1150:(the goddess of weaving) nor pegged out the loom for Uttu—with no Sheep appearing, there were no numerous lambs, and with no goats, there were no numerous kids, the sheep did not give birth to her twin lambs, and the goat did not give birth to her triplet kids; the Annunaki, the great gods, did not even know the names Grain or Sheep. There was no grain of thirty days; there was no grain of forty days; there was no grain of fifty days; there was no small grain, grain from the mountains or grain from the holy habitations. There was no cloth to wear; Uttu had not been born—no royal turban was worn; lord
1118:). Ewa Wasilewska mentions, "this text is not very clear, allowing for the interpretation that humankind was already present before Lahar and Ashnan were created and it was them, not the AnunnakĂ», who were not able to provide for themselves and for the deities until they were given divine 'breath' (Lyczkowska and Szarzynska 1981). However, it seems that Kramer's translation is more appropriate concerning the Sumerian realm in which each and every creation must have had its clearly described purpose". Karen Rhea Nemet-Nejat noted the use of
1164:
42:
943:", number eight, entitled "A New Creation Myth". The tablet is 5 by 2.6 by 1.25 inches (12.7 by 6.6 by 3.2 cm) at its thickest point. Barton describes the text as an "elaborate statement of the non-existence of many things once upon a time" and considered it a "statement that mankind was brought into existence through the physical union of a god and a goddess."
1186:
They brought wealth to the assembly. They brought sustenance to the Land. They fulfilled the ordinances of the gods. They filled the store-rooms of the Land with stock. The barns of the Land were heavy with them. When they entered the homes of the poor who crouch in the dust they brought wealth. Both
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The story opens with a location "the hill of heaven and earth" which is discussed by Chiera as "not a poetical name for the earth, but the dwelling place of the gods, situated at the point where the heavens rest upon the earth. It is there that mankind had their first habitat, and there the
1001:, catalogue numbers 2308, 4036 and 4094. Other translations were taken from Edward Chiera's "Sumerian Epics and Myths" numbers 38, 54, 55, 56 and 57. In total, seventeen pieces were found by Kramer to belong to the myth. Later work has added to this and modern translation has removed the
1022:, means "steppe" or "plain", so modern scholarship has abandoned the use of the phrase "Babylonian Garden of Eden" as it has become clear that the "Garden of Eden" was a later concept. Jeremy Black suggests that this area was restricted for gods, noting that field plans from the
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1158:
had not gone out into the barren lands. The people of those days did not know about eating bread. They did not know about wearing clothes; they went about with naked limbs in the Land. Like sheep they ate grass with their mouths and drank water from the
1199:
From sunrise till sunset, may the name of Grain be praised. People should submit to the yoke of Grain. Whoever has silver, whoever has jewels, whoever has cattle, whoever has sheep shall take a seat at the gate of whoever has grain, and pass his time
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of them, wherever they directed their steps, added to the riches of the household with their weight. Where they stood, they were satisfying; where they settled, they were seemly. They gladdened the heart of An and the heart of Enlil.
950:
in 1924 increasing the text to seventy lines in "Sumerian religious texts". Chiera compiled his translation using further tablets translated by Hugo Radau published in "Miscellaneous
Sumerian Texts" in 1909.
913:
1842:
Alster, Bendt, and
Vanstiphout, Herman L.J., "Lahar and Ashnan. Presentation and Analysis of a Sumerian Disputation", Acta Sumerologica 9 (1987), 1-43: commentary, composite text, translation
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When, upon the hill of heaven and earth, An created the
Annunaki, since he neither spawned nor created Grain with them, and since in the Land he neither fashioned the yarn of
1537:
Hermann
Vollrat Hilprecht, The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania: Researches and treatises, Volume 31, Number 15, University of Pennsylvania
993:
and included translations of museum tablet numbers 7344, 7916, 15161 and 29.15.973. He also included translations from tablets in the Nippur collection of the
1864:
1126:, which developed in order to keep count of animals and produce. Jeremy Black suggests that the victory of grain perhaps implies that man can live without
827:
1848:
Vanstiphout, Herman L.J., "The
Mesopotamian Debate Poems. A General Presentation. Part II. The Subject", Acta Sumerologica 14 (1992), 339-367: commentary
1579:
Black, J.A., Cunningham, G., Fluckiger-Hawker, E, Robson, E., and ZĂłlyomi, G., The
Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford 1998- .
