:
116:
99:
94:
4798:
1896:
4379:
1860:
1346:
1037:
975:
960:
827:
779:
632:
443:
141:
5010:
4870:
2472:
1736:
1446:
1411:
1057:
483:
468:
413:
408:
398:
373:
298:
4821:
2471:
A test with DDR and DDR2 RAM in 2005 found that average power consumption appeared to be of the
1535:
4544:
2448:
2444:
1880:
1846:
RAM and presented their results at the
International Solid-State Circuits Convention in 1990.
1787:
1123:
1118:
1042:
1007:
861:
839:
738:
697:
600:
590:
438:
163:
4703:"What is the difference between PC-2100 (DDR-266), PC-2700 (DDR-333), and PC-3200 (DDR-400)?"
5170:
4582:
2820:
2687:
1977:
1843:
1803:
1791:
1728:
1458:
1452:
1378:
1341:
1331:
1296:
1108:
1062:
1030:
805:
800:
788:
473:
433:
193:
178:
74:
64:
4962:
4828:
4745:
4517:"Memory Interfaces Data Capture Using Direct Clocking Technique (Xilinx application note)"
4504:
2860:
2825:
1982:
1351:
1178:
1165:
856:
851:
707:
574:
528:
388:
308:
238:
208:
183:
69:
40:
4684:
553:
4578:
5191:
4654:
4415:
1987:
1470:
1388:
1261:
1231:
888:
750:
686:
558:
543:
523:
518:
463:
428:
383:
333:
323:
318:
303:
198:
188:
121:
4855:
4726:
5185:
5116:
5031:
4863:
4706:
2345:
1768:
1476:
1103:
1098:
1067:
822:
732:
548:
538:
533:
513:
348:
338:
218:
203:
4610:
4366:. Through techniques including reduced voltage supply and advanced refresh options,
4785:
4355:
2351:
1962:
1795:
1547:
1423:
1417:
1383:
1251:
1206:
1190:
1082:
878:
873:
833:
795:
478:
453:
353:
288:
243:
228:
4538:
2760:. DDR2 dominated due to cost and support factors. DDR2 was in turn superseded by
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
2419:
2081:
1947:
1931:
1904:
1810:
of a SDR SDRAM running at the same clock frequency, due to this double pumping.
1772:
1482:
1434:
868:
563:
403:
343:
248:
4497:
1790:
and self-calibration to reach the required timing accuracy. The interface uses
5046:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4384:
4367:
4351:
4032:
3665:
3330:
3063:
2848:
2792:-bit-wide 4-clock data transfer at the internal DRAM core and 8 corresponding
2765:
2761:
2750:
2033:
2016:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1595:
1077:
903:
657:
423:
418:
293:
158:
84:
31:
2501:
Example: Variations of 1 GB PC2100 registered DDR SDRAM module with ECC
5106:
4738:
2902:
1464:
1429:
1266:
1195:
1093:
964:
955:
595:
363:
283:
1743:. DDR SDRAM, also retroactively called DDR1 SDRAM, has been superseded by
17:
5101:
4906:
4901:
4605:
4475:
4359:
2757:
2683:
2621:
1958:
1864:
1799:
1740:
1393:
1336:
1271:
1226:
1211:
981:
950:
923:
898:
756:
642:
368:
278:
173:
168:
2387:
modules and a multiple of 9 for ECC modules. Chips can occupy one side (
1888:
5134:
4998:
4445:
4354:
SDRAM, a type of memory used in some portable electronic devices, like
2895:
2830:
2462:
2363:
1992:
1917:
1856:
1849:
1676:
1564:
1291:
1281:
1276:
1236:
1138:
1133:
1113:
918:
893:
883:
674:
5088:
4973:
2754:
2624:. Most motherboards recognize only 1 GB modules if they contain
1286:
1246:
1128:
1017:
815:
358:
4586:
5096:
5041:
5036:
5003:
4988:
4968:
4956:
4345:
2799:
2641:
2640:) 1 GB modules are used, they most likely will not work. The
2603:
2328:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1868:
1829:
1569:
1221:
1158:
1153:
1148:
810:
767:
761:
647:
627:
612:
1552:
Front and back of a 1GB DDR-400 RAM module for desktop PCs (DIMM)
5129:
5124:
4993:
4983:
2890:
2877:
2458:
2359:
2062:
1998:
1934:. The term was introduced to avoid confusion with chip internal
1819:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1216:
503:
153:
4859:
2682:
chips allow the use of advanced error correction features like
1794:(transferring data on both the rising and falling edges of the
4442:"Samsung Electronics Comes Out with Super-Fast 16M DDR SGRAMs"
4416:"Samsung 30 nm Green PC3-12800 Low Profile 1.35 V DDR3 Review"
2022:
1839:
1814:
1256:
1143:
913:
2784:
prefetch architecture to achieve high-speed operation. The 8
2658:
means that the memory matrix has 64 million (the product of
4471:"Samsung Demonstrates World's First DDR 3 Memory Prototype"
2796:-bit-wide half-clock-cycle data transfers at the I/O pins.
