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952:, who initially supported the Vietnam War. As secretary of state, Acheson had supported the French efforts to control Indochina as the necessary price for French support of NATO, and to contain communism. By 1968, however, his viewpoint had changed. President Johnson asked Acheson to reassess American military policy, and he concluded that military victory was impossible. He advised Johnson to pull out as quickly as possible, to avoid a deepening division inside the Democratic Party. Johnson took Acheson's advice, in terms of de-escalating the war, and deciding not to run for reelection. Acheson distrusted
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877:" and launched several years of organized opposition to Acheson's tenure; Acheson ridiculed his opponents and called this period in his outspoken memoirs "The Attack of the Primitives". Although he maintained his role as a firm anti-communist, he was attacked by various anti-communists for not taking a more active role in attacking communism abroad and domestically, rather than hew to his policy of containment of communist expansion. Both he and Secretary of Defense
749:; he was a primary architect." Acheson often was acting secretary during the secretary's frequent overseas trips, and during this period he cemented a close relationship with President Truman. Acheson devised the policy and wrote Truman's 1947 request to Congress for aid to Greece and Turkey, a speech which stressed the dangers of totalitarianism (but did not name the Soviet Union) and marked the fundamental change in American foreign policy that became known as the
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806:'s takeover, the 1,054-page document argued that American intervention in China was doomed to failure. Although Acheson and Truman had hoped that the study would dispel rumors and conjecture, the documents helped to convince many critics that the administration had indeed failed to check the spread of communism in China.
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fraternity (Phi chapter). At Groton and Yale he had the reputation of a partier and prankster; he was somewhat aloof but still popular with his classmates. Acheson's well-known, reputed arrogance—he disdained the curriculum at Yale because it focused on memorizing subjects already known—was apparent
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policy that helped re-arm Great
Britain and the American/British/Dutch oil embargo that cut off 95 percent of Japanese oil supplies and escalated the crisis with Japan in 1941. Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets merely to disconcert them. He did not intend the flow of oil to Japan to cease. The
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Acheson's speech on
January 12, 1950, before the National Press Club did not mention the Korea Peninsula and Formosa (Taiwan) as part of the all-important "defense perimeter" of the United States, known as the Acheson Line. Since the war in Korea broke out on June 25, just a few months later,
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exceptional intellectual power and purpose, and tough inner fiber. He projected the long lines and aristocratic bearing of the thoroughbred horse, a self-assured grace, an acerbic elegance of mind, and a charm whose chief attraction was perhaps its penetrating candor.... was swift-flowing and
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diplomatic policy, and remained a force beyond
Acheson's tenure as Secretary of State, while Acheson's vituperative description of the cabal's diplomatic efforts as 'sophistries' by Menon and Pearson personally wounded Pearson, who would go on to become Prime Minister of Canada.
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fell ill, Acheson suddenly found himself acting secretary despite his ignorance of finance. Because of his opposition to FDR's plan to deflate the dollar by controlling gold prices (thus creating inflation), he was forced to resign in
November 1933. He resumed his law practice.
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Acheson returned to his private law practice. Although his official governmental career was over, his influence was not. He was ignored by the
Eisenhower administration but headed up Democratic policy groups in the late 1950s. Much of President
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president then departed
Washington for Newfoundland to meet with Churchill. While he was gone Acheson used those frozen assets to deny Japan oil. Upon the president's return, he decided it would appear weak and appeasing to reverse the
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with a "green light" to believe the U.S. would not intervene if they invaded the South. When Soviet archives opened in the 1980s, however, research found that the speech had little if any impact on
Communist decision for war in Korea.
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Acheson's law offices were strategically located a few blocks from the White House and he accomplished much out of office. He became an unofficial advisor to the
Kennedy and Johnson administrations. During the
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889:, who later as president would call on Acheson for advice, ridiculed "Acheson's College of Cowardly Communist Containment". This criticism grew very loud after Acheson refused to "turn his back on
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598:. Acheson clerked for him for two terms from 1919 to 1921. Frankfurter and Brandeis were close associates, and future Supreme Court Justice Frankfurter suggested that Brandeis take on Acheson.
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730:. As late as 1946 Acheson sought détente with the Soviet Union. In 1946, as chairman of a special committee to prepare a plan for the international control of atomic energy, he wrote the
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578:(August 12, 1895 – January 20, 1996). She loved painting and politics and served as a stabilizing influence throughout their enduring marriage; they had three children:
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Acheson explained his opposition to this plan, and described his experience as
Treasury Undersecretary in the chapter "Brief Encounter — With FDR" in his 1965 memoir
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and gain his support for the United States blockade. Acheson so strongly opposed the final decision merely to blockade that he resigned from the executive committee.