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also translated further parts of the text and discusses the myth saying, "One of the most remarkable tablets in the Museum is number 14005, a
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1060:, who in turn made man. Lahar and Ashnan are created in the "duku" or "pure place" and the story further describes how the Anunnaki create a
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in 1959; he called it the "second myth significant for the
Sumerian concept of the creation of man". He added the translation of a tablet by
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Langdon, Stephen., Sumerian
Liturgies and Psalms. Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, 1919. Online Version
1084:. The story continues with a quarrel between the two goddesses over their gifts which eventually resolves with
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Vanstiphout, Herman L.J., "The
Akkadian word for grain and Lahar and Ashnan", NABU (1989) No. 98: commentary
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Barton, George Aaron., Miscellaneous
Babylonian Inscriptions, Yale University Press, 1918. Online Version
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Chirea, Edward., Sumerian Religious Texts, Constantinople. Musée impérial ottoman, 1924. Online Version
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Another tablet from the same collection, number 6893 (part of which was destroyed) was translated by
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Sumerian mythology: a study of spiritual and literary achievement in the third millennium B.C.
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Sumerian mythology: a study of spiritual and literary achievement in the third millennium B.C.
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A Sumerian group of two separate shell inlay fragments forming the body and head of a sheep.
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Riches hidden in secret places: ancient Near Eastern studies in memory of Thorkild Jacobsen
1034:") to describe the hilly parts of fields that are hard to cultivate due to the presence of
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Seven "debate" topics are known from the Sumerian literature, falling in the category of '
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of Lahar and Ashnan, naming them simply "grain" and "sheep" (also known as cattle).
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Jeremy A. Black; Jeremy Black; Graham Cunningham; Eleanor Robson (13 April 2006).
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has noted the parallels and variations between the story and the later one of
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Le poème sumérien du Paradis: du déluge et de la chute de l'homme, 135-146
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Langdon, Stephen., Bablyoniaca, Volume 3, Librarie Orientaliste, 1908.
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University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
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Miscellaneous Sumerian texts from the temple library of Nippur
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Edward Chiera; Constantinople. Musée impérial ottoman (1924).
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in 1918 and first published as "Sumerian religious texts" in "
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in 61 lines on the period of pre-culture and institution of
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1174:–24th century BC. From a Mayfair gallery, London, UK.
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The Sumerians: their history, culture and character
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1178:The benefits that grain and sheep bring to the
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1738:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 146–.
1667:A dictionary of ancient Near Eastern mythology
1293:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 218–.
1191:The final merits of grain are emphasized in a
1593:David C. Thomasma; David N. Weisstub (2004).
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8:
1766:Karen Rhea Nemet-Nejat (30 September 1998).
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1324:Miscellaneous Babylonian inscriptions, p. 52
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1154:, the precious lord, had not been born; The
1076:for Ashnan, describing the introduction of
900:and address humanity's place in the world.
1812:. Oxford University Press. pp. 230–.
1627:Thorkild Jacobsen; I. Tzvi Abusch (2002).
1092:intervening to declare Ashnan the victor.
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1774:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
1433:Stephen Langdon; Ch Virolleaud (1919).
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30:
1044:Kramer discusses the story of the god
1402:Sumerian Liturgies and Psalms, p. 235
1018:is to be placed." The Sumerian word
941:Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions
890:The Dispute between Silver and Copper
7:
1142:The introduction to the myth reads:
1735:Creation stories of the Middle East
1670:. Psychology Press. pp. 108–.
1122:in the tale as being linked to the
1399:Stephen Langdon (September 2010).
56:Religions of the ancient Near East
14:
1770:Daily life in ancient Mesopotamia
1553:. The University of Chicago Press
1352:Sumerian religious texts, pp. 26-
908:The first sixty-one lines of the
1510:Forgotten Books. pp. 105–.
