1606:
51:
1590:
3924:
1252:
1118:
869:
736:
151:
3959:
3637:
3989:
1524:
3899:
2126:
3964:
1633:
3889:
3954:
507:
in 1980. Thouless made many theoretical contributions to the understanding of extended systems of atoms and electrons, and of nucleons. He also worked on
3894:
748:
246:
3939:
3929:
3909:
3773:
487:, and also worked in the physics department from 1958 to 1959, giving a course on atomic physics. He was the first director of studies in physics at
3944:
3914:
1560:
2191:
3630:
1096:
3949:
3758:
783:
Thouless married
Margaret Elizabeth Scrase in 1958 and together they had three children. In 2016, Thouless was reported to be suffering from
744:
1280:
1163:
3934:
2119:
1492:
847:
3969:
1626:
886:
3904:
2135:
484:
297:
3984:
3974:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3623:
1236:
1146:
703:
666:
829:
3979:
1309:
2112:
3691:
2243:
1997:
1619:
1521:
1124:
3919:
917:
3375:
3299:
2326:
1965:
1136:
488:
480:
448:
2401:
1253:"UW Professor Emeritus David J. Thouless wins Nobel Prize in physics for exploring exotic states of matter | UW Today"
367:
234:
222:
40:
3018:
2783:
801:
166:
3687:
3186:
2081:
2066:
1843:
1594:
796:
768:
740:
3656:
3146:
3094:
2942:
1811:
1313:
842:
500:
492:
401:
302:
292:
279:
3802:
3781:
3214:
3202:
3126:
2998:
2560:
2409:
2350:
2076:
1791:
1035:
1007:
476:
456:
452:
216:
128:
3727:
3711:
3230:
3198:
2859:
2675:
2568:
2267:
2139:
2086:
1833:
1422:"Physics of 2D exotic matter wins Nobel: British-born theorists recognized for work on topological phases"
1031:
772:
535:
258:
1187:
560:
3747:
3491:
3307:
3178:
3110:
3022:
2958:
2302:
2092:
2022:
1880:
1643:
1561:"British scientists win Nobel prize in physics for work so baffling it had to be described using bagels"
752:
556:
527:
416:
408:
350:
3884:
3879:
3407:
3339:
2994:
2755:
2627:
2491:
2448:
2389:
2235:
1740:
1437:
1344:
760:
616:
575:
531:
440:
3664:
3443:
3319:
2938:
2815:
2775:
2735:
2479:
2475:
2370:
2287:
2215:
1890:
1750:
1746:
1667:
838:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
3718:
3475:
3267:
3210:
3154:
3142:
3098:
3042:
3034:
2954:
2934:
2071:
2026:
1376:
1284:
1074:
974:
764:
460:
444:
252:
134:
3787:
3603:
3226:
2155:
2038:
1702:
1541:
1500:
1472:
3707:
3431:
3379:
3363:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3271:
3166:
3118:
3114:
3070:
3010:
2986:
2926:
2899:
2767:
2759:
2731:
2544:
2440:
2231:
1941:
1910:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1817:
1805:
1801:
1764:
1716:
1692:
1455:
1368:
1360:
1232:
1207:
1142:
1112:
1002:
996:
863:
756:
717:
709:
699:
680:
672:
662:
634:
591:
523:
515:
508:
420:
1226:
3764:
3567:
3523:
3519:
3182:
3170:
3086:
3078:
2831:
2823:
2787:
2723:
2715:
2667:
2576:
2487:
2417:
2223:
1955:
1756:
1712:
1706:
1663:
1445:
1352:
964:
841:
All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under
624:
583:
374:
335:
3670:
3595:
3587:
3551:
3415:
3395:
3303:
3242:
3134:
3082:
3058:
2974:
2966:
2903:
2875:
2791:
2695:
2507:
2334:
2175:
2163:
2104:
2018:
2001:
1975:
1935:
1900:
1823:
1774:
1736:
1730:
1657:
1528:
1433:
1397:
539:
496:
436:
307:
156:
2711:
2259:
1611:
887:"British trio win Nobel prize in physics 2016 for work on exotic states of matter â live"
1605:
1441:
1348:
833:
620:
579:
530:, he contributed many ideas to the understanding of ordering, including the concept of '
522:, he cleared up the concept of 'rearrangement energy' and derived an expression for the
3741:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3487:
3471:
3463:
3387:
3371:
3347:
3331:
3238:
3218:
3158:
2922:
2799:
2683:
2659:
2611:
2552:
2467:
2397:
2358:
2318:
2283:
2199:
2032:
1839:
1827:
1684:
519:
511:
phenomena, properties of nuclear matter, and excited collective motions within nuclei.
