858:, where I got the Honolulu papers, staring me in the face was the news that the Queen had deeded her property to her two Nephews, with some reservation for the payment of her outstanding liabilites . Curious to know what led the Queen to dispense with her estate in the way she did, I learned from one of the parties concerned in the transaction, whom I knew well and intimately, that in her anxiety that the older of the two Boys, David Kawananakoa, should marry Princess Kaʻiulani, a union that she had set her heart on, she executed the deed as a means of overcoming the reflection and representations made to her, that unless she did so, Kaʻiulani would not entertain or consent to marry David as he had no visible means of supporting a wife. That Princess Kaʻiulani ever entertained this proposition, I doubt. At all events, the union did not materialize, much to the Queen's disappointment. She then tried to recover the property, but proved unavailing. She died not long after."
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Kawānanakoa was printed in the newspapers. Kapiʻolani did deed all her property, real and personal, to the brothers on
February 10, with the express stipulation that the documentation not be executed until she was ready. Kapiʻolani wanted to hold off the transfer until she was too old to manage the property herself, and/or otherwise would believe she was close to death. She last saw the document with her notary
745:. In the subsequent election cycle, his younger brother Kūhiō (who was a former member of the Home Rule Party) joined the Republicans while the Democrats including Kawānanakoa allied with Wilcox. There was allegedly no animosity between the two brothers over the political differences. Kūhiō ended up winning the election, becoming the first former royal prince to serve in the United States Congress.
609:, the Hawaiian Minister to the United States, voiced criticism at Davies' action in bringing Kaʻiulani to the United States without the consent of Cleghorn or the queen. Cleveland was inaugurated on March 4. The new president withdrew the treaty of annexation from the Senate on March 9 and appointed
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to restore Liliʻuokalani to the throne. After the failed rebellion, the queen was imprisoned in the former bedrooms of the princes at ʻIolani Palace. Documents presented against the former queen at the subsequent trials included signed commissions for a restored monarchial government with Kawānanakoa
768:
Family lore also conflicts over the exact nature of her relationship with Kawānanakoa. Kaʻiulani's niece Mabel
Robertson Lucas said that the two cousins were close but only like siblings. Nancy and Jean Francis Webb's 1962 biography of Kaʻiulani says that Kawānanakoa's eventual wife told an unnamed
600:
on
February 2, arrived in San Francisco on February 11, and reached Washington, DC, on February 17. Macfarlane and Kawānanakoa were dispatched to present the queen's letter to President-elect Cleveland. While in New York, Kawānanakoa also visited his cousin Princess Kaʻiulani, who was in the United
665:
of
Congress, on July 7, 1898. The annexation ceremony was held on August 12, 1898, at the former ʻIolani Palace, now being used as the executive building of the government. President Dole handed over "the sovereignty and public property of the Hawaiian Islands" to United States minister
760:
and later reprinted in newspapers across the United States. According to the report, the betrothal was dependent upon the finalization of deeds to a sizeable real estate holding, transferred from Queen Kapiʻolani to both Kawānanakoa and
Kalanianaʻole. On February 19, a denial of betrothal from
1535:
804:, who refused to let her daughter marry the prince until he signed a prenuptial agreement. Two days prior, his mother-in-law had remarried to Kawānanakoa's former political rival Samuel Parker. After their marriage, Abigail assumed the courtesy title of princess. Their children were
892:
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was officially recognized. The queen temporarily relinquished her throne to the United States, rather than the Dole-led government, in hopes that the United States would restore Hawaii's sovereignty to the rightful holder. A pro-annexationist delegation headed by
378:
in 1810. Kaumualiʻi was also descended from the ruling families of Maui and Oʻahu. Kawānanakoa's father's paternal line was descended from a junior line of Kauaʻi while his father’s mother maternal line also originated from the ruling line of Hawaiʻi Island.
365:
class of the
Hawaiian nobility and traced their descents to the ruling lines of each of the Hawaiian Islands prior to conquest. His mother's paternal line goes back to the ruling families of the island of Hawaiʻi while her maternal grandfather was King
452:, Queen Kapiʻolani, and Princess Poʻomaikelani. The king also furthered outlined that he wished in the case that the throne passed to Kawānanakoa or his brother that they "assume the name and title of Kalakaua, and to be numbered in order from" him.
495:. Kawānanakoa was enrolled in the fall of 1884 and his younger brothers were enrolled in the spring of 1885. Keliʻiahonui fell ill at school and returned to Hawaii where he died. Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō returned to Hawaii shortly afterward.
419:
where the Hyatt
Regency Waikiki now stands. After the completion of the new palace in 1882, they occupied a in large second floor bedroom, which later became known as the "Imprisonment Room" because it was where Kalākaua's successor Queen
670:. The flag of Hawaii was lowered, and the flag of the United States was raised in its place. Liliʻuokalani with Kaʻiulani, Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō, their family members and retainers boycotted the event and shuttered themselves away at
2893:
US House of
Representatives; et al. (Kato, Kenneth; Litten, Joshua; Burns, Jacqueline, V.; Ethier, Grace; Hromada, Erin Marie-Lloyd; Murphy, Michael; O’Hara, Laura Turner; Rucker, Terrance) (2018). Kowalewski, Albin J. (ed.).
