361:, Sydney. Again, claiming to be twenty-one years old. she had received a letter from him three days after her wedding to Jack Bates (who had at that point had already left for work). It is not known how Baglehole managed to find Bates. Not much is known of their relationship; Bates later burned their letters, wedding photos and her diaries, nor is any record of his death known. It is known that he was already married, had two children, and had arrived in Australia working as fourth-mate aboard the merchant vessel
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Aboriginal peoples. They were suffering high mortality because of the incursions of
European settlement and the introduction of new infectious diseases, to which they had no immunity. Further, the birth of mixed race children led to moral threats as often the European fathers were not married to the indigenous mothers, creating a new disadvantaged sub-caste. In addition, their societies were disrupted by having to adapt to modern technology and western culture.
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331:(aka, Harry Morant or Edwin Murrant) was also employed here, but as a 'horse-boy'. On 13 March 1884, they married in Charters Towers. The marriage was not legal; in Queensland, a man had to be at least twenty-one years old to get married and Morant was only nineteen (though Morant had said he was twenty-one).
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to digitise and transcribe many word lists compiled by Bates in the 1900s. The project is co-ordinated by Nick
Thieberger, to digitise all the microfilmed images from Section XII of the Bates papers. It can provide a valuable resource for those researching especially Western Australian languages, and
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After spending six months in the saddle and travelling 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi), Bates knew that her marriage was over. Following her final separation from Bates in 1902, she spent most of the rest of her life in outback
Western and South Australia. There she studied and worked for the remote
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and her siblings were split up between relatives. Bates and three of her younger siblings were sent to live with her grandmother, Catherine Hunt, called 'Granny Hunt' by Bates . After Granny Hunt died in 1868, Bates returned to live with her stepmother, Mary, who had managed to return to
Ireland and
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fashion, including wearing boots, gloves and a veil while in the bush. Bates set up camps to feed, clothe, and nurse the transient
Aboriginal people, drawing on her own income to meet the needs of the aged. She was said to have worn pistols even in her old age and to have been quite prepared to use
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Bates was said later to come into conflict with
Radcliffe-Brown after sending him her manuscript report of the expedition. Much to her chagrin, he did not return it for many years. When he did, he had annotated it extensively with critical remarks. At a symposium, Bates accused Radcliffe-Brown of
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societies in
Australia and overseas. While at the mission, she compiled a dictionary of several local dialects. It contained some two thousand words and sentences; she also included notes on legends and myths. In April 1902, Bates, accompanied by her son and her husband, set out on a droving trip
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About a month later, Bates learned that Morant had paid for neither the reverend nor the jeweller, and that he had stolen several pigs and a saddle. Morant spent only a week in jail for the thefts (the case was dismissed) and shortly afterwards Bates and Morant separated. They never officially
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in London. Not much is known of her time in London, except that she first met Ernest
Baglehole there, who was the son of a wealthy ship and factory owner. Bates was rejected as a bride for Baglehole, who had already been arranged to marry a 'Miss Jessie Rose', the daughter of an engineer and
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Later, the
Commonwealth Government paid her a stipend of $ 4 a week to assist her in putting all her papers and notes in order, and preparing her planned manuscript. But with no other income, she found it too expensive to remain in Adelaide. She moved to the village settlement of
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Given the strains that the
Aboriginals suffered from European encroachment on their lands and culture, Bates was convinced that they were a dying race. She believed that her mission was to record as much as she could about them before they disappeared. In a 1921 article in the
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She left Stead's employment in 1896, it is unclear how she supported herself until 1899. That year she set sail for Western Australia after her husband wrote to say that he was looking for a property there. In addition, she had been intrigued by a letter published that year in
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In 1904, the Registrar General of Western Australia, Malcolm Fraser, appointed her to research Aboriginal customs, languages and dialects. She worked nearly seven years on this project, compiling and organizing the data. Many of her papers were read at Geographical and
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Bates also said that she became engaged to Philip Gipps (the son of a former governor) but he died before they could marry; no records support this assertion. Biographer Bob Reece calls this story 'nonsense', as Gipps died in February 1884, before Bates married Morant.
