Dance in Thailand - Knowledge (XXG)

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not continually to intermix some word. Most of their masks are hideous and represent either monstrous Beasts or kinds of Devils. The Show which they call Lacone is a poem intermix with Epic and Dramatic, which lasts three days, from eight in the morning till seven at night. They are histories in verse, serious, and sung by several actors always present, and which do only sing reciprocally.... The Rabam is a double dance of men and women, which is not martial, but gallant ... they can perform it without much tyring themselves, because their way of dancing is a simple march round, very slow, and without any high motion; but with a great many slow contortions of the body and arms.

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contained a large dance hall and that the temple at Ta Prom housed a troupe of no fewer than 615 dance girls. In the 15th century, the Thais conquered part of the western territories of the weakened Khmer empire. As a result, Angkor was abandoned as a capital. The Thais had transported a part of the Khmer court and dancers to Ayutthaya and adopted Khmer dance tradition, although they developed it in their own manner during the succeeding centuries.The result is present day Thai dance, based on adaptations from Cambodia during the 18th and 19th centuries.

1706: 1856: 1721: 2050: 1691: 1680:, in which either sticks or swords are used. The skillful use of the short stick depends on the agility of the fighter, who must attack and always remain close to his opponent, while the combatant who takes up the long stick must maintain a critical distance from his rival to use his weapon effectively. The art of sword fighting has been practiced in Thailand since the beginning of time, and, traditionally, a ceremonial dance is performed prior to combat. 1872: 4647: 4657: 2323: 757:

The Siamese have three sorts of Stage Plays: That which they call Cone is a figure dance, to the sound of the violin and some other instruments. The dancers are masked and armed and represent rather combat than a dance. And though everyone runs into high motions, and extravagant postures, they cease

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From the close of the eighteenth century and through the nineteenth century, a number of Khmer pages, classical women dancers, and musicians studied with Thai Ajarn (masters or teachers) in Cambodia. The presence of these Thai elite in Cambodia contributed to the development of strong Thai cultural

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Cambodia was the first place in mainland Southeast Asia where Ramayana was known. It was known in Sanskrit. Many extant reliefs depict scenes from the epic. Dance probably held a central position in Khmer court and temple ceremonies. An indication of this is the fact that the royal palace at Angkor

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One of the earliest written records of sacred dance in Cambodia dates back to the 7th century, a period during which performances were an integral part of funeral rites for the kings. Throughout the 20th century, the use of temple dancers was still widespread in funeral processions, such as that of

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dancers, La Loubère recorded that: "hose that dance in Rabam, and Cone, have gilded high and pointed. It was introduced by Persian Lombok hat in King Naraya reign. but which hang down at the sides below their ears, which are adorned with counterfeit stones, and with two pendants of gilded wood."

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influence among the Khmer upper classes. Moreover, some members of the Khmer royal family went to the Thai court and developed close relations with well-educated Thai nobility, as well as several court poets. Such cultural links were so powerful that, in some fields, one might use the term

1341:(Khmer: sangvar, decorative chain), kahbangna (Khmer: khbamng), kancheak (Khmer: tracheak, the elven pieces framing the ears) and kravin (Khmer: kravil, earrings). These terms directly indicate the adoption of Khmer jewellery and textile objects within Thai dancing practices. 732:

and other Thai classical dances was made during the Ayutthaya Kingdom. The tradition and styles employed are almost identical to the Thai traditions we still see today. Historical evidence establishes that the Thai art of stage plays was already perfected by the 17th-century.

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Candle Dance: Typical of the Thai Kheun tribe, this dance is performed in honor of the Buddha. The female dancers pay homage to the divinities that protect the eight cardinal points of the Earth, asking them to pass through the candlelight in homage to the

1197:. The earliest mention of Classical Cambodia dance appeared in the 17th century CE in a Sanskrit inscription. In the Khmer empire (802–1431 AD), their court performers style was very sensual during Khmer rule, complete with swinging hips and bare breasts. 1645:, 'farmers' dance'): This is a modern dance created by the Thai Ministry of Culture. The dancers wear the rice growers' traditional costume, and the dance itself enacts the daily activities of these workers who are the backbone of the nation. The 1950:

Sword Dance: This dance is inspired by an ancient martial art that requires tremendous courage and strength and excellent reflexes. The dancers balance a number of swords on different parts of their bodies while fighting off their rival with a

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The English Governess at the Siamese Court: Being Recollections of Six Years in the Royal Palace at Bangkok, Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870 by, Fields, Osgood, & Co., in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at

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play in the lake in the middle of a wood. Struck by their beauty and lightheartedness, pran Boon, the hunter, chases the maidens in an attempt to catch the youngest. The lively, harmonious movements perfectly evoke pran Boon's pursuit of the

1227:, there was a lot of Thai influence because we lacked teachers. Thai masters came to the Khmer court, while Khmer masters sometimes went to the Thai court. This period was a cultural exchange the Thai and Khmer courts. It was a real mixture! 1903:

depicts a traditional profession of northern Thai women in silk weaving. The dance imitates different processes of silk-weaving. For generations, silk production is one of the top home industries in northern and northeastern Thailand and

1062:(candle dance): A performance consists of eight dancers, each carrying candles. Dancers are in pairs, one pair to each side. They wear full-length sarongs and jackets with a matching shoulder cloth. This dance is always held at night. 819: 2219:, or hunter, plays the part of the fool. He usually wears a hunter's mask or headdress, and the movements are often amusing and designed to make the audience laugh. Each position is in harmony with the dynamic rhythm of the music. 1329:(sing) further suggest the integration of Khmer performance techniques into Thai culture. The Thai vocabulary related to the costumes worn by dancers also features a significant amount of Khmer vocabulary. Examples include sabai 2195:, a comical hunter, to give her a headdress as a symbol of her victory. This is a ceremonial ritual carried out to dishonor rivals and to encourage the members of the group. The dance is characterized by a certain sacredness. 807:

The Siamese have attained to a considerable degree of perfection in dramatic exhibitions — and are in this respect envied by their neighbours the Burmans, Laos, and Cambojans who all employ Siamese actors when they can be

2061: 1297:(dance) serve as indicators of the incorporation of Khmer artistic traditions and performance conventions. Likewise, the inclusion of Khmer names for musical instruments used in Thai dances such as khluy 1605:

and the sweetness of the music that accompanies it. The lyrics and music evoke the sweet nature of Thai girls. The dance is also an expression of the yearning of a young man won over by such great charm.