386:. Born with the surname Piʻikoi, Kawānanakoa and Kalanianaʻole (more commonly referred to as Kūhiō) later adopted their given Hawaiian names as their surname. Sources state the brothers either changed their names in 1883 or 1891.
447:
In Kalākaua's will drafted in 1888, Kawānanakoa and his brother Kūhiō (their other brother Keliʻiahonui was deceased by this point) were included in a proposed line of succession after Liliʻuokalani, the king's niece
Princess
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who adopted him and his brothers after the death of their parents. On multiple occasions, he and his brothers were considered as candidates for the line of succession to the
Hawaiian throne after their cousin Princess
653:
on February 21. Kawānanakoa would be released due to lack of evidence. His brother Kūhiō played a more active role in the rebellion and was found guilty by a military tribunal and sentenced to one year imprisonment.
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or the consort crown during Kalākaua's and Kapiʻolani's coronation ceremony at ʻIolani Palace. After the death of Kekaulike in 1884, Kalākaua and Kapiʻolani assumed legal guardianship over all three boys.
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753:
Records indicate that there may have been a written agreement of betrothal with Princess Kaʻiulani, that was quickly aborted. An unsubstantiated announcement dated February 3, 1898, was printed in
479:). After completing their basic education in Hawaii, they also traveled abroad for further study. His uncle King Kalākaua championed future Hawaiian leaders attaining a broader education with his 1880
411:
After their father's death in 1878, his mother Kekaulike brought Kawānanakoa and his brothers to live in Honolulu. The family split their times living with the king and queen on the premise of the old
577:
outlining her case. However, the provisional government refused the queen's request to send her own envoys on the same ship as their delegation. Liliʻuokalani appointed Kawānanakoa and her lawyer
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to the locals, becoming the first California surfers in 1885. In September 1890, Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō became the first surfers in the British Isles and taught their English tutor
2345:
3100:
2877:
The Rebellion of 1895: A Complete History of the Insurrection Against the Republic of Hawaii: List of Officers and Members of the National Guard of Hawaii and the Citizen's Guard
726:
605:. Dissent developed between Davies and Liliʻuokalani's representatives in the United States over Davies' influence over Kaʻiulani. Kawānanakoa along with Neumann, Macfarlane and
3025:
3105:
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456:
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was sent by the provisional government for Washington, D.C., on January 19, to lobby for immediate annexation by the United States. The queen wrote letters to President
854:, a royal courtier who served as chamberlain to King Kalākaua and later secretary to Queen Liliʻuokalani, notes: "On arriving at New York on our way home from the
816:(1905–1969). His descendants which continues through his daughter Kapiʻolani are recognized by factions of the Hawaiian community as heirs to the Hawaiian throne.
545:, a constitutionally-created advisory body purposed to advise and consent to acts made by the monarch. Kawānanakoa was also created Knight Grand Cross of the
2899:
Prepared under the direction of the Committee on House Administration by the Office of the Historian and the Office of the Clerk, US House of Representatives
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by King Kalākaua along with his mother, brothers and aunt. On February 14, Kawānanakoa served as bearer of the crown and Kūhiō as either the bearer of the
772:
710:
and was the first royal to attend a national presidential nominating convention, where he was successful in gaining affiliation between his party and the
279:
but were never constitutionally proclaimed. He was sent to be educated abroad in the United States and the United Kingdom where he pioneered the sport of
2112:"Pomp and Ceremony, the Church's Stately Office for the Dead, a Forest of Kahilis, Military and Civic Organizations, Combine to Create a great Pageant"
1976:
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765:, with her instructions to have changes made in the wording. Instead, the brothers had the deed executed immediately, without her knowledge.
674:, the private residence of Liliʻuokalani, in mourning. Many Native Hawaiians and royalists followed suit and refused to attend the ceremony.
2545:
593:, who was a commissioner on Thurston's delegation, described Kawānanakoa as "a very pleasant fellow," but, "of course, purely ornamental."
1946:
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459:, Queen Liliʻuokalani outlined the succession to include Kaʻiulani followed by Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō and their legitimate heirs.
143:
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on March 11 as special commissioner to investigate the overthrow. Neumann, Macfarlane and Kawānanakoa returned on April 7.
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1542:. Honolulu: Ka Huli Ao Center for Excellence in Native Hawaiian Law, William S. Richardson School of Law. Archived from
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While attending school in San Mateo, Kawānanakoa and his two brothers would travel south to the Pacific seashore at
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Hawkins, Richard A. (2003). "Princess Abigail Kawananakoa: the Forgotten Territorial Native Hawaiian Leader".
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1291:"Kalakaua's Will – Relates Mainly to the Succession – The Entire Private Estate Goes to the Queen Dowager"
756:
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610:
510:
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589:, another of the queen's envoys, to protect the rights of his daughter Princess Kaʻiulani. Annexationist
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2393:
Death Rites and Hawaiian Royalty: Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalākaua Dynasties, 1819–1953
707:
650:
637:
633:
492:
400:(informally adopted) by the childless Kapiʻolani and Kalākaua while the second brother Keliʻiahonui was
229:
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Cleghorn, Thomas A. K.; Cleghorn, Nellie Yarnell Maxwell; Argow, Dorothy; Allen, Katherine B. (1979).