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of Canada, who famously observed in 1951 that "the days of easy and automatic relations with the United States are over'. The Menon cabal would frustrate
Acheson's
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Brought back as assistant secretary of state on February 1, 1941, Acheson implemented much of Roosevelt's economic policy of aiding Great Britain and harming the
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873:, China switched from a close friend of the U.S. to a bitter enemy—the two powers were at war in Korea by 1950. Critics blamed Acheson for what they called the "
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as the head delegate from the State Department. At this conference the post-war international economic structure was designed. It was the birthplace of the
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and in Turkey and Iran changed Acheson's thinking. From this point forward, one historian writes, "Acheson was more than 'present at the creation' of the
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467:. He was in private law practice from July 1947 to December 1948. After 1949 Acheson came under political attack from Republicans led by Senator
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526:. He moved to the U.S., eventually becoming Bishop of Connecticut. His mother, Eleanor Gertrude (Gooderham), was a Canadian-born descendant of
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Acheson's advocacy of foreign policy discomfited many traditional American allies, who banded together with India's de facto foreign minister
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Acheson (fifth from right) as Secretary of State at a meeting of the Truman cabinet, August 25, 1950; President Truman is fourth from right
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He retired on January 20, 1953, the last day of the Truman administration, and served on the Yale board of trustees along with Senator
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direct.... Acheson was perceived as an 18th century rationalist ready to apply an irreverent wit to matters public and private.
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1178:, Vol. 57, Law and Conflict: Changing Patterns and Contemporary Challenges (April 25–27, 1963), pp. 9–18. Co-authored by
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critics, especially in South Korea, took Acheson's statements to mean that the United States support for the new
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from 1949 to 1953. He was also Truman's main foreign policy advisor from 1945 to 1947 during early years of the
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Hopkins, Michael F. "President Harry Truman's Secretaries of State: Stettinius, Byrnes, Marshall and Acheson."
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Work on Acheson's Role in Designing the Foreign Policy Stance of the Democratic Party after the 1952 election.
2071:“SHAFR Presidential Address: The Secretary, the Spy, and the Sage Dean Acheson, Alger Hiss, and George Kennan”
1957:
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956:, and supported Richard Nixon for president in 1968. He provided advice to the Nixon administration through
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893:" when the latter was accused of being a Communist spy, and convicted of perjury for denying he was a spy.
885:; Acheson became a byword to some Americans, who tried to equate containment with appeasement. Congressman
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Offner, Arnold A. "'Another Such Victory': President Truman, American Foreign Policy, and the Cold War".
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Hopkins, Michael F. "Dean Acheson, Bretton Woods and the American Role in the International Economy." in
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Fletcher, Luke. "The Collapse of the Western World: Acheson, Nitze, and the NSC 68/Rearmament Decision."
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443:; April 11, 1893 – October 12, 1971) was an American politician and lawyer. As the 51st
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Gregory T. D'Auria, "Present at the rejuvenation: the association of Dean Acheson and Richard Nixon."
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992:, at the age of 78. His body was found slumped over his desk in his study. Acheson was interred in
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During the 1960s, he was a leading member of a bipartisan group of establishment elders known as
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Affection and trust: the personal correspondence of Harry S. Truman and Dean Acheson, 1953-1971
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The First Cold Warrior: Harry Truman, Containment, and the Remaking of Liberal Internationalism
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Irvine H. Anderson, Jr., "The 1941 De Facto Embargo on Oil to Japan: A Bureaucratic Reflex,"
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At 6:00 p.m. on October 12, 1971, Acheson died of a massive stroke, at his farm home in
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A new tradition of bright law students clerking for the U.S. Supreme Court had been begun by
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Annotated bibliography for Dean Acheson from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
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The shaping of foreign policy; the role of the Secretary of State as seen by Dean Acheson
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of Toronto. Like his father, Acheson was a staunch Democrat and opponent of prohibition.
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American Visions of Europe: Franklin D. Roosevelt, George F. Kennan, and Dean G. Acheson
1583:"This US state is not covered by the NATO treaty. Some experts say that needs to change"
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2280:"Strategy, Diplomacy, and the Cold War: the United States, Turkey, and NATO, 1945–1952"
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1088:“Statement on India by Dean Acheson, Acting U. S. Secretary of State, December 3, 1946”
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2113:“Dean Acheson and the 'Special Relationship': The West Point Speech of December 1962”
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government in South Korea would be limited and that the speech provided Stalin and
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Matray, James I. (2002). "Dean Acheson's National Press Club Speech Reexamined".
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Harry Truman's China policy: McCarthyism and the diplomacy of hysteria, 1947-1951
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United States Relations with China with Special Reference to the Period 1944–1949
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Global Perspectives on the Bretton Woods Conference and the Post-War World Order
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The Superlawyers: The Small and Powerful World of the Great Washington Law Firms
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placed the book at No. 47 on its top 100 non-fiction books of the 20th century.
