Knowledge (XXG)

Daqiqi

Source 📝

1233: 344: 1247: 1578: 610: 1240: 267:
have been described as his birthplace; the latter seems more likely. His religion belief is disputed amongst scholars. Although he had a Muslim name, this "was not in itself proof of any religious beliefs, since numerous prominent Iranian scholars and officials converted to Islam during the early
425:
Daqiqi's small part, which included around 1,000 verses, was maintained in the Shahnameh; his technique is more old-fashioned compared to that of Ferdowsi, and also "dry and devoid of the similes and images that are to be found in Ferdowsi's poetry" (Khaleghi-Motlagh). This was mentioned in the
407:. The rapid growth of interest in ancient Iranian history made Ferdowsi continue the work of Daqiqi, completing the Shahnameh in 994, only a few years before the fall of the Samanid Empire. He later completed a second version of the Shahnameh in 1010, which he presented to the 3660:
Contemporary Persian and Classical Persian are the same language, but writers since 1900 are classified as contemporary. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Today it is the official language of
1232: 524:
Dahlén, Ashk (2016), "Literary Interest in Zoroastrianism in Tenth-Century Iran: The Case of Daqiqi's Account of Goshtāsp and Zarathustra in the Shāhnāmeh", in Williams, Alan; Stewart, Sarah (eds.),
218:
Daqiqi was born around some time after 932. Like many other Iranian grandees and scholarly of the early Middle Ages, Daqiqi was most likely born into a family of Iranian landowners (
392:). Under the Samanids, ancient Iranian legends and heroic traditions were taken in special interest, thus inspiring Daqiqi to write the Shahnameh ("The Book of Kings"), a long 343: 268:
Islamic period in order to maintain their means of livelihood but practised Zoroastrianism in secret" (Tafazzoli). His birthplace, Tus, was at that time a predominantly
224:), or at least was descended from such a class. During this period there was a large amount of growth in literature, mostly in poetry. It was under the Iranian 4308: 3702: 1614: 1667: 324:
favor a Zoroastrian origin for Daqiqi. In one of Daqiqi's verses, he applauds the Zoroastrian religion as one of the four things most important to him;
426:
Shahnameh by Ferdowsi, who although admired him, also criticized his poetic style, and considered it inappropriate for the national epic of Iran.
316:). Some quotations from Daqiqi's poetic verses, however, show a strong veneration towards Zoroastrianism, which have led to many scholars such as 399:
He was, however reportedly murdered by his slave in 977. Only a small part of Shahnameh had been completed, which was about the conflict between
4323: 288:, was an adherent of Shia Islam. Many Shi'ite Muslims were proud of their ancient Iranian heritage, which resulted in them being described as 561: 4338: 643: 1536: 582: 535: 4287: 3695: 2050: 1662: 1607: 2213: 3631: 3062: 4328: 3993: 2702: 1722: 3806: 2810: 794: 4212: 4134: 4018: 3688: 3494: 2513: 1600: 1390: 4109: 4013: 1992: 368: 4343: 3913: 3776: 2785: 2591: 1311: 1002: 236:
and was formally recognized. The advancement of an Islamic New Persian literature thus started in Transoxiana and
4207: 4063: 3918: 2815: 1742: 1686: 1541: 1460: 3968: 3898: 2273: 2096: 321: 3741: 3731: 3315: 3258: 3199: 4282: 3908: 3786: 3736: 3580: 3184: 3179: 3164: 3075: 2575: 2500: 636: 281: 4023: 3923: 3893: 3872: 3847: 3032: 2583: 2306: 1443: 1367: 1246: 3978: 3821: 3425: 3253: 3230: 3169: 3085: 2012: 1783: 1702: 1508: 4202: 2832: 2236: 178:, but was killed in 977 after only completing 1,000 verses. His work was continued by his contemporary 4313: 4058: 4053: 4038: 4033: 3973: 3958: 3811: 3465: 3330: 3310: 3248: 3007: 2677: 2342: 2327: 2257: 2218: 2163: 2045: 1976: 1859: 1727: 1652: 1647: 1636: 1468: 1452: 982: 912: 867: 847: 812: 764: 726: 574:
History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Age of Achievement, A.D. 750 to the end of the 15th-century
4318: 3948: 3796: 3390: 3129: 3047: 2899: 2884: 2800: 2707: 2664: 2508: 2171: 992: 872: 277: 273: 593: 3953: 3746: 3534: 3519: 3489: 3350: 3194: 2935: 2853: 2722: 2223: 2124: 1879: 1818: 1773: 1732: 1717: 1623: 1581: 1552: 1435: 1167: 1142: 1137: 1068: 967: 957: 947: 857: 673: 629: 229: 183: 4242: 4227: 2740: 317: 4257: 4232: 4129: 3862: 3600: 3539: 3445: 3410: 3395: 3380: 3291: 3154: 3067: 3027: 3012: 2930: 2925: 2838: 2745: 2697: 2439: 2291: 2228: 2081: 2025: 1854: 1697: 1563: 1558: 1531: 1476: 927: 578: 557: 549: 531: 4333: 4277: 4272: 4144: 3781: 3712: 3621: 3450: 3440: 3400: 3385: 3365: 3345: 3340: 3273: 3149: 3116: 3052: 2950: 2945: 2780: 2692: 2659: 2447: 2337: 2119: 1762: 1484: 1327: 1200: 837: 736: 412: 408: 237: 207: 163: 145: 68: 3928: 3636: 3595: 3554: 3460: 3415: 3375: 3174: 3139: 3100: 3095: 3042: 2795: 2770: 2750: 2727: 2717: 2672: 2545: 2476: 2263: 2200: 2109: 2086: 2076: 2020: 1947: 1778: 1526: 1516: 1210: 942: 842: 545: 422:). However, his work was not as appreciated by the Ghaznavids as it was by the Samanids. 4262: 4252: 4159: 4093: 4083: 4008: 3988: 3877: 3605: 3590: 3585: 3575: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3484: 3455: 3420: 3355: 3335: 3325: 3268: 3204: 3159: 3144: 3022: 2987: 2955: 2915: 2894: 2889: 2874: 2805: 2790: 2687: 2532: 2386: 2296: 2155: 1960: 1377: 1372: 1215: 1205: 774: 525: 303: 225: 167: 106: 72: 4302: 4267: 4237: 4164: 3867: 3641: 3626: 3549: 3544: 3529: 3524: 3499: 3360: 3320: 3238: 3090: 3080: 3057: 3037: 2940: 2869: 2820: 2755: 2712: 2484: 2399: 2376: 2371: 2301: 2283: 2268: 2253: 2249: 2176: 2091: 1997: 1968: 1931: 1905: 1864: 1752: 1546: 1094: 897: 802: 615: 293: 241: 171: 110: 4169: 4119: 4078: 3816: 3801: 3559: 3435: 3405: 3243: 3209: 3134: 3124: 3017: 2971: 2828: 2765: 2682: 2537: 2489: 2468: 2431: 2415: 2391: 2366: 2241: 2208: 2035: 1984: 1874: 1757: 1712: 1521: 1045: 4043: 749: 744: 202:. He is generally known in sources by his pen-name, Daqiqi (meaning "accurate" in 572: 4247: 4088: 4073: 4068: 4048: 4028: 3766: 3751: 3726: 3670: 3430: 3283: 3263: 3189: 2879: 2775: 2732: 2463: 1737: 1278: 1273: 1157: 1063: 1020: 917: 759: 754: 372: 313: 233: 4217: 4124: 3998: 3983: 3963: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3903: 3842: 3791: 3756: 3666: 3370: 3278: 3225: 2760: 2195: 2104: 2055: 2040: 2007: 1955: 1939: 1926: 1869: 1747: 1337: 1050: 1015: 769: 605: 554:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs
289: 195: 4003: 3857: 3771: 2322: 1848: 1657: 1357: 1286: 1265: 1177: 902: 822: 779: 711: 653: 400: 393: 364: 356: 352: 348: 264: 252: 175: 133: 129: 64: 609: 308: 1239: 329:
Daqiqi has chosen four qualities of all good and evil things in the world:
284:, it is thus likely that Daqiqi, possibly like fellow poet and Tus-native 4149: 3852: 3826: 3761: 2407: 2114: 1887: 1844: 1382: 1306: 1172: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1055: 1025: 907: 862: 701: 691: 681: 658: 382: 285: 179: 621: 4222: 2920: 2136: 2060: 2002: 1707: 1362: 1301: 1291: 1195: 1117: 1112: 1040: 1035: 1010: 977: 937: 932: 827: 784: 696: 686: 248: 2129: 182:, who would later become celebrated as the most influential figure in 4174: 4114: 3680: 2567: 2347: 2144: 1910: 1900: 1895: 1834: 1592: 1342: 1296: 1162: 1147: 1089: 1030: 987: 972: 952: 892: 887: 807: 716: 475: 473: 471: 404: 220: 203: 882: 877: 375:, and was later invited to the Samanid court by the Samanid ruler ( 4184: 2599: 2332: 2030: 1352: 1347: 1332: 1152: 1104: 962: 922: 852: 832: 817: 342: 298: 256: 4179: 4154: 3662: 2381: 2278: 1078: 721: 706: 527:
The Zoroastrian Flame: Exploring Religion, History and Tradition
377: 269: 260: 3684: 2629: 1800: 1684: 1634: 1596: 625: 592:
Khaleghi-Motlagh, Djalal (1993). "DAQĪQĪ, ABŪ MANṢŪR AḤMAD".
