205:, made his way to confront him and Abbas rushed with his army to meet the Emperor. Gelawdewos was entirely victorious in this engagement and Abbas with all his captains were killed. The remaining Muslims who had survived the battle became the target of the local Christian populace who massacred all those who they could find. The Emperor then appointed Khalid, a Christian who had converted to Islam but that had reverted back to Christianity, as the provincial governor of Dawaro. Gelawdewos later faced problems with the Portuguese, he then banished 140 of them to the province of Dawaro. The presence of the Portuguese greatly displeased Khalid, he therefore ordered them to be killed or expelled from the province. Khalid attempted to ambush the Portuguese with a large army, but as soon as the assault began they shot and killed Khalid, after which most of his supporters would become their vassals. The Emperor was said to be very pleased with this outcome as he had always distrusted the governor.
212:. The Emperor warned the Portuguese of an impending Oromo attack. The Portuguese would immediately prepare to face this attack by stockpiling on munitions and gunpowder. When the Oromos did arrive they were "innumerable, and did not come on without order like barbarians, but advanced collected in bodies, like squadrons". The Portuguese fought the Oromos for around 11 to 12 days according to Joao Bermudes until they ran out of gunpower and ammunition. Before they withdrew from Dawaro, Bermudes claims that all of the country's inhabitants were safely evacuated. Just after the Portuguese had fled from the province, they soon met up with
70:
185:. In the summer of 1531, the Adalites returned to Dawaro where they occupied the province, they soon ravaged the province and destroyed a large church that was erected by the Emperor's predecessor. The Imam then arrived at a settlement called Geberge and demanded that all of the Christian inhabitants either convert to Islam or pay the
97:
livestock "without number" and "destroyed the crops of their country". The "wicked plans of
Haydara" of Dawaro were thus "brought to nothing" as the chronicler states. Dawaro was then grouped together with other kingdoms such as Hadiya, Fatagar and Ifat as a tributary kingdom to the Ethiopian Empire under the leadership of
172:
became the first part of the empire to be confronted by the forces of Imam Ahmad. The Imam carried out a raid on the province in 1526-7. His men was said to take considerable loot such as horses, slaves and sheep. The
Adalites planned to return to their country, but the "infidels of Dawaro" assembled
96:
during his rebellion and "treacherously" executed some of the
Emperor's messengers. Amda Seyon, incensed by this act of rebellion, at once set out with his troops. On reaching Dawaro he "laid waste the country from one end to the other". He killed young men, took women and children prisoners, seized
189:
tax. Most of the inhabitants choose to retain their religion by declaring their neutrality and agreeing to pay the tax, others agreed to be converted, among those converted were 50 Christian nobles. The Imam, much pleased with their conversion, appointed Amir Husain
128:, who then encouraged the settlement of Ethiopian military colonists to the peripheral province. However, the Ethiopian troops stationed in the region were in constant danger as their positions soon came under the attacks of Sultan
124:. The social customs of Dawaro were also very similar to that of Ifat with both regions being inhabited by Muslims. Christian proselytization of the locals reached a high level of intensity during the reign of
219:
Until the beginning of the 17th century, the
Ethiopian Emperors would still maintain their claim to Dawaro until it had vanished as a political unit by the 18th century. Today the name is preserved among the
216:
who was on his way to support the
Portuguese defense. The Emperor was said to have "wept like a child" after hearing about the fall of Dawaro and said "My sin is great that such evil has befallen me."
277:
Macrizi
Historia regum Islamiticorum in Abyssinia. Interpretatus est et vna cum Abulfedae descriptione regionum nigritarum e codd. Biblioth. Leidensis Arabice edidit Fridericus Theodorus Rinck ...
177:
received news of an impending larger invasion of Dawaro, the
Emperor assembled a large army that consisted of units from all over the country. This army was defeated in the disastrous
197:
Control of the province would later fall under Ahmad's nephew, Vizier Abbas, who ruled over Dawaro as well as neighboring
Fatager and Bali. Following the Imam's death and defeat at
112:, but resembled it in that it produced cereals and fruits, and reared horses and beasts of burden. Trade however was less developed. A type of "primitive currency" called
816:
1382:
1377:
309:
The Muslim
Kingdoms in Abyssinia were seven in number: Awfat, Dawaro, Arababni, Hadiya, Sharkha, Bali and Dara. These kingdoms which belong to seven kings.
141:
1449:
809:
744:
516:
420:
393:
302:
427:
Their main achievements were to reduce the great Muslim principalities of Ifat, Dawaro, Sharkha and Bali to stricter tributary status.
