174:. Robinson and Catling used the physics of radiation to explain why the tropopause temperature minimum in these extremely different atmospheres occurs at a common pressure. They propose that pressure around 0.1 bar could be a fairly general rule for planets with stratospheric temperature inversions. This rule could constrain the atmospheric structure of exoplanets and hence their surface temperature and habitability.
89:(GOE) starting about 2.4 billion years ago, even though bacteria that produced oxygen likely evolved hundreds of millions of years earlier. Catling's theory proposes that biological oxygen was initially used by reactions with chemicals in the environment; gradually, however, Earth's environment shifted to a tipping point where oxygen flooded the air.
117:
Catling also contributed to the first measurements of Earth's atmospheric thickness billions of years ago. He helped pioneer two techniques: using fossil raindrop imprints to set an upper limit on air density, which was applied to fossil imprints from 2.7 billion years ago, and using fossil bubbles
93:
is the key part of this theory. Before oxygen was abundant, methane gas could reach concentrations hundreds or thousands of times greater than today's 1.8 parts per million. Ultraviolet light decomposes methane molecules in the upper atmosphere, causing hydrogen gas to escape into space. Over time,
121:
Catling has also researched the evolution of the atmosphere and surface of Mars. In the 1990s, he pioneered research on how the types of salts from dried-up lakes or seas on Mars could indicate the past environment and whether Mars was habitable. Since then, the discovery of salts and clays from
1200:
Hecht, M. H.; Kounaves, S. P.; Quinn, R. C.; West, S. J.; Young, S. M. M.; Ming, D. W.; Catling, D. C.; Clark, B. C.; Boynton, W. V.; Hoffman, J.; DeFlores, L. P.; Gospodinova, K.; Kapit, J.; Smith, P. H. (2009). "Detection of perchlorate and soluble chemistry of martian soil: Findings from the
39:
program and contributed research to help find life elsewhere in the solar system and on planets orbiting other stars. He is also known for his work on the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere, including how Earth's atmosphere became rich in oxygen, allowing complex life to evolve, and
130:
mission, which in 2008 was the first spacecraft to land in the ice-rich high latitudes of Mars. Catling contributed to research that included the first scoops by a lander of water ice from below the surface of Mars and the first measurement of soluble salts in martian soil, including the
84:
In the area of the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere, Catling is known for a theory explaining how the Earth's crust accumulated large quantities of oxidized minerals and how the atmosphere became rich in oxygen. Geological records show that oxygen flooded the atmosphere in a
98:
of hydrogen– a powerful reducing agent -caused Earth to oxidize and reach the GOE tipping point. Measurements of atmospheric xenon in ancient seawater trapped inside old rocks, published since the 2010s, supports the theory: Earth's atmospheric
177:
Work by
Catling and his students is also the first to accurately quantify the thermodynamic disequilibrium in planetary atmospheres of the Solar System, which has been proposed as a means to look for life remotely.
1009:
Som, S. M.; Buick, R.; Hagadorn, J. W.; Blake, T. S.; Perrault, J. M.; Harnmeijer, J. P.; Catling, D. C. (2012). "Earth's air pressure 2.7 billion years ago constrained to less than half of modern levels".
933:
Som, S. M.; Catling, D. C.; Harnmeijer, J. P.; Polivka, P. M.; Buick, R. (2012). "Air density 2.7 billion years ago limited to less than twice modern levels by fossil raindrop imprints".
114:
to trace atmospheric and seawater oxygen, and the results of such a study showed that Earth's second increase in oxygen occurred in fits and starts spread over about 100 million years.
143:) around -120 °C. Glasses are known to be far better for preserving microbes and biological molecules than crystalline salts, which could be relevant to the search for
1453:
158:
In the field of planetary atmospheres, David
Catling and Tyler Robinson proposed a general explanation for a curious observation: the minimum air temperature between the
1053:
31:
whose research focuses on understanding the differences between the evolution of planets, their atmospheres, and their potential for life. He has participated in
239:
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Krissansen-Totton, J.; Bergsman, D. S.; Catling, D. C. (2016). "On detecting biospheres from chemical disequilibrium in planetary atmospheres".
