1388:
960:
923:
711:
1739:, depending on the application. Fixed contacts may be backed up with a spring. Several parallel blades can be operated at the same time by one handle. The parts may be mounted on an insulating base with terminals for wiring, or may be directly bolted to an insulated switch board in a large assembly. Since the electrical contacts are exposed, the switch is used only where people cannot accidentally come in contact with the switch or where the voltage is so low as to not present a hazard.
1542:
810:
1174:
1027:
1134:(ECR) phenomena at interfaces. Switch and relay contacts are usually made of springy metals. When the contacts strike together, their momentum and elasticity act together to cause them to bounce apart one or more times before making steady contact. The result is a rapidly pulsed electric current instead of a clean transition from zero to full current. The effect is usually unimportant in power circuits, but causes problems in some
49:
3995:
884:
4574:
1034:
1569:
417:, limits on the current and voltage they can handle, finite switching time, etc. The ideal switch is often used in circuit analysis as it greatly simplifies the system of equations to be solved, but this can lead to a less accurate solution. Theoretical treatment of the effects of non-ideal properties is required in the design of large networks of switches, as for example used in telephone exchanges.
372:, which are connected to external circuits. Each set of contacts can be in one of two states: either "closed" meaning the contacts are touching and electricity can flow between them, or "open", meaning the contacts are separated and the switch is nonconducting. The mechanism actuating the transition between these two states (open or closed) is usually (there are other types of actions) either an "
1518:
different electrical circuits can be connected to the rotor. The switch is layered to allow the use of multiple poles, each layer is equivalent to one pole. Usually such a switch has a detent mechanism so it "clicks" from one active position to another rather than stalls in an intermediate position. Thus a rotary switch provides greater pole and throw capabilities than simpler switches do.
361:
771:
2765:
1627:
1058:
953:
426:
916:
803:
704:
534:" is the number of separate wiring path choices other than "open" that the switch can adopt for each pole. A single-throw switch has one pair of contacts that can either be closed or open. A double-throw switch has a contact that can be connected to either of two other contacts, a triple-throw has a contact which can be connected to one of three other contacts, etc.
1554:
1506:
2411:
1718:
387:. Automatically operated switches can be used to control the motions of machines, for example, to indicate that a garage door has reached its full open position or that a machine tool is in a position to accept another workpiece. Switches may be operated by process variables such as pressure, temperature, flow, current, voltage, and force, acting as
1096:
465:, for their excellent conductivity and resistance to corrosion. They may be designed to wipe against each other to clean off any contamination. Nonmetallic conductors, such as conductive plastic, are sometimes used. To prevent the formation of insulating oxides, a minimum wetting current may be specified for a given switch design.
1247:. The plasma is of low resistance and is able to sustain power flow, even with the separation distance between the switch contacts steadily increasing. The plasma is also very hot and is capable of eroding the metal surfaces of the switch contacts (the same true for vacuum switches). Electric current arcing causes significant
1607:
contains a toggle mechanism or not. Similarly, a switch where a definitive click is heard, is called a "positive on-off switch". A very common use of this type of switch is to switch lights or other electrical equipment on or off. Multiple toggle switches may be mechanically interlocked to prevent forbidden combinations.
476:
1324:
switch is in the off state, its resistance is extremely high and even less power is dropped in the contacts. However, when the switch is flicked, the resistance must pass through a state where a quarter of the load's rated power (or worse if the load is not purely resistive) is briefly dropped in the switch.
399:. Large switches may be remotely operated by a motor drive mechanism. Some switches are used to isolate electric power from a system, providing a visible point of isolation that can be padlocked if necessary to prevent accidental operation of a machine during maintenance, or to prevent electric shock.
1482:
switch is a type of biased switch. The most common type is a "push-to-make" (or normally-open or NO) switch, which makes contact when the button is pressed and breaks when the button is released. Each key of a computer keyboard, for example, is a normally-open "push-to-make" switch. A "push-to-break"
1726:
Knife switches consist of a flat metal blade, hinged at one end, with an insulating handle for operation, and a fixed contact. When the switch is closed, current flows through the hinged pivot and blade and through the fixed contact. Such switches are usually not enclosed. The knife and contacts are
1721:
A high-voltage disconnect switch used in an electrical substation. Such switches are used mostly to isolate circuits, and usually cannot break load current. High-voltage switches are available for the highest transmission voltages, up to 1 million volts. This switch is gang-operated so that all
1273:
to assure quick motion of switch contacts, regardless of the speed at which the switch control is operated by the user. Movement of the switch control lever applies tension to a spring until a tipping point is reached, and the contacts suddenly snap open or closed as the spring tension is released.
1759:
A DPDT switch has six connections, but since polarity reversal is a very common usage of DPDT switches, some variations of the DPDT switch are internally wired specifically for polarity reversal. These crossover switches only have four terminals rather than six. Two of the terminals are inputs and
1513:
A rotary switch operates with a twisting motion of the operating handle with at least two positions. One or more positions of the switch may be momentary (biased with a spring), requiring the operator to hold the switch in the position. Other positions may have a detent to hold the position when
1323:
When a switch is designed to switch significant power, the transitional state of the switch as well as the ability to withstand continuous operating currents must be considered. When a switch is in the on state, its resistance is near zero and very little power is dropped in the contacts; when a
1281:
air currents. The arc can be quenched with a series of non-conductive blades spanning the distance between switch contacts, and as the arc rises, its length increases as it forms ridges rising into the spaces between the blades, until the arc is too long to stay sustained and is extinguished. A
1606:
The word "toggle" is a reference to a kind of mechanism or joint consisting of two arms, which are almost in line with each other, connected with an elbow-like pivot. However, the phrase "toggle switch" is applied to a switch with a short handle and a positive snap-action, whether it actually
1517:
One form of rotary switch consists of a spindle or "rotor" that has a contact arm or "spoke" which projects from its surface like a cam. It has an array of terminals, arranged in a circle around the rotor, each of which serves as a contact for the "spoke" through which any one of a number of
1524:
Rotary switches were used as channel selectors on television receivers until the early 1970s, as range selectors on electrical metering equipment, as band selectors on multi-band radios and other similar purposes. In industry, rotary switches are used for control of measuring instruments,
998:
for those without. A DPDT/DPCO switch with a center position can be "off" in the center, not connected to either L1 or L2, or "on", connected to both L1 and L2 at the same time. The positions of such switches are commonly referenced as "on-off-on" and "on-on-on"
311:
Switches are made in many different configurations; they may have multiple sets of contacts controlled by the same knob or actuator, and the contacts may operate simultaneously, sequentially, or alternately. A switch may be operated manually, for example, a
352:. A common use is control of lighting, where multiple switches may be wired into one circuit to allow convenient control of light fixtures. Switches in high-powered circuits must have special construction to prevent destructive arcing when they are opened.