700:
673:
646:
581:
489:
359:
332:
92:, Amda Seyon then proceeded to garrison Dawaro. However, in the late 1320s the ruler of the province, Haydara, ended up siding with
802:
409:
Niane, Djibril Tamsir; Africa, Unesco
International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of (1984-01-01).
1454:
506:
383:
1444:
165:
146:
50:
45:. The state was originally independent until becoming a vassal and later a province due its subjugation by Emperor
42:
208:
After the death of Khalid, the Portuguese would rule Dawaro for four months until the province was invaded by the
734:
1367:
109:
89:
85:
54:
292:
349:
1362:
872:
178:
105:
887:
794:
69:
1250:
987:
892:
762:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part Ii)"
599:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part Ii)"
534:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (Part Ii)"
441:"Islamic Principalities in Southeast Ethiopia Between the Thirteenth and Sixteenth Centuries (part Ii)"
1413:
1118:
692:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
665:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
638:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
573:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
481:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
324:
The Ethiopian Borderlands Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
258:
1265:
1152:
997:
907:
198:
1162:
1156:
947:
942:
912:
1423:
1332:
1255:
1012:
1007:
972:
882:
862:
773:
610:
545:
460:
108:, Dawaro was measured five days journey by two or 100 kilometers by 40. It was much smaller than
168:. The province of Dawaro, because of its location to the east and its relative proximity to the
1286:
1113:
1398:
1206:
1201:
1093:
1088:
992:
937:
932:
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669:
642:
577:
512:
485:
452:
416:
389:
355:
328:
298:
237:
1103:
173:
a large army against them, this force was subsequently defeated. Not long after this Emperor
1403:
1372:
1337:
1316:
1306:
1291:
1260:
1237:
1138:
1133:
1083:
977:
967:
927:
857:
1301:
1296:
1123:
1048:
982:
877:
154:
129:
1408:
1342:
1270:
1216:
1167:
847:
826:
224:, which has a subgroup called Dawaro. The Dawaro clan was said to have originated from
169:
98:
74:
1438:
1418:
1311:
952:
852:
736:
The Galla of Ethiopia; The Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero: North Eastern Africa Part II
225:
191:
93:
58:
201:, Abbas launched a fierce attack on a number of Christian towns. The young Emperor,
1245:
1043:
1017:
46:
73:
Medieval map of peoples, kingdoms and regions alongside major trade routes in the
717:
690:
663:
636:
571:
479:
410:
322:
275:
1178:
1058:
17:
116:
was used which were pieces of iron as long as a needle. A cow would cost 5,000
213:
202:
150:
145:
Barje as governor of the province. Dawaro was soon invaded by the Adal Sultan
136:
719:
The Portuguese Expedition to Abyssinia in 1541-1543 as Narrated by Castanhoso
456:
917:
139:
consolidated the supremacy of the Christian empire in Dawaro and appointed
1098:
1063:
1033:
897:
260:
Medieval Ge’ez land grants of Aṣe Waša Maryam church in Wägda (1344-1432)
777:
761:
614:
598:
549:
533:
464:
440:
1226:
1221:
1186:
1128:
1078:
1073:
1002:
174:
125:
38:
1211:
1196:
962:
957:
221:
209:
1191:
1148:
1143:
1108:
1068:
1053:
1038:
186:
182:
68:
798:
49:
in the early 14th century. The region was situated east of
280:(in Arabic). apud Sam. et Joh. Luchtmans. p. 82.
80:
The earliest mention of this province comes from the
1391:
1355:
1325:
1279:
1235:
1176:
1026:
840:
833:
41:: ደዋሮ) was a Muslim principality which laid near
412:Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century
810:
8:
505:Trimingham, J. Spencer (13 September 2013).
291:Trimingham, J. Spencer (13 September 2013).
160:The next time Dawaro is mentioned is in the
61:. The capital of Dawaro was called Sabboch
837:
817:
803:
795:
388:. Cambridge University Press. p. 83.
825:Kingdoms and dynasties of the medieval
249:
164:, the history of the conquests of Imam
27:Medieval province in the Horn of Africa
181:, but the Imam later returned back to
274:ʼAli), Al-Maqrīzī (Aḥmad ibn (1790).
104:According to the Egyptian historian,
7:
733:Huntingford, G. W. B. (2017-02-10).
382:Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (1975).
351:Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646
263:. Annales d'Éthiopie. p. 209.
157:, but he was defeated and killed.
25:
716:Richard Stephen Whiteway (1902).
348:Huntington, G.W.B (15 May 2017).