791: 1829:. The dancers hold two coconut shells, with which they execute complex choreographic movements, shaking them, tossing them, or tapping them lightly. This dance is often accompanied by the sound of the 1845:('the happiness of Isan'): This is a series of folk dances usually performed on festive occasions. The swift, harmonious movements are accompanied by folk songs associated with the northeast region. 1048:(fingernail dance): A northern Thai dance style. Each dancer wears six-inch-long brass fingernails. The long fingernails accentuate the finger movement of each dancer. Dancers wear their hair in a 1785:: This folk dance is generally performed at traditional festivals. The choreography is entrusted to the dancers, who wear brightly colored costumes and express all the joy of the celebration. 2288:, an 8th to 13th-century Buddhist maritime empire that encompassed present-day Indonesia, Malaysia, and south Thailand. The choreography and dance costumes are based on images carved as a 2153:: This dance consists of a basic posture, which is executed by concentrating on hand, arm, and shoulder movements, as well as on the equilibrium and movement of various parts of the body. 1269:

classical dances share a common style, unlike in Thailand it is acknowledged in Laos that this style has its origins in Cambodia. According to Lao legends surrounding the first ruler of

1759:. Their movements imitate those of the women who bring food to the men working in the fields. The choreography is accompanied by music with a lively rhythm. The instruments used are a 2017:

is a stringed instrument whose body is made from a coconut shell. When he plays it, the musician rests the shell on his bare chest, then moves it or presses it to achieve the desired

2793:. Translated by A.P. London: Printed by F. L. for Tho. Horne at the Royal Exchange, Francis Saunders at the New Exchange, and Tho. Bennet at the Half-Moon in St. Pauls Church-yard 2296:

in central Java and other artifacts of the Srivijaya period. The musical melody is composed in Javanese style, while its colors, black, red, and green, are characteristic of

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Period (1456-1767)", adding, "this period also enjoyed various imported performing arts from neighbouring countries." According to Paul Cravath, this ceremony performed by

2972:. Research and writing were completed July 1972, prepared by Foreign Area Studies (FAS) of The American University. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 3232: 637:, a "ceremony depicting the churning of the ocean to create the immortal spirit", was performed on special occasions. This ceremony drew from the Indian epic of the 2598:

On folklore of Muslims in Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat Provinces, southern Thailand สมบัติไทยมุสลิมภาคใต้การศึกษาคติชาวบ้านไทยมุสลิมจังหวัดปัตตานี ยะลา และนราธิวาส

1134:) genre. The next transmission of Thai literary influence to Burma happened in the aftermath of the fall of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1767. After the second conquest of 799:

The accomplishment and influence of Thai art and culture, developed during the Ayutthaya Period, on neighboring countries was evident in the observation of Captain

708: 3926: 3242: 30: 1720: 1235:(Interviewed by Suppya NUT on July 25, 2008 at Lim Sylvain's house), Khmer Dance Project, The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. (2008–2010). 3251: 1204:, who came to the throne in 1841, retaining many of Thai-acquired elements more elaborate and heavy costumes than had been traditional Khmer court dance. 1011: 973: 3199: 3621: 3293: 1388:, were translated from the Siamese source into the Khmer language. One Thai study on comparative literature argues that Cambodia's current version of 3526: 1649:

opens with the farmers as they come to plough and sow the fields. When they are sure that the rice is growing well, they gather together to pray to

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is often studied from a very young age so that the body can achieve the flexibility necessary to execute the dance's complicated movements. Female

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is a type of dance in northern and northeastern Thailand. It is performed in groups and has very slow, graceful, and almost meditative movements.

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were the direct consequences of the Thai literary influence. The first transmission happened during the two-decade period (1564–83), in which the

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stories. Dancers are usually female who play both male and female roles and perform as a group rather than representing individual characters.

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is a drum characteristic of northern Thailand, which is used for two purposes: to spur on warriors prior to battle and to pay homage to the

4288: 4112: 4097: 3552: 1855: 3384: 3379: 3237: 3658: 3601: 1273:, it is said that in addition to a large army of Khmer soldiers, the King was accompanied by numerous female dancers from the court of 3797: 3521: 3456: 1277:. Thai scholar Uraisi Varasarin has identified many Khmer words borrowed into Thai, particularly in areas related to classical dance. 696:. In the beginning, both were exclusively court entertainments and it was not until much later that a popular style of dance theatre, 3100:

Maurel, Frédéric (2002). "A Khmer "nirat", 'Travel in France during the Paris World Exhibition of 1900': influences from the Thai?".

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dance: The hand movements and steps of the female dancers, who wear spectacular fan-shaped costumes, evoke the movements of a bird.

1627:, is played throughout the country to accompany the parades held at traditional festivals. It is said that the modern style of the 2049: 4612: 3481: 3415: 3405: 780:, noting that they looked similar (i.e., using both fists and elbows to fight), but the hand-wrapping techniques were different. 2993: 2503: 2175:

is usually performed during competitions between two groups of dancers. To intimidate the rival group, a male dancer strikes an

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Nevertheless, in Thailand, the main theory suggests the contrary. For instance, Fédéric Maurel, a French historian working for

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The Sounds of Lanna, the Ancient Kingdom of the North: This music is played on two instruments typical of this region. The

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as its vassal state. This conquest incorporated many Thai elements into Burmese literature. the most evident ones were the

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Dance: The striking choreography of this dance of blessing expresses the calm, serene temperament of the northern peoples.

350:) meaning of "Dance". The term adopted in lower part of northeastern Thailand for Thai-Khmer Loeu Traditional Dance e.g. 4686: 4134: 3985: 3865: 3839: 3753: 3451: 3420: 3410: 2523: 1358: 4536: 918:

is the most stylized form of Thai dance. It is performed by troupes of non-speaking dancers, the story being told by a

4124: 3902: 3496: 3486: 1654: 1396:) was translated directly from the Thai source, almost stanza by stanza. The Cambodian royal court used to stage Thai 4581: 3211: 3200:

http://www.khamkoo.com/uploads/9/0/0/4/9004485/khmero-thai_-_the_great_change_in_the_history_of_the_thai_language.pdf

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Mattani M. R., Higashi Y., Bunka A., and Senta K., Centre for East Asian Cultural Studies for UNESCO, Japan. (1993).

2284:: This is one of the so-called "Thai archaeological dances". It is a reinvented dance that represents the kingdom of 720:

from the book, The English Governess at the Siamese Court (1873). The portrait sketched from the photograph taken by

4681: 4371: 4055: 3849: 3819: 3790: 3780: 3680: 3374: 3349: 4065: 4040: 3933: 3812: 3807: 3770: 3760: 3748: 3726: 3511: 3344: 2989: 1825:. The dance illustrates the activities of a group of nubile girls from the southern part of the region, known as 1262: 749:, La Loubère carefully observed the classic 17th-century theatre of Siam, including an epic battle scene from a 4617: 4481: 4303: 4281: 4018: 3909: 3897: 3589: 3562: 3279: 2002:

Dance: This dance, performed in the Buddha's honor, is characterized by a complex choreography inspired by the

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Wilaiwan Khanittanan. Khmero-Thai-the great change in the history of the Thai language. Thammasat University.

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The SEAMEO Project in Archaeology and Fine Arts, SPAFA Co-ordinating Unit. "The Status of Traditional Thai",

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In 19th century, the Khmer court dance began to be restored by Thai dancers and, under the patronage of King

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Monumental Java: with Illustrations, and Vignettes after Drawings of Javanese Chandi Ornament by the Author

1245:. The tradition of temple dancers declined in Cambodia during the 15th century when the Siamese kingdom of 633:

According to Surapone Virulrak, Thai performance art took shape during the Ayutthaya period. At this time,

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was the instrument used by youths to court the maidens of their village. Few musicians still play it. The

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tribe, who live in the northeast. The music that accompanies it is played on typical instruments like the

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tree. A female dancer moves around the writhing crocodile, poised to pierce its head at the right moment.

