51:
795:, was Yongyan's primary spouse whereas his elder brother was born to Yongyan's concubine. Mianning was favored by his grandfather, the Qianlong Emperor. He frequently accompanied his grandfather on hunting trips. On one such trip, at the age of nine, Mianning successfully hunted a deer, which greatly amused the Qianlong Emperor. The emperor would abdicate five years after that incident, in 1796, when Mianning was 14. Mianning’s father Prince Yongyan was then enthroned as the Jiaqing Emperor, after which he made Lady Hitara (Mianning's mother) his empress consort. The elderly Qianlong would live three more years in retirement before dying in 1799, aged 87, when Mianning was 17.
693:
1217:
835:
945:
1178:
2979:
2290:
815:
1136:. The Daoguang Emperor failed to understand the intention or determination of the Europeans, or the basic economics of a war on drugs. Although the Europeans were outnumbered and thousands of miles away from logistical support in their native countries, they could bring far superior firepower to bear at any point of contact along the Chinese coast. The Qing government was highly dependent on the continued flow of taxes from southern China via the
1064:
615:
2749:
2304:
1029:
2318:
850:
In
September 1820, at the age of 38, Mianning inherited the throne after the Jiaqing Emperor died suddenly of unknown causes. He became the first Qing emperor who was the eldest legitimate son of his father. Now known as the Daoguang Emperor, he inherited a declining empire with Westerners
1151:
that
Britain and Western Europe had undergone, preferring to turn a blind eye to the rest of the world, though the distance from China to Europe most likely played a part. It was said that the emperor did not even know where Britain was located in the world. His 30-year reign saw rising
980:; the executions were carried out on 10 August by Chinese officials. The Chinese defeat in the war exposed Qing China's technological and military inferiority to European powers, which led China in being forced to cede Hong Kong to the British in the
50:
683:
characterizes the
Daoguang Emperor as a "well meaning but ineffective man" who promoted officials who "presented a purist view even if they had nothing to say about the domestic and foreign problems surrounding the dynasty".
941:, but was limited to approximately 200 chests annually. By the time of the Qianlong era, this amount had increased to 1,000 chests, 4,000 chests by the Jiaqing era and more than 30,000 chests during the Daoguang era.
887:
had all fallen to the rebels. After a friend betrayed him in March 1827, Khoja was sent to
Beijing in an iron litter and subsequently executed, while the Qing Empire regained control of their lost territory. The
3072:
3103:
3036:
3068:
2733:
3115:
787:. Even though he was Yongyan's second son, he was first in line after Prince Yongyan to his grandfather's throne. This was because according to the
2848:
2728:
2655:. Uses transcripts of imperial audiences to present Daoguang as more a victim of circumstances than the bumbling administrator in many accounts.
3441:
2331:
3052:
1216:
692:
3436:
2444:
3024:
3020:
2857:
2804:
660:
58:
3012:
2386:
3096:
3461:
2978:
834:
2696:
2682:
2604:
2581:
2560:
2238:
1434:
1107:
1016:
gave
Christian books to Chinese people in 1835 and 1836, the Daoguang Emperor demanded to know who were the "traitorous natives" in
3016:
3008:
1172:
965:
772:, who thought it was inappropriate to use a common character in the emperor's private name due to the longstanding practice of
3089:
2630:
1074:
984:
in August 1842, and also pay a hefty indemnity which left the treasury desperate for funds. Meanwhile, in the
Himalayas, the
1156:, sectarian instability and foreign interventions which would eventually lead to the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911.
964:. With China losing the war, Lin Zexu was made a scapegoat. The Daoguang Emperor removed his authority and banished him to
944:
3048:
916:
3466:
1159:
The
Daoguang Emperor was interred in the Mu (慕; lit. "Longing" or "Admiration") mausoleum complex, which is part of the
2841:
1177:
1153:
937:, which was imported into China by British merchants. Opium had started to trickle into China during the reign of the
2753:
1128:, being the last Qing emperor to pass away in that Palace before it was burnt down by Anglo-French troops during the
2273:
1028:
855:, "Daoguang", means "radiant path". The Daoguang Emperor had been ruling for six years when the exiled heir to the
2541:
Life Among the
Chinese: With Characteristic Sketches and Incidents of Missionary Operations and Prospects in China
952:
The
Daoguang Emperor issued many imperial edicts banning opium in the 1820s and 1830s, which were carried out by
628:
2625:. Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1996.
3000:
2264:
1619:
1089:
1001:
632:
814:
2633:. Shows the Daoguang Emperor in a competent and effective mode when dealing with a crisis early in his reign.