57:which covered much of Ethiopia's
841:Islamic sultanates & Empires
760:Braukämper, Ulrich (Fall 1977).
597:Braukämper, Ulrich (Fall 1977).
532:Braukämper, Ulrich (Fall 1977).
385:The Cambridge History of Africa
1027:Christian kingdoms and Empires
722:. Hakluyt Society. p. 82.
695:. Red Sea Press. p. 241.
668:. Red Sea Press. p. 179.
641:. Red Sea Press. p. 177.
1:
576:. Red Sea Press. p. 70.
484:. Red Sea Press. p. 69.
327:. Red Sea Press. p. 69.
297:. Routledge. pp. 72–73.
194:as governor of the province.
1450:Medieval history of Ethiopia
1383:Second Ajuran-Portuguese war
1378:First Ajuran-Portuguese war
689:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
662:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
635:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
570:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
478:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
439:Braukämper, Ulrich (1977).
321:Pankhurst, Richard (1997).
1471:
166:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
1368:Adal conquest of Ethiopia
511:. Routledge. p. 71.
354:. Taylor & Francis.
149:who faced the forces of
147:Badlay ibn Sa'ad ad-Din
1455:Monarchies of Ethiopia
179:Battle of Shimbra Kure
106:Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari
77:
72:
257:Ayenachew, Deresse.
1445:Regions of Ethiopia
1363:Ethiopian–Adal war
1333:Kingdom of Wolaita
1008:Sultanate of Showa
863:Sultanate of Harar
766:Ethiopianist Notes
603:Ethiopianist Notes
538:Ethiopianist Notes
445:Ethiopianist Notes
88:. After occupying
78:
1432:
1431:
1399:Solomonic dynasty
1351:
1350:
746:978-1-315-30809-8
518:978-1-136-97022-1
508:Islam in Ethiopia
422:978-92-3-101710-0
395:978-0-521-20981-6
304:978-1-136-97022-1
294:Islam in Ethiopia
238:Sultanate of Ifat
16:(Redirected from
1462:
1424:Makhzumi dynasty
1414:Goobroon dynasty
1404:Walashma dynasty
1373:Oromo migrations
1338:Kingdom of Damot
1326:Wolaita kingdoms
1307:Kingdom of Damot
838:
819:
812:
805:
796:
789:
788:
786:
784:
757:
751:
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730:
724:
723:
713:
707:
706:
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632:
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623:
621:
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368:
345:
339:
338:
318:
312:
311:
288:
282:
281:
271:
265:
264:
254:
21:
18:Dawaro Sultanate
1470:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1387:
1347:
1321:
1280:Sidama kingdoms
1275:
1231:
1172:
1022:
883:Aussa Sultanate
829:
823:
793:
792:
782:
780:
759:
758:
754:
747:
732:
731:
727:
715:
714:
710:
703:
688:
687:
683:
676:
661:
660:
656:
649:
634:
633:
629:
619:
617:
596:
595:
591:
584:
569:
568:
564:
554:
552:
531:
530:
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519:
504:
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408:
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381:
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366:
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335:
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290:
289:
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273:
272:
268:
256:
255:
251:
246:
234:
162:Futuh al-Habasa
155:Battle of Gomit
130:Jamal ad-Din II
120:, a goat 3,000
82:Royal Chronicle
67:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1468:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1409:Gareen dynasty
1406:
1401:
1395:
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1385:
1380:
1375:
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1233:
1232:
1230:
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1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
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1165:
1160:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
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1071:
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1041:
1036:
1030:
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1024:
1023:
1021:
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1010:
1005:
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995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
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935:
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920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
844:
842:
835:
831:
830:
827:Horn of Africa
824:
822:
821:
814:
807:
799:
791:
790:
752:
745:
725:
708:
701:
681:
674:
654:
647:
627:
589:
582:
562:
524:
517:
497:
490:
470:
431:
421:
401:
394:
374:
360:
340:
333:
313:
303:
283:
266:
248:
247:
245:
242:
241:
240:
233:
230:
170:Adal Sultanate
99:Jamal Ad-Din I
66:
63:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1467:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Zagwe dynasty
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1384:
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1344:
1341:
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1334:
1331:
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1318:
1315:
1313:
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1305:
1303:
1300:
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1284:
1282:
1278:
1272:
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1267:
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1259:
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1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1175:
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1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
858:Aussa Imamate
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
845:
843:
839:
836:
832:
828:
820:
815:
813:
808:
806:
801:
800:
797:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
756:
753:
748:
742:
739:. Routledge.