647:, a permanent water soak and train station, she financed her work by selling her property. To supplement her income, she wrote numerous articles for newspapers and magazines, and submitted papers to learned societies. Through journalist and author
354:. He proposed a few days later, and they were married on 17 February 1885. She again lied that she was only twenty-one years old. Due to his occupation, Jack would sometimes spend months away at a time, having to move cattle over great distances.
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on 20 February 1864. Her Catholic bootmaker father, James Edward O'Dwyer, now widowed, hired Mary Dillon to look after his six children. Seven months later they were married and attempted to emigrate to the United States, her father however died
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In all, Bates devoted 40 years of her life to studying Aboriginal life, history, culture, rites, beliefs and customs. She researched and wrote on the subject while living in a tent in small settlements from Western Australia to the edges of the
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On her return voyage she met Father Dean Martelli, a Roman Catholic priest who had worked with Aboriginals and who gave her an insight into the dire conditions they faced. He also suggested that she join an expedition to a Catholic Mission at
666:. Bates was more interested in the fact that the honour helped getting her work published. She left Ooldea and went to Adelaide. With the help of Ernestine Hill, Bates published a series of articles for leading Australian newspapers, titled
395:. She told her husband that she would return to Australia only when he had a home established for her. She arrived penniless in England, having no savings due to her bank crashing in a recession and her husband not sending her any more.
600:" of the Aboriginals, with a special commission to conduct inquiries into all native conditions and problems, such as employment on stations, guardianship, and the morality of Aboriginal and half-caste women in towns and mining camps.
372:, New South Wales. While officially being the son of the Bates, some biographers speculate that Arnold Bate's biological father was Baglehole, not Bates. The polygamous nature of Bates's marriages was kept secret during her lifetime.
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911:, a series of four 30 minute episodes, written by James Tulip, produced by Robert Allnutt, with art by Guy Gray Smith; choreography and reading by Margaret Barr, danced by Christine Cullen; music composed by Diana Blom, sung by
704:. This generated considerable publicity about her book. In 1941, Bates returned to her tent life at Wynbring Siding, east of Ooldea. She lived there on and off until 1945, when she returned to Adelaide because of her health.
252:. She had six siblings, including a twin brother named 'Francis'. Francis and another sibling, Joe, died young (with Francis dying two weeks after being born). When Bates was four, her mother, Bridget (nÊe Hunt), died of
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She proceeded to buy notebooks and other supplies, and left for the state's remote north-west to gather information on Aboriginals and the effects of white settlement. She wrote articles about conditions around
537:. Bates would go on to aid Dr Jull in researching Aboriginal women's health, and Dr Jull would read a paper by Bates at a medical conference in Glasgow titled "Marriage laws, customs etc. of Aborigines [
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Based at the Beagle Bay Mission, Bates at the age of thirty-six began what became her life's work. Her accounts, among the first attempts at a serious study of Aboriginal culture, were published in the
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people could be of value to Australian society. But Bates wrote, "as to the half-castes, however early they may be taken and trained, with very few exceptions, the only good half-caste is a dead one."
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As far as I can make out she never tried to teach the Australians Aborigines anything or convert them to any faith. She preferred them to stay as they were and live out the last of their days in peace.
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It was not until long after her death that facts about her early life emerged, and even recent biographers disagree in their accounts of her life and work. Bates remains a complicated figure in the
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plagiarising her work. She was scheduled to speak after Radcliffe-Brown had presented his paper, but when she rose, she only complimented him on his presentation of her work, and resumed her seat.
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divorced, likely due to the cost, divorces only being granted under specific circumstances, and the divorce laws being sexist favouring men. Bates then moved and kept their marriage a secret.
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in Queensland, Australia. Bates, being twenty-three at the time, lied about her age to be given a government-assisted concessional fare. This was part of a immigration scheme, reserved for "
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651:, Bates's work was introduced to the general public. Much of the publicity tended to focus on her sensational reports of infanticide and cannibalism among the Aboriginals.