3456:
3451:
3446:
3374:
2992:
1716:
1085:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3044:
3040:
3032:
2996:
2834:
1004:
had been added to the statute called "Prohibitions
Concerning Sorcerers and Sorceresses" (禁止師巫邪術) in the
3289:
3212:
3028:
3004:
2988:
2703:
2509:
1877:
1591:
1414:
1352:
1289:
1266:
1198:
1182:
1148:
1005:
312:
256:
231:
206:
3359:
968:. During the war, the Daoguang Emperor ordered 187 British and Indian prisoners of war held captive in
1468:
Married Dehui (德徽) of the Manchu Bolod clan in December 1859/January 1860 and had issue (one daughter)
1132:, a decade later. He was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Yizhu, who was later enthroned as the
3431:
3426:
2717:
2251:
475:
3329:
3309:
3294:
3264:
3259:
3217:
1451:
321:
1573:
1445:
1313:
1254:
1233:
1229:
1186:
1137:
868:
338:
317:
181:
3369:
3177:
2637:
2127:
1962:
1521:
1202:
1160:
798:
In 1813, while he was still a prince, Mianning also played a vital role in repelling and killing
792:
680:
507:
399:
163:
3354:
3299:
3284:
3207:
3182:
3172:
2396:
3405:
3135:
2933:
2692:
2678:
2626:
2600:
2577:
2556:
2440:
2336:
1819:
1565:
1121:
981:
973:
969:
938:
856:
676:
593:
585:
280:
147:
3395:
3081:
2722:
2623:
Controlling from Afar: The Daoguang Emperor's Management of the Grand Canal Crisis, 1824–1826
3269:
3202:
3140:
3127:
2953:
2938:
2818:
2808:
2659:
2648:
2323:
1845:
1357:
1340:
1225:
1190:
1133:
1129:
977:
852:
784:
769:
550:
527:
294:
86:
31:
3400:
2638:"Views of the Realm in Crisis: Testimonies on Imperial Audiences in the Nineteenth Century"
2510:"Western Qing Tombs, a quiet place to pay tribute to history[1]- Chinadaily.com.cn"
904:
3390:
3145:
2963:
2958:
2943:
2923:
2901:
2797:
1903:
961:
928:
780:
672:
636:
622:
497:
454:
431:
411:
390:
371:
76:
571:
2539:
671:. His reign was marked by "external disaster and internal rebellion". These include the
3254:
2928:
2663:
2309:
1705:
1693:
908:
876:
860:
823:
803:
799:
701:
125:
3420:
3197:
2670:
The only biography of the Daoguang Emperor; written by a missionary and contemporary.
2593:
1674:
1009:
989:
843:
838:
The Daoguang Emperor is presented with prisoners of the campaign to pacify rebels in
819:
421:
Xiaotian Fuyun Lizhong Tizheng Zhiwen Shengwu Zhiyong Renci Jianqin Xiaomin Kuanding
3238:
3187:
3112:
2909:
2905:
2898:
changed the dynastic name to "Great Qing" in 1636 and claimed the title of emperor.
2891:
2861:
2295:
1603:
1479:
788:
773:
756:) when he became emperor. The first character of his private name was changed from
668:
664:
557:
487:
327:
288:
3319:
1012:
and Catholicism, since the law mentioned the latter by name, but after Protestant
2571:
2550:
2434:
1542:
of the Second Rank (壽禧和碩公主; 7 January 1842 – 10 September 1866), eighth daughter
3349:
3344:
3339:
3304:
3222:
3163:
2768:
1408:
1221:
1194:
1147:
The Daoguang Emperor ultimately had a poor understanding of the British and the
985:
884:
649:
445:
308:
2826:
2552:
Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864
3364:
3324:
2918:
2895:
2882:
2285:
2259:
1659:
1641:
of the Second Rank (壽臧和碩公主; 15 November 1829 – 9 August 1856), fifth daughter
1013:
960:. Lin Zexu's efforts to halt the spread of opium in China led directly to the
897:
303:
3334:
3279:
3274:
3192:
2391:
2246:
1753:
1710:
1698:
1597:
1495:
1400:
1141:
1017:
957:
333:
2721:
1776:
1679:
1526:
1310:
of the First Rank (端順固倫公主; 8 April 1825 – 27 December 1835), third daughter
933:
During the Daoguang Emperor's reign, China experienced major problems with
2748:
1465:
of the First Rank (壽莊固倫公主; 24 March 1842 – 11 March 1884), ninth daughter
1396:
of the First Rank (壽恩固倫公主; 20 January 1831 – 15 May 1859), sixth daughter
1281:
of the First Rank (端憫固倫公主; 29 July 1813 – 7 December 1819), first daughter
1360:
1327:
1271:
953:
864:
839:
2652:
1008:. Protestants hoped that the Qing government would discriminate between
17:
2877:
1645:
1625:
1578:
1546:
1389:
of the Second Rank (慧質郡王; 2 December 1829 – 22 January 1830), third son
1324:
1294:
1259:
1125:
1047:
912:
889:
872:
705:
482:
470:
151:
129:
1373:
of the Second Rank (順和郡王; 22 November 1826 – 5 March 1827), second son
1654:
893:
880:
299:
1092:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
3314:
1490:
1215:
1176:
1027:
943:
934:
833:
813:
691:
2675:
The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions
1721:(豫嬪) of the Shang clan (尚氏; 20 December 1816 – 24 September 1897)
2968:
1474:
900:
3085:
2830:
2459:
1612:
of the Second Rank (隱志郡王; 16 May 1808 – 23 May 1831), first son
768:. This novelty was introduced by his grandfather, the reigning
1569:(佳貴妃) of the Gogiya clan (郭佳氏; 21 November 1816 – 24 May 1890)
1439:
1057:
1000:
In 1811, a clause sentencing Europeans to death for spreading
2436:
Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Launched Modern China
1746:(貴人) of the Li clan (李氏; 25 November 1827 – 26 March 1872)
948:
Destruction of Chinese war junks during the First Opium War
1323:
Married Demchüghjab (德穆楚克扎布; ? – 1865) of the Mongol
1140:, which the British expeditionary force easily cut off at
1036:
The Daoguang Emperor granted the title of "Wujing Boshi" (
648:(16 September 1782 – 26 February 1850), also known by his
988:
attempted an occupation of Tibet but was defeated in the
2872:
Later Jin rulers posthumously regarded as Qing emperors
1545:
Married Jalafungga (扎拉豐阿; ? – 1898) of the Manchu
1320:(壽安固倫公主; 12 May 1826 – 24 March 1860), fourth daughter
1081:
1458:(醇賢親王; 16 October 1840 – 1 January 1891), seventh son
1120:
The Daoguang Emperor died on 26 February 1850 at the
976:
in 1842 in retaliation for the Chinese defeat at the
679:
which nearly brought down the dynasty. The historian
590:
576:
562:
1762:(定貴人) of the Sun clan (孫氏; ? – 24 January 1843)
1486:(鐘端郡王; 14 March 1844 – 17 December 1868), eighth son
3383:
3247:
3231:
3159:
3125:
1502:(孚敬郡王; 15 November 1845 – 22 March 1877), ninth son
956:, whom he appointed as an Imperial Commissioner to
584:
570:
556:
549:
544:
526:
517:
503:
493:
481:
469:
444:
410:
382:
363:
279:
170:
157:
135:
109:
105:
97:
92:
82:
72:
64:
57:
39:
2677:(Berkeley: University of Californian Press, 2001)
2592:
2395:(in Chinese (China)). 15 June 2012. Archived from
1666:(惇勤親王; 23 July 1831 – 18 February 1889), fifth son
1644:Married Enchong (恩崇; ? – 1864) of the Manchu
818:The Daoguang Emperor inspecting his guards at the
1740:(平貴人) of the Zhao clan (趙氏; ? – 5 May 1823)
1421:(恭忠親王; 11 January 1833 – 29 May 1898), sixth son
1344:(咸豐帝; 17 July 1831 – 22 August 1861), fourth son
871:. By the end of 1826, the former Qing cities of
388:Daoguang (道光): 3 February 1821 – 31 January 1851
1727:(恆嬪) of the Cai clan (蔡氏; ? – 28 May 1876)
1399:Married Jingshou (景壽; 1829–1889) of the Manchu
3097:
2842:
532:
8:
2387:"Zhuozhou Celebrity — Lu Kun (涿州名人-卢坤)"
30:"Minning" redirects here. For the town, see
1628:(鈕祜祿氏; 9 February 1808 – 15 February 1861)
1442:(烏雅氏; 29 November 1822 – 13 December 1866)
851:encroaching upon the borders of China. His
3104:
3090:
3082:
2849:
2835:
2827:
2759:
1801:
1792:(劉官女子) of the Liu clan (劉氏; ? – 1843)
1756:(輝發那拉氏; 5 August 1825 – 9 September 1865)
667:, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over
541:
36:
2665:Life of Taou-Kwang, Late Emperor of China
2496:Qin ding da Qing hui dian (Jiaqing chao)0
1297:(鈕祜祿氏; 24 March 1808 – 13 February 1840)
1108:Learn how and when to remove this message
764:to avoid the relatively common character
2734:United States Government Printing Office
2373:
1363:(博爾濟吉特氏; 19 June 1812 – 21 August 1855)
2354:
752:
728:
633:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
246: 1821; died 1840)
221: 1809; died 1833)
196: 1796; died 1808)
3173:Prince Li ** Prince Xun ** Prince Kang
2482:
2470:
2361:
2332:Family tree of Chinese monarchs (late)
2033:
2029:
2019:
1920:
1810:
1806:
1682:(赫舍里氏; 31 December 1808 – 10 May 1860)
1529:(舒穆魯氏; 3 June 1817 – 9 November 1875)
592:
514:
360:
2544:. New York, NY: Carlton & Porter.
2417:
2187:
2184:
2174:
2162:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2132:
2126:
2116:
2103:
2093:
2089:
2077:
2074:
2064:
2051:
2041:
2037:
2016:
2006:
1993:
1983:
1979:
1967:
1961:
1951:
1938:
1928:
1924:
1908:
1902:
1892:
1876:
1866:
1862:
1850:
1844:
1834:
1818:
1814:
1701:(富察氏; 15 April 1789 – 21 August 1845)
700:The Daoguang Emperor was born in the
352:Princess Shouzhuang of the First Rank
7:
3232:Demoted but non-downgrading peerages
2729:Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period
2691:, Wan Yi, Wang Shuqing, Lu Yanzhen.