1069:
Switches with larger numbers of poles or throws can be described by replacing the "S" or "D" with a number (e.g. 3PST, SP4T, etc.) or in some cases the letter "T" (for "triple") or "Q" (for "quadruple"). In the rest of this article the terms
1614:, a toggle switch, or the action of toggling, is understood in the different sense of a mechanical or software switch that alternates between two states each time it is activated, regardless of mechanical construction. For example, the
1699:
connection is unaffected by dirt, debris and oxidation, it wets the contacts ensuring a very low resistance bounce-free connection, and movement and vibration do not produce a poor contact. These types can be used for precision works.
1742:
Knife switches are made in many sizes from miniature switches to large devices used to carry thousands of amperes. In electrical transmission and distribution, gang-operated switches are used in circuits up to the highest voltages.
1750:
are used for isolation of circuits in industrial power distribution. Sometimes spring-loaded auxiliary blades are fitted which momentarily carry the full current during opening, then quickly part to rapidly extinguish the arc.
1407:
of about ten times the steady-state current; as the filament heats up, its resistance rises and the current decreases to a steady-state value. A switch designed for an incandescent lamp load can withstand this inrush current.
1483:(or normally-closed or NC) switch, on the other hand, breaks contact when the button is pressed and makes contact when it is released. An example of a push-to-break switch is a button used to release a door held closed by an
1300:
In AC power service, the current periodically passes through zero; this effect makes it harder to sustain an arc on opening. Manufacturers may rate switches with lower voltage or current rating when used in DC circuits.
1327:
For this reason, power switches intended to interrupt a load current have spring mechanisms to make sure the transition between on and off is as short as possible regardless of the speed at which the user moves the rocker.
2333:
1203:
In digital systems, multiple samples of the contact state can be taken at a low rate and examined for a steady sequence, so that contacts can settle before the contact level is considered reliable and acted upon. See
441:, connected to an external circuit, that touch to complete (make) the circuit, and separate to open (break) the circuit. The contact material is chosen for its resistance to corrosion, because most metals form
449:, hardness (resistance to abrasive wear), mechanical strength, low cost and low toxicity. The formation of oxide layers at contact surface, as well as surface roughness and contact pressure, determine the
1289:
Extremely large switches often have switch contacts surrounded by something other than air to more rapidly extinguish the arc. For example, the switch contacts may operate in a vacuum, immersed in
1022:
switch internally wired for polarity-reversal applications: only four rather than six wires are brought outside the switch housing. Also called cross switch, crossover switch or reversing switch.
1760:
two are outputs. When connected to a battery or other DC source, the 4-way switch selects from either normal or reversed polarity. Such switches can also be used as intermediate switches in a
1533:
overhead crane may have a large multi-circuit rotary switch to transfer hard-wired control signals from the local manual controls in the cab to the outputs of the remote control receiver.
1509:
A three-deck stacked rotary switch. Any number of switching elements may be stacked in this manner, by using a longer shaft and additional spacing standoffs between each switching element.
1591:
Toggle switches are available in many different styles and sizes, and are used in numerous applications. Many are designed to provide the simultaneous actuation of multiple sets of
1478:
A switch normally maintains its set position once operated. A biased switch contains a mechanism that springs it into another position when released by an operator. The momentary
271:
1437:
that use delicate switches with small contact pressure as sensor inputs. Failing to do this might result in switches remaining electrically "open" due to contact oxidation.
1269:
In either case, the standard method for minimizing arc formation and preventing contact damage is to use a fast-moving switch mechanism, typically using a spring-operated
1692:
bulb with two or more contacts. The two contacts pass through the glass, and are connected by the mercury when the bulb is tilted to make the mercury roll on to them.
383:
A switch may be directly manipulated by a human as a control signal to a system, such as a computer keyboard button, or to control power flow in a circuit, such as a
1262:
Where the voltage is sufficiently high, an arc can also form as the switch is closed and the contacts approach. If the voltage potential is sufficient to exceed the
2796:
3846:
1792:
In building wiring, light switches are installed at convenient locations to control lighting and occasionally other circuits. By use of multiple-pole switches,
308:
connected to external circuits. When a pair of contacts is touching current can pass between them, while when the contacts are separated no current can flow.
4519:
2259:
1053:
Changeover switch with a COM (Common), which can connect to L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, or L6; with a second switch (2P, two pole) controlled by a single mechanism.
1286:
may be used to blow a sudden high velocity burst of gas across the switch contacts, which rapidly extends the length of the arc to extinguish it quickly.
1638:
Switches can be designed to respond to any type of mechanical stimulus: for example, vibration (the trembler switch), tilt, air pressure, fluid level (a
304:
or diverting it from one conductor to another. The most common type of switch is an electromechanical device consisting of one or more sets of movable
3670:
2197:
3311:
1157:, multiple wires are pressed together under the piano keys of the manuals. Their bouncing and non-synchronous closing of the switches is known as
264:
90:
4608:
1746:
The disadvantages of the knife switch are the slow opening speed and the proximity of the operator to exposed live parts. Metal-enclosed safety
64:. Bottom, left to right: wall switch (U.S. style), miniature toggle switch, in‑line switch, push-button switch, rocker switch, microswitch.
2614:
2172:
762:
A simple on-off switch. The two terminals are normally connected together (closed) and are open when the switch is activated. An example is a
1266:
of the air separating the contacts, an arc forms which is sustained until the switch closes completely and the switch surfaces make contact.
1142:
that respond fast enough to misinterpret the on‑off pulses as a data stream. In the design of micro-contacts, controlling surface structure (
1618:
key on a computer causes all letters to be generated in capitals after it is pressed once; pressing it again reverts to lower-case letters.
4577:
3228:
1277:
As the power being switched increases, other methods are used to minimize or prevent arc formation. A plasma is hot and will rise due to
4416:
3009:
2789:
2289:
1310:
735:
A simple on-off switch. The two terminals are normally disconnected (open) and are closed when the switch is activated. An example is a
395:
is a temperature-operated switch used to control a heating process. A switch that is operated by another electrical circuit is called a
154:
2392:
4524:
3994:
3839:
2443:
1772:
257:
85:
1335:) usually takes the form of a button and only closes the circuit when the button is depressed. A regular on‑off switch (such as on a
4144:
2992:
2888:
2386:
2362:
2327:
2223:
1816:
Slide switches are mechanical switches using a slider that moves (slides) from the open (off) position to the closed (on) position.
402:
An ideal switch would have no voltage drop when closed, and would have no limits on voltage or current rating. It would have zero
3132:
2859:
1662:
is used, for example, in machine tools to interlock operation with the proper position of tools. In heating or cooling systems a
4307:
4232:
4103:
3180:
2979:
4603:
2782:
4479:
4411:
4401:
4277:
4177:
3832:
1703:
It can also be used where arcing is dangerous (such as in the presence of explosive vapour) as the entire unit is sealed.