960:, focusing on NATO and on African affairs. He broke with Nixon in 1970 with the
941:, for example, he was dispatched by Kennedy to France to brief French President
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Perlmutter, Oscar William (1961). "Acheson and the Diplomacy of World War II".
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List of international trips made by secretaries of state of the United States
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1815:"Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Dean Gooderham Acheson (1893–1971)"
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Merrill, Dennis. "The Truman Doctrine: Containing Communism and Modernity".
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from 1915 to 1918, however, he was swept away by the intellect of professor
1947:
Resting Places: The Burial Places of 14,000 Famous Persons, by Scott Wilson
514:, was an English-born Canadian (immigrated to Canada in 1881) who became a
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called upon Acheson for advice, bringing him into the executive committee (
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1007:), and two daughters, Jane Acheson Brown and Mary Acheson Bundy, wife of
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2042:. (New York: OUP USA, 2006), 800 pages; a standard scholarly biography.
1240:, No. 7 (Summer 1972), pp. 41–53. Co-authored with Chalmers M. Roberts,
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2158:
Frazier, Robert. "Acheson and the Formulation of the Truman Doctrine".
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574:
On May 15, 1917, while serving in the National Guard, Acheson married
2017:
836:, in what Acheson named at the time and again in his memoirs as the '
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2571:
Dean Gooderham Acheson Papers (MS 1087) at Yale special collections.
1706:
Conflicting Visions: Canada and India in the Cold War World, 1946-76
2663:
Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs
1679:
Canadian Foreign Policy, 1955-1965: Selected Speeches and Documents
1431:
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702:
Acheson sworn into office as Secretary of State, by Chief Justice
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2323:
Acheson and Empire: The British Accent in American Foreign Policy
2293:
Controlling the Waves: Dean Acheson and US Foreign Policy in Asia
2050:"Patterns of Peril: Dean Acheson Joins the Cold Warriors, 1945–46
2456:
Wells, Samuel F. "Dean Acheson Leads The Defense Of Europe." in
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3256:
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1505:"Citation Accompanying Medal for Merit Awarded to Dean Acheson"
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policies came from the position papers drawn up by this group.
718:; he retained this position working under Secretaries of State
2129:
Acheson: The Secretary of State Who Created the American World
2012:
Acheson: The Secretary of State Who Created the American World
1958:"Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, D.C. (Chapel) - Chapel Lot 18"
1587:
917:, one of his sharpest critics. He was elected a Fellow of the
427:
788:, Acheson had the State Department produce a study of recent
418:
1760:
The Worldly Years: The Life of Lester B. Pearson, 1949-1972
1119:, Vol. 3, No. 1 (January 6, 1951), p. 31. Co-authored with
1285:
Shaping the Future: Foreign Policy in an Age of Transition
2179:
The United States and China since 1949: A Troubled Affair
978:
Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department
828:
Menon Cabal and the 'end of easy and automatic relations'
421:
415:
2313:
Dean Acheson and the Creation of an American World Order
710:
Later, in 1945, Harry S. Truman selected Acheson as the
2367:
Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War
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for his memoirs of his tenure in the State Department,
623:, often dealing with international legal issues before
2252:. (1997), 864 pages. – Covers Acheson and colleagues
582:, Jane Acheson Brown and Mary Eleanor Acheson Bundy.
436:
424:
4285:
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
4255:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2643:
Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs
741:
The Soviet Union's attempts at regional hegemony in
690:
Foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration
478:
As a private citizen in 1968 he counseled President
449:
foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration
163:
Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs
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2305:. (New York: Dodd Mead & Co, 1976), 466 pages.
1998:
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2100:Dean Acheson and the Making of U.S. Foreign Policy
1126:“The Development of the International Community.”
1060:“Summary of Attorney General’s Committee Report”.
827:
2405:. (New York: Franklin Watts, 1976), pp. 125–150.
2249:The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made
1393:No. 13 (Winter, 1973-1974), pp. 154-177 at p 162
1115:“Proklamation des Nationalen Notstands in USA”.
780:During the summer of 1949, after the unexpected
4240:Burials at Oak Hill Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)
2548:Among Friends: Personal Letters of Dean Acheson
2546:McLellan, David S., and David C. Acheson, eds.
1295:, Vol. 79, No. 3 (September 1964), pp. 435–436.
1271:, Vol. 33, No. 2 (December 1919), pp. 329–332.
1112:, Vol. 2, No. 39 (September 28, 1950), p. 1240.
601:Throughout his long career, Acheson displayed:
4305:People associated with Covington & Burling
1793:. Oxford University Press. pp. 334, 349.
1389:Townsend Hoopes, "God and John Foster Dulles"
1222:, Vol. 55, No. 10 (October 1969), pp. 919–922.
1075:, Vol. 55, No. 2 (December 1941), pp. 191–192.