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into settled areas, to prevent conflict and interracial unions. She later responded to criticism of her effort to keep the people separated, by civil-rights leader
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journalist, welfare worker and self-taught anthropologist who conducted fieldwork amongst several Indigenous nations in western and southern Australia. Some of the
289:. Bates seems to have then been dismissed from her position. Possibly motivated by humiliation and a desire to start anew, Bates planned to emigrate to Australia.
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She was not an anthropologist but she knew them better than anyone else who ever lived; and she made them interesting not only to herself but to us as well.
543:] in relation to women". Shortly after 1900 began, Jack Bates left for Ethel Creek Station; Daisy followed in March, leaving Arnold in boarding school.
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643:. Before returning to the desert, she gave lectures in Adelaide, which aroused the interests of several women's organisations. During her years at
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623:. Bates continued her work independently, financing it by selling her cattle station. The same year she became the first woman to be appointed as
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She found a Catholic boarding school in Perth for her son, Arnold, and organised for him to stay with another family. She became involved in the
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312:" After arriving in Townsville on 15 January 1883, Bates's whereabouts for the next year is unclear. It is known that Bates was in
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1981:
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Bates stayed at Eucla until 1914, when she travelled to Adelaide, Melbourne, and Sydney to attend the Science Congress of the
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Blackburn gives Daisy's age as being eighteen. More recent work by de Vries has found that Daisy was in fact a year older.
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Philip George Gipps died after being thrown from his horse 19 February 1884. No mention of him being related to Governor
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for some time, before returning once again to London. There she found a job working for journalist and social campaigner
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1951:
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The encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander history, society and culture - Volume 1
720:(RSL), in an effort to reach him. Her son was living in New Zealand but refused to have anything to do with his mother.
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860:'s 1941 painting of Bates shows her sitting at a desk sorting through correspondence. The portrait now hangs in the
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555:. She developed a lifelong interest in the lives and welfare of Aboriginal people in Western and South Australia.
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for some period of time before November 1883, as a coroner's inquest report into the death/suicide of a man named
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410:. She developed an active social life among London's well-connected and bohemian literary and political milieu.
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1144:. Canberra: Aboriginal studies press, Australian institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander studies.
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989:
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421:
2333:
Digital Daisy Bates â a project in the School of Languages and Linguistics at The University of Melbourne
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The son of a past employer in London and who she had been rejected as a bride for. See under 'Early life'
870:
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1864:
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take over as householder. Bates (now nine years old) and her eldest sister, Kathleen, were sent to the
141:, possible bigamous marriage to John (Jack) Bates and definite bigamous marriage to Ernest C. Baglehole
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ethnological expedition to study into Western Australian marriage customs. She was appointed a "
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offering to investigate the accusations, and report the results to them. Her offer was accepted.
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2299:
Daisy Bates â Guide to the papers at the National Library of Australia (including the rare maps)
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On 9 February 1894, Bates returned to England for free by taking a job as a stewardess aboard
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By the end of 1884, Bates had found employment as a governess and maid on a small property in
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more broadly. Her work is considered to be an unrivaled source of ethnographic data on the
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781:(Perth), Bates advocated a "woman patrol" to prevent the movement of Aboriginals from the
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406:. Despite her sceptical views, she worked as an assistant editor on the psychic quarterly
313:
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and planned for him to stay with his paternal grandmother during the summer holidays at
350:. It was here she met Jack Bates on Christmas Eve, the eldest son of her employer and a
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1933:
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By the beginning of 1884, Bates had found employment as a governess on Fanning Downs
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After her father and stepmother left for the US, Bates went to the poor school at
1624:
Australian Dictionary of Biography: 'Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred Reginald (1881â1955)
1402:
2337:
912:
701:
446:
403:
381:
1985:. Vol. XXIII, no. 1, 158. Western Australia. 7 March 1908. p. 15
1940:. (Perth, WA : 1902 - 1954): via National Library of Australia. p. 8.
690:, where she pitched her tent and set up her typewriter. In 1938, she published
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Bates became interested in the Aboriginal Australians for their own cultures.