1867:) the same year. DDR SDRAM specification was finalized by
1721:
Double Data Rate
Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory
1528:
Double Data Rate
Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory
4840:
2772:
2004, as modules with lower latencies became available.
1942:. A memory module may bear more than one rank. The term
4633:"The Love/Hate Relationship with DDR SDRAM Controllers"
2479:
Module and chip characteristics are inherently linked.
30:
This article is about DDR SDRAM. For graphics DDR, see
4788:
DOUBLE DATA RATE (DDR) SDRAM SPECIFICATION (Release F)
1916:
Comparison of memory modules for portable/mobile PCs (
2409:. Modules without error correcting code are labeled
5148:
5115:
5087:
5019:
4915:
4894:
1950:signal is used to issue commands to specific rank.
1767:with DDR1 SDRAM, meaning DDR2, DDR3, DDR4 and DDR5
1675:
1670:
1619:
1588:
1578:
1557:
4350:MDDR is an acronym that some enterprises use for
2690:and Intel SDDC in server environments, while the
4786:http://www.jedec.org/download/search/JESD79F.pdf
2355:) clock rates than those for which it was made.
1852:released the first commercial DDR SDRAM chip (64
1540:Comparison of DDR modules for desktop PCs (DIMM)
4685:"DOUBLE DATA RATE (DDR) SDRAM STANDARD - JEDEC"
2724:Release C, March 2003 – JEDEC Standard No. 79C.
2383:The number of chips is a multiple of 8 for non-
4871:
1505:
8:
4758:"Low Density vs High Density memory modules"
4727:Mike Chin: Power Distribution within Six PCs
1524:
4878:
4864:
4856:
4537:Jacob, B.; Ng, S. W.; Wang, D. T. (2008).
2805:
2707:Double data rate (DDR) SDRAM specification
2499:
1900:Corsair DDR-400 memory with heat spreaders
1546:
1534:
1512:
1498:
36:
2358:DDR SDRAM modules for desktop computers,
2327:All items listed above are specified by
1967:
1733:synchronous dynamic random-access memory
1583:Synchronous dynamic random-access memory
4407:
1859:) in June 1998, followed soon after by
778:
573:
39:
4465:
4463:
4370:can achieve greater power efficiency.
2339:, and a PC-2100 is designed to run at
1523:
4647:"Iwill Reveals First DDR Motherboard"
3664:
3329:
3062:
2910:
2836:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2811:
2670:) 4-bit storage locations. There are
2612:of a Samsung DDR-SDRAM 64MBit package
2265:
2188:
2123:
2091:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1834:A Samsung DDR SDRAM 64 Mbit chip
1053:Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus
7:
4567:IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
2807:Comparison of DDR SDRAM generations
4705:. Micron Technology. Archived from
2698:chips are somewhat less expensive.
2360:dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs)
2349:) and can possibly run at higher (
1969:Comparison of DDR SDRAM standards
214:Data validation and reconciliation
25:
4540:Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk
4498:Northwest Logic DDR Phy datasheet
4387:, a type of computer data storage
1842:invented DDR SDRAM, they built a
264:Distributed file system for cloud
4739:Micron: System Power Calculators
4543:. Morgan Kaufmann. p. 333.
2620:Size of the chip is measured in
1884:Single generic DDR memory module
112:Areal density (computer storage)
4841:"DDR4 SDRAM Standard JESD79-4B"
1813:With data being transferred 64
1771:will not work on DDR1-equipped
931:Programmable metallization cell
2714:Standard No. 79 Revision Log:
1778:Compared to single data rate (
494:Persistence (computer science)
1:
4799:"Per bytes RAM memory access"
2749:DDR (DDR1) was superseded by
1759:. None of its successors are
1362:Electronic quantum holography
4887:Dynamic random-access memory
4822:DDR2 vs. DDR: Revenge Gained
2430:), refresh row cycle time (t
713:Video RAM (dual-ported DRAM)
509:Non-RAID drive architectures
4391:List of interface bit rates
1631:; 26 years ago
5218:
4343:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4048:
4039:
4031:
1302:Holographic Versatile Disc
1201:Compact Disc Digital Audio
1073:Magnetic-tape data storage
692:Content-addressable memory
29:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3681:
3672:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3346:
3337:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3079:
3070:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2925:
2916:
2901:
2894:
2889:
2882:
2871:
2866:
2859:
2854:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2422:(CL), clock cycle time (t
2295:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2118:
2080:
2068:
2055:
2046:
2039:
2028:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
1545:
1533:
499:Persistent data structure
394:Digital rights management
1735:(SDRAM) class of memory
1374:DNA digital data storage
1357:Holographic data storage
846:Solid-state hybrid drive
132:Network-attached storage
5202:South Korean inventions
1782:) SDRAM, the DDR SDRAM
1369:5D optical data storage
1186:3D optical data storage
909:Universal Flash Storage
314:Replication (computing)
259:Distributed file system
149:Single-instance storage
127:Direct-attached storage
107:Continuous availability
27:Type of computer memory
4396:Serial presence detect
2613:
2497:will have more ranks.