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dance: Beginners learn to execute graceful and balanced movements through the choreography of this dance.

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of the rivals. The dance is performed as a sign of victory. Afterward, the female protagonist asks the

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dance that requires great interpretative skills. In the dance, the protagonist launches a harpoon at a

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is also an annual ceremony performed by Thai classical dance groups to honor their artistic ancestors.

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uses a basic posture in which hand, arm, and shoulder movements are synchronized with head movements.

1224: 4632: 4551: 4511: 4486: 4366: 4691: 4601: 4541: 4471: 4431: 4391: 4331: 4321: 4274: 4241: 4234: 4203: 4198: 4005: 3829: 3701: 3557: 3506: 3461: 3314: 3306: 1931:, on the other hand, is a type of drum used by the tribes that live in the north: the Tay Yai, the 1401: 1382:

or Siamese tradition of parting poetry was emulated by Khmer poets, and many Thai stories, such as

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Virulrak, Surapone (September–December 1999). "Performing Arts during the Reign of King Rama IX".

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Virulrak, Surapone (September–December 1999). "Performing Arts during the Reign of King Rama IX".

2103:). Its origins lie in various legends, which there are different versions of. The choreography of 4506: 4501: 4381: 4176: 4035: 3970: 3948: 3743: 3663: 3476: 3125: 3117: 2638: 2346: 1095: 610: 449: 265: 2609:

Phitthayalap Phrutthiyakon, Prince, Yupho D., and The Fine Arts Department of Thailand. (1989).

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originated in the northern region of Thailand. It was designed and taught by Chao Dararasami of

448:, it means "Ballroom dance". These terms adopted simultaneously since 1321 AD in reign of King 4446: 4346: 4250: 4129: 4107: 4102: 3995: 3882: 3670: 3359: 3354: 3052: 2973: 2953: 2931: 2917: 2886: 2766: 2692: 2659: 2579: 2572: 2558: 2479: 2423: 2385: 2341: 2297: 2271: 2092: 1624: 1565:, or teacher. It is performed annually by Thai classical dance institutions as well as before 1557: 1429: 1258: 1246: 1242: 1135: 662: 639: 590: 582: 535: 361: 233: 195: 171: 147: 1751:

is added to the name of the domestic object used on stage by the dancers. In the case of the

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Earth in Flower: A Historical and Descriptive Study of the Classical Dance Drama of Cambodia

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Performing Arts and the Royal Courts of Southeast Asia Vol. I: Pusaka as Documented Heritage

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varies from region to region, but it is generally composed of 12 positions and 17 movements.

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Portrait of Siamese actor and actress in Siamese Literature and Art, illustrated in 1870 by

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to record all that he saw in the Siamese Kingdom and its traditions. In his famous account

4526: 4491: 4396: 4255: 4171: 4075: 3636: 3631: 3611: 2361: 1971: 1878: 1527: 923: 896: 884: 4466: 4401: 4376: 4351: 4186: 4139: 4013: 2998:. Jerome Robbins Dance Division. The New York Public Library. Retrieved on 16 May 2024. 2454:

Punnothok T., Research for Social Development Institute, Khon Kaen University. (1989).

2356: 2351: 2328: 2309: 2305: 2086: 1932: 1484: 1470: 1278: 713: 514: 506: 480: 409: 331: 700:, evolved as a diversion for the common folk who had no access to royal performances. 4675: 4650: 4436: 4386: 4092: 4070: 3965: 3261: 3129: 2418:

Sukhothai Provincial Cultural Office, The Fine Arts Department of Thailand. (1994).

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in referring to the processes of cultural absorption at the Khmer court at that time.

1282: 1108: 1032: 1002: 964: 835: 472: 433: 385: 373: 315: 292: 284: 249: 241: 222: 131: 119: 71: 59: 54: 42: 2901:. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii.; Groslier, G. "Royal Dancers of Cambodia.”, 2847: 4045: 2476:

Dance, Drama, and Theatre in Thailand; The Process of Development and Modernization

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is performed only on important occasions. The female protagonist plays the role of

2007: 1792: 1730: 1602: 1186: 1138:(Thailand), many Siamese royal dancers and poets were brought back to the court of 927: 721: 684:

Aside from folk and regional dances (such as southern Thailand's Indian-influenced

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are generic term for all kinds of Thai dances, which derived from Old Khmer words,

91: 2788: 2239:, a legendary creature who is half woman and half bird. According to a celebrated 3046: 2618:

Proceedings of the First International Conference Seminar of Tamil Studies Vol. I

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or hardwood. It is played by plucking the two metal or brass strings with a horn

985:) is a form of folk dance accompanied by the folk music of the region. The first 17: 4660: 4080: 4028: 3914: 3339: 2990:

Interview with HRH Princess Norodom Buppha Devi: Khmer dance project, 2008-07-25

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The Sounds of the Mountains: The music that accompanies this dance is played on

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came into practice, featuring the music and style of each province, such as the

717: 99: 3113: 1835:, a kind of upright xylophone made of strips of wood arranged according to the 1072:

but the dance is faster and more fun. Each dancer wears a yellow flower tiara,

1068:(scarf dance): A dance performed at a happy event. The dance is similar to the 2289: 2006:

of the ancient alphabets of the northern regions and by the movements used in

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leading possibly to the introduction of Khmer dances in Thailand. While Thai,

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in South Thailand. The verses of the song are accompanied by a lively rhythm.

1747:: This dance is performed during traditional celebrations. Usually, the word 4166: 4087: 4049: 3718: 2407:

SPAFA Digest: Journal of SEAMEO Project in Archaeology and Fine Arts (SPAFA)

2293: 2285: 2140: 1831: 1760: 1567: 1535: 1444: 1216: 1201: 772: 737:, the Sun King of France, had a formal diplomatic relation with Ayutthaya's 734: 323: 3089:

https://www.spafajournal.org/index.php/spafadigest/article/download/482/474

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in the 15th century, Cambodian dance and music incorporated influence from

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A Comparative Grammer of The Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages

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A Comparative Grammer of The Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages

4023: 3302: 2235: 2036: 2018: 1952: 1862: 1796: 1677: 1542: 1424: 1362: 1270: 1190: 1175: 1162:. Burmese literature during this period was therefore modelled after the 888: 873: 867: 852: 824: 803:

a British scholar of Southeast Asia, during the early Rattanakosin Era:

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The Khmer Dance Project comprises 60 videos filmed between 2008 and 2010

643:. Virulrak states, "These performing arts were gradually developed into 4154: 1935:

and the Tay Yan. It is used to accompany various dances including, the

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is a ritualized form of dance meant to pay respect to or homage to the

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Connections between Thai classical dance and the neighbouring countries

939: 126:) means "Art of the classical Thai dance, art of drama." and the term, 2916:. Oxon: Routledge, imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group. p. 172. 2897:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.; Brandon, James R. (1976). 2658:. (Translated by Promporn Pramualratana). Bangkok: River Books. p 16. 1488:). In Khmer, the word consists of two separate native Khmer morphemes 487:

and being adopted specifically for Thai-Malays Traditional Dance e.g.