1245: 1238: 1231: 556:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 136–161. 194:
Daqiqi's personal name was Muhammad ibn Ahmad, whilst his
492: 490: 488: 170:
era. He was the first to undertake the creation of the
446: 444: 442: 440: 438: 4193: 4102: 3886: 3835: 3719: 3614: 3568: 3474: 3300: 3218: 3109: 3000: 2980: 2964: 2908: 2862: 2846: 2653: 2640: 2560: 2525: 2456: 2424: 2359: 2315: 2188: 2069: 1919: 1827: 1811: 1496: 1428: 1399: 1320: 1256: 1186: 1103: 1077: 1001: 793: 735: 672: 665: 124: 116: 102: 94: 86: 78: 54: 38: 21: 247:Daqiqi's place of birth is disputed−the cities of 333:Old red wine and the Zoroastrian religion!  479: 1663:Inscription of Xerxes the Great in Van Fortress 326: 3696: 1608: 637: 331:Ruby-coloured lips and the sound of the lute. 157: 43: 27: 8: 363:Daqiqi began his career at the court of the 3703: 3689: 3681: 2650: 2637: 2626: 1808: 1797: 1681: 1668:Achaemenid inscription in the Kharg Island 1631: 1615: 1601: 1593: 669: 644: 630: 622: 45: 29: 18: 3669:and one of the two official languages of 496: 462: 198:was Abu Mansur, thus his full name being 595:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, Fasc. 6 434: 450: 396:based on the history of the Iranians. 276:'s governorship had become the hub of 7: 571:Litvinsky, Ahmad Hasan Dani (1998). 508: 200:Abu Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Ahmad Daqīqī 59:Abu Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Ahmad Daqīqī 4309:10th-century Persian-language poets 158: 149: 14: 1703:Counsels of Adurbad-e Mahrspandan 530:, I.B. Tauris, pp. 249–276, 244:, the homeland of the Persians. 162:), was one of the most prominent 1577: 1576: 1406:Gonbadan Castle (Dez-i Gonbadan) 608: 3632:Mohammad Ebrahim Bastani Parizi 3063:Mohammad Hanif (Iranian writer) 417: 387: 2703:Mahmoud Mosharraf Azad Tehrani 1723:Karnamak-i Artaxshir-i Papakan 355:killing Zarir, the brother of 1: 4324:Poets from the Samanid Empire 2811:Mohammad-Reza Shafiei Kadkani 2051:Abu'l Hasan Mihyar al-Daylami 1415:Bahman Castle (Dezh-i Bahman) 1418:Alanan Castle (Dezh-i Alanan 2514:Mohammad Qoli Salim Tehrani 369:Abu'l Muzaffar ibn Muhammad 4360: 4339:Ancient Persian literature 2592:Mirza Mohammad Taqi Sepehr 1412:Sepid Castle (Dezh-i Sepid 1409:Roein Castle (Dez-i Roein) 152:), better simply known as 3658: 2816:Mohammad-Hossein Shahriar 2636: 2625: 2352:Emad al-Din Faqih Kermani 1807: 1796: 1743:Shahrestanha-ye Eranshahr 1693: 1680: 1643: 1630: 1572: 1229: 44: 28: 3231:Mirza Fatali Akhundzadeh 2274:Zartosht Bahram e Pazhdo 2097:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi 1993:Fakhruddin As'ad Gurgani 1653:Old Persian inscriptions 552:. In Frye, R. N. (ed.). 4283:Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk 4263:Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani 3581:Houshang Moradi Kermani 3185:Houshang Moradi Kermani 3180:Jaafar Modarres-Sadeghi 3165:Mohammad-Ali Jamalzadeh 3076:Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei 2576:Zayn al-Abidin Shirvani 2550:Abbas Foroughi Bastami 214:Background and religion 4213:Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrallah 4208:Abu'l-Hasan Isfarayini 3894:Abu Dawud al-Sijistani 3033:Ghassem Hashemi Nezhad 2584:Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat 2205:Shams al-Din Qays Razi 1948:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 1542:Rostam's Seven Labours 1421:Gang Castle (Gang-Dez) 1250: 1243: 1236: 360: 336: 4329:People from Tus, Iran 4110:Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr 3994:Ibn Tayfour Sajawandi 3822:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi 3732:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi 3569:Children's literature 3426:Rasoul Mollagholipour 3316:Rakhshan Bani-E'temad 3259:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi 3254:Alireza Koushk Jalali 3200:Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi 3086:Shahriyar Mandanipour 2328:Shah Ni'matullah Wali 2172:Kamal al-Din Esfahani 2013:Ayn-al-Quzat Hamadani 1784:Shikand-gumanig Vizar 1767:Anthology of Zadspram 1537:Rostam and Esfandiyar 1249: 1242: 1235: 480:Khaleghi-Motlagh 1993 346: 128:Writing the story of 4218:Abu Muslim Khorasani 3924:Abu Qasim Samarqandi 3914:Abu Layth Samarqandi 3812:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 3787:Abu Ja'far al-Khazin 3466:Sohrab Shahid-Saless 3331:Pouran Derakhshandeh 3311:Mohammad Reza Aslani 3249:Amir Reza Koohestani 3008:Ali Mohammad Afghani 2678:Mohammad Reza Aslani 2607:Mahmud Saba Kashani 2343:Fazlallah Astarabadi 2219:Afdal al-Din Kashani 2214:Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī 2164:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 2046:Afdal al-Din Kashani 1860:Abu Tahir Khosrovani 1648:Behistun Inscription 993:Eskandar (Alexander) 282:Encyclopædia Iranica 3391:Varuzh Karim-Masihi 3130:Abolhassan Etessami 3048:Mahmoud Dowlatabadi 2900:Abdul Ali Mustaghni 2885:Khalilullah Khalili 2825:Manouchehr Sheybani 2801:Tahereh Saffarzadeh 2708:Mohammad-Taqi Bahar 2665:Mehdi Akhavan-Sales 2307:Zu'l-Fiqar Shirvani 2152:Faramarz-e Khodadad 1738:Shabuhragan of Mani 598:. pp. 661–662. 