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277:. She stayed there until she was nineteen, likely working as a pupil-teacher.
1977:
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1114:"The History Listen: The sands of Ooldea: Part 2 Kabbarli on Apple Podcasts"
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them to threaten police when she caught them mistreating "her" Aboriginals.
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shows Bates standing in a barren outback landscape. It was acquired by the
2304:
Daisy May Bates â Guide to records at the South Australian Museum Archives
2289:"Seven Sisters" â includes a collection of quotes by and about Daisy Bates
1878:
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1655:. No. 28, 724. New South Wales, Australia. 27 January 1930. p. 2
310:...Catholic girls of 'good character' aged between fifteen and twenty-one.
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Daisy Bates â A list of her papers held by University of Adelaide Library
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672:. At the age of seventy-one, she still walked every day to her office at
655:
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and other areas for geographical society journals, local newspapers, and
368:
Bates's only child, Arnold Hamilton Bates, was born on 26 August 1886 in
915:. Her involvement with the Aboriginal people is the basis for the 1983
2342:
The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia
1759:. The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1950). 4 July 1949. p. 7
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in South Australia. She was noted for her strict lifelong adherence to
471: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
399:
387:. Before leaving she enrolled her son in a Catholic boarding school in
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78:
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1303:"'You would have loved her for her lore': the letters of Daisy Bates"
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27:
Irish-Australian journalist known for her work with Aboriginal People
2211:
Tales told to Kabbarli: Aboriginal legends collected by Daisy Bates
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Bates died on 18 April 1951, aged 91. She was buried at Adelaide's
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from Broome to Perth. It provided good material for her articles.
1621:
Ian Hogbin (1988). "Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown (1881â1955)".
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with enough money to buy the lease for a large plot of land named
392:
357:
Bates also married Ernest Baglehole that year on 10 June 1885, at
343:
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154:
1737:. No. 3720. Victoria, Australia. 14 January 1939. p. 34
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to advise on Aboriginal affairs. The next year she was created a
2004:
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After 1912, her application to become the Northern Territory's
508:, where a dictionary of the local language was being compiled.
1627:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University
1378:
Daisy Bates in the Desert: A Woman's Life Among the Aborigines
539:
440:
424:. As Bates was preparing to return to Australia, she wrote to
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In August 1933, the Commonwealth Government invited Bates to
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1542:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing. p. 56.
1440:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing. p. 54.
818:
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1407:. Canberra: National Library of Australia. pp. 19â20.
244:
Bates was born as Margaret May O'Dwyer in October 1859, in
2319:
816:
She was appointed an honorary corresponding member of the
1504:. New South Wales, Australia. 29 February 1884. p. 2
327:, 40 kilometres (25 mi) outside of Charters Towers.
420:
about the cruelty of Western Australian settlers to the
1683:. New South Wales, Australia. 27 August 1937. p. 2
1501:
The Armidale Express and New England General Advertiser
1015:. Vol. 7. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
166:
Bates on a railway station platform in Australia, 1934
1249:
Desert Queen: The Many Lives and Loves of Daisy Bates
1084:
Ngaanyatjarra and Ngaatjatjarra to English Dictionary
584:
meetings. In 1910â11, she accompanied anthropologist
280:
After leaving school, Bates was employed as a family
1533:
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526:. The source of this great sum of money is unknown.
588:, later a full professor, and writer and biologist
320:includes a suicide note that was intended for her.
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134:
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60:
41:
836:There is a collaborative Internet project by the
607:Bates and a group of Aboriginal women, circa 1911
522:, several hundred cattle, and a block of land in
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2214:. Retold by Barbara Ker Wilson. Illustrated by
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2143:Ballet in Australia: the Second Act, 1940-1980
731:Involvement with Australian Aboriginal Peoples
293:Emigration and life in Australia: 1882 to 1894
1757:"Aborigines Friend Daisy Bates Seeks Her Son"
1296:
1294:
823:In 1934 she was appointed a Commander of the
8:
811:Royal Anthropological Society of Australasia
789:, Aboriginal. He said that part-Aboriginal,
696:which asserted that there were practices of
660:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
2328:, lithograph (1983) by Susan Dorothea White
1575:. Canberra: National Library of Australia.