1241:Self-praise of Shulgi (Shulgi D)
1216:Debate between Winter and Summer
878:Debate between Winter and Summer
842:"Debate between sheep and grain"
1809:The Literature of Ancient Sumer
1704:Forgotten Books. pp. 78–.
1596:The variables of moral capacity
762:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta
1041:mounds (ruined habitations).
924:from their excavations at the
1:
1633:. Eisenbrauns. pp. 45–.
1168:
1130:, but cannot survive without
1048:creating the cattle-goddess,
1321:George Aaron Barton (1918).
1221:Debate between bird and fish
995:Museum of the Ancient Orient
882:Debate between bird and fish
1698:Samuel Noah Kramer (1961).
1599:. Springer. pp. 110–.
1504:Samuel Noah Kramer (1961).
1467:Samuel Noah Kramer (1959).
1287:Samuel Noah Kramer (1964).
1944:
876:'; some examples are: the
846:"Myth of cattle and grain"
1056:, to feed and clothe the
1052:, and the grain goddess,
935:. This was translated by
45:Chaos Monster and Sun God
1664:Gwendolyn Leick (1991).
1550:Sumerian epics and myths
1439:. Éditions Ernest Leroux
1195:at the end of the myth:
1732:Ewa Wasilewska (2000).
1470:History begins at Sumer
1327:. Yale University Press
1068:for Lahar and a house,
953:Stephen Herbert Langdon
912:were discovered on the
1547:Edward Chiera (1964).
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16:Sumerian creation myth
1928:Comparative mythology
1923:Religious cosmologies
1903:Sumerian disputations
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1405:. General Books LLC.
1236:Old Babylonian oracle
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886:the Tree and the Reed
166:Seven gods who decree
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34:Mesopotamian religion
1182:are also described:
922:tablet number 14,005
850:Sumerian disputation
689:Seven-headed serpent
628:Spirits and monsters
1374:Hugo Radau (1909).
1266:Sumerian literature
1156:god of wild animals
1024:Third Dynasty of Ur
937:George Aaron Barton
860:in the mid to late
564:Demigods and heroes
228:Other major deities
1913:Mesopotamian myths
1886:2012-03-24 at the
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1124:history of writing
1101:Samuel Noah Kramer
987:Samuel Noah Kramer
896:. The debates are
47:
1819:978-0-19-929633-0
1785:978-0-313-29497-6
1745:978-1-85302-681-2
1711:978-1-60506-049-1
1677:978-0-415-00762-7
1640:978-1-57506-061-3
1606:978-1-4020-2551-8
1517:978-1-60506-049-1
1412:978-1-153-64654-3
1300:978-0-226-45238-8
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916:catalogue of the
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1229:
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948:Edward Chiera
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71:Ancient Egypt
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21:
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1908:Clay tablets
1823:. Retrieved
1808:
1801:
1789:. Retrieved
1769:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1734:
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1700:
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1666:
1644:. Retrieved
1629:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1595:
1555:. Retrieved
1549:
1542:
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1506:
1484:. Retrieved
1469:
1462:
1453:
1441:. Retrieved
1435:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1401:
1394:
1382:. Retrieved
1376:
1369:
1357:. Retrieved
1355:. University
1351:
1329:. Retrieved
1323:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1289:
1198:
1190:
1185:
1177:
1145:
1141:
1099:
1043:
1012:
982:
945:
907:
889:
874:disputations
871:
868:Disputations
858:clay tablets
845:
841:
839:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
522:PaniÄťinÄťarra
198:
172:Four primary
171:
1859:Translation
1172: 27th
1082:agriculture
1036:prehistoric
1014:Babylonian
1003:deification
904:Compilation
894:Mesopotamia
664:Ušum/Dragon
407:Lugala'abba
342:Dumuzi-abzu
269:Geshtinanna
214:Utu/Shamash
76:Mesopotamia
1897:Categories
1272:References
1180:habitation
1096:Discussion
918:Babylonian
769:Enūma Eliš
755:Atra-Hasis
605:Atra-Hasis
590:Lugalbanda
532:Shul-utula
412:Mami/Nintu
367:Hendursaga
254:Ereshkigal
249:Enmesharra
1062:sheepfold
920:section,
748:An = Anum
742:Mythology
684:Ušumgallu
585:Gilgamesh
502:Ninsikila
472:Ningirima
467:Ningirida
322:Asaruludu
209:Nanna/Sin
192:Ninhursag
81:Babylonia
1884:Archived
1205:See also
1159:ditches.