482:, pp. 661–662. 280:. According to the 278:Iranian nationalism 274:Abu Mansur Muhammad 4203:Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi 4084:Tha'labi Nishapuri 3899:Abu Barakat Nasafi 3727:Abu Hatam Isfizari 3535:Ebrahim Pourdavoud 3520:Ahmad Kamyabi Mask 3490:Najaf Daryabandari 3351:Behrouz Gharibpour 3195:Shahrnush Parsipur 3170:Aboutorab Khosravi 3072:Aboutorab Khosravi 2936:Gulrukhsor Safieva 2854:Edward Haghverdian 2518:Rasa Salim Tehrani 2237:Abu'l Majd Tabrizi 2224:Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi 1880:Abusaeid Abolkheir 1819:Muhammad ibn Wasif 1774:Zand-i Wahman yasn 1733:Dana-i Menog Khrat 1718:Book of Arda Viraf 1624:Persian literature 1553:Khosrow and Shirin 1391:Other locations... 1251: 1244: 1237: 361: 296:and classified as 230:Persian literature 184:Persian literature 120:Persian revivalism 4344:Arab slave owners 4296: 4295: 4258:Khalid ibn Barmak 4233:Ata-Malik Juvayni 4196:political figures 4103:Poets and artists 3959:Fatima Samarqandi 3863:Haji Bektash Veli 3742:Abu Ubayd Juzjani 3678: 3677: 3654: 3653: 3650: 3649: 3601:Farhad Hasanzadeh 3540:Hamid Samandarian 3481:Amrollah Abjadian 3446:Fereydoun Rahnema 3411:Mohsen Makhmalbaf 3396:Samuel Khachikian 3381:Ebrahim Hatamikia 3292:Mohammad Yaghoubi 3288:Mirza Aqa Tabrizi 3155:Houshang Golshiri 3068:Houshang Golshiri 3028:Mahshid Amirshahi 3013:Ghazaleh Alizadeh 2996: 2995: 2931:Abolqasem Lahouti 2926:Iskandar Khatloni 2839:Fereydoon Moshiri 2786:Mohammad Mokhtari 2746:Forugh Farrokhzad 2698:Manouchehr Atashi 2621: 2620: 2617: 2616: 2610: 2604: 2596: 2588: 2580: 2572: 2553: 2542: 2505: 2501:Abdul-Qādir Bēdil 2494: 2481: 2473: 2444: 2440:Muhtasham Kashani 2436: 2412: 2404: 2396: 2292:Nozhat al-Majales 2288: 2246: 2233: 2229:Mahmud Shabistari 2196:Abu Tahir Tarsusi 2181: 2168: 2160: 2149: 2141: 2133: 2101: 2082:Suzani Samarqandi 2026:Abu-al-Faraj Runi 2017: 1989: 1981: 1977:Masud Sa'd Salman 1973: 1965: 1952: 1944: 1936: 1892: 1884: 1855:Abu Shakur Balkhi 1792: 1791: 1728:Cube of Zoroaster 1698:Ayadgar-i Zariran 1676: 1675: 1590: 1589: 1564:Persian mythology 1559:Bijan and Manijeh 1532:Rostam and Sohrab 1227: 1226: 1003:Female characters 983:Rostam Farrokhzād 928:Zangay-i Shavaran 563:978-0-521-20093-6 272:city, and during 142:Abu Mansur Daqiqi 139: 138: 4351: 4288:Shihab al-Nasawi 4273:Tahir ibn Husayn 4145:Farrukhi Sistani 4120:Aruzi Samarqandi 3919:Abu Mu'in Nasafi 3887:Islamic scholars 3705: 3698: 3691: 3682: 3622:Aydin Aghdashloo 3451:Rasul Sadr Ameli 3441:Kambuzia Partovi 3401:Abbas Kiarostami 3386:Abdolreza Kahani 3366:Ebrahim Golestan 3346:Farrokh Ghaffari 3341:Bahman Farmanara 3274:Abbas Nalbandian 3150:Ebrahim Golestan 3117:Jalal Al-e-Ahmad 3053:Soudabeh Fazaeli 2951:Mirzo Tursunzoda 2946:Payrav Sulaymoni 2781:Shams Langeroodi 2737:Parviz Eslampour 2693:Aminollah Rezaei 2660:Ahmadreza Ahmadi 2651: 2638: 2627: 2608: 2602: 2594: 2586: 2578: 2570: 2551: 2540: 2509:Naw'i Khabushani 2503: 2492: 2479: 2471: 2442: 2434: 2410: 2402: 2394: 2338:Abu Ali Qalandar 2286: 2244: 2231: 2179: 2166: 2158: 2147: 2139: 2127: 2120:Najm al-Din Razi 2099: 2015: 1987: 1979: 1971: 1963: 1950: 1942: 1934: 1890: 1882: 1809: 1798: 1763:Dadestan-i Denig 1682: 1632: 1617: 1610: 1603: 1594: 1580: 1579: 1201:House of Goudarz 670: 646: 639: 632: 623: 618: 613: 612: 599: 588: 567: 540: 512: 506: 500: 494: 483: 477: 466: 460: 454: 448: 421: 419: 391: 389: 351:illustration of 161: 160: 151: 49: 48: 47: 33: 32: 31: 19: 4359: 4358: 4354: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4349: 4348: 4299: 4298: 4297: 4292: 4243:Abu Ali Bal'ami 4228:Ali-Shir Nava'i 4195: 4189: 4130:Attar Nishapuri 4098: 3979:Hakim Nishapuri 3909:Abu Hafs Nasafi 3882: 3831: 3747:Abu Zayd Balkhi 3715: 3709: 3679: 3674: 3646: 3637:Ehsan Yarshater 3610: 3596:Poopak NikTalab 3564: 3555:Ahmad Tafazzoli 3470: 3461:Parviz Shahbazi 3416:Dariush Mehrjui 3376:Abolfazl Jalili 3296: 3214: 3175:Mostafa Mastoor 3140:Simin Daneshvar 3105: 3101:Iraj Pezeshkzad 3096:Mansour Koushan 3043:Simin Daneshvar 2992: 2976: 2960: 2904: 2858: 2842: 2833:She'r-e Nimaa'i 2796:Yadollah Royaee 2771:Siavash Kasraie 2751:Hossein Monzavi 2741:Parvin E'tesami 2728:Hushang Ebtehaj 2718:Simin Behbahani 2673:Qeysar Aminpour 2649: 2632: 2613: 2556: 2546:Neshat Esfahani 2521: 2477:Asir-e Esfahani 2452: 2420: 2355: 2311: 2264:Bahram-e-Pazhdo 2201:Awhadi Maraghai 2184: 2110:Falaki Shirvani 2087:Hassan Ghaznavi 2065: 2061:Mahsati Ganjavi 2021:Uthman Mukhtari 1915: 1823: 1803: 1788: 1779:Drakht-i Asurig 1689: 1672: 1639: 1626: 1621: 1591: 1586: 1568: 1527:Zal and Rudabeh 1517:Derafsh Kaviani 1492: 1464:of Shah Tahmasp 1424: 1395: 1316: 1258: 1252: 1223: 1211:House of Nowzar 1188: 1182: 