2380:Number of DRAM devices
1921:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1835:
1242:Nintendo optical discs
459:Storage virtualization
329:Information repository
269:Distributed data store
4364:digital audio players
2607:
2434:), row active time (t
2403:error-correcting code
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1833:
745:Mellon optical memory
733:Williams–Kilburn tube
449:Locality of reference
254:Clustered file system
80:Memory access pattern
45:computer data storage
2718:Release 1, June 2000
2600:Chip characteristics
2426:), row cycle time (t
1441:Magnetic-core memory
1088:Digital Data Storage
1048:Quadruplex videotape
489:In-memory processing
379:Information transfer
274:Distributed database
137:Storage area network
117:Block (data storage)
4579:1990IJSSC..25.1118K
4448:. 17 September 1998
4380:Fully Buffered DIMM
2808:
2721:Release 2, May 2002
2502:
1970:
1908:Physical DDR layout
1861:Hyundai Electronics
1765:backward compatible
1737:integrated circuits
1530:
1038:Phonograph cylinder
976:Electrochemical RAM
828:Solid-state storage
444:Memory segmentation
142:Block-level storage
5011:Hybrid Memory Cube
4827:2006-11-21 at the
4744:2016-01-26 at the
4613:on 5 February 2021
4503:2008-08-21 at the
4479:. 17 February 2005
2806:
2654:The notation like
2614:
2500:
2401:Modules that have
1968:
1922:
1910:
1902:
1894:
1892:Four DDR RAM slots
1886:
1844:dual-edge clocking
1838:In the late 1980s
1836:
1788:phase-locked loops
1775:, and vice versa.
1447:Plated-wire memory
1412:Paper data storage
1058:Magnetic recording
484:In-memory database
469:Memory-mapped file
414:Volume boot record
409:Master boot record
399:Volume (computing)
374:Data communication
299:Data deduplication
5179:
5178:
4337:
4336:
2589:
2588:
2468:Power consumption
2447:(or buffered) vs
2391:) or both sides (
2322:
2321:
2066:
1955:memory bottleneck
1718:
1717:
1522:
1521:
1119:8 mm video format
1043:Phonograph record
862:Flash Core Module
840:Solid-state drive
739:Delay-line memory
698:Computational RAM
601:Scratchpad memory
439:Disk partitioning
164:Unstructured data
90:Secondary storage
16:(Redirected from
5209:
5171:Transistor count
4880:
4873:
4866:
4857:
4845:
4844:
4837:
4831:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4795:
4789:
4783:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4764:. Archived from
4754:
4748:
4736:
4730:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4681:
4675:
4672:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4653:. Archived from
4643:
4637:
4636:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4609:. Archived from
4601:"History: 1990s"
4597:
4591:
4590:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4521:
4513:
4507:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4467:
4458:
4457:
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3309:
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3277:
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3214:
3207:
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3199:
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3121:
3120:
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3113:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3009:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2809:
2688:memory scrubbing
2644:standard allows
2564:
2544:
2503:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2342:
2338:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2240:
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2232:
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2217:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2170:
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2159:
2155:
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2142:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2087:
2060:
2053:
2044:
2037:
2026:
2002:
1971:
1855:
1804:signal integrity
1729:double data rate
1639:
1637:
1632:
1550:
1538:
1531:
1529:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1459:Thin-film memory
1453:Core rope memory
1379:Universal memory
1342:Millipede memory
1332:Racetrack memory
1297:Ultra HD Blu-ray
1109:Linear Tape-Open
1063:Magnetic storage
1031:Analog recording
474:Software entropy
434:Disk aggregation
194:Data degradation
179:Data compression
75:Memory hierarchy
65:Memory coherence
37:
21:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5197:JEDEC standards
5182:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5144:
5111:
5083:
5015:
4963:Fast Cycle DRAM
4911:
4890:
4884:
4854:
4849:
4848:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4829:Wayback Machine
4820:
4816:
4807:
4805:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4784:
4780:
4771:
4769:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4746:Wayback Machine
4737:
4733:
4725:
4721:
4712:
4710:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4673:
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4645:
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4640:
4631:
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4626:
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4599:
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4594:
4587:10.1109/4.62132
4563:
4562:
4558:
4551:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4519:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4505:Wayback Machine
4496:
4492:
4482:
4480:
4469:
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4461:
4451:
4449:
4440:
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4435:
4425:
4423:
4422:. March 8, 2012
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3322:
3318:
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3307:
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3300:
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3225:
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3204:
3200:
3197:
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3186:
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3179:
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3166:
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3136:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3005:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2904:
2897:
2886:
2875:
2868:
2862:
2856:
2851:
2833:
2816:
2747:
2734:
2709:
2678:DDR chips. The
2602:
2562:
2542:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2405:are labeled as
2340:
2336:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2085:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2059:
2051:
2050:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2019:
1996:
1995:
1927:
1878:
1853:
1828:
1714:
1666:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1615:
1574:
1553:
1541:
1527:
1526:
1518:
1489:
1488:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1352:Patterned media
1322:
1314:
1313:
1181:
1171:
1170:
1166:Hard disk drive
1033:
1023:
1022:
1003:
992:
991:
946:
936:
935:
857:IBM FlashSystem
852:USB flash drive
791:
774:
773:
728:
720:
719:
708:Dual-ported RAM
586:
569:
568:
529:Cloud computing
389:Copy protection
309:Data redundancy
239:Shared resource
209:Data validation
184:Data corruption
159:Structured data
70:Cache coherence
55:
41:Computer memory
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5215:
5213:
5205:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5184:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5161:SDRAM timeline
5158:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5117:Memory modules
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5093:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5080:
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4947:
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4909:
4904:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4860:
4853:
4852:External links
4850:
4847:
4846:
4832:
4814:
4790:
4778:
4749:
4731:
4719:
4694:
4676:
4667:
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4406:
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4375:
4372:
4344:Main article:
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2477:
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2466:
2455:
2452:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2399:
2398:ECC vs non-ECC
2396:
2381:
2378:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2298:
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2279:
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2256:
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2226:
2211:
2208:
2193:
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2185:
2182:
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2164:
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2146:
2143:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2120:
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2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2054:
2045:
2038:
2027:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1965:architecture.
1926:
1923:
1877:
1874:
1827:
1824:
1792:double pumping
1769:memory modules
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1681:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1671:Specifications
1668:
1667:
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1658:
1652:
1646:
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1517:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1471:Twistor memory
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1389:Quantum memory
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1321:In development
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
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1244:
1239:
1234:
1232:Super Video CD
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1193:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
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1111:
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1080:
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1024:
1021:
1020:
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1004:
998:
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994:
993:
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989:
984:
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953:
947:
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937:
934:
933:
928:
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926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
889:MultiMediaCard
886:
881:
876:
866:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
843:
837:
825:
820:
819:
818:
813:
803:
798:
792:
787:
786:
783:
782:
776:
775:
772:
771:
765:
759:
754:
751:Selectron tube
748:
742:
736:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
718:
717:
716:
715:
705:
700:
695:
689:
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655:
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604:
603:
598:
591:Hardware cache
587:
582:
581:
578:
577:
571:
570:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
544:Edge computing
541:
536:
531:
526:
524:Grid computing
521:
519:Bank switching
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
464:Virtual memory
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
429:Disk mirroring
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
384:Temporary file
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
334:Knowledge base
331:
326:
324:Storage record
321:
319:Memory refresh
316:
311:
306:
304:Data structure
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
199:Data integrity
196:
191:
189:Data cleansing
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
145:
144:
139:
129:
124:
122:Object storage
119:
114:
109:
104:
103:
102:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
56:
53:
52:
49:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5214:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5156:DRAM timeline
5154:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5114:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5018:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4888:
4881:
4876:
4874:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4851:
4842:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4818:
4815:
4804:
4800:
4794:
4791:
4787:
4782:
4779:
4768:on 2012-03-03
4767:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4735:
4732:
4728:
4723:
4720:
4709:on 2013-12-03
4708:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4690:
4689:www.jedec.org
4686:
4680:
4677:
4671:
4668:
4657:on 2016-11-07
4656:
4652:
4648:
4642:
4639:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4612:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4560:
4557:
4552:
4550:9780080553849
4546:
4542:
4541:
4533:
4530:
4525:
4518:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4494:
4491:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4447:
4443:
4437:
4434:
4421:
4417:
4411:
4408:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4356:mobile phones
4353:
4347:
4339:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4276:
4260:
4245:
4230:
4227:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4010:
3994:
3979:
3964:
3961:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3926:
3911:
3896:
3893:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3826:
3811:
3796:
3793:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3758:
3743:
3728:
3725:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3647:
3632:
3617:
3614:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3579:
3564:
3549:
3546:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3491:
3476:
3461:
3458:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3423:
3408:
3393:
3390:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3312:
3297:
3282:
3279:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3224:
3209:
3194:
3191:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3156:
3141:
3126:
3123:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3076:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3022:
3019:
3004:
3001:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2879:
2874:
2873:Transfer rate
2864:
2850:
2840:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2525:
2523:organization
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2494:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2346:underclocking
2333:
2330:
2326:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2292:
2289:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2242:
2227:
2212:
2209:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2165:
2162:
2147:
2144:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2083:
2064:
2058:
2049:
2048:Transfer rate
2035:
2024:
2018:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1963:multi-channel
1960:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1876:Specification
1875:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1832:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1544:
1537:
1532:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1477:Bubble memory
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1104:Cassette tape
1102:
1100:
1099:Videocassette
1097:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:Magnetic tape
1066:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
996:
995:
988:
985:
983:
980:
977:
974:
972:
969:
966:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
945:
940:
939:
932:
929:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
870:
867:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:ROM cartridge
821:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
790:
785:
784:
781:
777:
769:
766:
763:
760:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
730:
724:
723:
714:
711:
710:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
676:
673:
672:
671:
668:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
580:
579:
576:
572:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
549:Dew computing
547:
545:
542:
540:
539:Fog computing
537:
535:
534:Cloud storage
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
514:Memory paging
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
349:File deletion
347:
345:
342:
340:
339:Computer file
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
219:Data recovery
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
204:Data security
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
101:
100:floating-gate
98:
97:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
57:
51:
50:
46:
42:
38:
33:
19:
4959:(Mobile DDR)
4929:
4895:Asynchronous
4835:
4817:
4806:. Retrieved
4802:
4793:
4781:
4770:. Retrieved
4766:the original
4761:
4752:
4734:
4722:
4711:. Retrieved
4707:the original
4697:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4659:. Retrieved
4655:the original
4650:
4641:
4627:
4615:. Retrieved
4611:the original
4604:
4595:
4570:
4566:
4559:
4539:
4532:
4523:
4511:
4493:
4481:. Retrieved
4474:
4450:. Retrieved
4436:
4424:. Retrieved
4419:
4410:
4349:
2798:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2748:
2739:
2735:
2732:Organization
2727:
2713:
2710:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:Organization
2645:
2638:high density
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2617:DRAM density
2594:
2590:
2582:128M×4 MBit
2495:
2481:
2478:
2410:
2392:
2389:single sided
2388:
2372:
2368:
2357:
2352:overclocking
2350:
2344:
2334:
2324:
2323:
1952:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1848:
1837:
1812:
1798:) to double
1796:clock signal
1777:
1773:motherboards
1724:
1720:
1719:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1626:
1620:Release date
1424:Punched tape
1418:Punched card
1384:Time crystal
1252:Hyper CD-ROM
1191:Optical disc
1083:Tape library
1018:FeFET memory
999:Early-stage
879:CompactFlash
874:Memory Stick
834:Flash memory
796:Diode matrix
780:Non-volatile
652:
564:Kryder's law
554:Amdahl's law
479:Software rot
454:Logical disk
354:File copying
289:Data storage
244:File sharing
229:Data cluster
4917:Synchronous
4651:PCStats.com
4573:(5): 1118.
4420:TechPowerUp
2745:Generations
2630:low density
2565:64M×8 MBit
2545:64M×4 MBit
2420:CAS latency
2082:CAS latency
1961:employ the
1948:chip select
1932:memory rank
1589:Generations
1483:Floppy disk
1435:Drum memory
869:Memory card
836:is used in:
770:(2002–2010)
735:(1946–1947)
559:Moore's law
404:Boot sector
344:Object file
249:File system
60:Memory cell
5186:Categories
4808:2018-10-21
4803:Super User
4772:2009-01-21
4713:2009-06-01
4661:2019-09-09
4524:xilinx.com
4402:References
4385:ECC memory
4368:Mobile DDR
4352:Mobile DDR
4340:Mobile DDR
4318:DDR5-7200
4298:DDR5-6400
4278:DDR5-5600
4210:DDR5-5333
4178:DDR5-5120
4146:DDR5-5000
4114:DDR5-4800
4094:DDR5-4000
4074:DDR5-3600
4037:DDR5-3200
4012:DDR4-3200
3944:DDR4-2933
3876:DDR4-2666
3844:DDR4-2400
3776:DDR4-2133
3708:DDR4-1866
3670:DDR4-1600
3597:DDR3-2133
3529:DDR3-1866
3509:DDR3-1600
3441:DDR3-1333
3373:DDR3-1066
3262:DDR2-1066
2867:Clock rate
2855:Cycle time
2849:Clock rate
2766:DDR4 SDRAM
2762:DDR3 SDRAM
2751:DDR2 SDRAM
2596:produced.