412:
50:
3873:
3599:
3547:
3539:
3515:
3459:
3455:
3435:
3419:
3391:
3323:
3102:
3066:
2950:
2887:
2835:
2771:
2751:
2687:
2647:
2635:
2615:
2584:
2207:
2167:
2046:
1991:
1971:
1849:
1770:
1698:
1380:
978:
435:, Scotland to English parents, Priscilla (Gorton) Thouless, an English teacher, and
228:
587:
3583:
3579:
3535:
3503:
3499:
3351:
3335:
3030:
3002:
2982:
2871:
2851:
2843:
2671:
2592:
2499:
2366:
2275:
2251:
2179:
1987:
1961:
1931:
1927:
1886:
1726:
1688:
161:
1201:
1014:
693:
656:
3676:
3647:
3531:
3447:
3359:
3315:
3275:
3054:
3050:
2970:
2883:
2855:
2655:
2623:
2425:
2183:
2052:
2042:
1981:
1945:
1906:
1894:
1760:
629:
604:
3507:
3423:
3403:
3246:
3194:
2807:
2743:
2699:
2536:
2452:
2342:
2310:
1949:
1722:
1450:
1421:
464:
340:
240:
17:
3615:
1364:
1211:
913:
721:
638:
595:
3698:
2895:
2867:
2703:
1356:
937:
684:
404:
97:
1459:
1372:
969:
952:
1600:
1589:
561:"Ordering, metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems"
2643:
784:
432:
323:
78:
495:
in the United
Kingdom in 1965â1978, and professor of applied science at
1203:
The application of perturbation methods to the theory of nuclear matter
603:
Thouless, D. J.; Kohmoto, M.; Nightingale, M. P.; den Nijs, M. (1982).
504:
324:
The application of perturbation methods to the theory of nuclear matter
1476:
317:
605:"Quantized Hall Conductance in a Two-Dimensional Periodic Potential"
491:, Cambridge, in 1961â1965, professor of mathematical physics at the
1310:"Two former Birmingham scientists awarded Nobel Prize for Physics"
499:
from 1979 to 1980, before becoming a professor of physics at the
713:
676:
3619:
2108:
1615:
439:
a psychologist and broadcaster. David
Thouless was educated at
1335:
Nijs, Marcel den (31 May 2019). "David
Thouless (1934â2019)".
411:
and a laureate of the 2016 Nobel Prize for physics along with
1228:
From Nuclei to Stars: Festschrift in Honor of Gerald E. Brown
1188:
David
Thouless, 84, Dies; Nobel Laureate Cast Light on Matter
383:
514:
Thouless made many important contributions to the theory of
380:
389:
3925:
Members of the United States
National Academy of Sciences
1522:
David J. Thouless Winner of Wolf Prize in
Physics â 1990
1275:
1273:
1164:"Bearsden scientist is awarded Nobel prize in Physics"
953:"David James Thouless. 21 September 1934â6 April 2019"
843:
Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
658:
Topological
Quantum Numbers in Nonrelativistic Physics
392:
957:
Biographical
Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
386:
3772:
3757:
3726:
3706:
3686:
3655:
3256:
2913:
2602:
2380:
2146:
2011:
1920:
1859:
1784:
1677:
1650:
377:
346:
334:
316:
285:
275:
209:
201:
175:
144:
121:
113:
105:
86:
60:
34:
995:
400:; 21 September 1934 â 6 April 2019) was a British
938:"BBC Radio 4 profile: Professor David J Thouless"
850:. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015
787:. He died on 6 April 2019 in Cambridge, aged 84.
1420:Gibney, Elizabeth; Castelvecchi, Davide (2016).
1117:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
868:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1099:. Archived from the original on 15 October 2006
839:
534:'. Other important results relate to localised
1010: ed.). Oxford: A & C Black.
885:Devlin, Hannah; Sample, Ian (4 October 2016).
848:"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies"
423:transitions and topological phases of matter.
3631:
2120:
1627:
1097:"Physicist Thouless to give two talks at Lab"
8:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1304:
1302:
3638:
3624:
3616:
2127:
2113:
2105:
1634:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1531:on the official website of Wolf Foundation
909:
907:
832:. London: royalsociety.org. Archived from
698:(1st ed.). New York: Academic Press.
695:The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems
247:Member of the National Academy of Sciences
152:BerezinskiiâKosterlitzâThouless transition
49:
31:
3960:Academics of the University of Birmingham
1449:
1392:
1390:
990:
988:
968:
737:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1979
628:
568:Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics
3990:Fellows of the American Physical Society
447:and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in
3900:Fellows of Churchill College, Cambridge
813:
3965:British emigrants to the United States
1542:"2018 Stanley Corrsin Award Recipient"
1110:
1026:
1024:
861:
3890:People educated at Winchester College
931:
929:
927:
925:
823:
821:
819:
817:
745:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
1032:"Professor David Thouless 1934â2019"
1497:National Academy of Sciences Online
1138:The international who's who 1991â92
3955:Maxwell Medal and Prize recipients
1206:(PhD thesis). Cornell University.
1162:Sturrock, Laura (5 October 2016).
485:University of California, Berkeley
298:University of California, Berkeley
25:
3895:Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
1559:Knapton, Sarah (4 October 2016).