1099: 1073: 997: 795:Male characters 789: 731: 661: 650: 614: 607: 603: 591: 585: 570: 564: 544: 538: 523: 520: 515: 507: 503: 495: 486: 478: 469: 461: 457: 449: 436: 432: 420: 998–1030 416: 386: 341: 335: 332: 330: 216: 192: 63: 61: 50: 34: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4357: 4355: 4347: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4301: 4300: 4294: 4293: 4291: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4253:Ibn Khordadbeh 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4199: 4197: 4194:Historians and 4191: 4190: 4188: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4106: 4104: 4100: 4099: 4097: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3974:Hakim Tirmidhi 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3890: 3888: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3837: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3716: 3710: 3708: 3707: 3700: 3693: 3685: 3676: 3675: 3659: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3618: 3616: 3612: 3611: 3609: 3608: 3606:Ramak NikTalab 3603: 3598: 3593: 3591:Hengameh Mofid 3588: 3586:Babak NikTalab 3583: 3578: 3576:Samad Behrangi 3572: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3515:Saleh Hosseini 3512: 3510:Ramak NikTalab 3507: 3505:Sadegh Hedayat 3502: 3497: 3495:Mohammad Ghazi 3492: 3487: 3485:Jaleh Amouzgar 3482: 3478: 3476: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3456:Mohammad Sadri 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3423: 3421:Reza Mirkarimi 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3356:Bahman Ghobadi 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3336:Asghar Farhadi 3333: 3328: 3326:Hajir Darioush 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3269:Hengameh Mofid 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3235:Mohsen Yalfani 3233: 3228: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3205:Bahram Sadeghi 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3160:Sadegh Hedayat 3157: 3152: 3147: 3145:Nader Ebrahimi 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3119: 3113: 3111: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3023:Reza Amirkhani 3020: 3015: 3010: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2990: 2988:Muhammad Iqbal 2984: 2982: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2974: 2968: 2966: 2962: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2956:Satim Ulugzade 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2916:Sadriddin Ayni 2912: 2910: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2902: 2897: 2895:Massoud Nawabi 2892: 2890:Youssof Kohzad 2887: 2882: 2877: 2875:Wasef Bakhtari 2872: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2836: 2826: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2806:Sohrab Sepehri 2803: 2798: 2793: 2791:Nosrat Rahmani 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2688:Ahmad NikTalab 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2669:Hormoz Alipour 2667: 2662: 2657: 2655: 2648: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2623: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2611: 2605: 2597: 2589: 2581: 2573: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2557: 2555: 2554: 2548: 2543: 2535: 2533:Hatef Esfahani 2529: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2498: 2495: 2487: 2482: 2480:(c. 1620–1648) 2474: 2466: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2437: 2428: 2426: 2422: 2421: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2405: 2397: 2389: 2387:Kamal Khujandi 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2354: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2297:Khwaju Kermani 2294: 2289: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2247: 2239: 2234: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2203: 2198: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2185: 2183: 2182: 2174: 2169: 2161: 2156:Nizami Ganjavi 2153: 2150: 2142: 2134: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1982: 1974: 1966: 1961:Qatran Tabrizi 1958: 1953: 1945: 1937: 1929: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1885: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1842: 1837: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1821: 1815: 1813: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1787: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1713:Book of Jamasp 1710: 1705: 1700: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1685: 1678: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1620: 1619: 1612: 1605: 1597: 1588: 1587: 1585: 1584: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1567: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1506: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1490: 1482: 1474: 1466: 1458: 1450: 1441: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1423: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1380: 