619:, Acheson worked at a law firm in Washington,
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3455:
3268:
2742:
2226:(Rowman & Littlefield, 2017). 289 pages.
1485:, Volume 35, Number 2, June 2007, pp. 284–288
1195:, Vol. 44, No. 2 (January 1966), pp. 198–205.
1167:, Vol. 41, No. 2 (January 1963), pp. 247–260.
8:
1481:Randall Bennett Woods, "The Good Shepherd,"
1352:Brennan, Elizabeth A., Clarage, Elizabeth C.
1204:, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Summer 1966), pp. 337–348.
1155:, Vol. 76, No. 1 (November 1962), pp. 14–16.
1105:, Vol. 17, No. 4 (Autumn 1948), pp. 476–477.
734:. At first Acheson was conciliatory towards
175:December 20, 1944 – August 15, 1945
69:January 21, 1949 – January 20, 1953
2390:"Acheson and the Diplomacy of World War II"
1904:"100 Best Nonfiction « Modern Library"
1456:, Vol. 44, No. 2. (May 1975), pp. 201–231.
1143:, Vol. 36, No. 3 (April 1958), pp. 371–382.
1066:, Vol. 27, No. 3 (March 1941), pp. 143–146.
3891:
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2079:, Vol. 27, No. 1 (January 2003), pp. 1–14.
1231:, Vol. 49, No. 4 (July 1971), pp. 593–606.
1216:“Removing the Shadow Cast on the Courts”.
1207:“The Arrogance of International Lawyers”.
1084:, Vol. 1, No. 1 (January 1947), pp. 88–89.
871:Communist victory in the Chinese Civil war
796:, which later was simply called the China
676:, the last of which would evolve into the
42:
31:
27:American politician and lawyer (1893–1971)
2224:Dean Acheson and the Obligations of Power
2087:Dean Acheson: The Cold War Years, 1953–71
1865:Dean Acheson: The Cold War Years, 1953-71
1733:Dean Acheson and the Obligations of Power
1213:, Vol. 2, No. 4 (July 1968), pp. 591–600.
1134:, Vol. 46 (April 24–26, 1952), pp. 18–25.
4320:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
4315:Politicians from Middletown, Connecticut
3284:United States Under Secretaries of State
2315:(Washington: Potomac, 2009), 257 pages.
2303:Dean Acheson: The State Department Years
2199:. (New York: Weybright and Talley, 1971)
1369:Dean Acheson: The State Department Years
971:, with Distinction. In 1970, he won the
900:
782:Democratic victory in the 1948 elections
122:August 16, 1945 – June 30, 1947
2438:The Marshall Plan: Dawn of the Cold War
2369:. (2002) 640 pages. – Highly negative.
1923:
1921:
1845:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1840:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A"
1535:The United States and China since 1949,
1304:
1225:“The Eclipse of the State Department”.
756:On June 30, 1947, Acheson received the
2682:United States Under Secretary of State
2486:Sketches from Life of Men I Have Known
2164:, Vol. 17, No. 2 (1999), pp. 229–251.
1995:
1730:Hopkins, Michael F. (March 17, 2017).
1636:
674:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
110:United States Under Secretary of State
4330:Truman administration cabinet members
2121:, 33#3 (September 1990), pp. 599–608.
1929:"Dean Acheson Dies on His Farm at 78"
1174:American Society of International Law
1130:American Society of International Law
1096:, Vol. 1, No. 2 (April 1947), p. 209.
919:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
2398:, 14#4 (December 1961), pp. 896–911.
2183:Fairleigh Dickinson University Press
2039:Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War
1878:Dean Acheson: a life in the Cold war
1790:Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War
1757:English, John (September 14, 2011).
1652:Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War
1649:Beisner, Robert L. (March 6, 2009).
309:
4300:Military personnel from Connecticut
4220:American people of Canadian descent
2553:Truman, Harry S. and Dean Acheson.
2498:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
2385:, 26#1 (January 1964), pp. 100–123.
2377:"The 'Neo-Realism' of Dean Acheson"
1355:Who's Who of Pulitzer Prize Winners
881:came under attack from men such as
792:. The document known officially as
506:Dean Gooderham Acheson was born in
4335:United States secretaries of state
4325:Pulitzer Prize for History winners
4310:People from Sandy Spring, Maryland
4235:Bretton Woods Conference delegates
4225:American people of English descent
2758:United States Secretaries of State
2420:(1972), major scholarly biography
1976:from the original on March 2, 2022
465:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
25:
4215:American male non-fiction writers
4205:20th-century American politicians
2619:Assistant Secretary of State for
2236:(Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2017).
1176:at Its Annual Meeting (1921–1969)
1137:“The Illusion of Disengagement”.