2428:
2426:
1713:(那拉氏; 21 March 1809 – 11 April 1868)
917:leading a rebellion against the Qing
343:Princess Shouzang of the Second Rank
1581:(鈕祜祿氏; 10 March 1813 – 10 May 1888)
1181:From top to bottom, left to right:
328:Prince Zhongduan of the Second Rank
1274:(佟佳氏; 5 July 1792 – 16 June 1833)
1032:Photograph of the Daoguang Emperor
1020:who had supplied them with books.
708:, in 1782, and was given the name
349:Princess Shouxi of the Second Rank
346:Princess Shou'en of the First Rank
339:Princess Shou'an of the First Rank
313:Prince Gongzhong of the First Rank
291:, Prince Yinzhi of the Second Rank
27:Emperor of China from 1820 to 1850
25:
2239:The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty
1435:Imperial Noble Consort Zhuangshun
1124:, 8 km/5 miles northwest of
696:The Daoguang Emperor in his study
322:Prince Chunxian of the First Rank
68:3 October 1820 – 26 February 1850
2977:
2747:
2689:Daily life in the Forbidden City
2668:. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
2439:. Random House. pp. 6, 22.
2316:
2302:
2288:
1535:(30 July 1840 – 27 January 1845)
1173:Consorts of the Daoguang Emperor
1062:
613:
334:Prince Fujing of the Second Rank
49:
1634:(2 March 1825 – 27 August 1825)
1557:(4 May 1844 – 26 February 1845)
1262:(鈕祜祿氏; 1781 – 17 February 1808)
1163:, 120 km southwest of Beijing.
783:, the 15th son and heir of the
779:Mianning was the second son of
304:Prince Dunqin of the First Rank
268:
243:
218:
193:
3198:Prince Chengze (Prince Zhuang)
2538:Maclay, Robert Samuel (1861).
1600:(輝發那拉氏; ? – 18 May 1836)
1403:in May/June 1845 and had issue
1042:
1037:
746:
741:
737:
722:
717:
713:
591:
577:
563:
533:
1:
3442:19th-century Chinese monarchs
3037:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
2555:. Stanford University Press.
2236:Portrayed by Lo Chun-shun in
1237:
1206:
369:Aisin-Gioro Minning (愛新覺羅·旻寧)
3437:Emperors of the Qing dynasty
2591:Spence, Jonathan D. (1990).
2576:. Indus Publishing Company.
2017:Daoguang Emperor (1782–1850)
1779:(赫舍里氏; ? – 2 June 1832)
93:Prince Zhi of the First Rank
2805:Emperor of the Qing dynasty
2647:29, no. 1S (2008): 125–59.
2595:The Search for Modern China
2549:Millward, James A. (1998).
2271:Portrayed by Nono Yeung in
1088:the claims made and adding
915:in 1828 by the Manchus for
830:Khoja rebellion in Xinjiang
732:). It was later changed to
59:Emperor of the Qing dynasty
3483:
3188:Prince Zheng (Prince Jian)
2031:
1914:
1808:
1377:Miscarriage at four months
1170:
926:
394:
29:
2986:
2975:
2868:
2815:
2802:
2794:
2789:
2762:
2168:
2150:
2146:
2138:
2110:
2091:
2083:
2058:
2039:
2035:
2000:
1981:
1973:
1945:
1926:
1922:
1886:
1864:
1856:
1828:
1812:
1773:Second Class Attendant Mu
1549:in November/December 1863
913:sliced to death (Lingchi)
802:invaders who stormed the
675:and the beginning of the
605:
540:
522:
451:
417:
387:
368:
359:
48:
3160:Non-downgrading peerages
2704:
2265:Curse of the Royal Harem
1232:, the Daoguang Emperor,
1185:, the Daoguang Emperor,
1046:) to the descendants of
653:Emperor Xuanzong of Qing
3193:Prince Su (Prince Xian)
2641:(subscription required)
425:(效天符運立中體正至文聖武智勇仁慈儉勤孝敏寬定
3462:Jiaqing Emperor's sons
3119:s (first-rank princes)
1767:Second Class Attendant
1428:Imperial Noble Consort
1244:
1236:and Princess Shou'en (
1213:
1033:
949:
847:
826:
697:
621:This article contains
2890:Enthroned in 1626 as
2718:Hummel, Arthur W. Sr.
2710:Draft History of Qing
2636:Pierre-Etienne Will,
2573:March of Central Asia
2514:www.chinadaily.com.cn
2498:. 1818. p. 1084.
1878:Empress Xiaoshengxian
1353:Empress Xiaojingcheng
1290:Empress Xiaoquancheng
1267:Empress Xiaoshencheng
1219:
1193:, a lady-in-waiting,
1183:Empress Xiaoquancheng
1180:
1149:industrial revolution
1031:
1006:Great Qing Legal Code
947:
837:
817:
695:
257:Empress Xiaojingcheng
232:Empress Xiaoquancheng
207:Empress Xiaoshencheng
101:1813 – 3 October 1820
3248:Downgrading peerages
2769:House of Aisin-Gioro
2756:at Wikimedia Commons
2433:Chang, Jung (2013).
2364:, pp. 149, 166.