878:. An episode in her life was the basis for
398:After arriving in London, she went home to
1993:– via National Library of Australia.
1745:– via National Library of Australia.
1691:– via National Library of Australia.
1663:– via National Library of Australia.
1512:– via National Library of Australia.
1471:"Daisy Bates & Harry 'Breaker' Morant"
743:of the 1973 edition of Bate's book, said:
641:Association for the Advancement of Science
216:, and as "that poor old lady at Ooldea".
181:; 16 October 1859 â 18 April 1951) was an
49:
38:
718:Returned and Services League of Australia
487:Learn how and when to remove this message
809:In 1907 she was elected a Fellow of the
229:Aboriginal cultures of Western Australia
30:For other people named Daisy Bates, see
2417:British emigrants to colonial Australia
1064:
935:
895:represented Bates in two dance dramas,
297:On the 22 November 1882, Bates boarded
271:Free National School for Catholic Girls
1964:
1943:
1573:The native tribes of Western Australia
1522:
804:Royal Geographical Society (Melbourne)
2407:20th-century Australian women writers
2402:19th-century Australian women writers
2097:Nolan, Sidney | Daisy Bates at Ooldea
1404:Daisy Bates: Grand Dame of the Desert
359:St Stephen's Anglican Church, Newtown
7:
2121:. Sydney, New South Wales. p. 8
2059:Trove: National Library of Australia
2055:"Remembered by a painting she liked"
1571:Bates, Daisy; White, Isobel (1985).
1380:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
469:adding citations to reliable sources
2326:The Ghost of Kabbarli (Daisy Bates)
1072:Australian Women Biographical entry
1012:Australian Dictionary of Biography
802:Bates was elected a member of the
631:. She spent sixteen years there.
25:
1540:Breaker Morant: The Final Roundup
1438:Breaker Morant: The Final Roundup
1082:Glass, A. and D. Hackett, (2003)
221:History of Indigenous Australians
2377:Australian women anthropologists
2253:
1538:West, Joe; Roper, Roger (2016).
1436:West, Joe; Roper, Roger (2016).
712:In 1948, she tried, through the
625:Honorary Protector of Aborigines
445:
200:"grandmother." In the 1970's in
193:people referred to Bates by the
2412:20th-century Australian writers
2174:Anderson, Don (29 April 1972).
1978:"Mrs. Daisy M. Bates, F.R.A.S."
1345:The Australian Women's Register
901:Portrait of a Lady with the CBE
456:needs additional citations for
376:Return to England: 1894 to 1899
2387:Burials at North Road Cemetery
2077:Art Gallery of South Australia
1272:Jones, Philip (5 March 2008).
1017:Australian National University
1007:"Bates, Daisy May (1863â1951)"
862:Art Gallery of South Australia
139:Harry Harbord 'Breaker' Morant
1:
2218:Angus and Robertson, Sydney.
2208:Ker Wilson, Barbara. (1972)
2101:National Gallery of Australia
1932:Bates, Daisy (12 June 1921).
1906:The Passing of the Aborigines
1866:The Passing of the Aborigines
1834:The Passing of the Aborigines
1784:The Passing of the Aborigines
1707:The Passing of the Aborigines
1307:Australian Aboriginal Studies
1251:. Harper Collins Publishers.
985:The Passing of the Aborigines
876:National Gallery of Australia
838:National Library of Australia
693:The Passing of the Aborigines
619:was rejected on the basis of
2372:Australian women journalists
2338:Bates, Daisy May (1859â1951)
2103:. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
1469:Maloney, Shane (June 2007).
1086:, Alice Springs, IAD Press.
511:She arrived in Perth aboard
32:Daisy Bates (disambiguation)
2320:Project Gutenberg Australia
2129:– via Newspapers.com.