1132:at Its Annual Meeting (1921–1969)
905:The gravesite of Dean Acheson in
840:'. Members of the cabal included
716:United States Department of State
566:and finished fifth in his class.
522:and later became a bishop of the
510:, on April 11, 1893. His father,
4123:
3510:
3428:
2789:
2709:United States Secretary of State
2216:Journal of Transatlantic Studies
2028:Dictionary of American Biography
2004:
1219:American Bar Association Journal
1063:American Bar Association Journal
471:over Truman's policy toward the
408:
364:
57:United States Secretary of State
2395:The Western Political Quarterly
2161:Journal of Modern Greek Studies
2010:Presentation by James Chace on
1682:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP.
1676:Blanchette (January 15, 1977).
1581:Lendon, Brad (March 30, 2024).
1511:. June 30, 1947. Archived from
1509:The American Presidency Project
1420:The Western Political Quarterly
996:in Georgetown, Washington, DC.
498:), a strategic advisory group.
305:
2347:Presidential Studies Quarterly
1891:Presidential Studies Quarterly
1609:Ko Soo-suk (January 1, 2018).
1198:“The Lawyer’s Path to Peace”.
660:In 1944, Acheson attended the
631:in March 1933. When Secretary
629:Undersecretary of the Treasury
532:Gooderham and Worts Distillery
530:(1790–1881), a founder of the
1:
4290:Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
2472:A Democrat Looks at His Party
2460:(Columbia UP, 2019). 269-303.
2426:Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards.
1703:Touhey, Ryan (May 15, 2015).
1201:The Virginia Quarterly Review
1189:“Europe: Decision or Drift”.
1159:“The Practice of Partnership”
969:Presidential Medal of Freedom
545:(1912–1915), where he joined
518:priest after graduating from
2766:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
2185:, Madison (1994), pp. 27–33
2058:, 20#3 (1996), pp. 321–355.
1736:. Rowman & Littlefield.
1472:(Random House, 2007), p 517.
1263:, by Malcolm H. Lauchheimer”
784:did not quiet the question "
482:to negotiate for peace with
455:. Acheson helped design the
382:United States National Guard
4275:Historians from Connecticut
2479:A Citizen Looks at Congress
2403:Harry Truman's China Policy
2388:Perlmutter, Oscar William.
2375:Perlmutter, Oscar William.
2362:, 23#2 (1999), pp. 127–155.
2334:Journal of Conflict Studies
2288:, 71#4 (1985), pp. 807–825.
2285:Journal of American History
2155:, 40#4 (2016), pp. 750–777.
1655:. Oxford University Press.
1611:"Remember the Acheson Line"
1483:Reviews in American History
1318:Oxford Learner's Dictionary
1292:Political Science Quarterly
1108:“Abwehr von Aggressionen”.
865:The "loss of China" attacks
666:International Monetary Fund
553:, and was a brother of the
4356:
4295:Medal for Merit recipients
4230:American political writers
4017:Constance McLaughlin Green
3508:
2495:Morning and Noon: A Memoir
2401:Purifoy, Lewis McCarroll.
2219:, 6#3 (2008), pp. 290–304.
2208:Cambridge University Press
2026:"Dean Gooderham Acheson."
1234:“How Containment Worked”.
973:Pulitzer Prize for History
687:
648:. Acheson implemented the
473:People's Republic of China
4270:Harvard Law School alumni
4132:
4121:
3911:
3744:Secretary of the Interior
3558:Secretary of the Treasury
3426:
3290:
3241:
2787:
2715:
2706:
2698:
2688:
2679:
2671:
2651:
2631:
2625:International Conferences
2617:
2612:
2607:
2350:, 36#1 (2006), pp. 27–37.
2003:
1546:Lewis McCarroll Purifoy,
1454:Pacific Historical Review
1358:, Greenwood, 1999, p. 290
1261:The Labor Law of Maryland
1099:“The Need and the Lack”.
1019:Acheson was portrayed by
967:In 1964, he received the
732:Acheson–Lilienthal report
625:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
397:
215:
168:
115:
62:
50:
41:
4280:Historians from Maryland
4210:American anti-communists
3775:Secretary of Agriculture
3609:Kenneth Claiborne Royall
2586:August 28, 2006, at the
2371:excerpts and text search
2202:Harper, John Lamberton.
2133:Harvard University Press
1210:The International Lawyer
1170:“The Cuban Quarantine”.
1069:“Mr. Justice Brandeis”.
1042:, Acheson was played by
678:World Trade Organization
662:Bretton Woods Conference
549:Society, was elected to
502:Early life and education
2621:Congressional Relations
2508:Present at the Creation
1819:Office of the Historian
1030:The Missiles of October
1023:in the 1974 television
962:incursion into Cambodia
790:Sino-American relations
760:from President Truman.
