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Darwin's rhea

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the chicks, eat these flies. The incubation period is 30–44 days, and the clutch size is from 5–55 eggs. The eggs are 87 to 126 mm (3.4–5.0 in) and are greenish yellow. Chicks mature by three years of age. Outside the breeding season, Darwin's rhea is quite sociable: it lives in groups of from 5 to 30 birds, of both sexes and a variety of ages.
845:. The former southern nominate subspecies remains relatively widespread and locally fairly common. Its range is estimated at 859,000 km (332,000 sq mi). The situation for the two former northern subspecies is more worrying, with their combined population estimated as being possibly as low as in the hundreds. However, they are classified as 387: 817:
as separate species, he confirmed a serious problem for Darwin. These birds mainly live in different parts of Patagonia, but there is also an overlapping zone where the two species coexist. As every living being had been created in a fixed form, as accepted by the science of his time, they could only
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The males of this species become aggressive once they are incubating eggs, even towards females. The females thus lay the later eggs near the nest, rather than in it. Most of the eggs are moved into the nest by the male, but some remain outside, where they rot and attract flies. The male, and later
783:, and at St Gregory's Bay Darwin met Patagonians he described as "excellent practical naturalists". A half Indian, who had been born in the Northern Provinces, told him that the smaller rheas were the only species this far south, while the larger rheas kept to the north. On an expedition up the 818:
change their appearance by a perfect adaptation to their way of life, but would still be the same species. But now he had to deal with two different species. This started to form his idea that species were not fixed at all, but that another mechanism might be at work.
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shot a rhea which they enjoyed eating before Darwin realised that this was the elusive smaller rhea rather than a juvenile, and preserved the head, neck, legs, one wing, and many of the larger feathers. As with his other collections, these were sent to
421:, enabling it to run particularly well. It can reach speeds of 60 km/h (37 mph), enabling it to outrun predators. The sharp claws on the toes are effective weapons. Their feathers are similar to those of ostriches, in that they have no 701:
prefers elevations less than 1,500 m (4,900 ft), where the other subspecies typically range from 3,000 to 4,500 m (9,800–14,800 ft), but locally down to 1,220 m (4,000 ft) in the south.
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and fruits from cacti, as well as grasses, roots, seeds, and leaves. They tend to be quiet birds, except as chicks when they whistle mournfully, and as males looking for a female, when they emit a booming call.
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hosts the Centro de Reproducción para la Conservación del Ñandú ('Reproduction Centre for Darwin's rhea Conservation'). The centre is run by Tompkins Conservation with the support of the
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The lesser rhea stands at 90 to 100 cm (35–39 in) tall. Length is 92 to 100 cm (36–39 in) and weight is 15 to 28.6 kg (33–63 lb). Like most
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area of Northern Patagonia about the existence of a smaller rhea, "a very rare bird which they called the Avestruz Petise". He continued searching fruitlessly for this bird, and the
1235: 1389: 1911: 1963: 2056: 473:, meaning big spider, possibly in relation to their habit of alternately opening and lowering their wings when they run. In English, Darwin's rhea gets its 853:, with the primary threats being hunting, egg-collecting, and fragmentation of its habitat due to conversion to farmland or pastures for cattle-grazing. 1553: 1885: 525:, meaning the leg between the knee and the ankle, hence feather-legged, alluding to their feathers that cover the top part of the leg. In 2008, the 1924: 1458: 1447: 417:, the latter measuring 6.2 to 9.2 cm (2.4 to 3.6 in), but has long legs and a long neck. It has relatively larger wings than other 656:
The lesser rhea is mainly a herbivore, with the odd small animal (lizards, beetles, grasshoppers) eaten on occasion. It predominately eats
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Latin Names Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals
795: 787:, they saw several of the smaller rheas, which were too wary to be approached closely or caught. 589: 287: 109: 2020: 826: 1916: 1759: 2002: 1942: 1846: 1685: 1681: 1674: 1570: 1538: 1519: 1494: 1443: 1240: 430: 426: 2066: 2061: 2007: 1773: 1699: 1470: 1303: 1131: 914: 478: 466: 1812: 1989: 850: 766:) which provided them with a Christmas meal, and in the first days of January, the artist 474: 355: 1711:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 6–7. 1321: 896: 860: 1355: 1584: 1510: 1474: 1422: 767: 755: 739: 641: 559: 490: 433:
is 28 to 32 cm (11 to 13 in) long and has 18 horizontal plates on the front.