1152:NiÄťir-si
1058:Anunnaki
999:Istanbul
973:and the
964:paradise
957:didactic
709:Lamashtu
679:Mušmaḫḫū
610:Ziusudra
580:Enmerkar
527:Sarpanit
507:Ninšubur
482:Ninkilim
447:Ninmarki
422:Maštabba
387:Kajamanu
347:Enbilulu
317:Anunnaki
66:Anatolia
24:a series
22:Part of
1867:(ETCSL)
1861:(ETCSL)
1612:16 June
1193:proverb
1107:in the
977:god in
966:by the
929:library
694:Humbaba
615:Apkallu
595:Shamhat
477:Ninkasi
442:Nindara
357:Erragal
312:Agasaya
289:Ninurta
244:Enkimdu
239:Dumuzid
98:Semitic
93:Iranian
32:Ancient
1825:24 May
1816:
1791:24 May
1782:
1751:23 May
1742:
1717:26 May
1708:
1683:23 May
1674:
1646:24 May
1637:
1603:
1557:23 May
1523:23 May
1514:
1486:23 May
1477:
1443:23 May
1418:23 May
1409:
1384:23 May
1359:23 May
1331:23 May
1306:23 May
1297:
1200:there.
1138:Quotes
1070:plough
1054:Ashnan
1028:hursag
979:Dilmun
933:Nippur
926:temple
888:; and
880:; the
800:Sukkal
795:Dingir
724:Rabisu
719:Pazuzu
649:Edimmu
600:Siduri
575:Enkidu
547:Tišpak
542:Ĺ ulpae
537:Ĺ ubula
512:Ninsun
497:Ninšar
492:Ninmug
487:Ninlil
462:Ningal
457:Ninazu
452:Nisaba
437:Nanshe
432:Namtar
417:Mamitu
377:Isimud
327:Ashnan
294:Ĺ ulpae
284:Nergal
279:Marduk
149:Anshar
145:Kishar
136:Lahamu
127:Tiamat
108:Canaan
103:Arabia
1380:. n.p
1132:bread
1109:Bible
1090:Enlil
1066:herbs
1050:Lahar
1009:Story
975:water
968:earth
848:is a
789:Terms
736:Tales
699:Hanbi
674:Bašmu
654:Siris
570:Adapa
517:Nuska
402:Lisin
392:Lahar
372:Igigi
362:Gibil
332:Ashgi
274:Lahar
264:Kingu
182:Enlil
154:Mummu
140:Lahmu
86:Sumer
1827:2011
1814:ISBN
1793:2011
1780:ISBN
1753:2011
1740:ISBN
1719:2011
1706:ISBN
1685:2011
1672:ISBN
1648:2011
1635:ISBN
1614:2011
1601:ISBN
1559:2011
1525:2011
1512:ISBN
1488:2011
1475:ISBN
1445:2011
1420:2011
1407:ISBN
1386:2011
1361:2011
1333:2011
1308:2011
1295:ISBN
1148:Uttu
1088:and
1086:Enki
1080:and
1074:yoke
1072:and
1039:tell
1032:hill
1020:Edin
960:poem
910:myth
852:and
840:The
714:Lilu
659:AnzĂ»
644:Asag
634:Udug
552:Uttu
427:Nabu
382:Išum
352:Erra
234:Adad
187:Enki
147:and
138:and
131:Abzu
129:and
1778:–.
997:in
985:by
971:god
931:at
844:or
704:Kur
397:Laṣ
337:Bel
177:Anu
1899::
1776:47
1656:^
1585:^
1567:^
1496:^
1341:^
1279:^
1169:c.
1046:An
1030:("
884:;
864:.
259:Ki
26:on
1829:.
1795:.
1755:.
1721:.
1687:.
1650:.
1616:.
1561:.
1527:.
1490:.
1447:.
1422:.
1388:.
1363:.
1335:.
1310:.
1114:(
829:e
822:t
815:v
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