530:" switch has two separate, parallel sets of contacts that open and close in unison via the same mechanism. The number of "
491:
In electronics, switches are classified according to the arrangement of their contacts. A pair of contacts is said to be "
200:
195:
695:
A simple on-off switch: The two terminals are either connected together or disconnected from each other. An example is a
4332:
4292:
3869:
3211:
2963:
2609:
1364:
1252:
179:
2415:
1235:
When the power being switched is sufficiently large, the electron flow across opening switch contacts is sufficient to
4559:
4554:
4272:
4247:
4237:
4213:
4208:
3914:
3015:
2952:
526:" is the number of electrically separate switches which are controlled by a single physical actuator. For example, a "
2317:
1425:
is the minimum current needing to flow through a mechanical switch while it is operated to break through any film of
1658:). Many switches are operated automatically by changes in some environmental condition or by motion of machinery. A
1387:
4474:
4192:
4162:
3939:
3675:
3222:
139:
4529:
4018:
3979:
3429:
3143:
2986:
2871:
2244:
1514:
released. A rotary switch may have multiple levels or "decks" in order to allow it to control multiple circuits.
3296:
4504:
4312:
4252:
3909:
3438:
3148:
3004:
205:
123:
118:
4443:
4433:
4423:
3449:
3169:
2968:
2744:
2589:
1849:
1805:
1400:
1314:
1270:
1147:
446:
225:
35:
2201:
1429:
that may have been deposited on the switch contacts. The film of oxidation occurs often in areas with high
1102:
snapshot showing voltage fluctuations caused by a switch bouncing between on and off (even swinging above V
4364:
4227:
4010:
3899:
3618:
3185:
3050:
3026:
2689:
2436:
1991:
1796:
control of a lamp can be obtained from two or more places, such as the ends of a corridor or stairwell. A
959:
368:
The most familiar form of switch is a manually operated electromechanical device with one or more sets of
285:
4499:
4267:
4262:
4242:
3687:
3639:
3460:
3276:
3191:
3122:
2958:
2749:
2050:
1797:
1768:
442:
922:
710:
413:
Practical switches fall short of this ideal; as the result of roughness and oxide films, they exhibit
4093:
3855:
3761:
3505:
3400:
3174:
3067:
2921:
2882:
2813:
2805:
2524:
2065:
1901:
1190:
1135:
496:
445:
oxides that would prevent the switch from working. Contact materials are also chosen on the basis of
293:
1541:
4464:
4297:
4197:
4172:
4125:
3934:
3924:
3889:
3481:
3389:
3281:
3117:
3094:
2169:
1946:
1906:
1831:
1434:
1294:
1205:
369:
4338:
3949:
3786:
3646:
3354:
3321:
3137:
3021:
2999:
2494:
2484:
2055:
1911:
1886:
1804:
which electronically controls the lamp if touched anywhere. In public buildings several types of
1793:
1761:
1592:
1248:
1131:
798:
A simple break-before-make changeover switch: C (COM, Common) is connected either to L1 or to L2.
450:
414:
305:
297:
230:
159:
149:
4598:
4489:
4369:
3974:
3781:
3702:
3593:
3545:
3374:
3301:
3263:
2754:
2429:
2382:
2358:
2323:
2282:
2219:
2180:
2031:
1861:
1857:
1825:
1747:
1685:
1600:
1558:
1318:
1263:
1239:
the air molecules across the tiny gap between the contacts as the switch is opened, forming a
1143:
605:
410:
during state changes, and would change state without "bouncing" between on and off positions.
220:
71:
2376:
4438:
4379:
4083:
4078:
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3964:
3904:
3497:
3444:
3306:
3271:
2910:
2594:
2584:
2534:
2504:
2474:
2075:
1596:
1162:
621:
341:
301:
245:
809:
592:
These terms have given rise to abbreviations for the types of switch which are used in the
320:
to sense the position of a machine part, liquid level, pressure, or temperature, such as a
4469:
4428:
4406:
4287:
4257:
4222:
4182:
3984:
3774:
3707:
3560:
3291:
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2001:
1996:
1981:
1951:
1936:
1921:
1916:
1896:
1873:
1869:
1667:
1417:
1339:) has a constant on-off feature. Dual-action switches incorporate both of these features.
1256:
1220:
1197:
1178:
1173:
1127:
617:
484:
454:
349:
210:
99:
31:
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48:
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2006:
1961:
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458:
333:
169:
164:
53:
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4514:
4302:
4187:
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4088:
4045:
3929:
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3811:
3634:
3550:
3369:
3196:
3164:
2739:
2669:
2469:
2106:
2080:
1853:
1530:
1500:
1484:
1332:
1216:
1154:
1139:
495:" when current can flow from one to the other. When the contacts are separated by an
329:
325:
235:
883:
565:") and opened by the switch action. A switch with both types of contact is called a
4534:
4509:
4374:
4343:
4157:
3959:
3692:
3680:
3568:
3535:
3364:
3349:
2932:
2916:
2729:
2684:
2634:
2579:
2569:
2564:
2529:
2016:
1986:
1966:
1941:
1801:
1787:
1712:
1696:
1659:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1568:
1561:
1488:
1356:
1244:
1215:("single-pole, double-throw") switch contacts signals can be filtered out using an
1099:
1033:
696:
480:
384:
313:
215:
174:
42:
1521:
Other types use a cam mechanism to operate multiple independent sets of contacts.
1433:. Providing a sufficient amount of wetting current is a crucial step in designing
1331:
Power switches usually come in two types. A momentary on‑off switch (such as on a
4359:
4327:
4120:
4108:
4028:
3954:
3944:
3874:
3734:
3476:
3425:
3331:
3316:
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2011:
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462:
337:
61:
30:
This article is about the electrical component. For the video game console, see
1572:
Toggle switches with the shared cover preventing certain forbidden combinations
1445:
The moving part that applies the operating force to the contacts is called the
360:
4322:
4317:
4130:
4113:
3969:
3806:
3796:
3729:
3603:
3573:
3540:
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that perform a switching function, but which are controlled electronically by
1839:
1643:
1626:
1546:
1526:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1278:
1240:
537:
In a switch where the contacts remain in one state unless actuated, such as a
392:
321:
144:
57:
2198:"Engineer's Relay Handbook, 5th edition, Chapter 1.6 by RSIA (formerly NARM)"
1584:
is a class of electrical switches that are manually actuated by a mechanical
4038:
4033:
3919:
3879:
3769:
3613:
3608:
3598:
3525:
3405:
3239:
3234:
3159:
3084:
2699:
2311:
2309:
1615:
1611:
1426:
1376:
770:
407:
403:
113:
1695:
This type of switch performs much better than the ball tilt switch, as the
1095:
425:
2410:
2130:
1553:
1505:
589:" or non-shorting) which interrupts one circuit before closing the other.