2457:Typically
2449:unbuffered
2445:Registered
2393:dual sided
2040:Clock rate
2029:Cycle time
2017:Clock rate
1818:1600
1757:DDR5 SDRAM
1753:DDR4 SDRAM
1749:DDR3 SDRAM
1745:DDR2 SDRAM
1406:Historical
1078:Tape drive
904:SmartMedia
727:Historical
424:Disk image
419:Disk array
294:Data store
95:MOS memory
85:Memory map
18:DDR memory
5166:Bandwidth
5107:XDR2 DRAM
4930:DDR SDRAM
4360:handhelds
3694:1.2/1.05
3359:1.5/1.35
3335:DDR3-800
3242:DDR2-800
3174:DDR2-667
3106:DDR2-533
3068:DDR2-400
2884:Bandwidth
2845:Standard
2528:of ranks
2513:of chips
2454:Packaging
2441:Buffering
2057:Bandwidth
2007:Standard
1808:bandwidth
1784:interface
1741:computers
1725:DDR SDRAM
1558:Developer
1525:DDR SDRAM
1465:Disk pack
1430:Plugboard
1267:DVD-Video
1196:LaserDisc
1094:Videotape
965:3D XPoint
956:Memristor
596:CPU cache
364:Core dump
284:Data bank
234:Directory
5102:XDR DRAM
5020:Graphics
4907:EDO DRAM
4902:FPM DRAM
4825:Archived
4742:Archived
4606:SK Hynix
4501:Archived
4476:Phys.org
4374:See also
3040:DDR-400
2984:DDR-333
2952:DDR-266
2914:DDR-200
2758:XDR DRAM
2684:Chipkill
2622:megabits
2377:Capacity
2364:SO-DIMMs
2296:2.6±0.1
2290:2.5-3-3
2272:PC-3200
2266:DDR-400
2258:2.5-3-3
2192:PC-2700
2189:DDR-333
2181:2.5-3-3
2127:PC-2100
2124:DDR-266
2119:2.5±0.2
2095:PC-1600
2092:DDR-200
1959:chipsets
1865:SK Hynix
1800:data bus
1739:used in
1705:1.2/1.05
1699:1.5/1.35
1394:UltraRAM
1272:DVD card
1227:Video CD
1212:CD Video
982:Nano-RAM
951:Memistor
924:XQD card
899:SIM card
757:Dekatron
643:XDR DRAM
638:EDO DRAM
575:Volatile
369:Hex dump
279:Database
174:Metadata
169:Big data
5135:UniDIMM
4999:HBM-PIM
4965:(FCRAM)
4575:Bibcode
4483:23 June
4452:23 June
4446:Samsung
4426:25 June
4269:⁄
4254:⁄
4239:⁄
4221:⁄
4192:⁄
4157:⁄
4128:⁄
4003:⁄
3988:⁄
3973:⁄
3955:⁄
3935:⁄
3920:⁄
3905:⁄
3887:⁄
3858:⁄
3835:⁄
3820:⁄
3805:⁄
3787:⁄
3767:⁄
3752:⁄
3737:⁄
3719:⁄
3656:⁄
3641:⁄
3626:⁄
3608:⁄
3588:⁄
3573:⁄
3558:⁄
3540:⁄
3500:⁄
3485:⁄
3470:⁄
3452:⁄
3432:⁄
3417:⁄
3402:⁄
3384:⁄
3321:⁄
3306:⁄
3291:⁄
3273:⁄
3233:⁄
3218:⁄
3203:⁄
3185:⁄
3165:⁄
3150:⁄
3135:⁄
3117:⁄
3031:⁄
3013:⁄
2995:⁄
2975:⁄
2887:(MB/s)
2831:Voltage
2815:Release
2672:×4, ×8,
2668:columns
2628:chips (
2487:⁄
2463:SO-DIMM
2416:Timings
2411:non-ECC
2341:133 MHz
2337:100 MHz
2251:⁄
2236:⁄
2221:⁄
2203:⁄
2174:⁄
2163:266.67
2156:⁄
2138:⁄
2013:Module
1993:Voltage
1988:Timings
1925:Modules
1918:SO-DIMM
1850:Samsung
1826:History
1761:forward
1727:) is a
1687:2.5/2.6
1677:Voltage
1634: (
1565:Samsung
1479:(~1970)
1473:(~1968)
1455:(1960s)
1292:Blu-ray
1282:MiniDVD
1277:DVD-RAM
1237:Mini CD
1179:Optical
1139:U-matic
1134:MicroMV
1114:Betamax
978:(ECRAM)
919:MicroP2
894:SD card
884:PC Card
675:1T-SRAM
633:QDRSRAM
224:Storage
54:General
5089:Rambus
4974:RLDRAM
4889:(DRAM)
4617:6 July
4547:
4362:, and
4333:57600
4313:51200
4293:44800
4205:40960
4173:40000
4141:38400
4109:32000
4089:28800
4058:25600
4027:25600
3871:19200
3691:12800
3524:12800
2903:Micro-
2869:(MHz)
2852:(MHz)
2755:Rambus
2646:128M×4
2634:128M×4
2632:). If
2526:Number
2511:Number
2506:Module
2315:3-4-4
2304:3-3-3
2184:18.75
2113:2-2-2
2052:(MT/s)
1957:, new
1854:
1731:(DDR)
1485:(1971)
1467:(1962)
1461:(1962)
1449:(1957)
1443:(1949)
1437:(1932)
1426:(1725)
1420:(1725)
1414:(1725)
1287:HD DVD
1247:CD-ROM
1203:(CDDA)
1129:MiniDV
848:(SSHD)
830:(SSS)
816:EEPROM
764:(2009)
753:(1952)
747:(1951)
741:(1947)
359:Backup
5192:SDRAM
5149:Lists
5097:RDRAM
5077:GDDR7
5072:GDDR6
5067:GDDR5
5062:GDDR4
5057:GDDR3
5052:GDDR2
5042:SGRAM
5037:MDRAM