456:. The adoption of three terms are various Thai Traditional Dance e.g. 2176: 2144: 2068: 1924: 1676:): These dances are inspired by types of combat that were typical of 1650: 1646: 1384: 1274: 1254: 1250: 1178:

is disputed. While some believe that Thai classical dance influenced

879: 857: 3271: 3073: 2977: 1508:: "circle") reflecting the characteristics of the dance: a type of 1156:), was introduced and was adapted in Burmese where it is now called 930:

follows traditional models rather than attempting to innovate. Most

2678:. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd. pp. 105, 619. 2627:. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd. pp. 105, 619. 2620:. Kuala Lumpur: International Association of Tamil Research. p. 90. 2304:. Some of the movements, poses, and stances are based on classical 2270:: In this dance, the hand movements evoke the beautiful scenery of 260:. The term found in stone inscription, stone engraving and book of 2948:

Osnes, M. B., and Gill, S. (2001). "Lakon Kbach Boran: Cambodia",

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Cambodia: Discover the Country, Culture and People. Frenchs Forest

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Osnes, M. B., and Gill, S. (2001). "Lakon Kbach Boran: Cambodia",

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plays a fundamental part because it sets the rhythm for the dance.

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said of Khmer classical dance influenced a lot of by Thai court:-

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Chuon Nath Khmer Dictionary. 1966, Buddhist Institute, Phnom Penh

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dancers follow a demanding exercise regime and strict discipline.

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fell, its artisans, Brahmins, and dancers were taken by force to

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ASEAN Dance Symposium: at the 4th ASEAN Dance Festival Singapore

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Desa kala Emerging Trends in Performing Arts and Indic Studies

1337:(Khmer: khbin, style of lower body wraparound cloth), sangwan 688:

dance), the two major forms of Thai classical dance drama are

79: 2613:. Bangkok: Promotion and Public Relations Sub-division. p. 7 3257: 3075:

The Serpent's Tail: A Brief History of Khmer Classical Dance

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Les éléments khmers dans la formation de la langue siamoise

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Acting An International Encyclopedia of Traditional Culture

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Acting An International Encyclopedia of Traditional Culture

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Amrahs, H. (2023). "Chapter 23. Cambodia Dance and Music",

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often requires greater interpretive skills and experience.

1657:. Lastly, the harvest is celebrated with songs and dancing. 1166:, and dramatic plays were patronised by the Burmese court. 2600:(in Thai). (2nd Ed.). Bangkok: Charoenwit Kanphim. p. 115. 2143:, whose back, lit by candles, is made from the trunk of a 34:

Dancers in traditional costumes perform a courtship dance.

2645:. University of Madras Lexicon. Retrieved on 25 May 2024. 2422:(in Thai). Sukhothai: Sukhothai Cultural Center. p. 125. 225:

are variant in each region of Thailand also known as the

142:. Both terms derived from Sanskrit word namely the word, 2905:

22, 1(1922):47-53, 74.; Meyer, C. "Cambodian Dances.",

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Leonowens, A. H. (1873). "SIAMESE LITERATURE AND ART",

2571:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. p. 8. 1803:(a tribal drum), along with other drums and pipes. The 609:

which means "to walk, to act, to run". However, Prince

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The Thai Official Dictionary of Royal Institute 2545 BE

1974:

characteristic of three tribes in North Thailand: the

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performance, and recorded what he saw in great detail:

209: 185: 161: 138:) means "Poetry, music drama and dance." according to 3252:

Patravadi theatre presents Chalawan The Likay Musical

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International Association of Tamil Research. (1968).

2952:. Santa Barbara, CA: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 188. 2885:. Santa Barbara, CA: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 188. 2495:

ASEAN Committee on Culture and Information. (1998).

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Cohen S. J., Dance Perspectives Foundation. (1998).