4152:
3791:
3739:
3719:
3697:
3583:
3578:
3466:
3455:
3384:
3154:
2509:
2060:
1776:
1447:
1430:
1372:
2774:
1717:
1193:, but these are now infrequently used because of the hazards of mercury.
1057:
952:
915:
802:
703:
604:" (SPDT), connecting either of two terminals to the common terminal. In
391:
in a process and used to automatically control a system. For example, a
17:
4073:
4063:
3824:
3651:
3588:
3410:
3395:
3249:
3206:
2854:
1368:
503:", and no current can flow between them at normal voltages. The terms "
108:
1856:
rather than purely mechanically. These are categorized in the article
4068:
3415:
3379:
3344:
2904:
2876:
2849:
2824:
1835:
1800:
allows remote control of lamps for convenience; some lamps include a
1728:
1491:
is controlled by a switch that is held open when the door is closed.
1236:
388:
364:
Three push button switches (Tactile
Switches). Major scale is inches.
317:
2105:
The abbreviation N.C. (for "Normally closed") is also used to mean "
1355:
is switched off, the current cannot drop instantaneously to zero; a
581:" or shorting) which momentarily connects both circuits, or may be "
522:
are also used to describe switch contact variations. The number of "
3801:
3712:
3471:
3244:
3037:
2899:
2894:
2355:
Process/Industrial
Instruments and Controls Handbook (5th Edition)
1865:
1736:
1732:
1716:
1689:
1625:
1585:
1567:
1552:
1540:
1504:
1386:
1172:
1123:
474:
434:
424:
396:
359:
345:
47:
1161:
and compositions exist that use and emphasize this feature. Some
4023:
3744:
3127:
3073:
2974:
2927:
2865:
1363:
loads must be rated to handle these cases. The spark will cause
433:
In the simplest case, a switch has two conductive pieces, often
3828:
2778:
2425:
2421:
475:
2253:
41:"Toggle button" redirects here. For the graphical widget, see
1150:
on metallic surfaces are instrumental in inhibiting chatter.
483:
used to short the windings of a three‑phase wind turbine for
852:
for switches with a stable off position in the centre and
52:
Electrical switches. Top, left to right: circuit breaker,
296:
that can disconnect or connect the conducting path in an
27:
Electrical component that can break an electrical circuit
487:
purposes. Here the switch is shown in the open position.
1764:
system for control of lamps by more than two switches.
2247:
Contact Life – Unsuppressed vs. Suppressed Arcing
1227:
All of these methods are referred to as 'debouncing'.
1200:
to reduce or eliminate multiple pulses from appearing.
376:" (flip the switch for continuous "on" or "off") or "
1359:
will jump across the opening contacts. Switches for
1185:
The effects of contact bounce can be eliminated by:
4543:
4453:
4390:
4352:
4206:
4143:
4054:
4009:
4002:
3862:
3760:
3660:
3627:
3559:
3496:
3424:
3330:
3262:
3108:
3036:
2941:
2823:
2812:
457:of a mechanical switch. Sometimes the contacts are
2378:The New York Times complete manual of home repair
2157:The American Heritage Dictionary, College Edition
1165:have a switchable replica of this sound effect.
1122:) is a common problem with mechanical switches,
608:wiring (i.e., house and building wiring by
511:" for opening of contacts are also widely used.
1395:filament) that is suited for incandescent loads
1196:Alternatively, contact circuit voltages can be
994:for switches with a stable center position and
553:") until closed by operation of the switch, or
1722:three phases are interrupted at the same time.
600:" (SPST) (the simplest type, "on or off") or "
380:" (push for "on" and release for "off") type.
3840:
2790:
2437:
1666:ensures that air flow is adequate in a duct.
265:
8:
2316:Fardo, Stephen; Patrick, Dale (2009-01-01).
2258:. Arc Suppression Technologies. April 2011.
324:. Many specialized forms exist, such as the
2283:"Cornell Dubilier Capacitors – CDE (En-US)"
2109:" in the context of connector or part pins.
1130:, which arises as the result of electrical
755:Single pole, single throw, normally closed
640:Electronics specification and abbreviation
316:or a keyboard button, or may function as a
4006:
3847:
3833:
3825:
2820:
2797:
2783:
2775:
2444:
2430:
2422:
2216:Chambers Science and Technology Dictionary
948:switches controlled by a single mechanism.
911:switches controlled by a single mechanism.
769:
272:
258:
67:
1684:The mercury switch consists of a drop of
1529:, or in control circuits. For example, a
728:Single pole, single throw, normally open
2322:. The Fairmont Press, Inc. p. 337.
1840:Transistor § Transistor as a switch
1654:), or presence of a magnetic field (the
1212:
1094:
636:
479:Triple-pole single-throw (TPST or 3PST)
2159:. Houghton Mifflin. 1979. p. 1301.
2122:
2098:
187:
131:
98:
77:
70:
2615:Motion-triggered contact insufficiency
1808:are used to prevent unauthorized use.
1391:A "T-rated" wall switch (the T is for
616:; however, these terms differ between
612:), names generally involve the suffix
100:Regulation of electrical installations
2262:from the original on December 3, 2013
1595:, or the control of large amounts of
1206:Keyboard technology § Debouncing
1082:will be used to avoid the ambiguity.
7:
3229:Three-dimensional integrated circuit
2192:
2190:
2188:
429:A toggle switch in the "on" position
114:IEC 60364 IEC international standard
78:Wiring practice by region or country
3010:Programmable unijunction transistor
2319:Electrical Power Systems Technology
1487:. The interior lamp of a household
1311:Power management integrated circuit
876:Serial switch or two-circuit switch
632:are used with different meanings).
541:switch, the contacts can either be
155:Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable
124:U.S. National Electrical Code (NEC)
4525:Renewable energy commercialization
2911:Multi-gate field-effect transistor
1864:switches (such as the traditional
1773:Auto polarity (digital multimeter)
1467:or any type of mechanical linkage
1177:SPST switch bounce filter using a
1146:) and minimizing the formation of
119:Canadian Electrical Code (CE Code)
25:
2889:Insulated-gate bipolar transistor
1848:has since spread to a variety of
4573:
4572:
3993:
3133:Heterostructure barrier varactor
2860:Chemical field-effect transistor
2763:
2409:
2395:from the original on 2014-03-29.
1646:), linear or rotary movement (a
1588:, handle, or rocking mechanism.
1379:in series will quell the spark.
1056:
1032:
1025:
958:
951:
921:
914:
882:
808:
801:
709:
702:
188:Switching and protection devices
3181:Mixed-signal integrated circuit
2336:from the original on 2017-12-24
2295:from the original on 2017-02-15
2181:Herley – General Microwave
1610:In some contexts, particularly
507:" for closure of contacts and "
1:
4520:Renewable Energy Certificates
4480:Cost of electricity by source
4402:Arc-fault circuit interrupter
4278:High-voltage shore connection
1876:) bridge the categorization.