2252:Sigh of His Highness
1220:From left to right:
434:: Šanggan hūwangdi (
3467:People from Beijing
2904:began to rule over
2712:] (in Chinese).
2653:10.1353/late.0.0003
2645:Late Imperial China
2621:Jane Kate Leonard.
2570:Rahul, Ram (2000).
2473:, pp. 336–337.
1574:Noble Consort Cheng
1330:on 15 November 1841
1255:Empress Xiaomucheng
869:Afaqi Khoja revolts
867:from Kokand in the
182:Empress Xiaomucheng
3164:"iron-cap" princes
2673:Evelyn S. Rawski,
2399:on 21 January 2013
2128:Empress Xiaoshurui
1963:Empress Xiaoyichun
1522:Noble Consort Tong
1500:of the Second Rank
1484:of the Second Rank
1245:
1214:
1203:Noble Consort Tong
1199:Noble Consort Jing
1161:Western Qing Tombs
1073:possibly contains
1034:
974:summarily executed
950:
848:
827:
698:
659:, was the seventh
508:Empress Xiaoshurui
164:Western Qing tombs
3414:
3413:
3384:Posthumous titles
3079:
3078:
2825:
2824:
2816:Succeeded by
2777:16 September 1782
2764:Daoguang Emperor
2752:Media related to
2460:Treaty of Nanking
2446:978-1-4481-9142-0
2337:Treaty of Nanjing
2227:
2226:
1820:Yongzheng Emperor
1664:of the First Rank
1648:on 3 January 1843
1566:Noble Consort Jia
1456:of the First Rank
1419:of the First Rank
1318:of the First Rank
1154:economic tensions
1122:Old Summer Palace
1118:
1117:
1110:
1075:original research
996:Anti-Christianity
982:Treaty of Nanjing
970:Taiwan Prefecture
939:Yongzheng Emperor
677:Taiping Rebellion
629:rendering support
609:
608:
601:
600:
551:Standard Mandarin
513:
512:
465:
464:
393:: Doro eldengge (
120:16 September 1782
16:(Redirected from
3474:
3270:Prince Duanzhong
3203:Prince Shuncheng
3106:
3099:
3092:
3083:
2981:
2914:
2908:, replacing the
2874:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2828:
2819:Xianfeng Emperor
2809:Emperor of China
2795:Preceded by
2785:
2784:26 February 1850
2778:
2760:
2754:Daoguang Emperor
2751:
2737:
2725:
2723:"Min-ning"
2713:
2669:
2642:
2610:
2598:
2587:
2566:
2545:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2486:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2430:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2383:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2326:
2324:Biography portal
2321:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2292:
2291:
1846:Qianlong Emperor
1802:
1533:Seventh daughter
1341:Xianfeng Emperor
1303:(2 January 1824)
1242:
1239:
1234:Princess Shou'an
1211:
1208:
1187:Princess Shou'an
1134:Xianfeng Emperor
1130:Second Opium War
1113:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1090:inline citations
1066:
1065:
1058:
1054:Death and legacy
1044:
1039:
978:Battle of Ningpo
785:Qianlong Emperor
770:Qianlong Emperor
754:
748:
743:
739:
730:
724:
719:
715:
655:, personal name
646:Daoguang Emperor
635: instead of
617:
616:
597:
596:
595:
580:
579:
566:
565:
542:
536:
535:
518:Daoguang Emperor
515:
460:
439:
405:
396:
377:
361:
295:Xianfeng Emperor
272:
270:
247:
245:
222:
220:
197:
195:
148:Imperial Gardens
142:
139:26 February 1850
119:
117:
87:Xianfeng Emperor
53:
44:
40:Daoguang Emperor
37:
32:Minning, Ningxia
21:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3379:
3310:Prince Chun (淳)
3295:Prince Chun (純)
3265:Prince Ying (英)
3260:Prince Ying (穎)
3243:
3227:
3161:
3155:
3121:
3110:
3080:
3075:
2982:
2973:
2902:Shunzhi Emperor
2899:
2888:
2870:
2864:
2855:
2821:
2812:
2807:
2800:
2798:Jiaqing Emperor
2779:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2744:
2716:
2706:
2702:
2658:
2640:
2618:
2616:Further reading
2613:
2607:
2590:
2584:
2569:
2563:
2548:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2527:
2518:
2516:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2481:
2477:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2432:
2431:
2424:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2372:
2368:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2301:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2233:
2231:Popular culture
2228:
1904:Jiaqing Emperor
1799:
1790:Lady-in-waiting
1784:Lady-in-waiting
1760:Noble Lady Ding
1754:Hoifa-Nara clan
1738:Noble Lady Ping
1711:Hoifa-Nara clan
1632:Second daughter
1598:Hoifa-Nara clan
1438:(莊順皇貴妃) of the
1356:(孝靜成皇后) of the
1293:(孝全成皇后) of the
1270:(孝慎成皇后) of the
1258:(孝穆成皇后) of the
1240:
1228:, Yihe, Yihui,
1209:
1175:
1169:
1114:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1079:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1026:
998:
962:First Opium War
931:
929:First Opium War
925:
923:First Opium War
832:
812:
690:
681:Jonathan Spence
673:First Opium War
642:
641:
640:
637:Manchu alphabet
627:Without proper
618:
614:
498:Jiaqing Emperor
458:
457:: Siowandzung (
453:
437:
435:
430:
412:Posthumous name
403:
398:
389:
375:
370:
355:
275:
274:
271: 1825)
266:
262:
259:
249:
241:
237:
234:
224:
216:
212:
209:
199:
191:
187:
184:
166:
146:
144:
140:
123:
121:
115:
113:
77:Jiaqing Emperor
42:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3480:
3478:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:1840s in China
3454:
3452:1830s in China
3449:
3447:1820s in China
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3419:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3255:Prince Jingjin
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3126:Absorbed into
3123:
3122:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3086:
3077:
3076:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2814:
2801:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2790:Regnal titles
2787:
2786:
2766:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2743:
2742:External links
2740:
2739:
2738:
2720:, ed. (1943).