3020:
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biographer or close friend that "of course I never could have married David if Kaʻiulani had lived".
691:
586:
351:
177:
990:
649:, respectively. A month after the rebellion, Kawānanakoa was arrested and jailed at Oahu Prison for
358:, who ruled from 1874 to 1891. Kawānanakoa's father was also King Kalākaua's paternal first cousin.
1008:
938:
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in a party vote at the convention to incorporate Hawaii. He voted to break a tie about inserting a
695:
658:
2842:
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646:
625:
566:
2630:
Mehmed, Ali (1998). "Hoʻohuiʻaina Pala Ka Maiʻa: Remembering Annexation One Hundred Years Ago".
1938:
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283:. After his education abroad, he served as a political advisor to Kalākaua's successor, Queen
134:
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Kawānanakoa converted to Roman Catholicism in 1907, no doubt through the urging of his wife.
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41:
2086:"Death of Prince David Kawananakoa Yesterday: was Heir Presumptive of the Throne of Hawaii"
620:
Kawānanakoa, second from left, Liliuokalani, center, during boycott of annexation ceremony.
606:
561:
336:
214:
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17:
881:"Hawaiian standing kahili in the Bishop museum: An ethnological and biological analysis"
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266:. Born into Hawaiian nobility, Kawānanakoa grew up the royal court of his uncle King
92:
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1208:"Crowned! Kalakaua's Coronation Accomplished: A Large But Unenthusiatic Assemblage!"
537:
Kawānanakoa (left) and Kūhiō (right) with Queen Liliʻuokalani (seated, center), 1891
416:
354:. Kawānanakoa's mother was the youngest sister of Queen Kapiʻolani, consort to King
2810:
472:
371:
328:
304:
191:
2763:
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Nellist, George F., ed. (1925). "Prince David Kawananakoa, Descendants of Kings".
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On August 31, 1891, Queen Liliʻuokalani appointed Kawānanakoa as a member of her
1234:– via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress.
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1140:"Royal Hawaiian: Palace gives glimpse into paradise lost for island monarchy"
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program. The Hawaiian government sent Kawānanakoa and his brothers to attend
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632:. On January 6–9, 1895, supporters of the monarchy launched an unsuccessful
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in 1893. After Hawaii's annexation to the United States, he co-founded the
2148:
History of Later Years of the Hawaiian Monarchy and the Revolution of 1893
2828:
396:
362:
308:
71:
303:
Kawānanakoa was born February 19, 1868, at Kaʻalaʻa at the mouth of the
2318:
The Queen and I: A Story of Dispossessions and Reconnections in Hawaiʻi
2221:
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States to protest the proposed annexation of Hawaii, with her guardian
514:
467:
Kawānanakoa and his brothers were educated at St. Alban's College (now
280:
172:
2731:
2643:
2306:
432:
370:, the last ruler of an independent Kauaʻi before its cession to King
2816:
Aloha Betrayed: Native Hawaiian Resistance to American Colonialism
2765:
The Hawaiian Republic, 1894–98, and its Struggle to Win Annexation
1219:
1189:
771:
681:
615:
532:
320:
796:. His wife was the eldest daughter of Scots-Irish industrialist
733:
for the Territory of Hawaii in 1900. He placed third behind the
628:, Kawānanakoa became a supporter of the Royalist resistance and
75:
1273:
1271:
978:. Vol. VI, no. 23. Honolulu. June 5, 1908. p. 1.
725:
The Democrats nominated Kawānanakoa to run for the position of
2897:
Asian and Pacific Islander Americans in Congress, 1900–2017.
2167:
The Betrayal of Liliuokalani: Last Queen of Hawaii, 1838–1917
915:"Prince Kawananakoa attends Royal Agricultural College 1890"
1876:
1864:
1816:
1078:
972:"Found under: Hala ia Lani Kumakomako o Hawaii Nui a Haho!"
2009:
382:
His name Kawānanakoa translates as "fearless prophecy" in
2068:
2066:
1117:"Prince Kūhiō: Ke Aliʻi Makaʻāinana – The Citizen Prince"
954:
952:
950:
513:. The brothers demonstrated the Hawaiian sport of board
2600:
Princess Kaʻiulani: Hope of a Nation, Heart of a People
1889:
1887:
1885:
991:"Kamehameha Contemporaries: Oahu's Kings Live On Today"
258:(February 19, 1868 – June 2, 1908) was a prince of the
2784:
Turning Tide: The Ebb and Flow of Hawaiian Nationality
2519:
The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalākaua Dynasty
1115:
Ho‘okahua Cultural Vibrancy Group (March 22, 2021).
2906:. Washington, DC: US Government Publishing Office.
1403:. Santa Cruz, Calif: Otter B Books, 2002, p.144-46.
879:Rose, Roger G.; Conant, Sheila; Kjellgren, Eric P.