1557:Bank of toggle switches on a
109:BS 7671 UK wiring regulations
4535:Spark/Dark/Quark/Bark spread
4333:Transmission system operator
4293:Mains electricity by country
3870:Automatic generation control
3212:Silicon controlled rectifier
3074:Organic light-emitting diode
2964:Diffused junction transistor
2610:Miniature snap-action switch
2381:. Times Books. p. 399.
1549:with four inputs and outputs
1365:electromagnetic interference
1255:(EMI), requiring the use of
1253:electromagnetic interference
1118:Contact bounce (also called
986:Schematically equivalent to
180:Thermoplastic-sheathed cable
4560:List of electricity sectors
4555:Electric energy consumption
4273:High-voltage direct current
4248:Electric power transmission
4238:Electric power distribution
3915:Energy return on investment
3016:Static induction transistor
2953:Bipolar junction transistor
2905:MOS field-effect transistor
2877:Fin field-effect transistor
2375:Gladstone, Bernard (1978).
1670:respond to fluid pressure.
1249:degradation of the contacts
4625:
4475:Carbon offsets and credits
4193:Three-phase electric power
3223:Static induction thyristor
1870:electromechanical crossbar
1829:
1823:
1785:
1766:
1710:
1677:
1498:
1415:
1308:
642:
140:AC power plugs and sockets
40:
29:
4609:Human–machine interaction
4568:
4530:Renewable Energy Payments
4019:Fossil fuel power station
3991:
3392:(Hexode, Heptode, Octode)
3144:Hybrid integrated circuit
2987:Light-emitting transistor
2761:
2460:
2353:Gregory K. McMillan (ed)
2234:Features of Technics E-33
1806:vandal resistant switches
1642:), the turning of a key (
950:
937:Double pole, double throw
898:Double pole, single throw
835:single pole, triple throw
800:
789:Single pole, double throw
701:
686:Single pole, single throw
602:single-pole, double-throw
598:single-pole, single-throw
165:Steel wire armoured cable
4313:Single-wire earth return
4253:Electrical busbar system
3910:Energy demand management
3439:Backward-wave oscillator
3149:Light emitting capacitor
3005:Point-contact transistor
2975:Junction Gate FET (JFET)
830:single pole, centre off
206:Electrical busbar system
72:Electrical installations
60:, surface mount switch,
4444:Residual-current device
4434:Power system protection
4424:Generator interlock kit
3450:Crossed-field amplifier
2969:Field-effect transistor
2745:Vandal-resistant switch
2590:Magnetic proximity fuze
1850:solid state electronics
1315:Solid-state electronics
1271:tipping-point mechanism
1191:mercury-wetted contacts
977:double pole, centre off
972:Double pole changeover
499:, they are said to be "
447:electrical conductivity
226:Residual-current device
132:Cabling and accessories
91:United Kingdom practice
86:North American practice
36:Switch (disambiguation)
4228:Distributed generation
3900:Electric power quality
3619:Voltage-regulator tube
3186:MOS integrated circuit
3051:Constant-current diode
3027:Unijunction transistor
2690:Silicone rubber keypad
1992:Slotted optical switch
1723:
1635:
1573:
1565:
1550:
1510:
1396:
1182:
1115:
1110:) many times over 2.6
824:Single pole changeover
488:
430:
365:
286:electrical engineering
65:
34:. For other uses, see
4604:Electrical components
4500:Fossil fuel phase-out
4268:Electricity retailing
4263:Electrical substation
4243:Electric power system
3688:Electrolytic detector
3461:Inductive output tube
3277:Low-dropout regulator
3192:Organic semiconductor
3123:Printed circuit board
2959:Darlington transistor
2806:Electronic components
2750:Wireless light switch
2051:Commutator (electric)
1798:wireless light switch
1769:Commutator (electric)
1720:
1634:of a dirty-water pump
1629:
1571:
1556:
1544:
1508:
1390:
1367:if not suppressed; a
1251:and also significant
1176:
1098:
990:. Some suppliers use
848:. Some suppliers use
478:
428:
363:
51:
3856:Electricity delivery
3506:Beam deflection tube
3175:Metal oxide varistor
3068:Light-emitting diode
2922:Thin-film transistor
2883:Floating-gate MOSFET
2525:Electric switchboard
2418:at Wikimedia Commons
2357:(McGraw Hill, 1999)
2066:Electric switchboard
1727:typically formed of
294:electrical component
4465:Availability factor
4417:Sulfur hexafluoride
4298:Overhead power line
4198:Virtual power plant
4173:Induction generator
4126:Sustainable biofuel
3935:Home energy storage
3925:Grid energy storage
3890:Droop speed control
3482:Traveling-wave tube
3282:Switching regulator
3118:Printed electronics
3095:Step recovery diode
2872:Depletion-load NMOS
2218:, Edinburgh, 1988,
2135:The Free Dictionary
1947:Load control switch
1832:Digital electronics
1820:Electronic switches
1748:disconnect switches
1674:Mercury tilt switch
1593:electrical contacts
1399:When turned on, an
1295:sulfur hexafluoride
1243:, also known as an
1046:Two pole, six throw
1013:Intermediate switch
571:double-throw switch
471:Contact terminology
370:electrical contacts
306:electrical contacts
300:, interrupting the
4339:Transmission tower
3950:Nameplate capacity
3787:Crystal oscillator
3647:Variable capacitor
3322:Switched capacitor
3264:Voltage regulators
3138:Integrated circuit
3022:Tetrode transistor
3000:Pentode transistor
2993:Organic LET (OLET)
2980:Organic FET (OFET)
2495:Contact protection
2485:Centrifugal switch
2175:2011-04-23 at the
2056:Contact resistance
1912:Hall-effect switch
1887:Centrifugal switch
1794:multiway switching
1762:multiway switching
1724:
1636:
1574:
1566:
1551:
1511:
1397:
1383:Incandescent loads
1231:Arcs and quenching
1183:
1132:contact resistance
1116:
944:Equivalent to two
907:Equivalent to two
856:for those without.