4600: 4560: 4302: 4004: 3864: 3700: 3539: 3433: 3398: 3322: 3313: 2750:. University Microfilms International. p. 126. 1755:, the dancers carry typical rice baskets, known as 530:) means "King and god, a king, a ruler" as well as 525: 423: 345: 264:(Trai Phum Phra Ruang) composed in 1321 AD by King 3157:"Relationships between early Thai and Khmer plays" 2654:Chanthawit N. and Promporn Pramualratana. (1998). 2540:Thailand's Cultural mission to Australia. (1970). 1526:) is the ritualized dance that takes place before 1412:Folk dance forms include dance theater forms like 2870:Khmer Culture: A Cultural Exploration of Cambodia 2691:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 170. 2451:(in Thai). Bangkok: Seven Printing Group. p. 84. 2790:A New Historical Relation of the Kingdom of Siam 2183:version, the female protagonist stamps on three 1182:, others argue that it is the other way around. 823:A Lakhon Chatri dance excerpt from the story of 3033:Vietnam, cambodia, laos and the greater mekong. 2970:Area Handbook for the Khmer Republic (Cambodia) 2765:. Boston: James R. Osgood and Company. p. 176. 2674:Caldwell R., Wyatt J. L. and Pillai R. (1913). 2623:Caldwell R., Wyatt J. L. and Pillai R. (1913). 1367: 1350: 1213: 805: 538:word. It is also to be identical with the term 166:) means "Dancing, acting, a dance.", the word, 114:The Dance in Thailand designated in Thai term, 3035:Oakland, California: Lonely Planet Publishers. 2470: 2468: 2466: 2447:The Fine Arts Department of Thailand. (1999). 1122:), an emotional and philosophic verse and the 4282: 3287: 2988:Prum Mésa, P. and Suppya, Bru-nut H. (2012). 1151: 1129: 1117: 8: 2557:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 72. 2436:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 150. 2401: 2399: 2397: 2499:. Singapore: National Arts Council. p. 97. 1499: 1489: 1474: 1023:) fingernail dance from Chiang Mai and the 883:, a type of woodwind, accompany the dance. 4289: 4275: 4267: 3870: 3706: 3545: 3439: 3319: 3294: 3280: 3272: 3177: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2544:. Bangkok: Kurusapha Ladprao Press. p. 19. 2434:International Encyclopedia of Dance Vol. 6 770:La Loubère also observed the existence of 625:where the dance and drama was originated. 90:can be divided into two major categories, 1631:dance was created by some music teachers. 1174:The influence of Thai classical dance on 2384:. Raleigh, NC: Lulu Publication. p. 54. 1400:dramas in the Thai language during King 818: 782: 707: 467:Lower Southern Thailand. The Thai term, 29: 3245:PillowTalk: Thailand's Traditions Today 2926:Hinchey, J. (2018). "The Arts: Dance", 2373: 2315: 2042: 1848: 1683: 934:performances feature episodes from the 847:features a wider range of stories than 310:Lower Northeastern Thailand. The term, 190:) means "Artistic work." and the word, 3142: 2071:wearing Khmer-style dresses and crowns 1779:(similar to an old-fashioned syringe). 1333:(Khmer: sbai, shawl-like top), krabin 728:The first detailed European record of 677:and could have been the forefather of 621:, connected to Javanese culture since 1601:. Its great popularity is due to the 1483: 946:, both good and bad, wearing colored 865:draws inspiration primarily from the 256:for Lannathai Traditional Dance e.g. 70: 53: 7: 2968:Whitaker, Donald P., et al. (1973). 2830:"Historical Ties India and Thailand" 2555:Zapin, Folk Dance of the Malay World 1215:From the period of Oudong with King 1052:-style with a yellow jasmine flower 741:. In 1687, France sent the diplomat 661:(court dance drama) during the Late 2914:Routledge Handbook of Asian Theatre 2893:cited in Brandon, James R. (1974). 1978:(a gourd pipe) of the Tai Lue, the 669:is also depicted in bas-reliefs at 322:) derived with its intonation from 2930:, NSW: Redback Publishing. p. 15. 2899:Brandon's Guide to Theatre in Asia 2872:(eBook). n.p.: Mahesh Dutt Sharma. 2813:"James Low, On Siamese Literature" 2420:The Sukhothai Heritage มรดกสุโขทัย 2300:. The dance headdress is called a 1442:take place before all traditional 1207:On July 25, 2008. H.R.H. Princess 562:Thai version from the Indian epic 27:Main dramatic art form in Thailand 25: 3051:(in French). Peeters Publishers. 3019: 2247:is partly based on the legend of 2031:is a stringed instrument made of 4655: 4646: 4645: 3007: 2321: 2260:as the youngest tries to escape. 2060: 2048: 1870: 1854: 1729:practitioners with Thai swords ( 1719: 1704: 1689: 1344:Dr. Jukka O. Miettinen from the 942:are dictated by tradition, with 558:is adopted particularly for the 364:. There are three terms include 262:Tribbumikatha Buddhist Cosmology 4113:Traditional musical instruments 3238:Khon, classic theatre and dance 2113:: This more refined version of 1219:to the period of Chatomuk with 871:(Thai adaptation of Hindu epic 4613:British Indian Ocean Territory 3072:Ok, Prumsodun (January 2018). 2157:is accompanied by long lyrics. 1986:(a gourd flute) of the Li Saw. 1185:Following the collapse of the 1017: 979: 877:). Percussion instruments and 489:Taree Kipas Dance Thai version 436:, respectively. When the term 1: 3212:"A Thai Archaeological Dance" 2844:"Ramayana in Myanmar's Heart" 2787:de La Loubère, Simon (1693). 2656:Thai Puppets & Khon Masks 1927:in religious ceremonies. The 1428:, and homage to the teacher, 1041:is divided into three types: 3247:at Jacob's Pillow, 7/15/2010 2912:Liu, S. (2016). "Cambodia", 2553:Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (1993). 1623:drum, an instrument used in 1418:, numerous regional dances ( 1359:Prince of Songkla University 891:draw great inspiration from 617:is derived from the name of 613:hypothesized that Thai term 3991:Water supply and sanitation 2458:. Bangkok: Phikanet. p. 50. 1653:, the goddess who protects 1102:briefly managed to subject 993:. Since then, a variety of 526: 424: 346: 210: 186: 162: 4713: 3845:Controlled-access highways 3155:Pakdeekham, Santi (2009). 3114:10.5367/000000002101297026 3045:Varasarin, Uraisi (1984). 2091:is a traditional dance of 1795:ceremony performed by the 1791:: This dance is part of a 1094:The two golden periods of 1031:, which was influenced by 908: 829: 762:Of the attires of Siamese 4641: 4228: 3927:Universities and colleges 3873: 3709: 3548: 3442: 2895:Theatre in Southeast Asia 2567:Santaella, M. A. (2023). 2225:: This advanced level of 2215:performance company, the 2171:: This advanced level of 1850:Northeast Thailand dances 1673: 1642: 1616: 1594: 1552: 1523: 1500: 1490: 1475: 1466: 1152: 1130: 1118: 1006: 968: 655:(public dance drama) and 594: 552:Turko-Mongolian languages 518: 476: 413: 389: 377: 335: 319: 291:), meaning of "Dance" in 288: 245: 227:Dance of the Four Regions 199: 175: 151: 135: 123: 63: 46: 4362:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 3659:House of Representatives 3553:Administrative divisions 3102:South East Asia Research 2687:Scheltema J. F. (1912). 2317:Southern Thailand dances 2044:Northern Thailand dances 1982:of the Tay Yuan and the 1895:('silk weaving dance'): 1346:Theatre Academy Helsinki 4623:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 3216:The World In Paper View 2596:Ruangnarong P. (1984). 1685:Central Thailand dances 1325:(rhythm), and chaleang 299:Traditional Dance e.g. 3798:Science and technology 3766:Special economic zones 3233:Khon Masks of Thailand 2746:Cravath, Paul (1987). 2524:"rapaṃ ~ rapam ~ rpam" 2201:: The choreography of 2055:A dancer in Chiang Mai 1771:(a kind of castanet), 1597:): A typical dance of 1376: 1355: 1281:words integrated into 1238: 1146:, the Thai version of 827: 810: 796: 795:Rabam farang khu dance 788: 760: 725: 573:(alternative spelled, 505:which is derived from 499:in Thai word such as, 35: 4155:Mythological creature 3686:Deputy Prime Minister 3602:Intelligence agencies 2542:The Royal Thai Ballet 2380:Shimladka V. (2021). 