738:
737:
729:
726:
721:
720:
712:
709:
704:
702:9780932415196
698:
694:
693:
685:
682:
677:
675:9780932415196
671:
667:
666:
658:
655:
650:
648:9780932415196
644:
640:
639:
631:
628:
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608:
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600:
593:
590:
585:
583:9780932415196
579:
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543:
539:
535:
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491:9780932415196
487:
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418:
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413:
405:
402:
397:
391:
387:
386:
378:
375:
363:
361:9781317052715
357:
353:
352:
344:
341:
336:
334:9780932415196
330:
326:
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317:
314:
310:
306:
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296:
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144:
143:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
100:
95:
94:Sabr ad-Din I
91:
87:
83:
76:
71:
64:
62:
60:
59:Arsi Province
56:
53:and north of
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
1044:Akkele Guzay
781:. Retrieved
769:
765:
755:
735:
728:
718:
711:
691:
684:
664:
657:
637:
630:
618:. Retrieved
606:
602:
592:
572:
565:
553:. Retrieved
541:
537:
527:
507:
500:
480:
473:
448:
444:
434:
426:
411:
404:
384:
377:
365:. Retrieved
350:
343:
323:
316:
308:
293:
286:
276:
269:
259:
252:
218:
207:
196:
161:
159:
140:
134:
121:
117:
113:
103:
81:
79:
47:Amda Seyon I
34:
30:
29:
1236:Kingdom of
1179:Beta Israel
1177:Kingdom of
84:of Emperor
1439:Categories
415:. UNESCO.
244:References
214:Gelawdewos
203:Gelawdewos
199:Wanya Daga
151:Zara Yaqob
137:Zara Yaqob
86:Amda Seyon
1392:Dynasties
1287:Bahargamo
1114:Mai-Tsade
873:Mogadishu
772:(2): 18.
609:(2): 18.
544:(2): 18.
457:1063-2751
451:(2): 19.
142:Fitawrari
1302:Kambaata
1202:Waldebba
1099:Hamasien
1094:Gheralta
1089:Entitcho
1064:Begemder
1034:Ambassel
898:Aymallal
888:Arababni
778:42731322
615:42731322
550:42731322
465:42731322
232:See also
135:Emperor
1343:Welayta
1271:Wolayta
1256:Janjero
1227:Wolqayt
1222:Tsegede
1187:Dembiya
1129:Tselemt
1119:Tembien
1104:Haramat
1084:Enderta
1079:Dembela
1074:Delanta
1013:Tankish
1003:Sharkha
923:Dankali
908:Baqulin
893:Argobba
175:Dawit I
153:at the
126:Dawit I
122:hakunas
118:hakunas
114:hakunas
65:History
39:Amharic
1356:Events
1317:Sigamo
1312:Sidamo
1292:Buzamo
1251:Enarya
1212:Wegera
1207:Semien
1197:Gojjam
1153:Efrata
1139:Semada
1134:Salowa
1124:Tigray
1049:Amhara
1018:Werjih
998:Qita'a
993:Nagash
968:Hadiya
963:Gurage
958:Gidaya
948:Gabaal
943:Dawaro
933:Belgin
918:Dobe'a
913:Dahlak
853:Ajuran
834:States
776:
743:
699:
672:
645:
613:
580:
548:
515:
488:
463:
455:
419:
392:
358:
331:
301:
222:Jaarso
210:Oromos
192:Gaturi
51:Hadiya
43:Hadiya
31:Dawaro
1266:Sheka
1261:Kaffa
1246:Dawro
1238:Damot
1217:Qwara
1192:Gafat
1163:Shire
1157:Geshe
1149:Shewa
1144:Serae
1109:Lasta
1069:Bugna
1054:Angot
1039:Agame
978:Jarin
973:Harar
928:Bazin
878:Tunni
783:2 May
774:JSTOR
620:2 May
611:JSTOR
555:2 May
546:JSTOR
461:JSTOR
367:2 May
187:jizya
183:Harar
35:Doaro
1297:Garo
1059:Bahr
988:Mora
983:Maya
953:Ganz
938:Dara
903:Bale
868:Ifat
848:Adal
785:2023
741:ISBN
697:ISBN
670:ISBN
643:ISBN
622:2023
578:ISBN
557:2023
513:ISBN
486:ISBN
453:ISSN
417:ISBN
390:ISBN
369:2023
356:ISBN
329:ISBN
299:ISBN
226:Arsi
110:Ifat
90:Ifat
75:Horn
55:Bali
1168:Wag
190:al-
33:or
1441::
1155:,
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