40:
637:
also posed a great threat to the survival of the nation as they were destined to assimilate with other cultures. Pakštas called for the planning and regulation of this migration with the intent to form a colony where
Lithuanians would constitute the majority of the population, thus eliminating the
621:, the wealth and people of Lithuania will be exterminated with brutality, which is unheard of. Not only will they be robbed, but also spiritual fortunes will be destroyed with great rage, and there will be attempts to eliminate every beam of Lithuanian spirituality and creativity” — Kazys Pakštas.
646:
In Pakštas' own words, since 1924, "little by little, without haste, he explored the possibilities of establishing a second small, but autonomous, Lithuania somewhere far away from the surplus population who had voluntarily emigrated from
Lithuania", and that he had looked at many possibilities:
776:. Meetings to set a land purchase or lease deal with local authorities in the territory were held. However, due to the rise of an independence movement in British Honduras, this location was abandoned as well. In 1958, Pakštas wrote that:
826:
In the "gymnasium" phase, the colony increases to 5,000 inhabitants. Then the cultural autonomy is transferred to the territorial one - the creation of one's own state. The rights would depend on an agreement with the
British
830:"University" could be reached in about 25 years. The population due to Lithuanian immigrants and natural increase would increase to 60,000. Then it would be possible to have extensive autonomous rights and have a university.
679:
seemed better then, especially in terms of political rights, but large numbers of
British colonists were already penetrating it and the better lands were quickly bought up. In 1939–46, I looked at many areas, which include
823:
When the number of inhabitants would increase to 3,000, then would begin the "progymnasium" phase. As the industry and trade would develop, own newspapers and organizations would be created.
1138:
788:
The idea of creating a
Lithuanian hearth in British Honduras did not receive success in the press of Lithuanians that had escaped Soviet occupation. It was also criticized in
784:, assured me that the Lithuanian group would immediately receive cultural autonomy, which we currently do not have either in our old Fatherland or elsewhere in the world."
1155:
598:
1046:
1000:
1029:
92:
1160:
789:
446:
1130:
451:
456:
780:"I consider the most important outcome of my research to be that the British local government in British Honduras, in the person of
468:
162:
1165:
522:
606:
337:
1117:
655:, but they were later already settled by the local French. In 1927, I was interested in colonization opportunities in the
781:
732:. I didn't definitively recommend any of those lands, but I did think they were worth exploring for group colonization.
387:
226:
1080:
282:
197:
332:
705:
617:“It is obvious to me that one of those countries will occupy Lithuania. And since both of these neighbours are
473:
342:
478:
493:
483:
402:
277:
1063:
610:
590:
566:
434:
419:
409:
352:
217:
1037:
685:
656:
578:
515:
488:
382:
203:
1100:
652:
288:
255:
244:
191:
60:
793:
676:
664:
364:
250:
65:
848:
773:
729:
562:
347:
127:
55:
23:
1133:[Kazys Pakštas: professor of fantasies or a genius geopolitical strategist? (2)].
672:
618:
558:
508:
414:
317:
294:
87:
589:
This semi-independent state was thought to serve as a safe haven for
Lithuanians if the
749:
721:
327:
122:
77:
1149:
853:
820:"Primary school phase" – a village of 25 families with a primary school and a chapel.
725:
717:
630:
424:
397:
357:
210:
167:
157:
147:
39:
1009:
713:
594:
392:
272:
816:
Professor Pakštas had even planned the phases in which
Dausava would be created:
741:
697:
681:
634:
112:
1131:"Kazys Pakštas: fantazijų profesorius ar genialus geopolitikos strategas? (2)"
844:
757:
626:
260:
152:
132:
107:
102:
97:
808:, but support for the project was getting weaker and it was never realized.
761:
737:
602:
574:
555:
265:
70:
593:
would be occupied. Pakštas believed that because of the tensions between
322:
312:
142:
137:
117:
805:
753:
745:
701:
82:
1003:
Nova
Lituania review – droll study of a Baltic state's identity crisis
847:
Marius Ivaškevičius. The concept also inspired the making of the 2019
709:
693:
689:
668:
660:
570:
429:
31:
772:
It was finally decided in the late 1950s to establish the colony in
172:
764:
were abandoned due to the unstable political situation there.
1120:[Kazys Pakštas: Throughout life as through the wild].
554:), is a geopolitical concept devised in the 20th century by
16:
Hypothetical
Lithuanian colony in a geopolitically safe area
756:-like climate, worthy of interest. He had even looked at
625:
He also feared that the chaotic and non-directional mass
943:
941:
908:
906:
675:, but the political conditions did not seem favorable.
1101:"Kazys Pakštas: žymus geografas, neišgirstas pranašas"
982:
980:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
760:as a possibility. Efforts to establish a colony in
804:The last considered location for Dausuva were the
651:In 1924, I became interested in the clay soils in
839:This theory was featured in the three-part play
857:, created by writer-director Karolis Kaupinis.