825:Order of the British Empire
797:Recognition and memberships
250:under British colonial rule
121:Nailsworth, South Australia
2433:
2397:Irish women travel writers
2382:Australian anthropologists
2113:R.R. (12 September 1964).
1729:"Latest in the Book Shops"
1247:de Vries, Susanna (2008).
783:Central Australian Reserve
29:
2309:28 September 2007 at the
2119:The Sydney Morning Herald
2115:"Program of Four Ballets"
1652:The Sydney Morning Herald
1376:Blackburn, Julia (1995).
1005:Wright, R. V. S. (1979).
204:, she was referred to as
102:Adelaide, South Australia
48:
2275:Flinders Ranges Research
2229:Lomas, Brian D. (2015).
2176:"Daisy Bates, superstar"
1950:: CS1 maint: location (
1934:"New Aboriginal Reserve"
1596:Lomas, Brian D. (2015).
2367:Amateur anthropologists
2233:. Amazon. p. 279.
2146:. OUP. pp. 71â73.
2073:"Marjorie Gwynne works"
842:University of Melbourne
617:Protector of Aborigines
318:Arnold Knight Colquhoun
18:Daisy Bates (Australia)
1911:University of Adelaide
1138:Horton, David (1994).
990:University of Adelaide
891:(1964). Choreographer
757:
751:Moorehead also wrote:
749:
608:
586:Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
561:Journal of Agriculture
422:Aboriginal Australians
248:, Ireland when it was
167:
159:
2140:Pask, Edward (1982).
982:(17 December 2014) .
920:The Ghost of Kabbarli
871:Daisy Bates at Ooldea
849:and South Australia.
845:some of those in the
606:
165:
158:
149:Arnold Hamilton Bates
2316:Works by Daisy Bates
1903:(17 December 2014).
1401:Reece, Bob (2007a).
1301:Reece, Bob (2007b).
1274:"Native Entitlement"
924:Susan Dorothea White
598:Travelling Protector
465:improve this article
179:Margaret May O'Dwyer
2392:People from Roscrea
2034:Digital Daisy Bates
2009:Digital Daisy Bates
2005:"Technical details"
1909:. South Australia:
1871:G. P. Putnam's Sons
1861:Daisy Bates, C.B.E.
1703:Daisy Bates, C.B.E.
988:. South Australia:
880:Margaret Sutherland
725:North Road Cemetery
520:Ethel Creek Station
432:Return to Australia
117:North Road Cemetery
2258:Works by or about
2231:Queen of Deception
1675:"My Natives and I"
1598:Queen of Deception
1341:"Bates, Daisy May"
972:General references
897:Colonial portraits
888:The Young Kabbarli
853:In popular culture
847:Northern Territory
609:
590:E. L. Grant Watson
285:descendant of the
225:Australian history
168:
160:
2240:978-0-646-94238-4
1967:, pp. 89â90.
1798:978-0-671-78276-4
1607:978-0-646-94238-4
1549:978-1-44-565965-7
1447:978-1-44-565965-7
1414:978-0-64-227654-4
1026:978-0-522-84459-7
903:(1971). In 1972,
868:'s 1950 painting
497:
496:
489:
437:Western Australia
389:Campbelltown, NSW
153:
152:
65:Daisy May O'Dwyer
16:(Redirected from
2424:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2257:
2244:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2171:
2165:
2164:
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2137:
2131:
2130:
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2110:
2104:
2094:
2088:
2087:
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2069:
2063:
2062:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
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2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
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1949:
1941:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1857:
1851:
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1825:
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1775:
1769:
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1766:
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1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1680:The Nowra Leader
1671:
1665:
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1662:
1660:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1618:
1612:
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1520:
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1509:
1492:
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1426:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1373:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1326:The Free Library
1323:
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1289:
1288:
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1284:
1269:
1263:
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1244:
1163:
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1158:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
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1095:
1080:
1074:
1069:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1001:
965:
962:
956:
949:
943:
940:
832:Digital database
669:My Natives and I
492:
485:
481:
478:
472:
449:
441:
261:, also in 1864.