694:Origins of the Cold War
621:Covington & Burling
508:Middletown, Connecticut
445:U.S. Secretary of State
242:Middletown, Connecticut
3851:Lewis B. Schwellenbach
2528:Fragments of My Fleece
2525:Acheson, Dean (1971).
2492:Acheson, Dean (1965).
2382:The Review of Politics
2291:McGlothlen, Ronald L.
2118:The Historical Journal
990:Sandy Spring, Maryland
910:
768:
720:Edward Stettinius, Jr.
707:
576:Alice Caroline Stanley
528:William Gooderham, Sr.
512:Edward Campion Acheson
404:Dean Gooderham Acheson
259:Sandy Spring, Maryland
229:Dean Gooderham Acheson
4245:Connecticut Democrats
4081:James MacGregor Burns
4025:Sumner Chilton Powell
3806:Secretary of Commerce
3725:Secretary of the Navy
3529:Edward Stettinius Jr.
3350:Edward Stettinius Jr.
3335:William R. Castle Jr.
1287:, by Robert R. Bowie”
904:
766:
701:
688:Further information:
580:David Campion Acheson
184:Franklin D. Roosevelt
4265:Groton School alumni
4049:William H. Goetzmann
3620:Secretary of Defense
3566:Henry Morgenthau Jr.
2531:. New York: Norton.
2222:Hopkins, Michael F.
2102:. (1993) 271 pages.
2089:. (1992) 429 pages.
2014:, September 16, 1998
1616:Korea JoongAng Daily
1367:David S. McClellan,
1102:The American Scholar
939:Cuban Missile Crisis
897:Later life and death
706:, (January 21, 1949)
488:Cuban Missile Crisis
199:Position established
4340:Yale College alumni
4250:Connecticut lawyers
4089:Carl Neumann Degler
3820:W. Averell Harriman
3603:Robert P. Patterson
3410:Nicholas Katzenbach
3380:Walter Bedell Smith
2311:McMahon, Robert J.
2301:McLellan, David S.
2278:Leffler, Melvyn P.
2258:W. Averell Harriman
2195:Goulden, Joseph C.
2069:Beisner, Robert L.
2048:Beisner, Robert L.
2036:Beisner, Robert L.
1937:. October 13, 1971.
1893:18 (1989): 393-412.
1876:Robert L. Beisner,
1468:Jean Edward Smith,
1343:Beisner, pp. 79, 83
1325:on October 30, 2012
1242:W. Averell Harriman
1172:Proceedings of the
1147:“Felix Frankfurter”
1128:Proceedings of the
1093:Middle East Journal
1081:Middle East Journal
555:Delta Kappa Epsilon
490:of 1962, President
4105:Daniel J. Boorstin
4009:Lawrence H. Gipson
3957:Richard Hofstadter
3933:George Dangerfield
3837:Secretary of Labor
3795:Charles F. Brannan
3758:Julius Albert Krug
3714:Jesse M. Donaldson
3708:Robert E. Hannegan
3694:Postmaster General
3683:James P. McGranery
3640:George C. Marshall
3578:John Wesley Snyder
3541:George C. Marshall
3521:Secretary of State
3385:Herbert Hoover Jr.
2803:1789–present
2800:Secretary of State
2719:John Foster Dulles
2608:Political offices
2446:Stupak, Ronald J.
2365:Offner, Arnold A.
2359:Diplomatic History
2210:(1994), 378 pages.
2152:Diplomatic History
2076:Diplomatic History
2055:Diplomatic History
1934:The New York Times
1863:Douglas Brinkley,
1550:(1976) pp. 125–150
1515:on August 14, 2018
1268:Harvard Law Review
1152:Harvard Law Review
1072:Harvard Law Review
1005:Eleanor D. Acheson
911:
852:of Australia; and
769:
708:
684:Cold War diplomacy
611:Economic diplomacy
560:Harvard Law School
344:Harvard University
102:John Foster Dulles
90:George C. Marshall
4182:
4181:
3866:
3865:
3826:Charles W. Sawyer
3783:Claude R. Wickard
3677:J. Howard McGrath
3437:
3436:
3415:Elliot Richardson
3395:C. Douglas Dillon
3375:David K. E. Bruce
3305:Henry P. Fletcher
3250:
3249:
2725:
2724:
2716:Succeeded by
2689:Succeeded by
2667:
2652:Succeeded by
2647:
2632:Succeeded by
2458:Fearing the Worst
2254:Charles E. Bohlen
2109:Brinkley, Douglas
2096:Brinkley, Douglas
2083:Brinkley, Douglas
2023:
2022:
1966:Oak Hill Cemetery
1906:. Randomhouse.com
1880:(2009) pp 620-41.