663:, but I learnt that Lithuanians would not get
1118:"Kazys Pakštas: Per gyvenimą – lyg per tyrus"
873:
516:
8:
885:
1116:Valiušaitis, Vidmantas (2 November 2008).
728:. About three years ago I concentrated on
523:
509:
18:
959:
1064:"Kazio Pakšto idėjos šių dienų Lietuvai"
1047:"Naujos erdvės lietuvių tautai jieškant"
986:
947:
1062:Kačerauskienė, Gražina (21 July 2004).
912:
897:
866:
373:
303:
234:
181:
46:
30:
999:Felperin, Leslie (November 11, 2020).
971:
565:, which sought to create a Lithuanian
1129:Statinis, Gerimantas (29 June 2015).
7:
1099:Terleckas, Vladas (25 June 2003).
1081:"Ieškom vietos "Mažajai Lietuvai""
14:
1141:from the original on 7 June 2016.
1156:History of Lithuania (1918–1940)
38:
1079:Pakštas, Kazys (October 1958).
736:Pakštas was also interested by
638:threat of the nation's demise.
1:
667:here. In 1930–31, I explored
569:overseas. It was named after
748:islands. He also considered
1161:History of British Honduras
1045:Jagminas, V. (April 1959).
1034:Utenos Krašto Enciklopedija
609:by either of them and face
1182:
1028:Isokas, Gediminas (2002).
283:Third International Theory
790:Soviet-occupied Lithuania
551:
543:
843:, written by Lithuanian
1166:Intentional communities
1036:. Utena. Archived from
443:Communities by country
1068:XXI Amžiaus Horizontai
786:
734:
629:of Lithuanians to the
623:
278:Real utopian sociology
47:Mythical and religious
1040:on 17 September 2008.
778:
649:
615:
591:Republic of Lithuania
410:Intentional community
353:Post-scarcity economy
619:totalitarian regimes
605:would eventually be
579:Lithuanian mythology
227:Dystopian literature
835:Cultural references
289:Utopia for Realists
245:Communitas perfecta
218:Gulliver's Travels
192:Ideology and Utopia
61:City of the Caesars
900:, pp. 10, 18.
874:Kačerauskienė 2004
657:state of São Paulo
93:Garden of the gods
1137:(in Lithuanian).
1135:Pasaulio Lietuvis
1107:(in Lithuanian).
1090:(in Lithuanian).
1070:(in Lithuanian).
1053:(in Lithuanian).
794:Soviet propaganda
677:Southern Rhodesia
665:cultural autonomy
544:Reserve Lithuania
540:Atsarginė Lietuva
533:
532:
365:Utopian socialism
251:Communist society
66:Cloud cuckoo land
1173:
1142:
1125:
1124:(in Lithuanian).
1112:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1058:
1041:
1015:
1014:
996:
990:
984:
975:
969:
963:
957:
951:
945:
916:
910:
901:
895:
889:
886:Valiušaitis 2008
883:
877:
871:
774:British Honduras
768:British Honduras
730:British Honduras
706:Matanuska Valley
553:
545:
525:
518:
511:
348:Cyber-utopianism
163:Most Great Peace
42:
19:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1146:
1145:
1128:
1115:
1098:
1088:Lietuvių Dienos
1083:
1078:
1061:
1044:
1030:"Kazys Pakštas"
1027:
1024:
1019:
1018:
998:
997:
993:
985:
978:
970:
966:
958:
954:
946:
919:
911:
904:
896:
892:
884:
880:
872:
868:
863:
837:
814:
802:
770:
673:southern Africa
644:
635:First World War
587:
529:
500:
469:Associationists
415:Atarashiki-mura
369:
318:Agriculturalism
299:
295:Utopian studies
223:
177:
88:Fortunate Isles
17:
12:
11:
5:
1179:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1126:
1113:
1096:
1076:
1059:
1042:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
991:
976:
964:
960:Terleckas 2003
952:
917:
902:
890:
878:
865:
864:
862:
859:
836:
833:
832:
831:
828:
824:
821:
813:
810:
801:
798:
769:
766:
750:Western Canada
722:British Guiana
653:central Quebec
643:
640:
633:following the
586:
583:
548:Žalioji atžala
538:also known as
531:
530:
528:
527:
520:
513:
505:
502:
501:
499:
498:
497:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
465:Organizations
462:
461:
460:
459:
454:
449:
440:
439:
438:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
406:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
376:
375:
371:
370:
368:
367:
362:
361:
360:
355:
350:
340:
338:Social harmony
335:
330:
328:Millenarianism
325:
320:
315:
309:
306:
305:
301:
300:
298:
297:
292:
285:
280:
275:
270:
269:
268:
258:
253:
248:
240:
237:
236:
232:
231:
230:
229:
222:
221:
214:
207:
200:
195:
187:
184:
183:
179:
178:
176:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
123:Kingdom of God
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
74:
73:
63:
58:
52:
49:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1178:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1122:Verslo Žinios
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1004:
995:
992:
988:
987:Jagminas 1959
983:
981:
977:
973:
968:
965:
961:
956:
953:
949:
948:Statinis 2015
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
918:
915:, p. 18.