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Darwin's rhea lives in areas of open scrub in the grasslands of Patagonia and on the
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in southern Patagonia on 23 December. On the following day, Darwin shot a
1994: 1738: 657: 146: 425:. Their plumage is spotted brown and white, and the upper part of their 1890: 1794: 759: 686: 602: 567: 386: 186: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1111: 1903: 1781: 1308: 743: 418: 410: 136: 1864: 1715: 1680:. Pleasantville, NY, US: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. pp.  1296:
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Historical Series
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Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Rheas". In Hutchins, Michael (ed.).
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made many trips on land, and around August 1833 heard from
721:'s description of birds collected on the second voyage of 449:, in Argentina, where the majority live. Other names are 1565:
Jaramillo, Alvaro; Burke, Peter; Beadle, David (2003).
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Perrins, Christopher (1987) . Harrison, C.J.O. (ed.).
1442:(6th ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 1415:"Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Rhea pennata" 1085: 1083: 717:
Illustration of Darwin's rhea, published in 1841 in
1728: 1673: 1509: 920:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22728199A132179491.en 1518:. Vol. 1 (Ostrich to Ducks). Lynx Edicions. 1607:"Darwin's Very Bad Day: 'Oops, We Just Ate It!'" 1558:Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 1440:The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World 1463:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 999:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 8: 1208:"Recuperando al ñandú en la región de Aysén" 1202: 1200: 813:When Gould classified Darwin's rhea and the 509:. As late as 2008, it was classified in the 1676:Birds: Their Lifes, Their Ways, Their World 1459:"Notes on Rhea americana and Rhea darwinii" 609:The IUCN considers the former two northern 517:. This word is formed from two Greek words 1716: 1390:"Lesser Rhea - BirdLife Species Factsheet" 278: 71: 40: 31: 1307: 918: 1097: 1095: 1028: 1026: 1024: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1014: 1012: 790:In 1837, Darwin's rhea was described as 1649:South American Classification Committee 1266: 876: 849:by the IUCN, which regards it as being 1537:. London: Facts on File. p. 176. 1166: 1150: 706:History of the discovery of the genus 620:as a separate species, the puna rhea ( 1605:Krulwich, Robert (24 February 2009). 7: 1645:"Incluir Pterocnemia dentro de Rhea" 1554:"The Red Notebook of Charles Darwin" 966: 964: 962: 551:have traditionally been recognized: 2057:IUCN Red List least concern species 1624:"The revered bird of native people" 1365:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1331:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1132:"Pterocnemia pennata (Lesser rhea)" 906:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1516:Handbook of the Birds of the World 1491:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia 1475:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1837.tb06823.x 413:, it has a small head and a small 25: 1413:Brands, Sheila (14 August 2008). 580:is found in the puna of northern 837:Darwin's rhea is categorized as 775:in Cambridge. On 26 January the 113: 1705:Checklist of Birds of the World 1643:Nores, Manuel (7 August 2008). 1292:"Darwin's ornithological notes" 995:) from Mr. Darwin's Collection" 895:BirdLife International (2018). 