1398:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016"
751:(1995). Among his awards are the
3940:University of Washington faculty
3930:21st-century American physicists
3910:Fellows of Clare Hall, Cambridge
1588:
407:. He was the winner of the 1990
373:
3945:Wolf Prize in Physics laureates
3915:Alumni of Clare Hall, Cambridge
661:. Singapore: World Scientific.
455:as an undergraduate student of
419:for theoretical discoveries of
191:
3784:(United Kingdom/United States)
3750:(United Kingdom/United States)
3744:(United Kingdom/United States)
3738:(United Kingdom/United States)
3673:(United Kingdom/United States)
1200:Thouless, David James (1958).
1125:Los Alamos National Laboratory
830:"Professor David Thouless FRS"
1:
1141:. Europa Publ. 25 July 1991.
997:"Thouless, Prof. David James"
918:Mathematics Genealogy Project
431:Born on 21 September 1934 in
27:British physicist (1934â2019)
3950:Fellows of the Royal Society
1475:publications indexed by the
1225:Lee, Sabine (8 April 2011).
1015:UK public library membership
951:Leggett, Anthony J. (2022).
749:National Academy of Sciences
481:Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
3935:American nuclear physicists
1190:New York Times, 2019-04-22.
235:Fritz London Memorial Prize
223:Fellow of the Royal Society
167:Topological quantum numbers
4006:
3970:Nobel laureates in Physics
802:Single-electron transistor
630:10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.405
559:; Thouless, D. J. (1973).
467:was his doctoral advisor.
3905:Cornell University alumni
3797:
2062:
1451:10.1038/nature.2016.20722
1283:. aip.org. Archived from
1241:– via Google Books.
1151:– via Google Books.
1075:"David J. Thouless Facts"
1006:. Vol. 2016 (online
769:American Physical Society
747:, and a member of the US
741:American Physical Society
588:10.1088/0022-3719/6/7/010
550:Selected papers include:
459:. He obtained his PhD at
357:
268:
181:Margaret Elizabeth Scrase
48:
3985:Scottish Nobel laureates
3975:American Nobel laureates
1479:bibliographic database.
1314:University of Birmingham
755:for Physics (1990), the
743:(1986), a Fellow of the
692:Thouless, D. J. (1961).
655:Thouless, D. J. (1998).
501:University of Washington
493:University of Birmingham
303:University of Birmingham
293:University of Washington
280:Condensed matter physics
3980:British Nobel laureates
1792:Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
1481:(subscription required)
1357:10.1126/science.aax9125
1036:Trinity Hall, Cambridge
1008:Oxford University Press
735:Thouless was elected a
609:Physical Review Letters
526:of deformed nuclei. In
477:postdoctoral researcher
457:Trinity Hall, Cambridge
453:University of Cambridge
217:Maxwell Medal and Prize
129:University of Cambridge
3803:Nobel Prize recipients
3759:Physiology or Medicine
2140:Nobel Prize in Physics
1527:5 October 2016 at the
970:10.1098/rsbm.2021.0049
875:
797:Hofstadter's butterfly
773:Nobel Prize in Physics
259:Nobel Prize in Physics
55:David Thouless in 1995
3748:J. Michael Kosterlitz
2023:Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
1644:Wolf Prize in Physics
528:statistical mechanics
417:J. Michael Kosterlitz
351:J. Michael Kosterlitz
3920:People from Bearsden
1812:Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
1597:at Wikimedia Commons
1231:. World Scientific.
1168:Kirkintilloch Herald
836:on 17 November 2015.
761:Institute of Physics
532:topological ordering
413:F. Duncan M. Haldane
364:David James Thouless
65:David James Thouless
3665:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
1751:Albert J. Libchaber
1747:Mitchell Feigenbaum
1668:Giuseppe Occhialini
1442:2016Natur.538...18G
1349:2019Sci...364..835D
621:1982PhRvL..49..405T
580:1973JPhC....6.1181K
471:Career and research
3719:Juan Manuel Santos
2027:Allan H. MacDonald
1998:Charles H. Bennett
1976:Robert P. Kirshner
1966:Juan Ignacio Cirac
1603:on Nobelprize.org
1503:on 10 October 2016
1257:www.washington.edu
765:Lars Onsager Prize
739:, a Fellow of the
731:Awards and honours
516:many-body problems
461:Cornell University
445:Winchester College
253:Lars Onsager Prize
135:Cornell University
3867:
3866:
3774:Economic Sciences
3736:David J. Thouless
3613:
3612:
2102:
2101:
1942:Maximilian Haider
1877:Bertrand Halperin
1871:Masatoshi Koshiba
1867:Raymond Davis Jr.
1818:BenoĂźt Mandelbrot
1806:Valentine Telegdi
1802:Maurice Goldhaber
1796:David J. Thouless
1765:Riccardo Giacconi
1741:Philippe NoziĂšres
1717:Martin Lewis Perl
1703:Gerardus 't Hooft
1693:Kenneth G. Wilson
1642:Laureates of the
1601:David J. Thouless
1593:Media related to
1473:David J. Thouless
1287:on 5 October 2016
1077:. Nobel Prize.org
1013:(Subscription or
914:David J. Thouless
557:Kosterlitz, J. M.