5004:HBM3E
4989:HBM2E
4969:eDRAM
4957:LPDDR
4925:SDRAM
4520:(PDF)
4346:LPDDR
4330:7200
4327:3600
4324:2.22
4310:6400
4307:3200
4290:5600
4287:2800
4284:2.86
4262:42666
4202:5120
4199:2560
4170:5000
4167:2500
4138:4800
4135:2400
4106:4000
4103:2000
4086:3600
4083:1800
4080:4.44
4055:3200
4052:1600
4040:2020
4024:3200
4021:1600
3996:23466
3962:2.73
3928:21333
3868:2400
3865:1200
3828:17066
3794:3.75
3760:14933
3726:4.29
3688:1600
3673:2014
3649:17066
3615:3.75
3581:14933
3547:4.29
3521:1600
3493:10600
3356:6400
3338:2007
3280:3.75
3257:6400
3089:3200
3071:2003
3055:3200
2935:1600
2917:1998
2863:fetch
2857:(ns)
2837:Pins
2817:year
2812:Name
2800:RDRAM
2660:banks
2656:64M×4
2642:JEDEC
2626:64M×8
2573:1 GB
2553:1 GB
2533:1 GB
2518:size
2508:size
2473:order
2329:JEDEC
2325:Note:
2293:12.5
2287:3200
2110:1600
2043:(MHz)
2010:Type
1974:Name
1944:sides
1940:banks
1869:JEDEC
1863:(now
1709:DDR5:
1703:DDR4:
1697:DDR3:
1691:DDR2:
1661:DDR5:
1655:DDR4:
1649:DDR3:
1643:DDR2:
1570:JEDEC
1347:ECRAM
1327:CBRAM
1262:DVD+R
1222:CD-RW
1159:D-VHS
1154:VHS-C
1149:S-VHS
1090:(DDS)
1013:ReRAM
1008:FeRAM
1001:NVRAM
987:CBRAM
944:NVRAM
842:(SSD)
811:EPROM
768:Z-RAM
762:T-RAM
694:(CAM)
682:ReRAM
648:RDRAM
628:LPDDR
623:SGRAM
618:SDRAM
613:eDRAM
47:types
5140:CAMM
5130:DIMM
5125:SIMM
5047:GDDR
5032:WRAM
5027:VRAM
4994:HBM3
4984:HBM2
4950:DDR5
4945:DDR4
4940:DDR3
4935:DDR2
4762:eBay
4619:2019
4545:ISBN
4485:2019
4454:2019
4428:2019
4321:450
4304:2.5
4301:400
4281:350
4247:5333
4232:2666
4181:320
4164:3.2
4117:300
4097:250
4077:225
4067:262
4064:288
4061:1.1
4049:16n
4043:200
4033:DDR5
4018:2.5
4015:400
3981:2933
3966:1466
3913:2666
3898:1333
3847:300
3813:2133
3798:1066
3745:1866
3700:260
3697:288
3685:800
3676:200
3666:DDR4
3634:2133
3619:1066
3566:1866
3518:800
3512:200
3478:1333
3425:8533
3410:1066
3391:7.5
3368:214
3365:204
3362:240
3353:800
3350:400
3341:100
3331:DDR3
3314:8533
3299:1066
3254:800
3251:400
3245:200
3226:5333
3158:4266
3124:7.5
3101:214
3098:200
3095:240
3092:1.8
3086:400
3083:200
3074:100
3064:DDR2
3058:2.6
3052:400
3049:200
3043:200
3024:2666
3020:333
2968:2133
2964:266
2961:133
2958:7.5
2955:133
2947:172
2944:200
2941:184
2938:2.5
2932:200
2929:100
2920:100
2911:DDR
2905:DIMM
2898:DIMM
2891:DIMM
2878:MT/s
2861:Pre-
2842:Gen
2834:(V)
2821:Chip
2694:and
2674:and
2664:rows
2608:The
2579:512
2559:512
2539:256
2521:Chip
2516:Chip
2459:DIMM
2284:400
2281:200
2275:200
2244:2666
2167:2133
2145:7.5
2107:200
2104:100
2098:100
2086:(ns)
2069:CL-T
2063:MB/s
1978:Chip
1938:and
1936:rows
1857:Mbit
1820:MB/s
1815:bits
1755:and
1685:DDR:
1663:2020
1657:2014
1651:2007
1645:2003
1636:1998
1629:1998
1627:DDR:
1611:DDR5
1606:DDR4
1601:DDR3
1596:DDR2
1579:Type
1337:NRAM
1309:WORM
1217:CD-R
971:MRAM
806:PROM
801:MROM
703:VRAM
687:QRAM
670:SRAM
658:GDDR
608:DRAM
504:RAID
154:Data
43:and
32:GDDR
4979:HBM
4583:doi
4214:333
4150:312
3948:366
3880:333
3780:266
3730:933
3712:233
3682:8n
3601:266
3551:933
3533:233
3463:666
3445:166
3395:533
3377:133
3347:8n
3344:10
3284:533
3266:266
3211:666
3196:333
3178:166
3143:533
3128:266
3110:133
3080:4n
3077:10
3006:166
2988:166
2926:2n
2923:10
2896:SO-
2826:Bus
2696:×16
2676:×16
2610:die
2576:18
2556:18
2536:36
2461:or
2436:RAS
2432:RFC
2407:ECC
2385:ECC
2318:15
2307:15
2261:15
2229:333
2214:166
2196:166
2149:133
2131:133
2116:20
2101:10
2071:RCD
2023:MHz
1983:Bus
1840:IBM
1780:SDR
1763:or
1711:1.1
1693:1.8
1257:DVD
1144:VHS
961:PCM
914:SxS
789:ROM
663:HBM
653:DDR
584:RAM
5188::
4801:.