830:. After an elaborate funeral, he was buried in the
415:or at Kapiʻolani's private residence Pualeilani in
241:
225:
206:
187:
171:
157:
133:
123:
102:
81:
57:
34:
2975:
2638:. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society: 141–154.
2315:
1055:
457:proposed 1893 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom
3091:Prisoners and detainees of the Republic of Hawaii
2768:. Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press.
1214:. Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. February 14, 1883.
698:. Kawānanakoa became one of five founders of the
427:On February 10, 1883, Kawānanakoa was granted by
315:. Kawānanakoa was the first child of his father
2567:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliʻuokalani
3036:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Anglicanism
2396:. S. I.: McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers.
3076:Members of the Hawaiian Kingdom Privy Council
1612:
1445:"Hawaiian royals surf Bridlington – in 1890!"
1244:
1025:
932:
930:
928:
350:Both his parents were linked to the reigning
256:David Laʻamea Kahalepouli Kinoiki Kawānanakoa
163:David Laʻamea Kahalepouli Kinoiki Kawānanakoa
8:
2709:"Kalakaua's Hawaiian Studies Abroad Program"
3031:Burials at the Royal Mausoleum (Mauna ʻAla)
3026:Alumni of the Royal Agricultural University
2216:. Honolulu: The Watumull Foundation: 1–82.
784:in a Roman Catholic ceremony officiated by
657:The Republic of Hawaii was annexed via the
630:opposition to the overthrow of the monarchy
394:At a young age, Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō were
3106:Recipients of the Royal Order of Kapiolani
1696:
1672:
1660:
1624:
1600:
1588:
1576:
1564:
1505:"Kawananakoa, David, Prince office record"
1347:. Honolulu. September 12, 1884. p. 3.
1184:. Honolulu. February 17, 1883. p. 5.
49:
31:
3101:Recipients of the Royal Order of Kalākaua
2974:Webb, Nancy; Webb, Jean Francis (1998) .
2170:. Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark Company.
1740:. Honolulu. February 22, 1895. p. 6.
1708:
1684:
1636:
1536:"Minutes of the Privy Council, 1881–1892"
1401:Lighthouse Point: Illuminating Santa Cruz
1365:. Honolulu. February 21, 1884. p. 3.
1277:
776:Children of David and Abigail Kawānanakoa
686:The Hawaiian Democratic Delegation, 1900.
2672:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
2490:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
2367:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
2045:
2021:
1915:. February 11, 1898. p. 2, col. 1.
1648:
1264:. Honolulu. October 11, 1884. p. 3.
1090:
780:On January 6, 1902, Kawānanakoa married
560:established under pro-annexation leader
2057:
2033:
1758:. Sacramento. March 4, 1895. p. 1.
1262:The Daily Pacific Commercial Advertiser
1164:
871:
843:
718:into the convention platform regarding
2487:Johnny Wilson: First Hawaiian Democrat
2437:. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co.
2418:from the original on December 24, 2019
2151:. Honolulu: Hawaiian Gazette Company.
1997:
1893:
1852:
1828:
1804:
1315:
1226:from the original on December 29, 2017
1015:. Hilo, HI. March 26, 1950. p. 5.
154:
2694:from the original on November 1, 2019
2548:from the original on January 20, 2015
2255:Captive Paradise: A History of Hawaii
2192:from the original on January 13, 2018
1792:
1780:
1768:
1720:
1472:Legendary Surfers Volume 3: The 1930s
1387:
1327:
1102:
958:
921:. London. January 3, 1890. p. 5.
885:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
802:Abigail Kuaihelani Maipinepine Bright
737:victor Robert William Wilcox and the
7:
2932:Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawaiʻi?
2207:"Thomas Alexander Kaulaahi Cleghorn"
1840:
1297:. Honolulu. March 5, 1891. p. 3
989:Taylor, Clarice B. (March 3, 1947).
940:The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders
2978:Kaʻiulani: Crown Princess of Hawaii
2348:from the original on April 12, 2020
2072:
1375:
943:. Honolulu: Honolulu Star Bulletin.
704:1900 Democratic National Convention
311:, on the old homestead of his aunt
3056:Hawaiian insurgents and supporters
2961:from the original on July 22, 2020
2861:from the original on June 26, 2020
2781:Schweizer, Niklaus Rudolf (1999).
2749:from the original on June 27, 2020
2280:from the original on June 13, 2020
2239:from the original on June 27, 2020
1979:from the original on June 19, 2020
1949:from the original on June 14, 2020
1919:from the original on June 20, 2020
1509:state archives digital collections
1443:Museum of British Surfing (2012).
1138:Nollen, Diana (January 22, 2017).
1009:"Kuhio's Royal Lineage Was Direct"
556:on January 17, 1893, and the
498:Kawānanakoa would also attend the
25:
2469:. Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press.
1973:The Pacific Commercial Advertiser
1738:The Pacific Commercial Advertiser
1511:. state of Hawaii. Archived from
1182:The Pacific Commercial Advertiser
782:Abigail Wahiʻikaʻahuʻula Campbell
289:overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
128:Abigail Wahiʻikaʻahuʻula Campbell
3046:Hawaiian Kingdom Roman Catholics
2258:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
1877:US House of Representatives 2018
1865:US House of Representatives 2018
1817:US House of Representatives 2018
1469:Gault-Williams, Malcolm (2012).