524:moment of inertia
509:superconductivity
489:Churchill College
441:St Faith's School
421:topological phase
361:
360:
270:Scientific career
75:21 September 1934
36:David J. Thouless
16:(Redirected from
3997:
3805:
3765:Yoshinori Ohsumi
3640:
3633:
3626:
3617:
3606:
3590:
3574:
3558:
3542:
3526:
3510:
3494:
3478:
3466:
3450:
3438:
3426:
3410:
3398:
3382:
3366:
3354:
3342:
3326:
3310:
3294:
3278:
3249:
3233:
3221:
3205:
3189:
3173:
3161:
3149:
3137:
3129:
3121:
3105:
3089:
3073:
3061:
3045:
3037:
3025:
3013:
3005:
2989:
2977:
2961:
2945:
2929:
2906:
2890:
2878:
2862:
2846:
2838:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2778:
2762:
2746:
2738:
2726:
2718:
2706:
2690:
2678:
2662:
2650:
2638:
2630:
2618:
2595:
2587:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2482:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2455:
2443:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2392:
2373:
2361:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2296:
2290:
2278:
2270:
2268:Kamerlingh Onnes
2262:
2254:
2246:
2238:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2170:
2158:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2106:
1972:James D. Bjorken
1956:Jacob Bekenstein
1891:François Englert
1757:Herbert Friedman
1713:Leon M. Lederman
1707:Victor Weisskopf
1664:George Uhlenbeck
1636:
1629:
1622:
1613:
1608:
1592:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1538:
1532:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1499:. Archived from
1493:"David Thouless"
1489:
1483:
1482:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1453:
1432:(7623). London:
1417:
1406:
1405:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1316:. 4 October 2016
1306:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1281:"David Thouless"
1277:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1071:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1028:
1019:
1018:
1011:
999:
992:
983:
982:
972:
948:
942:
941:
933:
920:
911:
902:
901:
899:
897:
882:
876:
873:
867:
859:
857:
855:
837:
825:
771:(2000), and the
757:Paul Dirac Medal
725:
688:
642:
632:
599:
574:(7): 1181â1203.
565:
449:Natural Sciences
402:condensed-matter
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
370:
347:Notable students
336:Doctoral advisor
330:
195:
193:
93:
74:
72:
53:
43:
32:
21:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3801:
3793:
3788:Bengt Holmström
3768:
3753:
3722:
3702:
3701:(United States)
3682:
3671:Fraser Stoddart
3651:
3644:
3614:
3609:
3593:
3577:
3561:
3545:
3529:
3513:
3497:
3481:
3469:
3453:
3441:
3429:
3413:
3401:
3385:
3369:
3357:
3345:
3329:
3313:
3297:
3281:
3265:
3258:
3252:
3236:
3224:
3208:
3199:Cohen-Tannoudji
3192:
3176:
3164:
3152:
3140:
3132:
3124:
3108:
3092:
3076:
3064:
3048:
3040:
3028:
3016:
3008:
2992:
2980:
2964:
2948:
2932:
2920:
2909:
2893:
2881:
2865:
2849:
2841:
2829:
2821:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2781:
2765:
2749:
2741:
2729:
2721:
2709:
2693:
2681:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2633:
2621:
2609:
2598:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2542:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2505:
2497:
2485:
2473:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2446:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2395:
2387:
2376:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2229:
2221:
2213:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2173:
2161:
2153:
2142:
2133:
2103:
2098:
2058:
2039:Anne L'Huillier
2019:Rafi Bistritzer
2007:
2002:Gilles Brassard
1936:Anton Zeilinger
1928:John F. Clauser
1916:
1901:Daniel Kleppner
1881:Anthony Leggett
1855:
1824:Vitaly Ginzburg
1780:
1775:Stephen Hawking
1737:Conyers Herring
1731:Theodore Maiman
1673:
1658:Chien-Shiung Wu
1646:
1640:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1529:Wayback Machine
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1434:Springer Nature
1419:
1418:
1409:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1308:
1307:
1300:
1290:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1170:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1149:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1109:
1102:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1072:
1051:
1041:
1039:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1012:
994:
993:
986:
950:
949:
945:
935:
934:
923:
912:
905:
895:
893:
884:
883:
879:
860:
853:
851:
846:
827:
826:
815:
810:
793:
781:
733:
728:
706:
691:
669:
654:
650:
645:
602:
563:
555:
548:
546:Academic papers
536:electron states
497:Yale University
475:Thouless was a
473:
437:Robert Thouless
429:
376:
372:
366:
328:
312:
308:Yale University
264:
197:
194: 1958)
189:
185:
182:
171:
157:Thouless energy
140:
122:Alma mater
101:
95:
91:
82:
76:
70:
68:
67:
66:
56:
44:
39:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4003:
4001:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3872:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3785:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3745:
3742:Duncan Haldane
3739:
3732:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3704:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3674:
3668:
3661:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3620:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3591:
3575:
3559:
3543:
3527:
3511:
3495:
3479:
3467:
3451:
3439:
3427:
3411:
3399:
3383:
3367:
3355:
3343:
3327:
3311:
3295:
3279:
3262:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3234:
3222:
3206:
3190:
3174:
3162:
3150:
3138:
3130:
3122:
3106:
3090:
3074:
3062:
3046:
3038:
3026:
3014:
3006:
2990:
2978:
2962:
2946:
2935:P. W. Anderson
2930:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2891:
2879:
2863:
2847:
2839:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2779:
2763:
2756:Goeppert Mayer
2747:
2739:
2727:
2719:
2707:
2691:
2679:
2663:
2651:
2639:
2631:
2619:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2503:
2495:
2483:
2480:C. D. Anderson
2471:
2463:
2456:
2444:
2436:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2393:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2291:
2279:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2171:
2159:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2036:
2033:Giorgio Parisi
2030:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1995:
1985:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1953:
1939:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1911:Peter GrĂŒnberg
1904:
1898:
1884:
1874:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1847:
1840:Yakir Aharonov
1837:
1831:
1828:Yoichiro Nambu
1821:
1815:
1809:
1799:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1768:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1720:
1710:
1696:
1685:Michael Fisher
1681:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1661:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1598:
1595:David Thouless
1584:
1583:External links
1581:
1578:
1577:
1551:
1533:
1514:
1484:
1465:
1407:
1402:NobelPrize.org
1386:
1327:
1298:
1269:
1244:
1237:
1217:
1192:
1180:
1154:
1147:
1128:
1088:
1049:
1038:. 6 April 2019
1020:
984:
943:
940:. London: BBC.
921:
903:
877:
812:
811:
809:
806:
805:
804:
799:
792:
789:
780:
777:
732:
729:
727:
726:
704:
689:
667:
651:
649:
646:
644:
643:
615:(6): 405â408.
600:
552:
547:
544:
538:in disordered
472:
469:
428:
425:
359:
358:
355:
354:
348:
344:
343:
338:
332:
331:
320:
314:
313:
311:
310:
305:
300:
295:
289:
287:
283:
282:
277:
273:
272:
266:
265:
263:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
220:
213:
211:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
187:
183:
180:
179:
177:
173:
172:
170:
169:
164:
159:
154:
148:
146:
145:Known for
142:
141:
139:
138:
132:
125:
123:
119:
118:
117:United Kingdom
115:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
96:
94:(aged 84)
88:
84:
83:
77:
64:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
38:
35:
26:
24:
18:David Thouless
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4002:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3766:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3679:(Netherlands)
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3641:
3636:
3634:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3255:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3223:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3188:
3187:R. Richardson
3184:
3180:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3128:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3044:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3019:Chandrasekhar
3015:
3012:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2880:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2820:
2817:
2812:
2809:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2780:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2745:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2728:
2725:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2589:
2586:
2581:
2578:
2573:
2570:
2565:
2562:
2557:
2554:
2549:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2493:
2492:G. P. Thomson
2489:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2445:
2442:
2437:
2430:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2410:O. Richardson
2406:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2292:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2277:
2272:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2256:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2244:Van der Waals
2240:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2225:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2208:J. J. Thomson
2204:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2157:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2047:Ferenc Krausz
2044:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1992:Didier Queloz
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1850:Dan Shechtman
1848:
1845:
1844:Michael Berry
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1772:
1771:Roger Penrose
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:Freeman Dyson
1697:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1566:
1565:The Telegraph
1562:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:(6443): 835.
1342:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1240:
1238:9789814329880
1234:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1181:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1148:9780946653706
1144:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1009:
1005:
1004:
998:
991:
989:
985:
980:
976:
971:
966:
962:
958:
954:
947:
944:
939:
936:Anon (2016).
932:
930:
928:
926:
922:
919:
915:
910:
908:
904:
892:
888:
881:
878:
874:
871:
865:
849:
844:
835:
831:
828:Anon (1979).