2714:
2700:
2686:
2671:
2660:Gützlaff, Karl
2656:
2634:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2588:
2582:
2567:
2561:
2546:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2501:
2487:
2475:
2463:
2452:
2445:
2422:
2410:
2378:
2366:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2313:
2310:History portal
2299:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2274:Succession War
2269:
2256:
2243:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1747:
1741:
1729:
1728:
1725:Concubine Heng
1722:
1714:
1706:Concubine Shun
1702:
1694:Concubine Tian
1684:
1683:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1635:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1583:
1582:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1555:Tenth daughter
1552:
1551:
1550:
1536:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1487:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1459:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1390:
1380:
1379:(28 June 1828)
1374:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1311:
1304:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1263:
1168:
1165:
1116:
1115:
1070:
1068:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1025:
1022:
997:
994:
927:Main article:
924:
921:
909:Jahangir Khoja
861:Jahangir Khoja
831:
828:
824:Forbidden City
811:
808:
804:Forbidden City
800:Eight Trigrams
791:, his mother,
781:Prince Yongyan
702:Forbidden City
689:
686:
631:, you may see
619:
612:
611:
610:
607:
606:
603:
602:
599:
598:
588:
582:
581:
574:
568:
567:
560:
554:
553:
547:
546:
545:Transcriptions
538:
537:
530:
524:
523:
520:
519:
511:
510:
505:
501:
500:
495:
491:
490:
485:
479:
478:
473:
467:
466:
463:
462:
449:
448:
442:
441:
415:
414:
408:
407:
402:: Төр Гэрэлт (
385:
384:
380:
379:
366:
365:
357:
356:
354:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
336:
330:
324:
315:
306:
297:
292:
285:
283:
277:
276:
264:
260:
255:
254:
253:
252:
239:
235:
230:
229:
228:
227:
214:
210:
205:
204:
203:
202:
189:
185:
180:
179:
178:
177:
174:
172:
168:
167:
162:Mu Mausoleum,
161:
159:
155:
154:
145:(道光三十年 正月 十五日)
143:(aged 67)
137:
133:
132:
126:Forbidden City
124:Xiefang Hall,
122:(乾隆四十七年 八月 十日)
111:
107:
106:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
55:
54:
46:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3479:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2900:In 1644, the
2897:
2893:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2847:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2761:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2698:
2697:0-670-81164-5
2694:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2683:0-520-22837-5
2680:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2606:9780393307801
2602:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2585:
2583:9788173871092
2579:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2564:
2562:9780804729338
2558:
2554:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:, p. 98.
2419:
2414:
2411:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2376:, p. 34.
2375:
2374:Millward 1998
2370:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2314:
2311:
2300:
2297:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2258:Portrayed by
2257:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2245:Portrayed by
2244:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:Lady Wanggiya
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1994:Lady Yanggiya
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1911:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1775:(睦答應) of the
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:(那貴人) of the
1751:
1750:Noble Lady Na
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1675:Consort Chang
1672:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:Consort Xiang
1618:
1617:
1611:
1608:(奕緯), Prince
1607:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1580:
1577:(成貴妃) of the
1576:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1525:(彤貴妃) of the
1524:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1515:Noble Consort
1507:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1420:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:(奕繼), Prince
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:(奕綱), Prince
1368:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:Borjigin clan
1359:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1328:Borjigin clan
1326:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:Tunggiya clan
1269:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1112:
1109:
1101:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1071:This section
1069:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1030:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1010:Protestantism
1007:
1003:
995:
993:
992:(1841–1842).