596:industry such as "
497:insulating air gap
489:
451:contact resistance
431:
415:contact resistance
366:
298:electrical circuit
231:Distribution board
160:Multiway switching
150:Electrical conduit
66:
4586:
4585:
4490:Environmental tax
4370:Cascading failure
4139:
4138:
3975:Utility frequency
3822:
3821:
3782:Ceramic resonator
3594:Mercury-arc valve
3546:Video camera tube
3498:Cathode-ray tubes
3258:
3257:
2866:Complementary MOS
2772:
2771:
2755:Zero speed switch
2416:Electric switches
2414:Media related to
2032:Zero speed switch
1902:Dead man's switch
1862:Electromechanical
1858:electronic switch
1826:Electronic switch
1668:Pressure switches
1559:Data General Nova
1401:incandescent lamp
1319:Solid-state relay
1264:breakdown voltage
1198:low-pass filtered
1163:electronic organs
1148:passivated layers
1144:surface roughness
1067:
1066:
764:pushbutton switch
737:pushbutton switch
674:Symbol IEC 60617
624:(i.e., the terms
583:break-before-make
575:make-before-break
567:changeover switch
282:
281:
241:Electrical switch
16:(Redirected from
4616:
4576:
4575:
4485:Energy subsidies
4439:Protective relay
4380:Rolling blackout
4007:
3997:
3965:Power-flow study
3905:Electrical fault
3849:
3842:
3835:
3826:
3676:electrical power
3561:Gas-filled tubes
3445:Cavity magnetron
3272:Linear regulator
2821:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2776:
2767:
2595:Magnetic starter
2585:Lightning switch
2535:Half-moon switch
2505:Crossover switch
2475:Battery isolator
2446:
2439:
2432:
2423:
2413:
2397:
2396:
2372:
2366:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2313:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2257:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2200:. Archived from
2194:
2183:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2127:
2110:
2103:
2076:RF switch matrix
1907:Fireman's switch
1755:Reversing switch
1597:electric current
1531:radio controlled
1351:load such as an
1347:When a strongly
1128:battery contacts
1060:
1036:
1029:
962:
955:
925:
918:
886:
812:
805:
773:
713:
706:
637:
622:American English
606:electrical power
573:. These may be "
374:alternate action
342:reversing switch
302:electric current
274:
267:
260:
246:Earthing systems
211:Circuit breakers
68:
56:, wafer switch,
21:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4564:
4548:
4546:
4539:
4470:Capacity factor
4458:
4456:
4449:
4429:Numerical relay
4407:Circuit breaker
4395:
4393:
4386:
4348:
4288:Load management
4258:Electrical grid
4223:Demand response
4216:
4211:
4202:
4183:Microgeneration
4135:
4050:
3998:
3989:
3985:Vehicle-to-grid
3858:
3853:
3823:
3818:
3756:
3671:audio and video
3656:
3623:
3555:
3492:
3420:
3401:Photomultiplier
3326:
3254:
3202:Quantum circuit
3110:
3104:
3046:Avalanche diode
3032:
2944:
2937:
2826:
2815:
2808:
2803:
2773:
2768:
2759:
2735:Transfer switch
2715:Strowger switch
2710:Stepping switch
2705:Staircase timer
2660:Railroad switch
2620:Nintendo Switch
2600:Magnetic switch
2575:Latching switch
2550:Inertial switch
2545:Infinite switch
2500:Crossbar switch
2465:Analogue switch
2456:
2450:
2406:
2401:
2400:
2389:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2352:
2348:
2339:
2337:
2330:
2315:
2314:
2307:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2265:
2263:
2251:
2245:"Lab Note #105
2243:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2213:
2209:
2196:
2195:
2186:
2179:Explanation by
2177:Wayback Machine
2168:
2164:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2140:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2046:Circuit breaker
2041:
2036:
2022:Transfer switch
2002:Strowger switch
1997:Stepping switch
1982:Railroad switch
1952:Membrane switch
1937:Latching switch
1922:Isolator switch
1917:Inertial switch
1897:Crossbar switch
1882:
1874:Strowger switch
1842:
1828:
1822:
1814:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1757:
1715:
1709:
1682:
1676:
1624:
1539:
1503:
1497:
1476:
1474:Biased switches
1451:, and may be a
1443:
1423:Wetting current
1420:
1418:Wetting current
1414:
1412:Wetting current
1385:
1345:
1343:Inductive loads
1321:
1307:
1305:Power switching
1257:arc suppression
1233:
1221:Schmitt trigger
1179:Schmitt trigger
1171:
1114:before settling
1109:
1105:
1093:
1088:
1016:Four-way switch
973:
933:
894:
834:
829:
825:
819:
783:
749:
682:
664:
662:
660:
655:
653:
651:
646:
644:
618:British English
555:normally closed
473:
455:wetting current
423:
358:
350:circuit breaker
318:sensing element
278:
58:DIP switch
46:
39:
32:Nintendo Switch
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4622:
4620:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4591:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4551:
4549:
4545:Statistics and
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4495:Feed-in tariff
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4461:
4459:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4283:Interconnector
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4233:Dynamic demand
4230:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4163:Combined cycle
4160:
4155:
4149:
4147:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4060:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4015:
4013:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3940:Load-following
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3895:Electric power
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3829:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3750:Wollaston wire
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3531:Selectron tube
3528:
3523:
3521:Magic eye tube
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3453:
3447:
3442:
3435:
3433:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3090:Schottky diode
3087:
3082:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2949:
2947:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2831:
2829:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2640:Placebo button
2637:
2632:
2627:
2625:Optical switch
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2605:Mercury switch
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2490:Company switch
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2405:
2404:External links
2402:
2399:
2398:
2387:
2367:
2346:
2328:
2305:
2274:
2236:
2227:
2207:
2204:on 2017-07-05.