824:
822:
820:
818:
814:
807:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
790:
788:
786:
779:Personal life
778:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
730:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
705:9780486493572
701:
697:
696:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
668:981-02-2900-3
664:
660:
659:
653:
652:
647:
640:
636:
631:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
562:
558:
554:
553:
551:
545:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
520:atomic nuclei
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
470:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
403:
397:
369:
365:
356:
352:
349:
345:
342:
339:
337:
333:
326:
325:
321:
319:
315:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
288:
284:
281:
278:
274:
271:
267:
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
233:
230:
229:Holweck Prize
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
178:
174:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
149:
147:
143:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
99:
89:
85:
80:
63:
59:
52:
47:
42:
33:
30:
19:
3833:
3735:
3483:
3043:von Klitzing
3035:Van der Meer
2091:
1988:Michel Mayor
1962:Peter Zoller
1932:Alain Aspect
1887:Robert Brout
1834:John Wheeler
1795:
1727:Peter Hirsch
1689:Leo Kadanoff
1570:24 September
1568:. Retrieved
1564:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1517:
1505:. Retrieved
1501:the original
1496:
1487:
1468:
1429:
1425:
1401:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1318:. Retrieved
1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1247:
1227:
1220:
1202:
1195:
1183:
1171:. Retrieved
1167:
1157:
1137:
1131:
1101:. Retrieved
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1040:. Retrieved
1001:
960:
956:
946:
894:. Retrieved
891:The Guardian
890:
880:
852:. Retrieved
840:
834:the original
782:
763:(1993), the
734:
694:
657:
612:
608:
571:
567:
549:
513:
474:
430:
363:
362:
322:
286:Institutions
269:
162:KTHNY theory
92:(2019-04-06)
90:6 April 2019
29:
3885:2019 deaths
3880:1934 births
3782:Oliver Hart
3677:Ben Feringa
3648:Nobel Prize
3087:Steinberger
3003:K. Siegbahn
2995:Bloembergen
2716:Chamberlain
2449:Schrödinger
2359:M. Siegbahn
2288:W. H. Bragg
2284:W. L. Bragg
2082:Mathematics
2067:Agriculture
2053:Martin Rees
2043:Paul Corkum
1982:Yoseph Imry
1946:Harald Rose
1907:Albert Fert
1895:Peter Higgs
1761:Bruno Rossi
1546:www.aps.org
963:: 337â358.
114:Citizenship
106:Nationality
3874:Categories
3721:(Colombia)
3688:Literature
3604:L'Huillier
3568:Hasselmann
3524:Strickland
3492:Kosterlitz
3416:Perlmutter
3155:Brockhouse
2860:Schrieffer
2732:Hofstadter
2684:C. N. Yang
2441:Heisenberg
2418:De Broglie
1950:Knut Urban
1723:Erwin Hahn
1291:10 October
1081:13 October
1017:required.)
808:References
753:Wolf Prize
465:Hans Bethe
409:Wolf Prize
341:Hans Bethe
241:Wolf Prize
81:, Scotland
71:1934-09-21
3790:(Finland)
3699:Bob Dylan
3657:Chemistry
3650:laureates
3588:Zeilinger
3408:Novoselov
3376:Kobayashi
3300:Abrikosov
3147:J. Taylor
3127:de Gennes
3119:R. Taylor
3011:K. Wilson
2959:R. Wilson
2943:Van Vleck
2914:1976â2000
2904:Rainwater
2900:Mottelson
2876:Josephson
2824:Gell-Mann
2788:Schwinger
2776:Prokhorov
2736:Mössbauer
2696:Cherenkov
2688:T. D. Lee
2612:Cockcroft
2603:1951â1975
2402:C. Wilson
2381:1926â1950
2327:Guillaume
2216:Michelson
2176:Becquerel
2147:1901â1925
2136:Laureates
2077:Chemistry
1913:(2006â07)
1883:(2002â03)
1836:(1996â97)
1830:(1994â95)
1743:(1984â85)
1733:(1983â84)
1507:9 October
1381:206668153
1365:0036-8075
1320:4 October
1212:745509629
1173:6 October
1103:4 October
1003:Who's Who
979:247191023
896:4 October
722:901492152
639:0031-9007
596:0022-3719
451:from the
427:Education
405:physicist
353:(postdoc)
100:, England
98:Cambridge
3667:(France)
3596:Agostini
3484:Thouless
3476:McDonald
3464:Nakamura
3432:Wineland
3364:GrĂŒnberg
3320:Politzer
3304:Ginzburg
3292:Giacconi
3272:Ketterle
3227:'t Hooft
3211:Laughlin
3203:Phillips
3183:Osheroff
3111:Friedman
3083:Schwartz
3079:Lederman
2999:Schawlow
2975:Weinberg
2784:Tomonaga
2676:Brattain
2668:Shockley
2577:Blackett
2569:Appleton
2561:Bridgman
2508:Lawrence
2488:Davisson
2468:Chadwick
2351:Millikan
2335:Einstein
2224:Lippmann
2192:Rayleigh
2184:M. Curie
2180:P. Curie
2087:Medicine
1525:Archived
1460:27708331
1373:31147511
1113:cite web
864:cite web
791:See also
785:dementia
775:(2016).