1079:US House of Representatives 2018
1056:Pukui, Elbert & Mookini 1974
585:paid for the travel expenses of
558:Provisional Government of Hawaii
245:
3111:Royalty of the Hawaiian Kingdom
2982:. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing.
2880:. Honolulu: The Hawaiian Star.
2716:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2632:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2466:Native Land and Foreign Desires
1418:"Britain's original beach boys"
148:Lydia Liliʻuokalani Kawānanakoa
2324:University of California Press
1907:"Betrothal of Royal Hawaiians"
596:The trio left Honolulu on the
404:by their other maternal aunt
144:Abigail Kapiʻolani Kawānanakoa
1:
2666:; Mookini, Esther T. (1974).
2314:Iaukea, Sydney Lehua (2012).
1734:"'Prince' David Under Arrest"
27:Prince of Hawaiʻi (1868–1908)
1975:. June 28, 1898. p. 3.
891:(3): 273–304. Archived from
814:Princess Lydia Liliʻuokalani
339:. His younger brothers were
2762:Russ, William Adam (1961).
2724:Hawaiian Historical Society
2364:Kauai: The Separate Kingdom
2295:Hawaiian Journal of History
1540:Ka Huli Ao Digital Archives
806:Princess Abigail Kapiʻolani
790:Archbishop of San Francisco
624:After the formation of the
3127:
2937:University of Hawaii Press
2524:University of Hawaii Press
2390:Kam, Ralph Thomas (2017).
2118:. June 23, 1908. p. 3
1359:"Local & General News"
1341:"Local & General News"
700:Democratic Party of Hawaii
690:Following annexation, the
521:to surf on the beaches of
500:Royal Agricultural College
325:Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike
293:Democratic Party of Hawaii
211:Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike
140:David Kalākaua Kawānanakoa
117:Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum
3051:Hawaiian adoptees (hānai)
2929:Van Dyke, Jon M. (2008).
2787:. Berne, NY: Peter Lang.
2522:. Vol. 3. Honolulu:
2514:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson
2361:Joesting, Edward (1988).
2164:Allen, Helena G. (1982).
2143:Alexander, William DeWitt
1475:. Lulu.com. p. 255.
1449:Museum of British Surfing
850:The personal writings of
832:Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii
345:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
341:Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui
317:David Kahalepouli Piʻikoi
192:David Kahalepouli Piʻikoi
162:
153:
48:
39:
18:David Laʻamea Kawānanakoa
2252:Haley, James L. (2014).
1039:"Kekahi Pua Alii i make"
603:Theophilus Harris Davies
583:Archibald Scott Cleghorn
424:was imprisoned in 1895.
3081:Native Hawaiian surfers
2597:Linnea, Sharon (1999).
2461:Kameʻeleihiwa, Lilikalā
786:Patrick William Riordan
591:William Richards Castle
581:to represent her case.
547:Royal Order of Kalākaua
2874:Towse, Edward (1895).
2605:Eerdmans Young Readers
1912:The San Francisco Call
1258:"A Royal Guardianship"
997:. Honolulu. p. 2.
995:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
777:
757:The San Francisco Call
731:United States Congress
687:
621:
611:James Henderson Blount
543:Privy Council of State
538:
485:Saint Matthew's School
481:Hawaiian Youths Abroad
361:His family was of the
3096:Punahou School alumni
3071:ʻIolani School alumni
2821:Duke University Press
2707:Quigg, Agnes (1988).
2669:Place Names of Hawaii
1945:. February 19, 1898.
1939:"Prince David Denies"
1196:on September 5, 2018.
1013:Hawaii Tribune-Herald
810:Prince David Kalākaua
775:
708:Kansas City, Missouri
685:
651:misprision of treason
638:Robert William Wilcox
619:
536:
525:in northern England.
493:San Mateo, California
230:Roman Catholic Church
3066:House of Kawānanakoa
2829:10.2307/j.ctv11smzsz
2603:. Grand Rapids, MI:
2484:Krauss, Bob (1994).
2431:Kamae, Lori (1980).
2214:Oral History Project
2116:The Hawaiian Gazette
2090:The Hawaiian Gazette
2022:Webb & Webb 1998
2010:Cleghorn et al. 1979
1649:Webb & Webb 1998
1212:The Hawaiian Gazette
1146:. Cedar Rapids, Iowa
1119:. Kamehameha Schools
822:Kawānanakoa died of
692:Hawaiian Organic Act
587:Edward C. Macfarlane
573:and President-elect
264:House of Kawānanakoa
2075:, pp. 152–155.
2048:, pp. 369–372.
2036:, pp. 165–166.
2000:, pp. 186–187.
1879:, pp. 114–115.
1867:, pp. 74, 105.
1819:, pp. 104–105.
1807:, pp. 141–144.
1771:, pp. 123–163.
1675:, pp. 620–623.
1663:, pp. 618–620.
1651:, pp. 104–106.
1603:, pp. 609–618.
1591:, pp. 605–610.
1567:, pp. 596–605.