2184:
2162:
2147:
2137:. Farlex. 2008
2121:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:Thermal switch
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1962:Optical switch
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1892:Company switch
1889:
1883:
1881:
1880:Other switches
1878:
1854:active devices
1824:Main article:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1812:Slide switches
1810:
1786:Main article:
1783:
1782:Light switches
1780:
1756:
1753:
1711:Main article:
1708:
1705:
1680:Mercury switch
1678:Main article:
1675:
1672:
1623:
1620:
1582:tumbler switch
1538:
1535:
1499:Main article:
1496:
1493:
1475:
1472:
1442:
1439:
1416:Main article:
1413:
1410:
1405:inrush current
1403:draws a large
1384:
1381:
1353:electric motor
1344:
1341:
1306:
1303:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1209:
1201:
1194:
1170:
1167:
1140:logic circuits
1107:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1086:Contact bounce
1084:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1000:
984:
981:
978:
970:
964:
963:
956:
949:
942:
940:
938:
935:
927:
926:
919:
912:
905:
902:
899:
896:
888:
887:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
861:
860:
857:
842:
839:
836:
822:
814:
813:
806:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
777:
776:
774:
767:
760:
758:
756:
753:
743:
742:
740:
733:
731:
729:
726:
715:
714:
707:
700:
693:
690:
687:
684:
676:
675:
672:
669:
666:
657:
648:
641:
630:three way
545:(abbreviated "
472:
469:
422:
419:
357:
354:
334:mercury switch
280:
279:
277:
276:
269:
262:
254:
251:
250:
249:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
190:
189:
185:
184:
183:
182:
177:
172:
170:Ring main unit
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
134:
133:
129:
128:
127:
126:
121:
116:
111:
103:
102:
96:
95:
94:
93:
88:
80:
79:
75:
74:
54:mercury switch
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4621:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4579:
4571:
4570:
4567:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4515:Pigouvian tax
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4452:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4412:Earth-leakage
4410:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4389:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:Failure modes
4351:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4303:Power station
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4188:Rankine cycle
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:Cooling tower
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4011:Non-renewable
4008:
4005:
4001:
3996:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:Grid strength
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3885:Demand factor
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3850:
3845:
3843:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3830:
3827:
3813:
3812:mercury relay
3810:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3635:Potentiometer
3633:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3551:Williams tube
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3370:Fleming valve
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:Photodetector
3195:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3165:Memtransistor
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:Semiconductor
2811:
2807:
2800:
2795:
2793:
2788:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2766:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Vacuum switch
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:Rotary switch
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2470:Banyan switch
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2394:
2390:
2388:9780812908923
2384:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2363:0-07-012582-1
2360:
2356:
2350:
2347:
2335:
2331:
2329:9780881735864
2325:
2321:
2320:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2291:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2261:
2255:
2250:
2248:
2240:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2224:1-85296-150-3
2221:
2217:
2214:Walker, PMB,
2211:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2151:
2148:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2107:Not connected
2102:
2099:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:Switch access
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2027:Wire switches
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1763:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1719:
1714:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1633:
1628:
1622:Special types
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1578:toggle switch
1570:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1548:
1543:
1537:Toggle switch
1536:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1502:
1501:Rotary switch
1495:Rotary switch
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1485:electromagnet
1481:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1389:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1371:network of a
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1333:laser pointer
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1181:and capacitor
1180:
1175:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:Hammond Click
1156:
1155:Hammond organ
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:respectively.
997:
993:
989:
985:
982:
979:
976:
971:
969:
966:
965:
961:
957:
954:
947:
943:
941:
939:
936:
932:
929:
928:
924:
920:
917:
913:
910:
906:
903:
900:
897:
893:
890:
889:
885:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
862:
858:
855:
851:
847:
843:
840:
837:
833:
828:
823:
821:
816:
815:
811:
807:
804:
797:
794:
791:
788:
786:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
768:
765:
761:
759:
757:
754:
752:
748:
745:
744:
741:
738:
734:
732:
730:
727:
725:
724:
720:
717:
716:
712:
708:
705:
698:
694:
691:
688:
685:
681:
678:
677:
673:
670:
667:
658:
649:
647:abbreviation
639:
638:
635:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:normally open
540:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
486:
482:
477:
470:
468:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
427:
420:
418:
416:
411:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
362:
355:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:rotary switch
327:
326:toggle switch
323:
319:
315:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
275:
270:
268:
263:
261:
256:
255:
253:
252:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
236:Consumer unit
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
193:
192:
191:
186:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
136:
135:
130:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
106:
105:
104:
101:
97:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
76:
73:
69:
63:
59:
55:
50:
44:
37:
33:
19:
4510:Net metering
4457:and policies
4375:Power outage
4344:Utility pole
4308:Pumped hydro
4214:distribution
4209:Transmission
4158:Cogeneration
3960:Power factor
3724:
3569:Cold cathode
3536:Storage tube
3426:Vacuum tubes
3375:Neutron tube
3350:Beam tetrode
3332:Vacuum tubes
2917:Power MOSFET
2730:Touch switch
2685:Sense switch
2635:Piezo switch
2580:Light switch
2570:Limit switch
2565:Knife switch
2530:Float switch
2452:
2377:
2370:
2354:
2349:
2338:. Retrieved
2318:
2297:. Retrieved
2277:
2264:. Retrieved
2246:
2239:
2230:
2215:
2210:
2202:the original
2165:
2156:
2150:
2139:. Retrieved
2134:
2125:
2101:
2017:Touch switch
1987:Sense switch
1967:Piezo switch
1942:Light switch
1845:
1843:
1815:
1802:touch switch
1791:
1788:Light switch
1758:
1745:
1741:
1725:
1713:Knife switch
1707:Knife switch
1702:
1697:liquid metal
1694:
1683:
1660:limit switch
1648:limit switch
1640:float switch
1637:
1632:float switch
1609:
1605:
1590:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1562:minicomputer
1523:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1489:refrigerator
1477:
1469:(see photo).
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1444:
1422:
1421:
1398:
1392:
1346:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1299:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1261:
1245:electric arc
1234:
1226:
1217:SR flip-flop
1184:
1158:
1152:
1119:
1117:
1100:Oscilloscope
1080:intermediate
1079:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1041:
1019:
995:
991:
987:
974:
967:
945:
930:
908:
891:
853:
849:
845:
831:
826:
817:
784:
780:
750:
746:
722:
721:
718:
697:light switch
679:
668:Description
634:
629:
626:two way
625:
613:
610:electricians
601:
597:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
536:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
513:
508:
504:
500:
492:
490:
481:knife switch
467:
463:noble metals
438:
432:
412:
401:
385:light switch
382:
377:
373:
367:
314:light switch
310:
289:
283:
240:
216:Disconnector
175:Ring circuit
43:Cycle button
4505:Load factor
4360:Black start
4328:Transformer
4029:Natural gas
3980:Variability
3955:Peak demand
3945:Merit order
3875:Backfeeding
3735:Transformer
3477:Sutton tube
3317:Charge pump
3170:Memory cell
3100:Zener diode
3062:Laser diode
2945:transistors
2827:transistors
2725:Time switch
2675:Sail switch
2665:Reed switch
2655:Push-button
2650:Push switch
2645:Pull switch
2630:Photoswitch
2555:Kill switch
2520:Dry contact
2266:February 5,
2071:Fuse cutout
2012:Time switch
1977:Push switch
1972:Pull switch
1957:MEMS switch
1932:Kill switch
1664:sail switch
1656:reed switch
1652:microswitch
1564:front panel
1480:push-button
1465:push-button
1291:mineral oil
1219:(latch) or
1106:and below V
904:Double pole
901:Double pole
844:Similar to
594:electronics
539:push-button
356:Description
338:push-button
62:reed switch
4593:Categories
4547:production
4392:Protective
4323:Super grid
4318:Smart grid
4145:Generation
4079:Geothermal
3970:Repowering
3807:reed relay
3797:Parametron
3730:Thermistor
3708:resettable
3667:Connector
3628:Adjustable
3604:Nixie tube
3574:Crossatron
3541:Trochotron
3516:Iconoscope
3511:Charactron
3488:X-ray tube
3360:Compactron
3340:Acorn tube
3297:Buck–boost
3218:Solaristor
3080:Photodiode
3057:Gunn diode
3053:(CLD, CRD)
2835:Transistor
2720:Thermostat
2695:Softswitch
2680:Sea switch
2560:Key switch
2540:Humidistat
2515:DIP switch
2480:Cam switch
2340:2015-01-26
2299:2017-10-05
2155:"Switch".