714:61012282
685:38431218
677:98009819
540:lattices
463:, where
433:Bearsden
202:Children
79:Bearsden
3767:(Japan)
3728:Physics
3584:Clauser
3548:Penrose
3532:Peebles
3488:Haldane
3456:Akasaki
3444:Englert
3436:Haroche
3420:Schmidt
3380:Maskawa
3332:Glauber
3324:Wilczek
3308:Leggett
3288:Koshiba
3268:Cornell
3259:present
3243:Kroemer
3239:Alferov
3231:Veltman
3215:Störmer
3135:Charpak
3115:Kendall
3099:Dehmelt
3067:Bednorz
2967:Glashow
2955:Penzias
2951:Kapitsa
2923:Richter
2896:A. Bohr
2872:Giaever
2852:Bardeen
2816:Alvarez
2800:Kastler
2792:Feynman
2672:Bardeen
2636:Zernike
2628:Purcell
2398:Compton
2343:N. Bohr
2232:Marconi
2164:Lorentz
2156:Röntgen
2138:of the
2093:Physics
1438:Bibcode
1345:Bibcode
1337:Science
1262:7 April
1042:8 April
916:at the
854:9 March
767:of the
759:of the
617:Bibcode
576:Bibcode
505:Seattle
196:
188:
184:
109:British
3600:Krausz
3594:2023:
3580:Aspect
3578:2022:
3572:Manabe
3564:Parisi
3562:2021:
3552:Genzel
3546:2020:
3540:Queloz
3530:2019:
3520:Mourou
3516:Ashkin
3514:2018:
3508:Thorne
3504:Barish
3498:2017:
3482:2016:
3472:Kajita
3470:2015:
3454:2014:
3442:2013:
3430:2012:
3414:2011:
3402:2010:
3386:2009:
3370:2008:
3358:2007:
3348:Mather
3346:2006:
3340:HĂ€nsch
3330:2005:
3314:2004:
3298:2003:
3282:2002:
3276:Wieman
3266:2001:
3237:2000:
3225:1999:
3209:1998:
3193:1997:
3179:D. Lee
3177:1996:
3171:Reines
3165:1995:
3153:1994:
3141:1993:
3133:1992:
3125:1991:
3109:1990:
3095:Ramsey
3093:1989:
3077:1988:
3071:MĂŒller
3065:1987:
3059:Rohrer
3055:Binnig
3049:1986:
3041:1985:
3031:Rubbia
3029:1984:
3023:Fowler
3017:1983:
3009:1982:
2993:1981:
2983:Cronin
2981:1980:
2965:1979:
2949:1978:
2933:1977:
2921:1976:
2894:1975:
2888:Hewish
2882:1974:
2866:1973:
2856:Cooper
2850:1972:
2842:1971:
2832:Alfvén
2830:1970:
2822:1969:
2814:1968:
2806:1967:
2798:1966:
2782:1965:
2768:Townes
2766:1964:
2760:Jensen
2752:Wigner
2750:1963:
2744:Landau
2742:1962:
2730:1961:
2724:Glaser
2722:1960:
2710:1959:
2694:1958:
2682:1957:
2666:1956:
2654:1955:
2642:1954:
2634:1953:
2622:1952:
2616:Walton
2610:1951:
2593:Powell
2591:1950:
2585:Yukawa
2583:1949:
2575:1948:
2567:1947:
2559:1946:
2551:1945:
2543:1944:
2535:1943:
2506:1939:
2498:1938:
2486:1937:
2474:1936:
2466:1935:
2447:1933:
2439:1932:
2424:1930:
2416:1929:
2408:1928:
2396:1927:
2390:Perrin
2388:1926:
2367:Franck
2365:1925:
2357:1924:
2349:1923:
2341:1922:
2333:1921:
2325:1920:
2317:1919:
2311:Planck
2309:1918:
2303:Barkla
2301:1917:
2282:1915:
2274:1914:
2266:1913:
2258:1912:
2250:1911:
2242:1910:
2230:1909:
2222:1908:
2214:1907:
2206:1906:
2200:Lenard
2198:1905:
2190:1904:
2174:1903:
2168:Zeeman
2162:1902:
2154:1901:
2055:(2024)
2049:(2022)
2035:(2021)
2029:(2020)
2004:(2018)
1994:(2017)
1984:(2016)
1978:(2015)
1968:(2013)
1958:(2012)
1952:(2011)
1938:(2010)
1903:(2005)
1897:(2004)
1873:(2000)
1852:(1999)
1846:(1998)
1820:(1993)
1814:(1992)
1808:(1991)
1798:(1990)
1777:(1988)
1767:(1987)
1753:(1986)
1719:(1982)
1709:(1981)
1695:(1980)
1670:(1979)
1660:(1978)
1477:Scopus
1458:
1436:: 18.