4760:.
4687:.
4649:.
4603:.
4581:.
4571:25
4569:.
4522:.
4473:.
4462:^
4444:.
4418:.
4358:,
4228:3
4100:4
4046:5
3894:3
3703:-
3679:5
3515:5
3459:6
3248:5
3192:6
3046:5
3002:6
2880:)
2700:x8
2692:×8
2686:,
2680:×4
2666:x
2662:x
2585:1
2568:2
2548:2
2438:).
2428:RC
2424:CK
2312:C
2301:B
2278:5
2269:A
2210:6
2077:RP
2034:ns
1822:.
1751:,
1747:,
1207:CD
1124:DV
4879:e
4872:t
4865:v
4843:.
4811:.
4775:.
4729:.
4716:.
4691:.
4664:.
4635:.
4621:.
4589:.
4585::
4577::
4553:.
4526:.
4487:.
4456:.
4430:.
4271:3
4267:2
4264:+
4256:3
4252:1
4249:+
4241:3
4237:2
4234:+
4223:3
4219:1
4216:+
4194:8
4190:1
4187:+
4185:3
4159:2
4155:1
4152:+
4130:3
4126:1
4123:+
4121:3
4005:3
4001:2
3998:+
3990:3
3986:1
3983:+
3975:3
3971:2
3968:+
3957:3
3953:2
3950:+
3937:3
3933:1
3930:+
3922:3
3918:2
3915:+
3907:3
3903:1
3900:+
3889:3
3885:1
3882:+
3860:3
3856:1
3853:+
3851:3
3837:3
3833:2
3830:+
3822:3
3818:1
3815:+
3807:3
3803:2
3800:+
3789:3
3785:2
3782:+
3769:3
3765:1
3762:+
3754:3
3750:2
3747:+
3739:3
3735:1
3732:+
3721:3
3717:1
3714:+
3658:3
3654:2
3651:+
3643:3
3639:1
3636:+
3628:3
3624:2
3621:+
3610:3
3606:2
3603:+
3590:3
3586:1
3583:+
3575:3
3571:2
3568:+
3560:3
3556:1
3553:+
3542:3
3538:1
3535:+
3502:3
3498:2
3495:+
3487:3
3483:1
3480:+
3472:3
3468:2
3465:+
3454:3
3450:2
3447:+
3434:3
3430:1
3427:+
3419:3
3415:2
3412:+
3404:3
3400:1
3397:+
3386:3
3382:1
3379:+
3323:3
3319:1
3316:+
3308:3
3304:2
3301:+
3293:3
3289:1
3286:+
3275:3
3271:2
3268:+
3235:3
3231:1
3228:+
3220:3
3216:2
3213:+
3205:3
3201:1
3198:+
3187:3
3183:2
3180:+
3167:3
3163:2
3160:+
3152:3
3148:1
3145:+
3137:3
3133:2
3130:+
3119:3
3115:1
3112:+
3033:3
3029:2
3026:+
3015:3
3011:2
3008:+
2997:3
2993:2
2990:+
2977:3
2973:1
2970:+
2876:(
2794:n
2790:n
2786:n
2782:n
2780:8
2636:(
2563:0
2543:0
2489:9
2485:8
2465:.
2451:.
2413:.
2253:3
2249:2
2246:+
2238:3
2234:1
2231:+
2223:3
2219:2
2216:+
2205:3
2201:2
2198:+
2176:3
2172:1
2169:+
2158:3
2154:1
2151:+
2140:3
2136:1
2133:+
2075:T
2073:-
2065:)
2061:(
2036:)
2032:(
2025:)
2021:(
2001:)
1999:V
1997:(
1920:)
1723:(
1638:)
1513:e
1506:t
1499:v
967:)
963:(
34:.
20:)
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