2141:2008-12-27
2117:References
2086:Switchgear
1927:Key switch
1830:See also:
1767:See also:
1644:key switch
1603:voltages.
1547:DIP switch
1527:switchgear
1337:flashlight
1309:See also:
1279:convection
1241:gas plasma
1211:Bounce in
1169:Debouncing
820:SPTT, c.o.
671:Schematic
661:electrical
643:Expansion
514:The terms
443:insulating
393:thermostat
322:thermostat
145:Cable tray
4455:Economics
4178:Micro CHP
4056:Renewable
4039:Petroleum
4034:Oil shale
3920:Grid code
3880:Base load
3770:Capacitor
3614:Trigatron
3609:Thyratron
3599:Neon lamp
3526:Monoscope
3406:Phototube
3390:Pentagrid
3355:Barretter
3240:Trancitor
3235:Thyristor
3160:Memristor
3085:PIN diode
2862:(ChemFET)
2700:Spark gap
2365:page 7.26
2170:RF Switch
1844:The term
1688:inside a
1616:caps lock
1612:computing
1545:A toggle
1427:oxidation
1377:capacitor
1361:inductive
1349:inductive
1259:methods.
850:SPCO/SPTT
795:Three-way
659:American
437:, called
408:fall time
404:rise time
378:momentary
4599:Switches
4578:Category
4365:Brownout
4153:AC power
3863:Concepts
3792:Inductor
3762:Reactive
3740:Varistor
3720:Resistor
3698:Antifuse
3584:Ignitron
3579:Dekatron
3467:Klystron
3456:Gyrotron
3385:Nuvistor
3302:Split-pi
3188:(MOS IC)
3155:Memistor
2913:(MuGFET)
2907:(MOSFET)
2879:(FinFET)
2510:Cryotron
2393:Archived
2334:Archived
2290:Archived
2272:(3.6 Mb)
2260:Archived
2173:Archived
2131:"Switch"
2061:DIN rail
2039:See also
1777:H-bridge
1448:actuator
1441:Actuator
1431:humidity
1393:Tungsten
1373:resistor
1293:, or in
1136:analogue
439:contacts
421:Contacts
340:switch,
18:Debounce
4394:devices
4104:Thermal
4099:Osmotic
4094:Current
4074:Biomass
4064:Biofuel
4046:Nuclear
4003:Sources
3693:Ferrite
3661:Passive
3652:Varicap
3640:digital
3589:Krytron
3411:Tetrode
3396:Pentode
3250:Varicap
3231:(3D IC)
3207:RF CMOS
3111:devices
2885:(FGMOS)
2816:devices
1686:mercury
1630:Opened
1435:systems
1369:snubber
1189:Use of
1153:In the
1120:chatter
1063:
1002:
859:
792:Two-way
747:SPST-NC
719:SPST-NO
692:Two-way
689:One-way
650:British
485:braking
389:sensors
4089:Marine
4069:Biogas
3725:Switch
3416:Triode
3380:Nonode
3345:Audion
3225:(SITh)
3109:Other
3076:(OLED)
3038:Diodes
2989:(LET)
2971:(FET)
2943:Other
2891:(IGBT)
2868:(CMOS)
2855:BioFET
2850:BiCMOS
2453:Switch
2385:
2361:
2326:
2222:
1872:, and
1846:switch
1838:, and
1836:MOSFET
1775:, and
1729:copper
1461:rocker
1453:toggle
1317:, and
1284:puffer
1237:ionize
1124:relays
1091:Bounce
1010:
1007:
983:
980:
934:(2P2T)
895:(2P1T)
879:
873:
870:
867:
864:
841:
838:
785:Form C
751:Form B
723:Form A
683:(1P1T)
663:wiring
654:wiring
652:mains
614:"-way"
561:" or "
549:" or "
532:throws
528:2-pole
493:closed
459:plated
453:, and
348:, and
292:is an
290:switch
4446:(GFI)
4335:(TSO)
4121:Solar
4109:Tidal
4084:Hydro
3802:Relay
3775:types
3713:eFUSE
3484:(TWT)
3472:Maser
3463:(IOT)
3452:(CFA)
3441:(BWO)
3365:Diode
3312:SEPIC
3292:Boost
3245:TRIAC
3214:(SCR)
3177:(MOV)
3151:(LEC)
3070:(LED)
3029:(UJT)
3018:(SIT)
3012:(PUT)
2955:(BJT)
2924:(TFT)
2900:LDMOS
2895:ISFET
2455:types
2293:(PDF)
2286:(PDF)
2093:Notes
1866:relay
1737:brass
1735:, or
1733:steel
1690:glass
1601:mains
1586:lever
1457:dolly
1357:spark
665:name
656:name
524:poles
520:throw
509:break
461:with
435:metal
397:relay
346:relay
4212:and
4131:Wind
4114:Wave
4024:Coal
3745:Wire
3703:Fuse
3287:Buck
3140:(IC)
3128:DIAC
3064:(LD)
2933:UMOS
2928:VMOS
2845:PMOS
2840:NMOS
2825:MOS
2383:ISBN
2359:ISBN
2324:ISBN
2268:2012
2220:ISBN
1463:, a
1459:, a
1375:and
1213:SPDT
1138:and
1126:and
1104:high
1078:and
1076:SPDT
1072:SPST
1042:2P6T
1020:DPDT
996:DPDT
992:DPCO
988:DPDT
968:DPCO
946:SPDT
931:DPDT
909:SPST
892:DPST
854:SPDT
846:SPDT
818:SPCO
781:SPDT
680:SPST
628:and
620:and
585:" ("
577:" ("
559:n.c.
547:n.o.
518:and
516:pole
505:make
501:open
406:and
288:, a
221:Fuse
201:ELCB
196:AFCI
3307:Ćuk
2254:PDF
1650:or
1599:or
1580:or
1455:or
1108:low
587:BBM
579:MBB
569:or
284:In
4595::
3681:RF
3430:RF
2391:.
2332:.
2308:^
2288:.
2187:^
2133:.
1868:,
1860:.
1834:,
1771:,
1731:,
1576:A
1313:,
1297:.
1112:ms
1074:,
975:or
832:or
827:or
766:.
645:of
563:nc
557:("
551:no
344:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
3848:e
3841:t
3834:v
3432:)
3428:(
2798:e
2791:t
2784:v
2445:e
2438:t
2431:v
2343:.
2302:.
2270:.
2256:)
2252:(
2249:"
2144:.
1223:.
1208:.
739:.
699:.
273:e
266:t
259:v
45:.
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