1785:Robert L. Beisner
1770:978-0-307-37539-1
1743:978-1-5381-0002-8
1716:978-0-7748-2903-8
1689:978-0-7735-9120-2
1662:978-0-19-975489-2
1036:In the 2000 film
994:Oak Hill Cemetery
943:Charles de Gaulle
931:flexible response
907:Oak Hill Cemetery
854:Lester B. Pearson
633:William H. Woodin
564:Felix Frankfurter
537:Acheson attended
516:Church of England
480:Lyndon B. Johnson
463:, as well as the
401:
400:
270:Oak Hill Cemetery
16:(Redirected from
4347:
4260:Gooderham family
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3981:Leonard D. White
3976:
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3965:George F. Kennan
3960:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3917:R. Carlyle Buley
3893:
3886:
3879:
3870:
3857:Maurice J. Tobin
3814:Henry A. Wallace
3789:Clinton Anderson
3764:Oscar L. Chapman
3657:Attorney General
3646:Robert A. Lovett
3634:Louis A. Johnson
3597:Henry L. Stimson
3589:Secretary of War
3514:
3513:
3501:Alben W. Barkley
3464:
3457:
3450:
3441:
3432:
3420:John N. Irwin II
3390:Christian Herter
3365:Robert A. Lovett
3340:William Phillips
3330:Joseph P. Cotton
3310:William Phillips
3277:
3270:
3263:
3254:
2793:
2792:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2728:
2699:Preceded by
2692:Robert A. Lovett
2672:Preceded by
2658:
2638:
2605:
2600:Internet Archive
2542:
2499:
2341:
2240:Isaacson, Walter
2177:Garson, Robert.
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1321:. Archived from
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1001:David C. Acheson
786:Who Lost China?"
524:Episcopal Church
520:Wycliffe College
439:
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3752:Harold L. Ickes
3738:
3733:James Forrestal
3719:
3702:Frank C. Walker
3688:
3651:
3628:James Forrestal
3614:
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3535:James F. Byrnes
3515:
3511:
3506:
3481:
3478:Harry S. Truman
3468:
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3433:
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3325:J. Reuben Clark
3286:
3281:
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2794:
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2769:1781–1789
2768:
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2755:
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2704:
2702:George Marshall
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2685:
2677:
2657:
2637:
2635:Ernest A. Gross
2628:
2588:Wayback Machine
2567:
2539:
2524:
2517:Acheson, Dean.
2505:Acheson, Dean.
2491:
2484:Acheson, Dean.
2477:Acheson, Dean.
2470:Acheson, Dean.
2467:
2465:Primary sources
2416:Smith, Gaddis.
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2321:McNay, John T.
2173:in Project Muse
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751:Truman Doctrine
728:George Marshall
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3280:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3257:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3239:
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3233:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3199:
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3187:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3153:
3152:
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3141:
3140:
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3129:
3128:
3127:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
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3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
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2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
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2912:
2907:
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2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
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2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2795:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2772:
2770:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2731:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2714:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2687:
2678:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2633:
2630:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2590:
2578:
2573:
2566:
2565:External links
2563:
2562:
2561:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2522:
2519:The Korean War
2515:
2503:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2454:
2444:
2440:(2018) 608pp.
2434:
2424:
2414:
2399:
2386:
2373:
2363:
2354:
2342:
2329:
2319:
2309:
2299:
2289:
2276:
2270:John J. McCloy
2237:
2230:
2220:
2211:
2200:
2193:
2175:
2156:
2147:
2122:
2106:
2093:
2080:
2067:
2046:
2034:
2021:
2020:
2001:
2000:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1949:
1940:
1917:
1895:
1882:
1869:
1856:
1831:
1806:
1799:
1776:
1769:
1749:
1742:
1722:
1715:
1695:
1688:
1668:
1661:
1641:
1629:
1601:
1573:
1552:
1539:
1526:
1496:
1487:
1474:
1461:
1445:
1432:10.2307/445090
1426:(4): 896–911.
1410:
1408:(pp. 161–194).