402:Head of a Darwin's rhea at the 1653:American Ornithologists' Union 1: 1590:Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary 1514:. In Hoyo, Joseph del (ed.). 1121:Birdlife International (2016) 1593:, Cambridge University Press 1569:. London: Christopher Helm. 808:Zoological Society of London 754:sailed south, putting in at 681:), through the countries of 1533:Gotch, A.F. (1995) . "15". 1276:is included in Appendix II. 1274:Pterocnemia pennata pennata 865:National Forest Corporation 300:(d'Orbigny 1834) Chubb 1913 2128: 493:'s contemporary and rival 394:in the wild in Chile, 2006 1244:(in Spanish). 7 July 2021 1216:(in Spanish). 11 May 2021 913:: e.T22728199A132179491. 832:Museum Wiesbaden, Germany 806:in a presentation to the 358:, the smaller of the two 293: 286: 277: 248: 243: 225: 218: 110:Scientific classification 108: 91: 69: 60: 48: 39: 34: 1552:Herbert, Sandra (1980). 1508:Elliott, Andrew (1992). 1457:Darwin, Charles (1837). 1438:Clements, James (2007). 1419:Project: The Taxonomicon 669:Distribution and habitat 636:in 1913. It is possible 521:, meaning feathers, and 489:was bestowed in 1834 by 2112:Birds described in 1837 1338:: e.T22728199A132179491 1032:Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003) 979:Peters, James L. (1979) 857:Patagonia National Park 802:) by the ornithologist 738:, the young naturalist 640:should be considered a 605:of Argentina and Chile. 481:, a Greek goddess, and 2082:Birds of the Altiplano 1386:BirdLife International 1372:: e.T22728206A94974751 1352:BirdLife International 1318:BirdLife International 1041:Elliott, Andrew (1992) 834: 728: 485:, meaning winged. The 406: 395: 2016:Paleobiology Database 1290:Barlow, Nora (1963). 829: 733:second voyage of HMS 716: 401: 392:Rhea pennata pennatas 389: 366:. It is found in the 1659:on 20 September 2008 1137:Animal Diversity Web 942:"Appendices | CITES" 773:John Stevens Henslow 586:Arica and Parinacota 313:Pterocnemia darwinii 1774:Pterocnemia_pennata 1059:Krulwich, R. (2009) 830:Rhea's egg, in the 781:Straits of Magellan 699:nominate subspecies 584:from the region of 570:, and northwestern 297:Pterocnemia pennata 63:Conservation status 2092:Birds of Argentina 2087:Birds of Patagonia 2072:Domesticated birds 1622:La Caledonia Sur. 1089:Clements, J (2007) 1068:Gotch, A.T. (1995) 1050:Perrins, C. (1987) 989:Gould, J. (1837). 835: 729: 632:were described by 614:R. p. tarapacensis 578:R. p. tarapacensis 429:is feathered. The 407: 396: 2044: 2043: 2003:Open Tree of Life 1722:Taxon identifiers 1700:Peters, James Lee 1449:978-0-8014-4501-9 1400:on 4 January 2009 1358:Rhea tarapacensis 1241:Radio Cooperativa 1194:Herbert, S (1980) 970:Brands, S. (2008) 847:Rhea tarapacensis 339: 338: 333: 325: 321:Struthio darwinii 317: 309: 301: 271: 260: 103: 86: 16:(Redirected from 2119: 2107:Birds of Bolivia 2077:Flightless birds 2037: 2036: 2024: 2023: 2011: 2010: 1998: 1997: 1985: 1984: 1972: 1971: 1959: 1958: 1956:NHMSYS0020789047 1946: 1945: 1933: 1932: 1920: 1919: 1907: 1906: 1894: 1893: 1881: 1880: 1868: 1867: 1855: 1854: 1842: 1841: 1829: 1828: 1816: 1815: 1803: 1802: 1800:590ADF928DB63885 1790: 1789: 1777: 1776: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1749: 1748: 1747: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1695: 1679: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1655:. Archived from 1639: 1637: 1635: 1630:on 26 April 2012 1626:. Archived from 1618: 1616: 1614: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1580: 1561: 1548: 1529: 1513: 1504: 1485: 1453: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1425:on 13 March 2010 1421:. Archived from 1409: 1407: 1405: 1396:. Archived from 1381: 1379: 1377: 1347: 1345: 1343: 1313: 1311: 1309:10.5962/p.310422 1277: 1271: 