1378:Mount Damavand 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1317: 1315: 1314: 1312:White Elephant 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1268: 1262: 1260: 1254: 1253: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1216:House of Sasan 1213: 1208: 1206:House of Viseh 1203: 1198: 1192: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1109: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1098: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1083: 1081: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1007: 1005: 999: 998: 996: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 799: 797: 791: 790: 788: 787: 782: 777: 775:Humay Chehrzad 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 741: 739: 733: 732: 730: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 678: 676: 667: 663: 662: 651: 649: 648: 641: 634: 626: 620: 619: 601: 600: 589: 583: 568: 562: 550:"The Sāmānids" 542: 536: 519: 516: 514: 513: 511:, p. 154. 501: 497:Litvinsky 1998 484: 467: 463:Litvinsky 1998 455: 433: 431: 428: 390: 961–976 340: 337: 327: 226:Samanid Empire 215: 212: 191: 188: 150:ابومنصور دقیقی 137: 136: 126: 122: 121: 118: 114: 113: 107:Persian poetry 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 73:Samanid Empire 56: 52: 51: 42: 40: 36: 35: 22: 16:Persian writer 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4356: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4306: 4304: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4278:Yahya Barmaki 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4268:Nizam al-Mulk 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4192: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4165:Nasir Khusraw 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4101: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4029:Mulla al-Qari 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3868:Nasir Khusraw 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3777:Hasib Marwazi 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3706: 3701: 3699: 3694: 3692: 3687: 3686: 3683: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3657: 3643: 3642:Ahmad Kasravi 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3627:Ali Latifiyan 3625: 3623: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3613: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3567: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3550:Jafar Shahidi 3548: 3546: 3545:Jalal Sattari 3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3530:Mohammad Moin 3528: 3526: 3525:Ahmad Shamlou 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3500:Lili Golestan 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3473: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3361:Fereydun Gole 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3332: 3329: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3321:Bahram Beyzai 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3307:Saeed Aghighi 3306: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3239:Bahram Beyzai 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3223: 3221: 3217: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110:Short stories 3108: 3102: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3091:Abbas Maroufi 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3081:Ahmad Mahmoud 3079: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3058:Reza Ghassemi 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3038:Reza Baraheni 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2989: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2979: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2963: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2941:Loiq Sher-Ali 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2870:Nadia Anjuman 2868: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2821:Ahmad Shamlou 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2756:Hushang Irani 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2713:Reza Baraheni 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2628: 2624: 2606: 2601: 2598: 2593: 2590: 2585: 2582: 2577: 2574: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2485:Kalim Kashani 2483: 2478: 2475: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2449: 2448:'Orfi Shirazi 2446: 2441: 2438: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2417: 2414: 2409: 2406: 2401: 2398: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2372:Salman Savaji 2370: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2318: 2314: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2302:Badr Shirvani 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2284:Homam Tabrizi 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2269:Pur-Baha Jami 2267: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2248: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2178: 