1378:, pp. 126–127.
1280:, pp. 373–374.
1247:, pp. 102–103.
1045:. November 2, 1878.
696:Territory of Hawaii
678:Territory of Hawaii
659:Newlands Resolution
506:from 1890 to 1891.
491:military school in
327:, a noble from the
262:and founder of the
2660:Pukui, Mary Kawena
1752:"Hawaiian Affairs"
1613:Liliʻuokalani 1898
1245:Liliʻuokalani 1898
1043:Ko Hawaii Pae Aina
1026:Kameʻeleihiwa 1992
778:
702:. He attended the
688:
634:counter-revolution
626:Republic of Hawaii
622:
567:Lorrin A. Thurston
552:Liliʻuokalani was
539:
437:His Royal Highness
331:who was later the
3086:Princes of Hawaii
3061:House of Kalākaua
2989:978-1-56647-206-7
2946:978-0-8248-3211-7
2913:978-0-16-094356-0
2794:978-3-906762-00-5
2679:978-0-8248-0524-1
2664:Elbert, Samuel H.
2614:978-0-8028-5088-1
2581:978-0-548-22265-2
2572:Lee & Shepard
2533:978-0-87022-433-1
2497:978-0-8248-1577-6
2444:978-0-914916-44-4
2403:978-1-4766-6846-8
2374:978-0-8248-1162-4
2333:978-0-520-95030-6
2265:978-0-312-60065-5
2177:978-0-87062-144-4
1943:The Hawaiian Star
1723:, pp. 10–11.
1687:, pp. 78–79.
1639:, pp. 76–78.
1515:on March 20, 2012
1482:978-1-300-49071-5
1416:(April 9, 2012).
1105:, pp. 38–39.
961:, pp. 39–44.
895:on March 29, 2012
826:June 2, 1908, in
812:(1904–1953), and
643:governors of Maui
571:Benjamin Harrison
455:On Article 22 of
352:House of Kalākaua
335:of the island of
323:, and his mother
253:
252:
221:
202:
167:
166:
68:February 19, 1868
42:Prince of Hawaiʻi
35:David Kawānanakoa
16:(Redirected from
3118:
3041:Hawaii Democrats
3001:
2981:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2925:
2905:
2889:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2811:Silva, Noenoe K.
2806:
2777:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2713:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2655:
2626:
2593:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2509:
2480:
2456:
2434:The Empty Throne
2427:
2425:
2423:
2386:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2321:
2310:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2160:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1756:The Record-Union
1748:
1742:
1741:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1410:
1404:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:Evening Bulletin
1355:
1349:
1348:
1345:Evening Bulletin
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1295:Evening Bulletin
1287:
1281:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1192:. Archived from
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1005:
999:
998:
986:
980:
979:
976:Kuokoa Home Rula
968:
962:
956:
945:
944:
934:
923:
922:
911:
905:
904:
902:
900:
876:
859:
852:Curtis P. Iaukea
848:
794:Occidental Hotel
712:Democratic Party
694:established the
672:Washington Place
668:Harold M. Sewall
663:joint resolution
575:Grover Cleveland
529:Political career
390:Royal succession
376:Hawaiian Kingdom
343:(1869–1887) and
329:district of Hilo
313:Queen Kapiʻolani
299:Birth and family
260:Hawaiian Kingdom
249:
235:Church of Hawaii
217:
215:Queen Kapiʻolani
198:
155:
112:
110:
88:
67:
65:
53:
32:
21:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2990:
2973:
2964:
2962:
2947:
2928:
2914:
2903:
2892:
2873:
2864:
2862:
2839:
2809:
2795:
2780:
2761:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2711:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2680:
2658:
2629:
2615:
2596:
2582:
2560:
2551:
2549:
2534:
2512:
2498:
2483:
2477:
2459:
2445:
2430:
2421:
2419:
2404:
2389:
2375:
2360:
2351:
2349:
2334:
2313:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2266:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2209:
2204:
2195:
2193:
2178:
2163:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2071:
2064:
2056:
2052:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1969:"Was Not Ready"
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1839:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1815:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1763:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1703:
1697:Kuykendall 1967
1695:
1691:
1683:
1679:
1673:Kuykendall 1967
1671:
1667:
1661:Kuykendall 1967
1659:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1625:Kuykendall 1967
1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1601:Kuykendall 1967
1599:
1595:
1589:Kuykendall 1967
1587:
1583:
1579:, pp. 603.
1577:Kuykendall 1967
1575:
1571:
1565:Kuykendall 1967
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1546:on May 31, 2016
1533:
1532:
1528:
1518:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1483:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1374:
1370:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1276:
1269:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1062:
1054:
1050:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1007:
1006:
1002:
988:
987:
983:
970:
969:
965:
957:
948:
936:
935:
926:
913:
912:
908:
898:
896:
878:
877:
873:
868:
863:
862:
849:
845:
840:
751:
735:Home Rule Party
680:
607:John Mott-Smith
562:Sanford B. Dole
531:
465:
392:
374:who united the
301:
270:and aunt Queen
233:
213:
194:
180:
146:
142:
119:
114:
108:
106:
91:Hotel Stewart,
90:
86:
69:
63:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3124:
3122:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2988:
2971:
2945:
2926:
2912:
2890:
2871:
2837:
2807:
2793:
2778:
2759:
2704:
2678:
2656:
2627:
2613:
2594:
2580:
2558:
2532:
2510:
2496:
2481:
2475:
2457:
2443:
2428:
2402:
2387:
2373:
2358:
2332:
2311:
2290:
2264:
2249:
2202:
2176:
2161:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2103:
2092:. June 5, 1908
2077:
2062:
2060:, p. 166.