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
894:
891:
887:
882:
879:
875:
870:
867:
860:
858:
856:
855:
854:Nova Lituania
850:
846:
842:
834:
829:
825:
822:
819:
818:
817:
811:
809:
807:
799:
797:
795:
791:
785:
783:
777:
775:
767:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
733:
731:
727:
726:South America
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:Territory in
691:
687:
683:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
648:
641:
639:
636:
632:
628:
622:
620:
614:
612:
608:
604:
601:at the time,
600:
599:Soviet Russia
596:
592:
584:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:Kazys Pakštas
560:
557:
549:
541:
537:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
506:
504:
503:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
474:Anthroposophs
472:
470:
467:
466:
464:
463:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
442:
441:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
425:Huaxi Village
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
401:
399:
398:Pirate utopia
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
380:
378:
377:
372:
366:
363:
359:
358:Transhumanism
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
344:
343:Technological
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
310:
308:
307:
302:
296:
293:
291:
290:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
267:
264:
263:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
246:
242:
241:
239:
238:
233:
228:
225:
224:
220:
219:
215:
213:
212:
208:
206:
205:
201:
199:
196:
194:
193:
189:
188:
186:
185:
180:
174:
171:
169:
168:New Jerusalem
166:
164:
161:
159:
158:Mount Penglai
156:
154:
151:
149:
148:Merry England
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
72:
69:
68:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
53:
51:
50:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
29:
25:
21:
20:
1134:
1121:
1108:
1104:
1091:
1087:
1071:
1067:
1054:
1050:
1038:the original
1033:
1010:The Guardian
1008:
1002:
994:
967:
955:
913:Pakštas 1958
898:Pakštas 1958
893:
881:
869:
852:
849:period drama
840:
838:
827:authorities.
815:
803:
787:
782:its governor
779:
771:
735:
714:New Hebrides
684:(especially
650:
645:
624:
616:
611:assimilation
595:Nazi Germany
588:
575:spirit world
552:Green Sprout
547:
539:
535:
534:
393:Open borders
383:Architecture
287:
273:Pantisocracy
243:
216:
209:
204:The Republic
202:
190:
972:Isokas 2002
752:, with its
742:New Zealand
698:Peace River
682:East Africa
479:Lindisfarne
435:Sustainable
420:Egalitarian
256:Heterotopia
113:Great Unity
1150:Categories
1105:XXI Amžius
861:References
845:playwright
841:Madagascar
758:Madagascar
700:Valley in
686:Tanganyika
627:emigration
613:by force.
585:Background
556:Lithuanian
550:(English:
542:(English:
484:Millennium
261:Ideal city
182:Literature
153:Mezzoramia
133:Libertatia
108:Satya Yuga
103:Golden Age
98:Shangri-La
762:Venezuela
744:and some
738:Australia
603:Lithuania
494:Zeitgeist
266:Sforzinda
71:Cockaigne
1139:Archived
746:Oceanian
642:Location
607:occupied
561:thinker
559:interwar
536:Dausuva,
374:Practice
323:Escapism
313:Arcology
304:Concepts
143:Mahoroba
138:Mag Mell
118:Ketumati
24:a series
22:Part of
1111:(1153).
1022:Sources
806:Bahamas
800:Bahamas
754:Siberia
718:Pacific
716:in the
702:Alberta
688:), the
457:Germany
452:Finland
447:America
333:New Man
83:Elysium
56:Arcadia
32:Utopias
1057:(119).
720:, and
712:, the
710:Alaska
704:, the
696:, the
694:Quebec
690:Mingan
669:Angola
661:Brazil
571:Dausos
567:colony
430:Nanjie
388:HosPex
235:Theory
211:Utopia
1094:(87).
1084:(PDF)
1074:(83).
1051:Aidai
851:film
546:) or
128:Opona
812:Plan
631:West
597:and
573:— a
198:List
173:Zion
78:Eden
792:by
724:in
708:in
671:in
581:.
577:in
489:WSF
403:UBI
1152::
1109:49
1103:.
1086:.
1072:14
1066:.
1049:.
1032:.
1007:.
979:^
920:^
905:^
796:.
740:,
659:,
26:on
1092:8
1055:4
1013:.
1005:"
1001:"
989:.
974:.
962:.
950:.
888:.
876:.
524:e
517:t
510:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