2177:Shams Tabrizi 2175: 2173: 2170: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2146: 2143: 2138: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2092:Faramarz Nama 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1998:Ahmad Ghazali 1996: 1994: 1991: 1986: 1983: 1978: 1975: 1970: 1969:Nizam al-Mulk 1967: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1946: 1941: 1938: 1933: 1932:Nasir Khusraw 1930: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1906:Kisai Marvazi 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1889: 1886: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1865:Shahid Balkhi 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1830: 1826: 1820: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1799: 1795: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1753:Menog-i Khrad 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1618: 1613: 1611: 1606: 1604: 1599: 1598: 1595: 1583: 1575: 1574: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1547:Davazdah Rokh 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1512: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1483: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1457: 1456: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1444:Great Mongol 1442: 1440: 1439: 1434: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283:Koulad-Ghandi 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270:Kharvazan Div 1269: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1261: 1255: 1248: 1241: 1234: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1108: 1106: 1102: 1096: 1095:Mehrab Kaboli 1093: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1000: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 800: 798: 796: 792: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 742: 740: 738: 734: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 679: 677: 675: 671: 668: 664: 660: 656: 655: 647: 642: 640: 635: 633: 628: 627: 624: 617: 616:Poetry portal 611: 606: 604: 597: 596: 590: 586: 584:9789231032110 580: 576: 575: 569: 565: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 537:9780857728869 533: 529: 528: 522: 521: 517: 510: 505: 502: 499:, p. 98. 498: 493: 491: 489: 485: 481: 476: 474: 472: 468: 465:, p. 97. 464: 459: 456: 452: 447: 445: 443: 441: 439: 435: 429: 427: 423: 414: 410: 406: 402: 397: 395: 384: 380: 379: 374: 370: 366: 358: 354: 350: 347:17th-century 345: 338: 334: 325: 323: 319: 315: 311: 310: 305: 301: 300: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 222: 213: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 189: 187: 185: 181: 177: 174:of Iran, the 173: 172:national epic 169: 166:poets of the 165: 155: 147: 143: 135: 131: 127: 125:Notable works 123: 119: 115: 112: 111:national epic 108: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 74: 70: 66: 60: 57: 53: 41: 37: 25: 20: 4170:Rabia Balkhi 4139: 3836:Philosophers 3817:Omar Khayyam 3560:Abbas Zaryab 3436:Jafar Panahi 3406:Majid Majidi 3244:Bahman Forsi 3210:Goli Taraqqi 3135:Javad Mojabi 3125:Sadeq Chubak 3121:Shamim Bahar 3018:Bozorg Alavi 2972:Asad Gulzoda 2829:Nima Yooshij 2766:Bijan Jalali 2683:Aref Qazvini 2631:Contemporary 2568:Mirza Ghalib 2538:Azar Bigdeli 2497:Saba Kashani 2490:Hazin Lāhiji 2469:Saib Tabrizi 2432:Vahshi Bafqi 2416:Baba Faghani 2392:Ahli Shirazi 2367:Ubayd Zakani 2242:Amir Khusrau 2232:(1288–1320s) 2209:Sultan Walad 2036:Banu Goshasp 1985:Omar Khayyam 1875:Rabia Balkhi 1839: 1758:Jamasp Namag 1551: 1522:Babr-e Bayan 1510: 1509:Abu-Mansuri 1503: 1486: 1478: 1469: 1461: 1454: 1449:(or Demotte) 1445: 1437: 1220:House of Sām 1046:Banu Goshasp 652: 602: 594: 573: 553: 526: 504: 458: 424: 398: 376: 362: 328: 307: 304:Zoroastrians 297: 246: 232:appeared in 219: 217: 199: 193: 153: 141: 140: 58: 23: 4314:930s births 4248:Gawhar Shad 4094:Zamakhshari 4074:Shaykh Tusi 3989:Ibn Mubarak 3878:Shahrastani 3671:Afghanistan 3475:Translators 3431:Amir Naderi 3301:Screenplays 3284:Pari Saberi 3264:Bijan Mofid 3190:Bijan Najdi 2880:Raziq Faani 2863:Afghanistan 2776:Esmail Khoi 2733:Bijan Elahi 2609:(1813–1893) 2603:(1808–1854) 2595:(1801–1880) 2587:(1800–1871) 2579:(1779–1837) 2571:(1797–1869) 2552:(1798–1857) 2541:(1722–1781) 2504:(1642–1720) 2493:(1692–1766) 2472:(1607–1670) 2464:Taleb Amoli 2443:(1500–1588) 2435:(1523–1583) 2411:(1487–1524) 2403:(1483–1556) 2395:(1454–1535) 2287:(1238–1314) 2245:(1253–1325) 2167:(1149–1209) 2159:(1141–1209) 2148:(1126–1189) 2140:(1120–1190) 2100:(1155–1191) 2016:(1098–1131) 1988:(1048–1131) 1980:(1046–1121) 1972:(1018–1092) 1964:(1009–1072) 1951:(1006–1088) 1943:(1058–1111) 1935:(1004–1088) 1770:Warshtmansr 1453:Baysonghor 1429:Manuscripts 1279:Div-e Sepid 1274:Arzhang Div 1259:and animals 760:Kay Lohrasp 755:Kay Khosrow 546:Frye, R. N. 451:Dahlén 2016 373:Chaghaniyan 240:instead of 234:Transoxania 39:Native name 4319:977 deaths 4303:Categories 4125:Asadi Tusi 4019:Marghinani 3984:Ibn Hibban 3904:Abu Hanifa 3782:Ibn Hayyan 3757:Ali Qushji 3752:Alfraganus 3720:Scientists 3711:People of 3667:Tajikistan 3371:Ali Hatami 3279:Akbar Radi 3226:Reza Abdoh 2965:Uzbekistan 2909:Tajikistan 2761:Iraj Mirza 2105:Adib Sabir 2041:Borzu-Nama 2008:Manuchehri 1956:Asadi Tusi 1940:Al-Ghazali 1927:Bābā Tāher 1891:(980–1037) 1883:(967–1049) 1748:Bundahishn 1472:of Rashida 1400:Structures 1373:Alborzkouh 1368:Mazandaran 1338:Zabulistan 1257:Creatures 1196:Kashvadian 1051:Gordafarid 898:Esfandiyār 770:Kay Bahman 674:Pishdadian 666:Characters 577:. UNESCO. 