2050:
2038:
2026:
2024:, p. 207.
2014:
2002:
1990:
1960:
1930:
1898:
1881:
1869:
1857:
1845:
1843:, p. 316.
1833:
1821:
1809:
1797:
1795:, p. 365.
1785:
1783:, p. 336.
1773:
1761:
1743:
1725:
1713:
1709:Alexander 1896
1701:
1699:, p. 624.
1689:
1685:Alexander 1896
1677:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1637:Alexander 1896
1629:
1627:, p. 617.
1617:
1615:, p. 390.
1605:
1593:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1526:
1496:
1481:
1461:
1435:
1405:
1399:Perry, Frank.
1392:
1390:, p. 205.
1380:
1368:
1350:
1332:
1330:, p. 199.
1320:
1308:
1282:
1278:Schweizer 1999
1267:
1249:
1237:
1199:
1178:"By Authority"
1169:
1167:, p. 165.
1157:
1130:
1107:
1095:
1093:, p. 252.
1083:
1081:, p. 112.
1060:
1048:
1030:
1028:, p. 269.
1018:
1000:
981:
963:
946:
924:
906:
870:
869:
867:
864:
861:
860:
842:
841:
839:
836:
798:James Campbell
763:Carlos A. Long
750:
747:
679:
676:
530:
527:
519:John Wrightson
477:Punahou School
469:ʻIolani School
464:
461:
429:letters patent
413:ʻIolani Palace
391:
388:
333:royal governor
300:
297:
251:
250:
243:
239:
238:
227:
223:
222:
208:
204:
203:
189:
185:
184:
175:
169:
168:
165:
164:
160:
159:
151:
150:
137:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
104:
100:
99:
89:(aged 40)
83:
79:
78:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3123:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2980:
2979:
2972:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2872:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2838:0-8223-8622-4
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2760:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2705:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2562:Liliʻuokalani
2559:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2482:
2478:
2476:0-930897-59-5
2472:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2429:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2359:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2250:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2203:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2046:Van Dyke 2008
2042:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2012:, p. 34.
2011:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1896:, p. 67.
1895:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1858:
1855:, p. 78.
1854:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1831:, p. 75.
1830:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1711:, p. 84.
1710:
1705:
1702:
1698:
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1318:, p. 22.
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1091:Joesting 1988
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1061:
1058:, p. 99.
1057:
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828:San Francisco
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820:
817:
815:
811:
808:(1903–1961),
807:
803:
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791:
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766:
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749:Personal life
748:
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743:Samuel Parker
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641:and Kūhiō as
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435:and style of
434:
431:the title of
430:
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422:Liliʻuokalani
418:
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406:Poʻomaikelani
403:
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348:
347:(1871–1922).
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321:Kauaʻi island
318:
314:
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306:
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285:Liliʻuokalani
282:
278:
273:
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237:(before 1907)
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197:
196:King Kalākaua
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113:June 21, 1908
105:
101:
98:
94:
93:San Francisco
84:
80:
77:
73:
60:
56:
52:
47:
44:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2977:
2963:. Retrieved
2935:. Honolulu:
2931:
2900:
2896:
2876:
2863:. Retrieved
2847:j.ctv11smzsz
2815:
2783:
2764:
2751:. Retrieved
2722:. Honolulu:
2719:
2715:
2696:. Retrieved
2668:
2635:
2631:
2599:
2566:
2550:. Retrieved
2518:
2486:
2465:
2433:
2420:. Retrieved
2392:
2363:
2350:. Retrieved
2322:. Berkeley:
2317:
2298:
2294:
2282:. Retrieved
2254:
2241:. Retrieved
2213:
2194:. Retrieved
2166:
2147:
2135:Bibliography
2120:. Retrieved
2115:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2089:
2080:
2058:Hawkins 2003
2053:
2041:
2034:Hawkins 2003
2029:
2017:
2005:
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1972:
1963:
1951:. Retrieved
1942:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1910:
1901:
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1572:
1560:
1550:November 22,
1548:. Retrieved
1544:the original
1539:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1513:the original
1508:
1499:
1471:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1448:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1421:
1414:Martin, Andy
1408:
1400:
1395:
1383:
1371:
1362:
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1344:
1335:
1323:
1311:
1301:December 21,
1299:. Retrieved
1294:
1285:
1261:
1252:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1211:
1202:
1194:the original
1181:
1172:
1165:Hawkins 2003
1160:
1150:December 21,
1148:. Retrieved
1143:
1133:
1123:December 21,
1121:. Retrieved
1110:
1098:
1086:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
984:
975:
966:
939:
919:The Standard
918:
909:
897:. Retrieved
893:the original
888:
884:
874:
846:
821:
818:
779:
767:
755:
752:
724:
689:
656:
623:
597:
595:
579:Paul Neumann
551:
540:
508:
497:
487:, a private
473:Oahu College
466:
454:
446:
440:
426:
410:
401:
395:
393:
381:
372:Kamehameha I
360:
349:
305:Pauoa Valley
302:
255:
254:
232:(after 1907)
218:
199:
87:(1908-06-02)
85:June 2, 1908
40:
29:
3021:1908 deaths
3016:1868 births
2726:: 170–208.