246:County Tipperary
183:Irish-Australian
97:
83:County Tipperary
74:
72:
53:
39:
21:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2423:
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2421:
2347:
2346:
2311:Wayback Machine
2279:
2277:
2269:
2251:
2241:
2228:
2205:
2203:Further reading
2200:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2122:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1942:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1899:
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1859:
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1827:
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1727:
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1722:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1647:"Our Cannibals"
1645:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1550:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1496:"District News"
1494:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1448:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1415:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1388:
1375:
1374:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1319:
1317:
1300:
1299:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1246:
1245:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1098:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1027:
1004:
978:
974:
969:
968:
963:
959:
950:
946:
941:
937:
932:
858:Marjorie Gwynne
855:
834:
799:
764:, including at
762:Nullarbor Plain
733:
714:Australian Army
710:
637:
635:South Australia
565:anthropological
535:Dr Roberta Jull
531:Karrakatta Club
493:
482:
476:
473:
462:
450:
439:
434:
378:
314:Charters Towers
295:
242:
237:
171:Daisy May Bates
108:
99:
95:
86:
76:
75:16 October 1859
70:
68:
67:
66:
56:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2430:
2428:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2335:
2330:
2322:
2313:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2250:
2249:External links
2247:
2246:
2245:
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2226:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2166:
2152:
2132:
2105:
2089:
2064:
2046:
2021:
1996:
1969:
1957:
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1357:
1331:
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1264:
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1118:Apple Podcasts
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821:
814:
807:
798:
795:
787:William Harris
737:Alan Moorehead
732:
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709:
706:
675:The Advertiser
649:Ernestine Hill
636:
633:
533:where she met
495:
494:
453:
451:
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377:
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329:Breaker Morant
325:Cattle Station
304:, en route to
294:
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223:as well as in
151:
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98:(aged 91)
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2276:
2272:
2271:"Daisy Bates"
2268:
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2216:Harold Thomas
2213:
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2181:
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2167:
2155:
2153:9780195542943
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1973:
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1966:
1965:Reece (2007a)
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1939:
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1824:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1785:
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1774:
1771:
1758:
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1724:
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1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1698:
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1682:
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1564:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1525:, p. 21.
1524:
1523:Reece (2007a)
1519:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1453:
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1432:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1387:0-679-42001-0
1383:
1379:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1346:
1342:
1339:Land, Clare.
1335:
1332:
1327:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1279:
1275:
1268:
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1258:9780732282431
1254:
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1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
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1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
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1183:
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1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
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1169:
1165:
1153:
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1143:
1142:
1134:
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1115:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1092:1-86465-053-2
1089:
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939:
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927:
925:
921:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
893:Margaret Barr
890:
889:
885:
884:chamber opera
881:
877:
873:
872:
867:
863:
859:
852:
850:
848:
843:
839:
831:
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808:
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748:
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715:
707:
705:
703:
699:
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689:
685:
679:
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671:
670:
665:
664:King George V
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
634:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
605:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:Royal Society
577:
573:
570:
566:
563:and later by
562:
556:
554:
550:
544:
542:
541:
536:
532:
527:
525:
521:
517:
516:
509:
507:
503:
491:
488:
480:
477:December 2023
470:
466:
460:
459:
454:This section
452:
448:
443:
442:
436:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
418:
411:
409:
405:
401:
396:
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383:
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366:
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321:
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307:
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278:
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267:
262:
260:
255:
251:
247:
239:
234:
232:
230:
226:
222:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
196:
195:courtesy name
192:
191:Ngaatjatjarra
188:
187:Ngaanyatjarra
184:
180:
176:
172:
164:
157:
148:
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
113:Resting place
111:
107:
103:
94:18 April 1951
93:
89:
84:
80:
63:
59:
55:Bates in 1936
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2341:
2325:
2278:. Retrieved
2274:
2252:
2230:
2209:
2188:. Retrieved
2183:
2180:The Bulletin
2179:
2169:
2157:. Retrieved
2142:
2135:
2123:. Retrieved
2118:
2108:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2008:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1982:Western Mail
1980:
1972:
1960:
1938:Sunday Times
1937:
1927:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1869:. New York:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1789:Pocket Books
1787:. New York:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1734:Weekly Times
1732:
1723:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1685:. Retrieved
1678:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1650:
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1623:
1616:
1597:
1591:
1572:
1566:
1539:
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1499:
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1474:
1464:
1437:
1431:
1403:
1396:
1377:
1348:. Retrieved
1344:
1334:
1324:– via
1318:. Retrieved
1309:(1): 51â70.