991:
990:Sino-Sikh war
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
946:
942:
940:
936:
930:
922:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:rebel of the
902:
899:
895:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
845:
844:Meridian Gate
841:
836:
829:
825:
821:
820:Meridian Gate
816:
809:
807:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
749:
735:
731:
725:
711:
707:
703:
694:
687:
685:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
651:
647:
638:
634:
630:
626:
624:
604:
594:
589:
587:
583:
575:
573:
569:
561:
559:
555:
552:
548:
543:
539:
531:
529:
525:
521:
516:
509:
506:
502:
499:
496:
492:
489:
486:
484:
480:
477:
474:
472:
468:
456:
452:Xuanzong (宣宗)
450:
447:
443:
433:
428:
424:
420:
416:
413:
409:
401:
392:
386:
381:
373:
367:
362:
358:
351:
348:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
331:
329:
325:
323:
319:
316:
314:
310:
307:
305:
301:
298:
296:
293:
290:
287:
286:
284:
282:
278:
258:
251:
250:
233:
226:
225:
208:
201:
200:
183:
176:
175:
173:
169:
165:
160:
156:
153:
149:
138:
134:
131:
127:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
47:
38:
33:
19:
3360:Prince Cheng
3280:Prince Xiang
3239:Prince Cheng
3150:
3116:
3113:Qing dynasty
3025:N. Dynasties
3021:S. Dynasties
2948:
2910:Ming dynasty
2906:China proper
2889:
2887:
2871:
2862:Qing dynasty
2803:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2727:
2709:
2688:
2674:
2664:
2644:
2622:
2594:
2572:
2551:
2540:
2517:. Retrieved
2513:
2504:
2495:
2490:
2478:
2466:
2455:
2435:
2413:
2401:. Retrieved
2397:the original
2390:
2381:
2369:
2357:
2296:China portal
2272:
2263:
2250:
2237:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1724:
1718:Concubine Yu
1717:
1709:(順嬪) of the
1704:
1697:(恬嬪) of the
1692:
1686:
1685:
1678:(常妃) of the
1673:
1661:
1653:
1646:Namdulu clan
1638:
1631:
1626:Niohuru clan
1624:(祥妃) of the
1620:
1609:
1604:
1596:(和妃) of the
1592:
1585:
1584:
1579:Niohuru clan
1572:
1564:
1554:
1547:Niohuru clan
1539:
1532:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1462:
1453:
1446:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1416:
1409:
1393:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1351:
1339:
1335:
1315:
1307:
1300:
1295:Niohuru clan
1288:
1278:
1265:
1260:Niohuru clan
1253:
1247:
1246:
1158:
1146:
1119:
1104:
1095:
1072:
1043:Wǔjīng Bóshì
1041:
1035:
1024:Noble titles
1014:missionaries
999:
951:
932:
849:
797:
789:dishu system
778:
774:naming taboo
765:
761:
757:
751:
745:
733:
727:
721:
709:
699:
669:China proper
665:Qing dynasty
656:
652:
645:
643:
620:
578:Tao-kuang Ti
558:Hanyu Pinyin
426:
422:
418:
404:ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦ
395:ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠩᡤᡝ
374:: Min ning (
141:(1850-02-26)
3432:1850 deaths
3427:1782 births
3401:Prince Huai
3396:Prince Duan
3391:Prince Rong
3345:Prince Rong
3340:Prince Ding
3330:Prince Xian
3315:Prince Lian
3305:Prince Heng
3290:Prince Gong
3223:Prince Qing
3218:Prince Chun
3213:Prince Gong
3136:Prince Yong
3017:16 Kingdoms
2483:Maclay 1861
2471:Maclay 1861
2403:21 February
2362:Spence 1990
2130:(1760–1797)
2104:Lady Ligiya
2075:He'erjing'e
1965:(1727–1775)
1906:(1760–1820)
1880:(1692–1777)
1848:(1711–1799)
1822:(1678–1735)
1777:Hešeri clan
1680:Hešeri clan
1527:Šumuru clan
1506:Miscarriage
1301:Miscarriage
1241: 1848
1210: 1837
1138:Grand Canal
1002:Catholicism
986:Sikh Empire
885:Yangihissar
863:, attacked
793:Lady Hitara
688:Early years
650:temple name
564:Dàoguāng Dì
476:Aisin-Gioro
446:Temple name
73:Predecessor
3421:Categories
3406:Prince Zhe
3375:Prince Hui
3370:Prince Rui
3365:Prince Dun
3350:Prince Zhi
3325:Prince Guo
3178:Prince Rui
3151:Prince Zhi
3146:Prince Jia
3141:Prince Bao
3009:3 Kingdoms
2896:Hong Taiji
2813:1820–1850
2631:0892641142
2599:. Norton.
2519:2022-12-17
2418:Rahul 2000
2344:References
2260:Sunny Chan
1744:Noble Lady
1732:Noble Lady
1593:Consort He
1463:Shouzhuang
1338:(奕詝), the
1171:See also:
1082:improve it
907:suborder,
898:Naqshbandi
572:Wade–Giles
116:1782-09-16
3355:Prince Yi
3335:Prince He
3320:Prince Lü
3300:Prince Li
3285:Prince Yu
3275:Prince An
3208:Prince Yi
3183:Prince Yu
3128:the Crown
2934:Yongzheng
2392:Xinhuanet
2349:Citations
2247:Du Zhiguo
1699:Fuca clan
1687:Concubine
1637:Princess
1538:Princess
1482:Zhongduan
1461:Princess
1417:Gongzhong
1401:Fuca clan
1392:Princess
1314:Princess
1306:Princess
1277:Princess
1142:Zhenjiang
1098:June 2020
1086:verifying
1018:Guangzhou
729:Mien-ning
459:ᠰᡳᡠᠸᠠᠨᡯᡠᠩ
400:Mongolian
383:Era dates
83:Successor
2969:Xuantong
2954:Xianfeng
2949:Daoguang
2939:Qianlong
2858:Emperors
2662:(1852).