1426:Nature
1379:
1371:
1363:
1235:
1210:
1145:
977:
720:
712:
702:
683:
675:
665:
637:
594:
518:. For
329:(1958)
327:
318:Thesis
276:Fields
261:(2016)
255:(2000)
249:(1995)
243:(1990)
237:(1984)
231:(1980)
225:(1979)
219:(1973)
210:Awards
176:Spouse
3834:2016
3708:Peace
3646:2016
3536:Mayor
3500:Weiss
3460:Amano
3448:Higgs
3424:Riess
3396:Smith
3392:Boyle
3372:Nambu
3352:Smoot
3316:Gross
3284:Davis
3257:2001â
3247:Kilby
3159:Shull
3143:Hulse
3051:Ruska
2987:Fitch
2971:Salam
2868:Esaki
2844:Gabor
2808:Bethe
2772:Basov
2712:SegrĂš
2700:Frank
2660:Kusch
2648:Bothe
2624:Bloch
2553:Pauli
2537:Stern
2500:Fermi
2453:Dirac
2426:Raman
2371:Hertz
2319:Stark
2260:Dalén
2236:Braun
2012:2020s
1921:2010s
1860:2000s
1785:1990s
1678:1980s
1651:1970s
1377:S2CID
975:S2CID
648:Books
564:(PDF)
443:then
205:Three
190:(
186:
137:(PhD)
3859:2021
3854:2020
3849:2019
3844:2018
3839:2017
3829:2015
3824:2014
3819:2013
3814:2012
3809:2011
3712:2016
3692:2016
3556:Ghez
3404:Geim
3360:Fert
3336:Hall
3219:Tsui
3167:Perl
3103:Paul
2939:Mott
2927:Ting
2884:Ryle
2836:NĂ©el
2704:Tamm
2656:Lamb
2644:Born
2545:Rabi
2529:1942
2522:1941
2515:1940
2476:Hess
2460:1934
2433:1931
2295:1916
2276:Laue
2252:Wien
2072:Arts
1572:2017
1509:2016
1456:PMID
1369:PMID
1361:ISSN
1322:2016
1293:2016
1264:2017
1233:ISBN
1208:OCLC
1175:2016
1143:ISBN
1119:link
1105:2016
1083:2020
1044:2019
898:2016
870:link
856:2016
845:." â
718:OCLC
710:LCCN
700:ISBN
681:OCLC
673:LCCN
663:ISBN
635:ISSN
592:ISSN
415:and
131:(BA)
87:Died
61:Born
3388:Kao
3195:Chu
1446:doi
1430:538
1353:doi
1341:364
965:doi
625:doi
584:doi
503:in
479:at
368:FRS
41:FRS
3876::
3602:/
3598:/
3586:/
3582:/
3570:/
3566:/
3554:/
3550:/
3538:/
3534:/
3522:/
3518:/
3506:/
3502:/
3490:/
3486:/
3474:/
3462:/
3458:/
3446:/
3434:/
3422:/
3418:/
3406:/
3394:/
3390:/
3378:/
3374:/
3362:/
3350:/
3338:/
3334:/
3322:/
3318:/
3306:/
3302:/
3290:/
3286:/
3274:/
3270:/
3245:/
3241:/
3229:/
3217:/
3213:/
3201:/
3197:/
3185:/
3181:/
3169:/
3157:/
3145:/
3117:/
3113:/
3101:/
3097:/
3085:/
3081:/
3069:/
3057:/
3053:/
3033:/
3021:/
3001:/
2997:/
2985:/
2973:/
2969:/
2957:/
2953:/
2941:/
2937:/
2925:/
2902:/
2898:/
2886:/
2874:/
2870:/
2858:/
2854:/
2834:/
2790:/
2786:/
2774:/
2770:/
2758:/
2754:/
2734:/
2714:/
2702:/
2698:/
2686:/
2674:/
2670:/
2658:/
2646:/
2626:/
2614:/
2490:/
2478:/
2451:/
2400:/
2369:/
2286:/
2234:/
2182:/
2178:/
2166:/
2045:/
2041:/
2025:/
2021:/
2000:/
1990:/
1974:/
1964:/
1948:/
1944:/
1934:/
1930:/
1909:/
1893:/
1889:/
1879:/
1869:/
1842:/
1826:/
1804:/
1794:/
1773:/
1763:/
1759:/
1749:/
1739:/
1729:/
1725:/
1715:/
1705:/
1701:/
1691:/
1687:/
1666:/
1563:.
1544:.
1495:.
1454:.
1444:.
1428:.
1424:.
1410:^
1400:.
1389:^
1375:.
1367:.
1359:.
1351:.
1339:.
1312:.
1301:^
1272:^
1255:.
1166:.
1123:,
1115:}}
1111:{{
1052:^
1034:.
1023:^
1000:.
987:^
973:.
961:72
959:.
955:.
924:^
906:^
889:.
866:}}
862:{{
816:^
716:.
708:.
679:.
671:.
633:.
623:.
613:49
611:.
607:.
590:.
582:.
570:.
566:.
542:.
483:,
384:aÊ
192:m.
3714:)
3710:(
3694:)
3690:(
3639:e
3632:t
3625:v
2128:e
2121:t
2114:v
1635:e
1628:t
1621:v
1574:.
1548:.
1511:.
1462:.
1448::
1440::
1404:.
1383:.
1355::
1347::
1324:.
1295:.
1266:.
1214:.
1177:.
1121:)
1107:.
1085:.
1046:.
981:.
967::
900:.
872:)
858:.
724:.
687:.
641:.
627::
619::
598:.
586::
578::
572:6
396:/
393:s
390:É
387:l
381:Ξ
378:Ë
375:/
371:(
73:)
69:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.