1619:, 'drum dance'): The 1180:Khmer classical dance 822: 794: 786: 755: 711: 704:Classical dance drama 273:Northeastern Thailand 72:[nāːt.tà.kām] 55:[nāːt.tà.sǐn] 33: 4537:United Arab Emirates 3813:Traditional medicine 3527:World Heritage Sites 3482:Environmental issues 3243:Archival footage of 2818:. 1839. p. 177. 2449:Wipitasna วิพิธทัศนา 1877:A folk dance in the 1469:) borrowed from the 1422:), the ritual dance 4687:Culture of Thailand 4564:limited recognition 2504:"raṃ ~ *ram ~ *rāṃ" 2245:ram Nora klong Hong 2223:Ram Nora klong Hong 2203:ram Nora bot pratom 2199:Ram Nora bot pratom 2021:. In the past, the 1881:parade in Yasothon 1813:('coconut dance'): 1402:Norodom of Cambodia 1317:and terms like dom 1233:Norodom Buppha Devi 1209:Norodom Buppha Devi 922:at the side of the 743:Simon de la Loubère 619:Nakhon Si Thammarat 597:), a derivation of 3825:Telecommunications 3477:Floods in Thailand 3375:Siamese Revolution 3258:Banramthai website 3218:. 28 January 2015. 2850:on 29 October 2006 2347:Dance of Indonesia 2187:, symbolizing the 2000:Choeng Tua Auk-son 1739:Northeast Thailand 1485:[rŏəmʋŏəŋ] 1096:Burmese literature 828: 797: 789: 747:Du Royaume de Siam 726: 635:Chak nak Dukdamban 611:Damrong Rajanubhab 581:) is derived from 450:Maha Thammaracha I 266:Maha Thammaracha I 36: 4682:Dance in Thailand 4669: 4668: 4606:other territories 4264: 4263: 4224: 4223: 4211:Traditional games 3860: 3859: 3696: 3695: 3676:Political parties 3580:Foreign relations 3535: 3534: 3429: 3428: 3360:Ayutthaya Kingdom 3355:Sukhothai Kingdom 3058:978-2-85297-161-5 2958:978-157-6-07804-4 2936:978-192-5-63030-5 2922:978-131-7-27886-3 2891:978-157-6-07804-4 2771:978-059-8-61691-3 2664:978-974-8-22523-4 2577:978-900-4-68653-3 2563:978-019-5-88598-9 2484:978-489-6-56107-4 2428:978-974-7-36501-6 2390:978-1-387-53795-2 2342:Dance of Cambodia 2298:southern Thailand 2272:Songkhla Province 2093:southern Thailand 2077:Southern Thailand 1887:Northern Thailand 1817:is the word for ' 1745:Serng kratip khoa 1558:Wai khru ram muay 1285:, such as phleng 1243:Sisowath Monivong 1015: 977: 714:Anna H. Leonowens 524: 452:same as the term 422: 362:Southern Thailand 344: 234:Northern Thailand 214:), respectively. 208: 184: 160: 39:Dance in Thailand 18:Dance of Thailand 16:(Redirected from 4704: 4659: 4649: 4648: 4618:Christmas Island 4304:Sovereign states 4291: 4284: 4277: 4268: 4244: 4237: 3986:Waste management 3871: 3722: 3707: 3546: 3440: 3370:Rattanakosin era 3365:Thonburi Kingdom 3320: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3273: 3220: 3219: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3097: 3091: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3042: 3036: 3031:Ray, N. (2007). 3029: 3023: 3017: 3011: 3005: 2999: 2986: 2980: 2966: 2960: 2946: 2940: 2879: 2873: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2846:. Archived from 2840: 2834: 2833: 2826: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2809: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2784: 2773: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2705: 2699: 2685: 2679: 2672: 2666: 2652: 2646: 2643:Tamil Dictionary 2636: 2630: 2607: 2601: 2594: 2588: 2551: 2545: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2520: 2514: 2511: 2493: 2487: 2478:. Tokyo: CEACS. 2472: 2461: 2445: 2439: 2416: 2410: 2409:, 1(1980):17–18. 2403: 2392: 2378: 2325: 2292:on the stupa of 2264:Ram Nora tam bot 2155:Ram Nora son ram 2151:Ram Nora son ram 2135:is an elaborate 2067:Thai dancers in 2064: 2052: 1972:wind instruments 1874: 1858: 1775:(gong), and the 1723: 1708: 1693: 1675: 1644: 1618: 1609:Ram thoet thoeng 1599:central Thailand 1596: 1581:Central Thailand 1554: 1533:matches such as 1525: 1503: 1502: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1478: 1477: 1468: 1321:(hit), changwak 1236: 1155: 1154: 1133: 1132: 1121: 1120: 1022: 1021: 1010: 1008: 984: 983: 972: 970: 787:Khon performance 716:in the reign of 623:Ayutthaya period 596: 554:. The Thai term 529: 523:romanized: 522: 520: 479:) borrowed from 478: 462:Ten Kam Ram Kiew 458:Ram Baht Sakunee 428:) and the term, 427: 417: 415: 391: 379: 358:Central Thailand 349: 339: 337: 321: 290: 254:Sukhothai period 252:, adopted since 247: 213: 203: 201: 189: 179: 177: 165: 155: 153: 137: 125: 74: 69: 65: 57: 52: 48: 21: 4712: 4711: 4707: 4706: 4705: 4703: 4702: 4701: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4665: 4637: 4605: 4596: 4577:Northern Cyprus 4563: 4556: 4298: 4295: 4265: 4260: 4247: 4240: 4233: 4220: 4125:Public holidays 4120:Performing arts 4000: 3903:Sex trafficking 3856: 3720: 3692: 3531: 3497:Protected areas 3425: 3394: 3309: 3300: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3210: 3209: 3205: 3197: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3178:Pakdeekham 2009 3176: 3172: 3161:Damrong Journal 3154: 3153: 3149: 3141: 3137: 3099: 3098: 3094: 3087: 3083: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3059: 3044: 3043: 3039: 3030: 3026: 3018: 3014: 3006: 3002: 2987: 2983: 2967: 2963: 2947: 2943: 2880: 2876: 2867: 2863: 2853: 2851: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2815: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2794: 2786: 2785: 2776: 2759: 2755: 2745: 2744: 2740: 2726: 2725: 2721: 2707: 2706: 2702: 2686: 2682: 2673: 2669: 2653: 2649: 2637: 2633: 2608: 2604: 2595: 2591: 2552: 2548: 2539: 2535: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2502: 2494: 2490: 2473: 2464: 2446: 2442: 2417: 2413: 2404: 2395: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2362:Sundanese dance 2338: 2331: 2326: 2278:Rabam Srivichai 2249:Prasuton-Manora 2181:yieb louk manao 2165:yieb louk manao 2079: 2072: 2065: 2056: 2053: 1889: 1882: 1879:Rocket Festival 1875: 1866: 1859: 1741: 1734: 1724: 1715: 1709: 1700: 1694: 1625:Thai folk music 1583: 1578: 1576:Regional dances 1528:Southeast Asian 1498:: "dance") and 1480: 1410: 1237: 1231: 1172: 1100:Toungoo Dynasty 1092: 1087: 958: 913: 907: 885:Thai literature 842: 830:Main articles: 817: 706: 649:(masked play), 631: 569:The Thai term, 352:Rueam Kan Truem 112: 96:classical dance 67: 50: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4710: 4708: 4700: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4674: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4663: 4653: 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3936: 3931: 3930: 3929: 3919: 3918: 3917: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3820:Stock Exchange 3817: 3816: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3763: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3751: 3741: 3736: 3735: 3734: 3724: 3716: 3710: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3681:Prime Minister 3678: 3673: 3668: 3667: 3666: 3661: 3651: 3646: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3598: 3597: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3576: 3575: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3549: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3457:Municipalities 3454: 3449: 3443: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3350:Initial states 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3326: 3324: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3291: 3284: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3255: 3249: 3240: 3235: 3228: 3227:External links 3225: 3222: 3221: 3203: 3191: 3182: 3170: 3147: 3145:, p. 100. 3135: 3092: 3081: 3064: 3057: 3037: 3024: 3012: 3000: 2981: 2961: 2941: 2939: 2938: 2924: 2909:3(1970):2–27. 