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Toner, J. D.; Catling, D. C.; Light, B. (2014). "The formation of supercooled brines, viscous liquids, and low-temperature glasses on Mars".
985:
106:
Other studies about Earth's atmospheric oxygen have considered its second increase around 600 million years ago acted as a precursor to the
908:
139:
salts, as found on Mars, Toner and
Catling discovered that such solutions super cool and never crystallize. The perchlorates form glasses (
1287:
Robinson, T. D.; Catling, D. C. (2014). "Common 0.1 bar tropopause in thick atmospheres set by pressure-dependent infrared transparency".
707:
Catling, D. C.; Zahnle, K. J.; McKay, C. P. (2001). "Biogenic methane, hydrogen escape, and the irreversible oxidation of early Earth".
1071:
Catling, David C. (2014-08-04). "Mars
Atmosphere: History and Surface Interactions". In Spohn, T.; Breuer, D.; Johnson, T. V. (eds.).
217:
1080:
476:
199:
1098:"A chemical model for evaporites on early Mars: Possible sedimentary tracers of the early climate and implications for exploration"
118:
in ancient lava flows, which suggests that air pressure 2.7 billion years ago was less than half that of the modern atmosphere.
76:(AGU) for “for creative insights into coupling between Earth’s biota and its atmosphere over timescales of billions of years”.
851:
Pogge von
Strandmann, P.; StĂĽeken, E. E.; Elliott, T.; Poulton, S. W.; Dehler, C. M.; Canfield, D. E.; Catling, D. C. (2015).
548:
773:
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Krissansen-Totton, J.; Schwieterman, E.; Charnay, B.; Arney, G.; Robinson, T. D.; Meadows, V.; Catling, D. C. (2016).
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David
Catling has authored over 150 scientific articles or book chapters. He is the author of the following books:
100:
73:
69:
247:
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170:') occurs a pressure of about 0.1 bar on Earth, Titan, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. This level is the
61:
20:
167:
86:
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724:
455:
Catling, D. C. (2014). "The Great
Oxidation Event Transition". In Holland, H. D.; Turekian, K. K. (eds.).
52:
David
Catling completed a D.Phil. in the Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics at the
123:
1149:; Boynton, W. V.; Carswell, A.; Catling, D. C.; et al. (2009). "H2O at the Phoenix landing site".
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is required by complex life on habitable planets and the concept of planetary "oxygenation time".
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1369:"Disequilibrium biosignatures over Earth history and implications for detecting exoplanet life"
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334:"Is the Pale Blue Dot unique? Optimized photometric bands for identifying Earth-like planets"
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were most plausibly lost by being dragged out to space by vigorously escaping hydrogen.
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in 1994. After working as a postdoctoral scholar and then research scientist at NASA's
28:
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853:"Selenium isotope evidence for progressive oxidation of the Neoproterozoic biosphere"
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135:. In experimental work with Jonathan Toner to examine low-temperature solutions of
601:"Alkaline lake settings for concentrated prebiotic cyanide and the origin of life"
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650:"Creation and evolution of impact-generated reduced atmospheres of early Earth"
822:
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600:
171:
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Catling, D. C.; Glein, C. R.; Zahnle, K. J.; McKay, C. P. (June 2005). "Why O
1342:"A new 'atmospheric disequilibrium' could help detect life on other planets"
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986:"What a Baking Pan and Hairspray Taught Us About Earth's Ancient Atmosphere"
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162:(the lowest atmospheric layer where temperature declines with altitude) and
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Zahnle, K. J.; Catling, D. C. "Waiting for oxygen". In Shaw, G. H. (ed.).
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460:
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789:"Strange messenger: A new history of hydrogen on Earth as told by xenon"
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Krissansen-Totton, Joshua; Olson, Stephanie; Catling, David C. (2018).
132:
122:
former lakebeds has been a key success of missions to Mars by NASA and
1318:
1031:
648:
Zahnle, Kevin J.; Lupu, Roxana; Catling, David C.; Wogan, N. (2020).
110:. Catling proposed looking at oxygen-sensitive variations in stable
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805:
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Special Paper 504: Earth's Early
Atmosphere and Surface Environment
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350:
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1060:. Vol. 419, no. 8989. May 14–20, 2012. pp. 69–70.