2282:See also
2052:Chang'an
1797:Ancestry
1639:Shouzang
1454:Chunxian
1440:Uya clan
1358:Khorchin
1308:Duanshun
954:Lin Zexu
865:Xinjiang
853:era name
840:Xinjiang
753:Min-ning
723:Miánníng
710:Mianning
657:Mianning
171:Consorts
18:Daoguang
3117:qinwang
2964:Guangxu
2959:Tongzhi
2944:Jiaqing
2924:Shunzhi
2919:Taizong
2883:Taizong
2860:of the
2531:Sources
1939:Qingtai
1660:Prince
1586:Consort
1496:Prince
1480:Prince
1452:Prince
1415:Prince
1394:Shou'en
1316:Shou'an
1279:Duanmin
1248:Empress
1126:Beijing
1080:Please
1048:Ran Qiu
892:Muslim
877:Yarkand
873:Kashgar
846:in 1828
842:at the
822:of the
747:Mǐnníng
734:Minning
706:Beijing
663:of the
661:emperor
528:Chinese
483:Dynasty
438:ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ
436:ᡧᠠᠩᡤᠠᠨ
419:Emperor
376:ᠮᡳᠨ ᠨᡳᠩ
332:Yihui,
273:
265:
261:
248:
240:
236:
223:
215:
211:
198:
190:
186:
152:Beijing
130:Beijing
3049:W. Xia
2929:Kangxi
2780:
2695:
2681:
2629:
2603:
2580:
2559:
2443:
2339:(1842)
2277:(2018)
2268:(2011)
2255:(2006)
2242:(1988)
1662:Dunqin
1658:(奕誴),
1655:Yicong
1610:Yinzhi
1540:Shouxi
1508:(1848)
1498:Fujing
1494:(奕譓),
1478:(奕詥),
1450:(奕譞),
1447:Yixuan
1413:(奕䜣),
1387:Huizhi
1371:Shunhe
1367:Yigang
1325:Naiman
1230:Yixuan
1167:Family
972:to be
958:Canton
894:Sayyid
890:Uyghur
883:, and
881:Khotan
857:Khojas
623:Manchu
504:Mother
494:Father
455:Manchu
432:Manchu
391:Manchu
372:Manchu
326:Yihe,
318:Yixuan
300:Yicong
158:Burial
98:Tenure
2993:Shang
2878:Taizu
2782:Died:
2775:Born:
2708:[
2705:《清史稿》
1605:Yiwei
1491:Yihui
1410:Yixin
1336:Yizhu
1226:Yizhu
1222:Yixin
1195:Yixin
1191:Yizhu
935:opium
905:Afaqi
810:Reign
625:text.
471:House
423:Cheng
364:Names
309:Yixin
289:Yiwei
281:Issue
267:(
263:
242:(
238:
217:(
213:
192:(
188:
65:Reign
3065:Qing
3061:Ming
3057:Yuan
3045:Song
3041:Liao
3033:Tang
2997:Zhou
2892:Khan
2693:ISBN
2679:ISBN
2627:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2578:ISBN
2557:ISBN
2441:ISBN
2405:2014
1475:Yihe
1383:Yiji
1201:and
1038:五經博士
966:Yili
911:was
901:Sufi
896:and
766:Mian
758:Mian
644:The
488:Qing
136:Died
110:Born
3073:PRC
3069:ROC
3053:Jīn
3029:Sui
3013:Jìn
3005:Han
3001:Qin
2989:Xia
2649:doi
2262:in
2249:in
1084:by
762:Min
760:to
586:IPA
534:道光帝
427:成皇帝
43:道光帝
3423::
3071:/
3067:→
3063:→
3059:→
3055:→
3051:/
3047:/
3043:/
3039:→
3035:→
3031:→
3027:→
3023:/
3019:→
3015:/
3011:→
3007:→
3003:→
2999:→
2995:→
2991:→
2894:,
2732:.
2726:.
2643:.
2512:.
2425:^
2389:.
1238:c.
1224:,
1207:c.
1197:,
1189:,
1144:.
1050:.
1040:;
919:.
879:,
875:,
859:,
806:.
776:.
750:;
744:;
742:旻寧
740:;
738:旻宁
726:;
720:;
718:綿寧
716:;
714:绵宁
704:,
320:,
311:,
302:,
269:m.
244:m.
219:m.
194:m.
150:,
128:,
3166:)
3162:(
3105:e
3098:t
3091:v
2912:.
2850:e
2843:t
2836:v
2736:.
2699:.
2685:.
2651::
2609:.
2586:.
2565:.
2522:.
2485:.
2449:.
2407:.
1243:)
1212:)
1205:(
1111:)
1105:(
1100:)
1096:(
1078:.
736:(
712:(
639:.
461:)
440:)
429:)
406:)
397:)
378:)
118:)
114:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