2874: 2861: 2835: 2821: 2804: 2774: 2753: 2738: 2719: 2700: 2680: 2667: 2647: 2631: 2629: 2628: 2621: 2602: 2589: 2587: 2586: 2546: 2533: 2515: 2513: 2512: 2488: 2462: 2460: 2459: 2440: 2438: 2437: 2411: 2393: 2372: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2357:Javanese dance 2354: 2352:Balinese dance 2349: 2344: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2332: 2327: 2320: 2318: 2314: 2313: 2310:Balinese dance 2282:rabam Sevichai 2275: 2261: 2220: 2206: 2196: 2158: 2148: 2126: 2108: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2066: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2047: 2045: 2041: 2040: 2011: 1997: 1991: 1987: 1968: 1962: 1956: 1948: 1909: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1876: 1869: 1867: 1860: 1853: 1851: 1847: 1846: 1843:Isan bantheong 1840: 1808: 1786: 1780: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1725: 1718: 1716: 1710: 1703: 1701: 1695: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1681: 1674:รำกระบี่กระบอง 1658: 1632: 1606: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1540: 1513: 1409: 1406: 1293:(play), rabam 1229: 1171: 1168: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1063: 1057: 957: 952: 909:Main article: 906: 901: 816: 811: 705: 702: 630: 627: 493: 492: 465: 444:combined into 355: 308: 305:Soeng Bang Fai 295:, adopted for 269: 111: 108: 75:) is the main 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4709: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4652: 4644: 4643: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4608: 4603: 4599: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4587:South Ossetia 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4559: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 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3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3951: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3934:Ethnic groups 3932: 3928: 3925: 3924: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3911: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3863: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3837: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3796: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3761:Manufacturing 3759: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3746: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3711: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3699: 3687: 3684: 3683: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3596: 3593: 3592: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3538: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3345:Early history 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3297: 3292: 3290: 3285: 3283: 3278: 3277: 3274: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3217: 3213: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3195: 3192: 3186: 3183: 3180:, p. 54. 3179: 3174: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3151: 3148: 3144: 3139: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3108:(1): 99–112. 3107: 3103: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3085: 3082: 3077: 3076: 3068: 3065: 3060: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3025: 3021: 3020:Fletcher 2001 3016: 3013: 3009: 3004: 3001: 2997: 2996: 2991: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2865: 2862: 2849: 2845: 2839: 2836: 2831: 2825: 2822: 2814: 2808: 2805: 2792: 2791: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2757: 2754: 2749: 2742: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2723: 2720: 2715: 2711: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2697:812-060-222-6 2694: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2677: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2606: 2603: 2599: 2593: 2590: 2585: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2550: 2547: 2543: 2537: 2534: 2529: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2492: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2457: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2444: 2441: 2435: 2431: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2415: 2412: 2408: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2377: 2374: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2324: 2319: 2316: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2269: 2268:ram ooak pran 2265: 2262: 2259: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2209:Ram ooak pran 2207: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2161:Ram kien pral 2159: 2156: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2133:Ram taeng kae 2130: 2129:Ram taeng kae 2127: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2101:southern Thai 2098: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2084: 2081: 2080: 2076: 2070: 2063: 2058: 2051: 2046: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2029: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1988: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1911:Dance of the 1910: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1886: 1880: 1873: 1868: 1864: 1861:Dancers at a 1857: 1852: 1849: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1837:musical scale 1834: 1833: 1828: 1824: 1823:Isan language 1820: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1728: 1727:Krabi krabong 1722: 1717: 1714:practitioners 1713: 1712:Krabi krabong 1707: 1702: 1698: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1679: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1665:krabi krabong 1662: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1640: 1636: 1635:Rabam chao na 1633: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1600: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1550: 1546: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1532: 1529: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1510:partner dance 1507: 1497: 1486: 1472: 1464: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1451: 1448:matches. The 1447: 1446: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1407: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1386: 1381: 1375: 1373: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1342: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1313:, and chhing 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1289:(music), len 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1234: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1221:Kings Norodom 1218: 1212: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1127: 1126: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1075: 1074:jong kra bane 1071: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1035:and costume. 