233:, both of these states were situated in the same region as the Da Shu Kingdom and shared the same capital city. However, as Li Shun was killed and as he only ruled over the newly proclaimed Kingdom of Da Shu for five months his former subordinates began casting both bronze and iron cash coins with the legend Yinggan Tongbao (應感通寶) after his death. These cash coins continued to be produced for around a year until the uprising was finally suppressed by the forces of the Song dynasty in the year 995.
419:
374:
this particular coin has a diameter of 23 millimeters, however unlike the one in the
Shanghai Museum this one weighs 3.9 grams. Unique to this coin is that unlike other cash coins produced by the Da Shu regime is that this coin has a dot (星, "star") and a crescent (月, "moon") on its reverse side
51:
was able to suppress the rebellion and restore their rule over the Shu region. The coinage produced by the Da Shu
Kingdom is often rather roughly produced and as the rebellion only lasted a few years not many cash coins were produced leading to them being extremely rare today.
236:
The workmanship of the casting techniques used to produce Da Shu coinage is relatively rough, the reverse sides of these cash coins is usually flat and blank, and the colour of copper-alloy coins tend to be whitish. All Da Shu cash coins are cast in the size of the 1
402:
Additionally the
National Museum of China is in possession of an iron Yingyun Tongbao that has the same diameter but weighs 3.7 grams as its composed of different metal, and a bronze Yinggan Tongbao with a diameter of 23 millimeters that weighs 3.2 grams. The
243:
denomination (小平錢). As the logistics of transporting the coinage across the Shu region proved troublesome and as Li Shun barely held much territory outside of
Chengdu these cash coins only circulated in a very small area.
55:
The first two inscriptions were produced for five months under King Li Shun while after his death the remaining rebels introduced a new inscription which was produced for a year until the rebellion was finally put down.
725:
342:
As the cash coins of the Da Shu
Kingdom weren't produced in great numbers and not many of them have survived, they are extremely rare today and are listed among "China’s 50 Rarest Ancient Coins" (歷代古錢五十珍,
806:
112:), this monopoly prevented the tea farmers from obtaining a reasonable income to live off. Another contributing factor to the bad living conditions of the peasantry at the time was a severe
387:
that also featured a dot and crescent on its reverse, but as this particular cash coin is 26 millimeters in diameter it's actually believed to be a "pattern coin" or "trial coin" (試樣,
888:
370:
in the twentieth century, this cash coin is reportedly made from bronze and has a weight of 2.9 grams. Another bronze
Yingyun Yuanbao cash coin is the possession of the
1345:
881:
501:
The
Reunification of China: Peace through War under the Song Dynasty by Peter Lorge § The rebellion of Wang Xiaopo and Li Shun (23 March 993-2 April 995)
80:
was in a bad shape during this period and around the country peasants were forming their own armies to rebel against the government and started killing
632:
914:
253:
1400:
230:
722:
874:
844:
1302:
1123:
977:
383:. This was long thought to be the only Da Shu coin with these symbols but in January 2016 a Yingyun Tongbao cash coin was excavated in
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1004:
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488:(谈谈成都的钱币文化) "Literature and History Magazine", Issue 1, 2000 (《文史杂志》2000年 第1期) - Chengdu Numismatic Society (成都市钱币学会).
124:. By the year 993 the number of participants of the uprising in Sichuan had reached several hundred thousand farmers.
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1320:
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135:(王小波) were able to beat the government's military forces stationed in Sichuan and after taking over state
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952:
779:
1287:
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with the legends
Yingyun Tongbao (應運通寶) and Yingyun Yuanbao (應運元寶), these inscriptions are read in a
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1453:
1118:
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that devastated the country while the Song dynasty was suffering heavy losses against both the
1341:
1333:
1328:
1312:
1160:
1155:
840:
505:
613:
New
Chinese Ancient Coins Catalogue 2004. Author: Huaguang Pu. Published in August 2004. (in
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1408:
1390:
1165:
1110:
1067:
814:
783:
733:
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693:
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533:
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355:. In the year 2015 a Yinggan Tongbao cash coin with a diameter of 23.7 millimeters sold for
163:
140:
40:
32:
671:
1413:
1261:
1138:
810:
729:
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is in possession of an iron
Yinggan Tongbao cash coin with a diameter of 23 millimeters.
1045:
1040:
1035:
537:
144:
105:
89:
1442:
1292:
1211:
1185:
1085:
1030:
982:
101:
73:
595:, Rebel coins "Ying Yun yuan bao" and "Ying Gan tong bao" (Coins No. 307 & 308).