1306:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1267:
1248:
1155:. Retrieved
1140:
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:
1083:
1078:
1067:
1046:. Retrieved
1010:
984:
979:
960:
953:George Gipps
947:
938:
919:
908:
900:
899:(1957), and
896:
886:
869:
866:Sidney Nolan
856:
835:
779:Sunday Times
778:
775:
758:
754:
750:
746:
734:
722:
711:
691:
688:Murray River
680:
673:
667:
653:
638:
624:
616:
614:
610:
578:
574:
569:geographical
560:
557:
552:
549:Port Hedland
545:
538:
528:
514:
510:
498:
483:
474:
463:Please help
458:verification
455:
425:
415:
412:
407:
397:
384:
379:
367:
356:
341:
337:
333:
322:
317:
309:
300:
296:
279:
263:
258:
254:tuberculosis
243:
218:
213:
209:
205:
197:
178:
170:
169:
96:(1951-04-18)
36:
2362:1951 deaths
2357:1859 births
2280:17 December
2260:Daisy Bates
1901:Daisy Bates
1839:John Murray
1829:Daisy Bates
1779:Daisy Bates
1475:The Monthly
1350:15 December
1157:16 December
1048:19 February
980:Daisy Bates
913:Lauris Elms
909:Daisy Bates
813:(F.R.A.S.).
708:Final years
702:infanticide
698:cannibalism
408:Borderlands
404:W. T. Stead
382:barquentine
43:Daisy Bates
2351:Categories
2264:Wikisource
2224:0207123004
2186:(4802): 41
2082:19 January
2039:26 January
2014:26 January
1919:Q128080416
1887:Q128041316
1847:Q128090062
1815:Q128096559
1763:27 January
1741:19 October
1687:19 October
1600:. Amazon.
1582:0642993335
1151:0855752491
1059:References
998:Q128080416
917:lithograph
791:mixed-race
678:building.
502:Beagle Bay
306:Townsville
240:Early life
208:, meaning
130:Journalist
127:Occupation
71:1859-10-16
2190:30 August
1989:1 January
1946:cite news
1807:46883285M
1715:Q42194072
1659:24 August
1631:24 August
1558:976033815
1508:24 August
1456:976033815
1423:212893816
1315:0729-4352
1035:1833-7538
907:screened
770:Edwardian
739:, in the
594:Cambridge
553:The Times
524:Fremantle
426:The Times
417:The Times
385:Macquarie
363:Zealandia
299:RMS
287:Rose Clan
282:governess
235:Biography
135:Spouse(s)
106:Australia
85:, Ireland
2307:Archived
1915:Wikidata
1883:Wikidata
1863:(1939).
1843:Wikidata
1831:(1966).
1811:Wikidata
1781:(1973).
1711:Wikidata
1705:(1938).
1043:70677943
994:Wikidata
840:and the
741:foreword
656:Canberra
513:SS
370:Bathurst
259:en route
198:Kabbarli
146:Children
1480:19 June
1320:19 June
1283:19 June
1123:30 July
686:on the
515:Stugart
504:, near
400:Roscrea
266:Roscrea
79:Roscrea
2237:
2222:
2150:
1917:
1885:
1879:832094
1877:
1845:
1813:
1805:
1795:
1713:
1604:
1579:
1556:
1546:
1454:
1444:
1421:
1411:
1384:
1313:
1255:
1148:
1090:
1041:
1033:
1023:
996:
905:ABC TV
827:(CBE).
766:Ooldea
645:Ooldea
621:gender
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