1034: 1033:Burmese music 1030: 1026: 1020: 1013: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 982: 975: 966: 962: 956: 953: 951: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 912: 905: 902: 900: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 881: 876: 875: 870: 869: 864: 860: 859: 854: 850: 846: 841: 837: 836:Lakhon chatri 833: 826: 821: 815: 812: 809: 804: 802: 793: 785: 781: 779: 775: 774: 768: 765: 759: 754: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 731: 723: 719: 715: 710: 703: 701: 699: 695: 691: 687: 682: 680: 676: 672: 668: 667:Khmer dancers 664: 660: 659: 654: 653: 648: 647: 642: 641: 636: 628: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 567: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 528: 516: 512: 508: 504: 503: 498: 490: 486: 482: 474: 470: 466: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 434:Tai languages 431: 426: 420: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 387: 383: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 356: 353: 348: 342: 333: 329: 325: 317: 313: 309: 306: 302: 301:Fon Oen Khwan 298: 294: 293:Tai languages 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 250:Tai languages 243: 239: 235: 232: 231: 230: 228: 224: 223:Thai language 220: 215: 212: 206: 197: 193: 188: 182: 173: 169: 164: 158: 149: 145: 141: 133: 129: 121: 117: 109: 107: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 78: 73: 61: 56: 44: 40: 32: 19: 4697:Asian dances 4602:Dependencies 4532:Turkmenistan 4521: 4497:Saudi Arabia 4167:Architecture 4119: 4098:Martial arts 4019:Architecture 3910:Demographics 3898:Prostitution 3893:Lèse majesté 3739:Car industry 3732:Central bank 3590:Human rights 3563:Constitution 3244: 3215: 3206: 3194: 3185: 3173: 3164: 3160: 3150: 3138: 3105: 3101: 3095: 3084: 3074: 3067: 3047: 3040: 3032: 3027: 3015: 3010:, p. 20 3008:Brandon 1967 3003: 2994: 2984: 2969: 2964: 2949: 2944: 2927: 2913: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2882: 2877: 2869: 2864: 2852:. Retrieved 2848:the original 2838: 2824: 2807: 2795:. Retrieved 2789: 2761: 2756: 2747: 2741: 2732: 2728: 2722: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2688: 2683: 2675: 2670: 2655: 2650: 2642: 2634: 2624: 2617: 2610: 2605: 2597: 2592: 2568: 2554: 2549: 2541: 2536: 2527: 2518: 2507: 2496: 2491: 2475: 2455: 2448: 2443: 2433: 2419: 2414: 2406: 2381: 2376: 2329:Manora Dance 2301: 2281: 2277: 2267: 2263: 2257: 2252: 2251:: the seven 2248: 2244: 2240: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2202: 2198: 2192: 2180: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2154: 2150: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2123:Nora tua oon 2122: 2119:Nora tua oon 2118: 2114: 2111:Nora tua oon 2110: 2104: 2096: 2095:(called the 2087: 2082: 2026: 2022: 2014: 2008:martial arts 1999: 1993: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1964: 1958: 1953:sword sheath 1944: 1940: 1928: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1842: 1830: 1814: 1810: 1804: 1800: 1793:propitiatory 1789:Fon Phu Thai 1788: 1782: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1756: 1753:serng kratip 1752: 1748: 1744: 1726: 1711: 1697:Thoet thoeng 1696: 1664: 1660: 1655:rice-growing 1634: 1628: 1620: 1608: 1603:choreography 1586: 1566: 1562: 1556: 1543: 1534: 1515: 1512:in a circle. 1505: 1495: 1457: 1449: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1430: 1423: 1419: 1413: 1411: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1371: 1368: 1356: 1351: 1343: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1239: 1214: 1206: 1199: 1187:Khmer Empire 1184: 1173: 1163: 1157: 1147: 1143: 1123: 1113: 1107: 1093: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1059: 1045: 1038: 1037: 1024: 1018: 998: 994: 986: 980: 960: 959: 954: 935: 931: 928:Choreography 915: 914: 903: 878: 872: 866: 862: 856: 851:, including 848: 844: 843: 813: 806: 798: 777: 771: 769: 763: 761: 756: 750: 746: 729: 727: 722:Francis Chit 697: 693: 689: 685: 683: 678: 656: 650: 644: 638: 634: 632: 614: 606: 602: 598: 586: 578: 574: 570: 568: 555: 547: 543: 539: 510: 500: 496: 494: 488: 484: 468: 461: 457: 453: 445: 441: 437: 429: 405: 401: 397: 393: 392:). The term 381: 369: 365: 351: 327: 311: 304: 300: 280: 276: 261: 258:Fon Khan Dok 257: 237: 236:. The term, 226: 218: 216: 191: 167: 143: 139: 127: 115: 113: 38: 37: 4661:Asia portal 4562:States with 4482:Philippines 4422:South Korea 4417:North Korea 4312:Afghanistan 4216:Video games 3808:Measurement 3714:Agriculture 3467:Earthquakes 3406:Archaeology 3340:Tai peoples 3143:Maurel 2002 2907:Nokor Khmer 2854:5 September 2312:traditions. 2302:krabang naa 2169:ram ko soet 2004:calligraphy 1984:kan nam tao 1945:king ka lai 1937:sword dance 1921:nantha-peri 1919:drums: The 1913:Nantha-peri 1901:Fon sao mai 1893:Fon sao mai 1811:Serng krapo 1767:(cymbals), 1587:Ram si nuan 1372:Siamization 1159:Yama Zatdaw 893:Indian arts 718:King Rama V 640:Mahābhārata 275:. The term 4692:Thai dance 4676:Categories 4542:Uzbekistan 4517:Tajikistan 4432:Kyrgyzstan 4412:Kazakhstan 4332:Bangladesh 4322:Azerbaijan 4076:Literature 3888:Corruption 3803:Inventions 3721:(currency) 3654:Parliament 3622:Ministries 3585:Government 3573:Commission 3472:Ecoregions 3390:since 2001 3330:Prehistory 3323:Chronology 2797:16 October 2763:Washington 2456:Thieo Isan 2368:References 2290:bas-relief 1965:King-ka-la 1939:, and the 1805:gong ching 1801:gong ching 1783:Serng Isan 1651:Mae Po Sop 1629:teut-teung 1621:teut-teung 1617:รำเถิดเทิง 1531:kickboxing 1408:Folk dance 1404:'s reign. 1029:Chiang Rai 991:Chiang Mai 853:folk tales 840:Lakhon nok 832:Lakhon nai 739:King Narai 694:lakhon nai 671:Angkor Wat 658:lakhon nai 652:lakhon nok 425:raṃ, rapaṃ 360:and Upper 104:folk dance 68:pronounced 51:pronounced 4628:Hong Kong 4582:Palestine 4507:Sri Lanka 4502:Singapore 4382:Indonesia 4066:Festivals 4061:Etiquette 4014:Animation 3981:Squatting 3922:Education 3835:Transport 3754:Renewable 3642:Air Force 3607:Judiciary 3568:Elections 3517:Volcanoes 3502:Provinces 3492:Mountains 3447:Addresses 3435:Geography 3416:Education 3385:1973–2001 3380:1932–1973 3130:146881782 2978:72-600290 2584:2213-0527 2294:Borobudur 2286:Srivijaya 2243:teacher, 2179:. In the 2141:crocodile 2023:phin-phia 2015:phin-phia 1832:pong lang 1821:' in the 1761:long drum 1643:ระบำชาวนา 1568:muay Thai 1536:muay Thai 1445:muay Thai 1365:) notes: 1259:Ayutthaya 1247:Ayutthaya 1217:Ang Duong 1202:Ang Duong 1136:Ayutthaya 1066:Fon ngiew 1025:fon ngiew 801:James Low 773:muay Thai 735:Louis XIV 663:Ayutthaya 495:The term 419:romanized 414:រាំ, របាំ 341:romanized 324:Old Khmer 217:The term 205:romanized 181:romanized 157:romanized 110:Etymology 4651:Category 4572:Abkhazia 4522:Thailand 4477:Pakistan 4457:Mongolia 4452:Maldives 4447:Malaysia 4347:Cambodia 4251:Category 4093:Marriage 4071:Folklore 4041:Clothing 3976:Religion 3966:Language 3959:COVID-19 3944:Gambling 3939:Feminism 3878:Abortion 3850:Railways 3840:Airports 3649:Monarchy 3627:Military 3617:Localism 3541:Politics 3522:Wildlife 3421:Military 3411:Economic 3399:By topic 3335:Peopling 3307:articles 3303:Thailand 3167:(1): 56. 3122:23749987 3022:, p. 306 2611:The Khon 2336:See also 2306:Javanese 2258:kinnaree 2253:kinnaree 2236:kinnaree 2037:plectrum 2019:tonality 1994:Khan Dok 1865:festival 1863:Yasothon 1797:Phu Thai 1678:Thailand 1595:รำศรีนวล 1571:matches. 1544:Wai khru 1516:Ram muay 1458:Ram wong 1440:wai khru 1436:ram muay 1431:wai khru 1425:ram muay 1390:Ramayana 1363:Thailand 1339:สังวาลย์ 1309:, chhab 1301:, ranat 1271:Lan Xang 1249:invaded 1230:— 1225:Sisowath 1191:Thailand 1176:Cambodia 1170:Cambodia 1164:Ramayana 1148:Ramayana 1144:Ramakien 1140:Konbaung 1060:Fon tian 1007:ฟ้อนเล็บ 940:Costumes 936:Ramakien 874:Ramayana 868:Ramakien 825:Manohara 778:muay Lao 675:Cambodia 629:Overview 591:Javanese 583:Javanese 564:Ramayana 560:Ramakien 378:รำ, ระบำ 229:namely, 196:Sanskrit 172:Sanskrit 148:Sanskrit 124:นาฏศิลป์ 92:high art 84:Thailand 82:form in 77:dramatic 47:นาฏศิลป์ 4547:Vietnam 4462:Myanmar 4442:Lebanon 4372:Georgia 4327:Bahrain 4317:Armenia 4235:Outline 4145:Aquatic 4135:Symbols 4046:Cuisine 4006:Culture 3866:Society 3830:Tourism 3749:Nuclear 3702:Economy 3558:Cabinet 3507:Regions 3487:Islands 3462:Climate 3452:Borders 3315:History 3266:English 2735:(3): 5. 2716:(3): 6. 2528:Sealang 2508:Sealang 2211:: In a 1990:Buddha. 1980:pi joom 1947:dances. 1941:kai lai 1933:Tai Lue 1819:coconut 1553:ไหว้ครู 1434:. Both 1394:Reamker 1348:notes: 1327:จำเรียง 1253:. When 1195:Vietnam 1090:Myanmar 1070:fon lep 1050:chignon 1046:Fon lep 1019:fon lep 1014:: 999:fon lep 976:: 897:legends 536:Iranian 532:Bengali 421:: 343:: 207:: 183:: 159:: 136:นาฏกรรม 128:Natakam 116:Natasin 100:low art 86:. 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