456:
1297:
424:
117:
65:
48:
68:
was founded its government still had issues consolidating its power and rule over
534:"Chinese History - Song Period Event History § The reform politics of Wang Anshi"
1245:
1206:
1150:
1100:
1090:
1075:
750:
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121:
35:, the revolt lasted from 993 until 995 and during this period a small number of
860:
139:
distributed the grain that was present among themselves. After Wang Xiaobo was
1282:
414:
222:
127:
The revolt adopted the motto "equalise the income of the rich and poor" (均貧富,
100:) where these peasants were protesting exploitation by rich landowners of the
81:
571:
Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
1237:
1128:
1095:
226:
190:
136:
84:
government officials. The largest of these peasant revolts was organised by
366:
The private coin collector Sun Ding (孫鼎) donated a Yingyun Yuanbao to the
1356:
1170:
1080:
1050:
692:華光普．中國古錢大集【甲】．湖南人民出版社，2008年6月：109-126齊刀、209-215六泉十布、240-244大泉五百大泉當千等 (in
379:) which are similar to the symbols found on other cash coins as well as
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861:
Images of Da Shu and other Northern Song dynasty era rebel coinages
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154:. After this victory Li Shun crowned himself as the "King of
27:: 大蜀貨幣 / 大蜀起義軍鑄) is the earliest known coinage produced by a
150:(李顺) took over his position and managed to take the city of
47:. It was only with the strongest military efforts that the
178:
From the year 994 Li Shun began the production of both
258:
List of cash coins issued by the Great Shu Kingdom:
1399:
1355:
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1270:
1222:
1199:
1109:
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1018:
928:
902:
635:(in Chinese (China)). 123renren.net. Archived from
567:"Earliest Peasant Rebellion in China to Mint Coins"
480:
478:
476:
474:
96:) in the Shu region (蜀, the modern day province of
39:were produced by the peasant rebellion using the
604:Rong Tansong (戎畋松) - “应感通宝”钱述略 -《收藏》2015年 第12期.
248:List of cash coins issued by the Da Shu Kingdom
72:and didn't properly address the most important
347:). A number of them are on display in various
882:
8:
593:Chinese Cash: Identification and Price Guide
561:
559:
557:
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889:
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837:Cast Chinese Coins: A Historical Catalogue
780:应运通宝铁钱 - 点击图片查看大图 - 宋 - 南宋 - 直径2.3厘米，重3.7克
915:List of Chinese cash coins by inscription
486:Talking about the coin culture in Chengdu
254:List of Chinese cash coins by inscription
217:). These cash coins notably resemble the
804:应感通宝 - 点击图片查看大图 - 宋 - 北宋 - 直径2.3厘米，重3.2克
723:应运元宝 - 点击图片查看大图 - 宋 - 北宋 - 直径2.3厘米，重3.9克
260:
657:
444:
672:"北宋錢幣（Northern Song Dynasty 960~1127）"
231:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
757:(in Chinese (China)). 29 January 2016
162:) in the year 994 and proclaimed the
7:
674:(in Chinese (Taiwan)). PChome.com.tw
813:。Retrieved: 17 September 2018. (in
782:。Retrieved: 17 September 2018. (in
732:。Retrieved: 17 September 2018. (in
209:) which is a conservative type of
14:
1200:Manufacturing and casting process
498:Lorge, Peter (26 November 2015).
363:368,000) at an auction in China.
76:that plagued the population. The
417:
351:in China or are in the hands of
1005:Paper money of the Qing dynasty
978:Jin dynasty coinage (1115–1234)
863:(Zeno Oriental Coins Database).
108:on the purchasing of tea (均貧富,
1401:Special administrative regions
755:“China Shoucang Journal” (收藏).
504:. Cambridge University Press.
131:) and under the leadership of
1:
1278:Charms and amulets (Yansheng)
968:Southern Song dynasty coinage
819:Simplified Chinese characters
788:Simplified Chinese characters
738:Simplified Chinese characters
619:Simplified Chinese characters
453:"Die Nördliche Song-Dynastie"
433:Southern Song dynasty coinage
1058:Yuan of the Red Army Command
221:produced by the kingdoms of
910:History of Chinese currency
78:economy of the Song dynasty
1480:
381:Chinese charms and amulets
345:lì dài gǔ qián wǔ shí zhēn
251:
104:and the Song government's
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1026:Historical money of Tibet
670:古錢天地 (18 November 2010).
1181:Great Qing Treasure Note
1176:Great Ming Treasure Note
800:National Museum of China
776:National Museum of China
719:National Museum of China
705:中華珍泉追踪錄。Page = 184. (in
532:Ulrich Theobald (2000).
372:National Museum of China
64:Three decades after the
930:By period (before 1912)
920:Ancient Chinese coinage
835:Hartill, David (2005).