2698:February 9,
2301:: 163–177.
2222:10524/48595
1998:Linnea 1999
1894:Iaukea 2012
1853:Krauss 1994
1829:Krauss 1994
1805:Mehmed 1998
1454:December 2,
1428:December 2,
1316:Krauss 1994
1230:January 17,
1144:The Gazette
720:free silver
523:Bridlington
504:Cirencester
182:Kawānanakoa
3010:Categories
2922:1019833174
2819:. Durham:
2570:. Boston:
2422:August 21,
2284:October 4,
2196:October 4,
1793:Allen 1982
1781:Haley 2014
1769:Silva 2004
1721:Towse 1895
1388:Quigg 1988
1328:Quigg 1988
1220:sn83025121
1190:sn82015418
1103:Kamae 1980
959:Kamae 1980
866:References
741:nominated
739:Republican
554:overthrown
511:Santa Cruz
368:Kaumualiʻi
287:until the
272:Kapiʻolani
109:1908-06-21
97:California
70:Kaʻalaʻa,
64:1868-02-19
2998:265217757
2955:163812857
2855:191222123
2732:10524/103
2644:10524/358
2542:500374815
2412:966566652
2383:154200817
2342:763161035
2307:10524/354
2274:865158092
1841:Russ 1961
1491:927369905
1422:The Times
824:pneumonia
598:Australia
489:Episcopal
463:Education
450:Kaʻiulani
277:Kaʻiulani
242:Signature
2965:July 22,
2959:Archived
2886:16334257
2865:July 22,
2859:Archived
2813:(2004).
2803:41445703
2774:25026235
2753:July 22,
2744:Archived
2740:60626541
2692:Archived
2652:60626541
2623:36727806
2564:(1898).
2552:July 22,
2546:Archived
2516:(1967).
2506:30398759
2463:(1992).
2416:Archived
2352:July 22,
2346:Archived
2278:Archived
2243:July 22,
2234:Archived
2230:10006035
2190:Archived
2157:11843616
2145:(1896).
2122:June 14,
2096:June 14,
2073:Kam 2017
1983:June 18,
1977:Archived
1953:June 18,
1947:Archived
1923:June 18,
1917:Archived
1534:Hawaii.
1519:June 14,
1424:. London
1376:Kam 2017
1224:Archived
727:delegate
384:Hawaiian
356:Kalākaua
309:Honolulu
268:Kalākaua
226:Religion
178:Kalākaua
72:Honolulu
2688:1042464
2590:2387226
2453:7080687
2186:9576325
856:Jubilee
792:at the
729:to the
515:surfing
417:Waikīkī
337:Hawaiʻi
281:surfing
219:(hānai)
200:(hānai)
2996:
2986:
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2920:
2910:
2884:
2853:
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2835:
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2262:
2228:
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1489:
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1188:
471:) and
441:palaoa
433:Prince
207:Mother
188:Father
124:Spouse
103:Burial
2904:(PDF)
2843:JSTOR
2747:(PDF)
2712:(PDF)
2237:(PDF)
2210:(PDF)
838:Notes
716:plank
647:Kauai
475:(now
402:hānai
397:hānai
363:aliʻi
319:from
307:, in
173:House
158:Names
135:Issue
76:Oʻahu
2994:OCLC
2984:ISBN
2967:2020
2951:OCLC
2941:ISBN
2918:OCLC
2908:ISBN
2882:OCLC
2867:2020
2851:OCLC
2833:ISBN
2799:OCLC
2789:ISBN
2770:OCLC
2755:2020
2736:OCLC
2700:2017
2684:OCLC
2674:ISBN
2648:OCLC
2619:OCLC
2609:ISBN
2586:OCLC
2576:ISBN
2554:2020
2538:OCLC
2528:ISBN
2502:OCLC
2492:ISBN
2471:ISBN
2449:OCLC
2439:ISBN
2424:2018
2408:OCLC
2398:ISBN
2379:OCLC
2369:ISBN
2354:2020
2338:OCLC
2328:ISBN
2286:2016
2270:OCLC
2260:ISBN
2245:2020
2226:OCLC
2198:2016
2182:OCLC
2172:ISBN
2153:OCLC
2124:2010
2098:2010
1985:2020
1955:2020
1925:2020
1552:2016
1521:2010
1487:OCLC
1477:ISBN
1456:2020
1430:2020
1303:2022
1232:2017
1216:LCCN
1186:LCCN
1152:2022
1125:2022
901:2011
800:and
661:, a
645:and
636:led
82:Died
58:Born
2825:doi
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