1254: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1204: 1195: 1192: 1186: 1185:Darwin, C (1837) 1183: 1177: 1164: 1158: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1128: 1122: 1119: 1106: 1099: 1090: 1087: 1078: 1077:Nores, M. (2008) 1075: 1069: 1066: 1060: 1057: 1051: 1048: 1042: 1039: 1033: 1030: 1007: 1006: 991:"On a New Rhea ( 986: 980: 977: 971: 968: 957: 956: 954: 952: 938: 932: 931: 929: 927: 922: 892: 785:Santa Cruz River 598:is found in the 562:of southeastern 558:is found in the 495:Alcide d'Orbigny 331: 323: 315: 307: 299: 282: 266: 254: 231: 118: 117: 97: 80: 75: 74: 44: 32: 21: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2040: 2032: 2027: 2019: 2014: 2006: 2001: 1993: 1990:Observation.org 1988: 1980: 1975: 1967: 1962: 1954: 1949: 1941: 1936: 1928: 1923: 1915: 1910: 1902: 1897: 1889: 1884: 1876: 1871: 1863: 1858: 1850: 1845: 1837: 1832: 1824: 1819: 1811: 1806: 1798: 1793: 1785: 1780: 1772: 1767: 1758: 1757: 1752: 1743: 1742: 1737: 1724: 1708: 1698: 1692: 1671: 1662: 1660: 1642: 1633: 1631: 1621: 1612: 1610: 1604: 1596: 1594: 1585:Keynes, Richard 1583: 1577: 1564: 1551: 1545: 1532: 1526: 1507: 1501: 1488: 1456: 1450: 1437: 1428: 1426: 1412: 1403: 1401: 1384: 1375: 1373: 1350: 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1732: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1696: 1690: 1669: 1640: 1619: 1602: 1581: 1575: 1567:Birds of Chile 1562: 1549: 1543: 1530: 1525:978-8487334108 1524: 1505: 1499: 1486: 1454: 1448: 1435: 1410: 1382: 1348: 1314: 1302:(7): 201–278. 1285: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1265: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1227: 1196: 1187: 1178: 1159: 1143: 1123: 1107: 1091: 1079: 1070: 1061: 1052: 1043: 1034: 1008: 981: 972: 958: 933: 875: 874: 872: 869: 823: 820: 768:Conrad Martens 762:(similar to a 740:Charles Darwin 710: 704: 670: 667: 653: 650: 642:junior synonym 618:R. p. garleppi 607: 606: 593: 575: 556:R. p. garleppi 544: 541: 438: 435: 383: 380: 337: 336: 335: 334: 332:Lyddekker 1894 326: 318: 310: 302: 291: 290: 284: 283: 275: 274: 273: 272: 261: 252:R. p. garleppi 246: 245: 241: 240: 234: 223: 222: 216: 215: 208: 206: 202: 201: 194: 190: 189: 184: 180: 179: 174: 170: 169: 164: 160: 159: 154: 150: 149: 144: 140: 139: 134: 130: 129: 124: 120: 119: 106: 105: 92: 89: 88: 70: 67: 66: 61: 58: 57: 46: 45: 37: 36: 35:Darwin's rhea 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2124: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2097:Birds of Peru 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2035: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1761: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1740: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1707: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1677: 1670: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1608: 1603: 1592: 1591: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1576:0-7136-4688-8 1572: 1568: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1550: 1546: 1544:0-8160-3377-3 1540: 1536: 1531: 1527: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1511:"Lesser Rhea" 1506: 1502: 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801: 797: 793: 792:Rhea darwinii 788: 786: 782: 778: 774: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 736: 727: 726: 720: 715: 709: 705: 703: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 677:plateau (the 676: 668: 666: 662: 659: 651: 649: 647: 643: 639: 635: 634:Charles Chubb 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 612: 604: 601: 597: 596:R. p. pennata 594: 591: 587: 583: 579: 576: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 554: 553: 552: 550: 542: 540: 538: 537: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 487:specific