1395:
1391:Foreign Policy
1382:
1380:Beisner (2006)
1373:
1371:(1976) pp 8–12
1360:
1345:
1336:
1313:"Dean Acheson"
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1280:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1237:Foreign Policy
1232:
1223:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1168:
1156:
1144:
1135:
1124:
1113:
1106:
1097:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1016:
1013:
999:He had a son,
983:Modern Library
915:Robert A. Taft
898:
895:
866:
863:
848:from Britain;
829:
826:
811:
808:
777:
770:
743:Eastern Europe
712:Undersecretary
704:Fred M. Vinson
685:
682:
670:the World Bank
641:
638:
627:appointed him
612:
609:
608:
607:
596:Louis Brandeis
587:
584:
571:
568:
551:Phi Beta Kappa
547:Scroll and Key
503:
500:
399:
398:
395:
394:
389:
385:
384:
379:
378:Branch/service
375:
374:
361:
357:
356:
352:
351:
332:
328:
327:
321:
317:
316:
301:
295:
294:
292:
288:
287:
282:
278:
277:
267:
263:
262:
256:(aged 78)
250:
246:
245:
239:April 11, 1893
228:
226:
222:
221:
217:
216:
213:
212:
207:
201:
200:
197:
191:
190:
181:
177:
176:
166:
165:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
140:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
113:
112:
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
87:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
60:
59:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4352:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
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4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4138:Complete list
4135:
4134:
4131:
4126:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3925:Oscar Handlin
3922:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3894:
3889:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3875:
3874:
3871:
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3809:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
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3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3715:
3712:
3709:
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3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
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3691:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
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3662:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
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3617:
3610:
3607:
3604:
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3598:
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3590:
3586:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
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3542:
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3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3526:
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3499:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
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3479:
3476:
3472:
3465:
3460:
3458:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3431:
3421:
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3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3370:James E. Webb
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Sumner Welles
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3245:
3240:
3232:
3229:
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3217:
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3212:
3208:
3205:
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3200:
3196:
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3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
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3174:
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3159:
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3147:
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3142:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
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3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2950:Frelinghuysen
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2860:E. Livingston
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
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2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:R. Livingston
2774:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2703:
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2666:
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2664:
2656:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2636:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2538:9780393086447
2534:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2502:
2497:
2496:
2490:
2487:
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2473:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2436:Steil, Benn.
2435:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2411:0-531-05386-5
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2266:Robert Lovett
2263:
2262:George Kennan
2259:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2191:0-8386-3610-1
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:0-674-00081-1
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2013:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1800:9780195382488
1796:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1726:
1723:
1718:
1712:
1709:. UBC Press.
1708:
1707:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1672:
1669:
1664:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1642:
1639:, p. 55.
1638:
1637:Matray (2002)
1633:
1630:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1605:
1602:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1574:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1275:available on
1274:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1180:Quincy Wright
1177:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1039:Thirteen Days
1034:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1009:William Bundy
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
986:
984:
980:
979:
974:
970:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
946:
944:
940:
934:
932:
928:
922:
920:
916:
908:
903:
896:
894:
892:
888:
887:Richard Nixon
884:
880:
876:
875:loss of China
872:
864:
862:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
834:Krishna Menon
825:
822:
818:
809:
807:
805:
801:
800:
795:
791:
787:
783:
775:
771:
765:
761:
759:
754:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
736:Joseph Stalin
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
705:
700:
695:
691:
683:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
658:
657:oil embargo.
656:
651:
647:
639:
637:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
610:
604:
603:
602:
599:
597:
593:
592:Supreme Court
585:
583:
581:
577:
570:Personal life
569:
567:
565:
561:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:Groton School
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
501:
499:
497:
493:
489:
486:. During the
485:
484:North Vietnam
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:Marshall Plan
458:
454:
450:
447:, he set the
446:
442:
441:
432:
405:
396:
393:
390:
386:
383:
380:
376:
373:
372:United States
362:
358:
353:
349:
345:
340:
336:
333:
329:
326:
323:3, including
322:
318:
298:
297:Alice Stanley
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
266:Resting place
264:
260:
251:
247:
243:
227:
223:
218:
214:
211:
208:
202:
198:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
172:
167:
164:
159:
156:
153:
147:
144:
141:
135:
132:
129:
125:
119:
114:
111:
106:
103:
100:
94:
91:
88:
82:
79:
76:
72:
66:
61:
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4113:Dumas Malone
4073:Dean Acheson
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4195:1893 births
4033:Irwin Unger
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3906:(1951–1975)
3859:(1948–1953)
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3055:G. Marshall
2825:J. Marshall
2675:Joseph Grew
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1910:December 9,
1519:November 6,
1329:January 22,
1283:“Review of
1259:“Review of
1021:John Dehner
1003:(father of
838:Menon cabal
821:Kim Il Sung
799:White Paper
774:White Paper
646:Axis Powers
615:A lifelong
392:World War I
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143:Joseph Grew
138:Preceded by
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3295:Frank Polk
3045:Stettinius
2713:1949–1953
2686:1945–1947
2629:1944–1945
2614:New office
2543:222 pages.
1980:August 17,
1561:"Excerpts"
1300:References
1044:Len Cariou
891:Alger Hiss
858:Korean War
850:R.G. Casey
810:Korean War
804:Mao Zedong
672:, and the
650:Lend-Lease
558:early. At
360:Allegiance
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4173:2001–2025
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2596:FBI file
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1787:(2009).
1458:in JSTOR
1055:Articles
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655:de facto
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459:and the
453:Cold War
320:Children
3904:History
3471:Cabinet
3226:Blinken
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3060:Acheson
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2875:Webster
2870:Forsyth
2830:Madison
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2840:Monroe
2559:online
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