633:"最早的义军钱——"应运元宝"与"应感通宝""
631:Tuijian (推荐本文) (2016).
953:Southern Tang coinage
484:Li Shengquan (李盛铨) -
88:farmers and landless
1288:Vault protector coin
1000:Qing dynasty coinage
995:Ming dynasty coinage
990:Yuan dynasty coinage
958:Liao dynasty coinage
938:Zhou dynasty coinage
639:on 18 September 2018
459:on 18 September 2018
43:of the rebel leader
1464:Chinese numismatics
1459:Currencies of China
1271:Historical exonumia
973:Western Xia coinage
948:Xin dynasty coinage
943:Han dynasty coinage
897:Currencies of China
338:Surviving specimens
268:Traditional Chinese
199:Chinese calligraphy
25:Traditional Chinese
809:2018-09-18 at the
728:2018-09-18 at the
573:. 16 November 2016
353:private collectors
273:Simplified Chinese
197:) and the type of
166:of "Yingyun" (應運,
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1342:New Taiwan dollar
1334:Chinese gold yuan
1329:Old Taiwan dollar
1321:Customs gold unit
1313:Republic of China
1019:Other territories
846:978-1-4120-5466-9
694:Mandarin Chinese
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33:history of China
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678:17 September
676:. Retrieved
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658:Hartill 2005
653:
643:17 September
641:. Retrieved
637:the original
626:
609:
600:
592:
587:
577:16 September
575:. Retrieved
570:
544:17 September
542:. Retrieved
527:
517:17 September
515:. Retrieved
500:
493:
485:
463:17 September
461:. Retrieved
457:the original
447:
425:Money portal
401:
396:
388:
376:
365:
344:
341:
313:Li Shun (李顺)
257:
238:
235:
214:
206:
203:Bafen script
194:
193:manner (旋讀,
177:
167:
164:period title
159:
128:
126:
109:
93:
66:Song dynasty
63:
54:
49:Song dynasty
17:
15:
1223:Near modern
1207:Mother coin
1151:Flying cash
1101:Spade money
1091:Knife money
817:written in
786:written in
761:16 November
736:written in
617:written in
591:Jen, David
393:mother coin
264:Inscription
229:during the
160:dà shǔ wáng
133:Wang Xiaobo
1454:Cash coins
1443:Categories
1426:See also:
1283:Horse coin
1238:Candareen
1119:Cash coins
439:References
252:See also:
223:Former Shu
207:bā fēn shū
187:cash coins
129:jūn pín fù
60:Background
37:cash coins
1129:Ban Liang
1096:Ying Yuan
227:Later Shu
191:clockwise
156:Great Shu
137:granaries
110:bó mǎi wù
41:era names
1357:Renminbi
1171:Jiaochao
1111:Imperial
1081:Tong Bei
1051:Hongqian
1010:Shengbao
903:Overview
807:Archived
726:Archived
411:See also
389:shì yàng
359:54,000 (
168:yìng yùn
158:" (大蜀王,
120:and the
1391:Digital
1256:(liǎng)
1124:Strings
1068:Ancient
829:Sources
395:" (鐵母,
375:(月孕星版,
349:museums
295:Li Shun
195:xuán dú
174:History
152:Chengdu
148:Li Shun
122:Tanguts
118:Khitans
114:drought
98:Sichuan
94:páng hù
82:corrupt
45:Li Shun
31:in the
1359:series
1248:(qián)
1161:Guanzi
1156:Jiaozi
1134:Wu Zhu
843:
508:
397:tiě mǔ
280:Image
215:lì shū
205:(八分書,
180:bronze
143:, his
1303:Token
1254:Tael
1246:Mace
1240:(fēn)
1232:(wén)
1230:Cash
1166:Huizi
1146:Sycee
385:Hubei
213:(隸書,
92:(旁戶,
70:China
1325:Fabi
1262:Yuan
841:ISBN
763:2016
680:2018
645:2018
579:2018
546:2018
519:2018
506:ISBN
465:2018
329:None
326:应感通宝
323:應感通寶
310:应运元宝
307:應運元寶
297:(李顺)
291:应运通宝
288:應運通寶
277:King
225:and
184:iron
182:and
16:The
1386:5th
1381:4th
1376:3rd
1371:2nd
1366:1st
1346:5th
540:.de
399:).
240:wén
170:).
86:tea
1445::
802:-
778:-
753:.
721:-
696:).
569:.
554:^
536:.
473:^
357:$
1348:)
1344:(
890:e
883:t
876:v
849:.
821:)
790:)
765:.
740:)
709:)
682:.
647:.
621:)
581:.
548:.
521:.
467:.
361:¥
23:(
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