32:
909:"Oxygen provided breath of life that allowed animals to evolve"
68:
at the
University of Washington. in 2023, he was elected a
1145:
Smith, P. H.; Tamppari, L.; Arvidson, R. E.; Bass, D. S.;
787:
Zahnle, Kevin J.; Gacesa, Mark; Catling, David C. (2019).
1075:(Third ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 343–357.
574:"Did phosphorus-rich lakes help kickstart life on Earth?"
240:"As a New Space Race Heats Up, Mars Beckons Once Again"
266:
264:
210:
Atmospheric Evolution on Inhabited and Lifeless Worlds
166:(where temperature increases with altitude in an '
19:is a Professor in Earth and Space Sciences at the
212:. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, 2017.
1054:"The curious lightness of an early atmosphere"
599:Toner, Jonathan D.; Catling, David C. (2019).
126:. Catling was on the Science Team for NASA's
60:from 1995-2001, he became a professor at the
8:
391:Catlng, David C.; Zahnle, Kevin J. (2020).
1454:Fellows of the American Geophysical Union
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192:Astrobiology: A Very Short Introduction
7:
549:"Why E.T. Would Also Breathe Oxygen"
64:in 2001. Since 2012, he has been a
469:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.01307-3
14:
1449:University of Washington faculty
1073:Encyclopedia of the Solar System
1102:Journal of Geophysical Research
793:Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
605:Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
459:(Second ed.). Amsterdam:
101:xenon and its lighter isotopes
1:
774:Geological Society of America
580:. EarthSky Communications Inc
1274:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.01.018
238:Shapiro, Nina (April 2015).
40:conditions conducive to the
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1348:. University of Washington
369:10.3847/0004-637X/817/1/31
74:American Geophysical Union
823:10.1016/j.gca.2018.09.017
654:Planetary Science Journal
626:10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.031
547:Dorminey, Bruce (2012).
457:Treatise on Geochemistry
393:"The Archean Atmosphere"
62:University of Washington
21:University of Washington
1223:10.1126/science.1172466
1171:10.1126/science.1172339
1108:(E7): 16, 453–16, 470.
1096:Catling, D. C. (1999).
739:10.1126/science.1061976
1403:10.1126/sciadv.aao5747
1201:Phoenix Mars Lander".
984:Marder, Jenny (2012).
572:Anderson, Paul Scott.
518:10.1089/ast.2005.5.415
417:10.1126/sciadv.aax1420
857:Nature Communications
338:Astrophysical Journal
303:10.1089/ast.2015.1327
87:Great Oxidation Event
1123:10.1029/1998JE001020
463:. pp. 177–195.
151:, and Saturn's moon
112:isotopes of selenium
58:Ames Research Center
54:University of Oxford
1395:2018SciA....4.5747K
1311:2014NatGe...7...12R
1266:2014Icar..233...36T
1215:2009Sci...325...64H
1163:2009Sci...325...58S
1114:1999JGR...10416453C
1024:2016NatGe...9..448S
955:10.1038/nature10890
947:2012Natur.484..359S
877:10.1038/ncomms10157
869:2015NatCo...610157P
815:2019GeCoA.244...56Z
721:2001Sci...293..839C
676:2020PSJ.....1...11Z
617:2019GeCoA.260..124T
510:2005AsBio...5..415C
409:2020SciA....6.1420C
360:2016ApJ...817...31K
295:2016AsBio..16...39K
205:Catling, David C.;
108:rise of animal life
91:Atmospheric methane
25:planetary scientist
685:10.3847/psj/ab7e2c
190:Catling, David C.
96:atmospheric escape
1289:Nature Geoscience
1012:Nature Geoscience
941:(7394): 359–362.
776:. pp. 37–48.
715:(5531): 839–843.
207:Kasting, James F.
147:, Jupiter's moon
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611:: 124–132.
160:troposphere
137:perchlorate
1443:Categories
1386:1801.08211
1147:Blaney, D.
995:2016-08-21
806:1809.06960
667:2001.00095
558:2016-08-21
351:1512.00502
286:1503.08249
254:2016-08-21
225:References
172:tropopause
23:. He is a
1302:1312.6859
1260:: 36–47.
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