name 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 436: 434: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 405: 404:Edinburgh Zoo 400: 393: 388: 381: 379: 377: 376:South America 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354:) is a large 353: 352: 347: 343: 342:Darwin's rhea 330: 327: 322: 319: 314: 311: 306: 305:Rhea darwinii 303: 298: 295: 294: 292: 289: 285: 281: 276: 269: 265: 264:R. p. pennata 262: 258: 253: 250: 249: 247: 242: 237: 232: 230: 224: 221: 220:Binomial name 217: 213: 212: 207: 204: 203: 200: 199: 195: 192: 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Retrieved 910: 904: 899:Rhea pennata 898: 861:Aysén Region 855: 846: 836: 822:Conservation 815:greater rhea 812: 799: 791: 789: 779:entered the 776: 751: 734: 730: 724: 707: 672: 663: 655: 646:tarapacensis 645: 637: 630:tarapacensis 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 608: 595: 577: 555: 546: 534: 530: 522: 518: 514: 503:Buenos Aires 482: 470: 463:greater rhea 458: 454: 450: 446: 443:ñandú petiso 442: 440: 408: 391: 390:A family of 351:Rhea pennata 350: 349: 345: 341: 340: 328: 324:(Gould 1837) 320: 312: 304: 296: 263: 251: 229:Rhea pennata 228: 226: 210: 209: 197: 163:Infraclass: 29: 1977:Neotropical 1899:iNaturalist 1754:Wikispecies 1560:. 7: 1–164. 1376:15 February 1342:15 February 1169:, pp.  1167:Keynes 2001 1153:, pp.  1151:Barlow 1963 926:19 November 859:in Chile's 796:synonymized 756:Port Desire 731:During the 590:Antofagasta 531:Pterocnemia 515:Pterocnemia 471:ñandu guazu 465:'s name in 457:. The name 382:Description 362:species of 346:lesser rhea 316:(Gould 183) 244:Subspecies 55:Switzerland 2051:Categories 2029:Xeno-canto 1691:0895770652 1663:4 February 1634:9 December 1429:4 February 1404:6 February 1284:References 1248:12 January 1101:Jaramillo 951:14 January 804:John Gould 800:R. pennata 719:John Gould 600:Patagonian 549:subspecies 423:aftershaft 308:Gould 1837 177:Rheiformes 96:Appendix I 51:Zurich Zoo 1394:Data Zone 1388:(2008b). 1220:8 January 1005:(51): 35. 946:cites.org 871:Footnotes 748:Río Negro 683:Argentina 679:Altiplano 572:Argentina 529:subsumed 511:monotypic 507:Argentina 501:south of 499:Río Negro 437:Etymology 372:Patagonia 368:Altiplano 329:Rhea nana 268:d'Orbigny 236:d'Orbigny 205:Species: 133:Kingdom: 127:Eukaryota 1943:22678081 1917:10217785 1813:22728199 1808:BirdLife 1739:Wikidata 1702:(1979). 1597:1 August 1587:(2001), 1354:(2016). 1320:(2018). 658:saltbush 652:Behavior 638:garleppi 626:garleppi 624:). Both 543:Taxonomy 288:Synonyms 183:Family: 147:Chordata 143:Phylum: 137:Animalia 123:Domain: 83:IUCN 3.1 2067:Ratites 2062:Rheidae 1982:lesrhe2 1891:2495160 1865:lesrhe2 1839:lesrhe2 1795:Avibase 1745:Q733120 1682:168–170 1175:217–218 841:by the 794:(later 760:guanaco 746:in the 744:gauchos 687:Bolivia 603:steppes 568:Bolivia 483:pennata 467:Guaraní 455:choique 419:ratites 411:ratites 344:or the 259:, 1913) 193:Genus: 187:Rheidae 173:Order: 153:Class: 98: ( 81: ( 2021:372680 2008:857860 1930:553787 1878:130164 1782:ARKive 1688:  1613:6 June 1573:  1541:  1522:  1497:  1446:  1105:(2003) 1103:et al. 777:Beagle 752:Beagle 735:Beagle 725:Beagle 693:, and 675:Andean 547:Three 519:pteron 513:genus 491:Darwin 431:tarsus 427:tarsus 360:extant 270:, 1834 238:, 1837 1995:70128 1912:IRMNG 1904:73338 1860:eBird 1852:4S5KZ 1826:95611 1709:(PDF) 1609:. 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Index

Darwin’s rhea

Zurich Zoo
Switzerland
Conservation status
Least Concern
IUCN 3.1
CITES
CITES
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Palaeognathae
Rheiformes
Rheidae
Rhea
Binomial name
d'Orbigny
Chubb
d'Orbigny

Synonyms
flightless bird
extant
rheas
Altiplano
Patagonia

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