430:References 314:Manicheans 290:Qarmatians 196:patronymic 87:Occupation 4079:Taftazani 4064:Sajawandi 3873:Sijistani 3802:Khwarizmi 3615:Essayists 2323:Ibn Yamin 1849:Shahnameh 1802:Classical 1658:Ganjnameh 1511:Shahnameh 1487:Shahnameh 1479:Shahnameh 1470:Shahnameh 1462:Shahnameh 1455:Shahnameh 1446:Shahnameh 1438:Shahnameh 1436:Florence 1387:Kasa-Roud 1358:Ctesiphon 1287:Huma bird 1266:Akvan Div 1187:Clans and 1178:Biderafsh 823:Kayanoush 780:Kay Darab 750:Kay Kāvus 745:Kay Kawād 712:Manuchehr 654:Shahnameh 509:Frye 1975 409:Ghaznavid 394:epic poem 353:Biderafsh 349:Shahnameh 339:Biography 253:Samarkand 176:Shahnameh 134:Shahnameh 4150:Ferdowsi 4089:Tirmidhi 4069:Sarakhsi 4049:Qushayri 4024:Maturidi 3969:Ghaznawi 3853:Avicenna 3797:Khojandi 3767:Birjandi 3762:Avicenna 3737:Abu Wafa 3713:Khorasan 2981:Pakistan 2723:Dehkhoda 2408:Ismail I 2258:Golestān 2180:(d.1248) 2077:Iranshah 1888:Avicenna 1845:Ferdowsi 1582:Category 1477:Windsor 1383:Tammisha 1307:Shabrang 1189:families 1173:Nastihan 1133:Afrasiab 1128:Garsivaz 1123:Aghrirat 1105:Turanian 1064:Katāyoun 1060:Manizheh 1056:Farangis 1026:Sindukht 1021:Shahrnāz 918:Siyâvash 913:Fariborz 908:Faramarz 903:Pashotan 868:Gershasp 863:Gostaham 813:Shahrasp 765:Goshtasb 737:Kayanian 727:Garshasp 702:Fereydun 692:Tahmuras 682:Keyumars 659:Ferdowsi 548:(1975). 401:Gushtasp 383:Mansur I 365:Muhtajid 357:Gushtasp 322:Shahbazi 294:Shu'ubis 286:Ferdowsi 238:Khorasan 180:Ferdowsi 130:Gushtasp 95:Language 69:Khorasan 4334:Dehqans 4223:Gardizi 4160:Kashifi 4034:Muqatil 4014:Lamishi 4009:Kashifi 3999:Juwayni 3964:Ghazali 3949:Bukhari 3944:Bazdawi 3939:Bayhaqi 3934:Baghavi 3843:Algazel 3792:Khazini 2921:Farzona 2847:Armenia 2137:Khaqani 2056:Mu'izzi 2003:Hujwiri 1870:Bal'ami 1708:Dēnkard 1497:Related 1485:Davari 1363:Estakhr 1302:Shabdiz 1292:Simurgh 1118:Pashang 1113:Zadashm 1041:Tahmina 1036:Sudabeh 1016:Arnavāz 1011:Faranak 978:Shaghad 938:Goudarz 933:Kashvad 873:Nariman 785:Dara II 697:Jamshid 687:Hushang 518:Sources 411:Sultan 318:Nöldeke 270:Shi'ite 249:Bukhara 221:dehqans 208:Persian 168:Samanid 164:Persian 146:Persian 132:in the 117:Subject 98:Persian 4185:Sanā'ī 4175:Rudaki 4140:Daqiqi 4135:Behzad 4115:Anvari 4059:Sabuni 4044:Nasa'i 4039:Muslim 4004:Kasani 3954:Dabusi 3929:Ansari 3858:Farabi 3807:Nasawi 3772:Biruni 3001:Novels 2641:Poetry 2400:Fuzuli 2377:Hatefi 2348:Nasimi 2254:Bustan 2145:Anvari 2130:c.1220 2128:(1142– 1911:Ayyuqi 1901:Asjadi 1896:Unsuri 1840:Daqiqi 1835:Rudaki 1687:Middle 1504:Daqiqi 1343:Sistan 1321:Places 1297:Rakhsh 1168:Barman 1163:Houman 1148:Arjasp 1143:Shideh 1138:Tageuo 1090:Zahhak 1086:Mardas 1079:Tazian 1069:Azadeh 1031:Rudaba 988:Barbad 973:Zavara 968:Gorgin 958:Bahram 953:Rohham 948:Bizhan 893:Sohrab 888:Rostam 808:Siamak 803:Jamasp 717:Nowzar 581:  560:  534:  413:Mahmud 405:Arjasp 367:ruler 309:Zindīq 306:) and 263:, and 204:Arabic 154:Daqiqi 62:c. 935 24:Daqiqi 3848:Amiri 3827:Sijzi 3219:Plays 2600:Qaani 2561:1800s 2526:1700s 2457:1600s 2425:1500s 2360:1400s 2333:Hafez 2316:1300s 2250:Saadi 2189:1200s 2125:Attar 2115:Am'aq 2070:1100s 2031:Sanai 1920:1000s 1353:Balkh 1348:Kabul 1333:Turan 1158:Piran 1153:Viseh 963:Hojir 923:Farud 853:Qaren 848:Qobád 833:Arash 818:Abtin 299:Mājūs 257:Balkh 228:that 159:دقیقی 103:Genre 46:دقیقی 30:دقیقی 4238:Aufi 4180:Rumi 4155:Jami 4054:Razi 3663:Iran 2654:Iran 2382:Jami 2279:Rumi 1828:900s 1812:800s 1328:Iran 858:Tous 838:Salm 828:Kāve 722:Zaav 707:Iraj 579:ISBN 558:ISBN 532:ISBN 403:and 378:amir 320:and 292:and 261:Marv 242:Fars 206:and 190:Name 90:Poet 79:Died 55:Born 1637:Old 943:Giv 883:Zāl 878:Sām 843:Tur 657:of 371:in 265:Tus 210:). 82:977 65:Tus 4305:: 3665:, 2256:/ 487:^ 470:^ 437:^ 418:r. 388:r. 381:) 259:, 255:, 251:, 186:. 148:: 109:, 71:, 67:, 3704:e 3697:t 3690:v 3673:. 2835:) 2831:( 2260:) 2252:( 2132:) 1851:) 1847:( 1616:e 1609:t 1602:v 645:e 638:t 631:v 587:. 566:. 541:. 453:. 415:( 385:( 359:. 312:( 302:( 156:( 144:(

Index

Tus
Khorasan
Samanid Empire
Persian poetry
national epic
Gushtasp
Shahnameh
Persian
Persian
Samanid
national epic
Shahnameh
Ferdowsi
Persian literature
patronymic
Arabic
Persian
dehqans
Samanid Empire
Persian literature
Transoxania
Khorasan
Fars
Bukhara
Samarkand
Balkh
Marv
Tus
Shi'ite
Abu Mansur Muhammad

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.