128:, can do so when anxiety is relieved by narcosis ... What is so valuable is that they generally have no memory about the actual length of the treatment or the numbers of ECT used ... After 3 or 4 treatments they may ask for ECT to be discontinued because of an increasing dread of further treatments. Combining sleep with ECT avoids this ... All sorts of treatment can be given while the patient is kept sleeping, including a variety of drugs and ECT together generally induce considerable memory loss for the period under narcosis. As a rule the patient does not know how long he has been asleep, or what treatment, even including ECT, he has been given. Under sleep ... one can now give many kinds of physical treatment, necessary, but often not easily tolerated. We may be seeing here a new exciting beginning in psychiatry and the possibility of a treatment era such as followed the introduction of anaesthesia in surgery.
238:
to overflowing. I was given a handful of pills to take and the next thing I remember was Dr Bailey standing by the bed asking how I felt. I told him I'd had a good night's sleep. He laughed and informed me it was ten days later and, what's more, he had taken some weight off me. I was checked out of the hospital and this time noticed the other patients were still asleep or being taken to the bathroom while out on their feet.
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The minister said that all three cases had positive outcomes and "accepted procedures and clinical governance processes available at the time were followed". The New South Wales Mental Health Review
Tribunal has power to approve or prohibit administration of ECT treatment in respect to both voluntary
258:
Prolonged sedation is used on rare occasions with the administration of ECT where there has been a clinical indication to combine the two procedures, such as in complex cases when the risk to the patient and others from severe mental illness is extreme and other treatments have been unable to safely
237:
I was given a semi-private room. On the way to it I saw several beds along the corridors with sleeping patients. The patient in the other bed in my room was also asleep. I thought nothing of it at the time. Although it was mid-morning, the stillness was eerie for a hospital that looked to be full
296:
dismissed the defamation case, finding that the claims were substantially true and that
Cannane was entitled to trust the royal commission's findings, stating that the accusers tried to "rewrite history and vindicate their conduct", and ordered costs to be paid by Gill and Herron. An appeal was
62:
to induce sleep in a few psychiatric patients, one of whom died. His method was adopted by some other physicians but soon abandoned, perhaps because it was considered too toxic or reckless. In 1915, Giuseppe
Epifanio tried barbiturate-induced sleep therapy in a psychiatric clinic in
181:
Twenty-five patients died at
Chelmsford Private Hospital during the 1960s and 1970s. After the failure of the agencies of medical and criminal investigation to tackle complaints about Chelmsford, a series of articles in the early 1980s in the
209:
In 1978, Sydney psychiatrist Brian
Boettcher had convened a meeting of doctors working at Chelmsford and found there was little support for deep sleep therapy (Bailey did not attend). However, the treatment continued to be used into 1979.
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259:
contain this risk. The primary purpose of the sedation is to keep the patient and staff safe from the patient's severe aggression and to control agitation. The primary purpose of the ECT is to treat the underlying mental illness.
254:, the Minister for Police and Emergency Services, representing the Minister for Health, in answer to a parliamentary question on notice, made a statement on the use of court-ordered prolonged sedation with ECT:
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treatment in which drugs are used to keep patients unconscious for a period of days or weeks. The controversial practice led to the death of 25 patients in
Chelmsford Private Hospital in
93:. The method became widely known and was used in some mental hospitals in the 1930s and 1940s. It was adopted and promoted by some leading psychiatrists in the 1950s and 1960s, such as
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A 1992 British television documentary included the testimony of several former patients and relatives of those who died from treatment at
Chelmsford Hospital.
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In 2017, doctors John Gill and John Herron, previously involved in the
Chelmsford scandal, presented charges of defamation against author
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Wilson E. (2003) "Psychiatric abuse at
Chelmsford Private Hospital, New South Wales, 1960-1980s", in Coleborne C. and MacKinnon D.
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exposed the abuses at the hospital, including 24 deaths from the treatment. That forced the authorities to take action, and the
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was also developed and used for various psychiatric disorders, involving current passed through the brain to induce deep sleep.
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lodged, and in 2022 the court found that Gill was entitled to a retrial. The lawsuit was settled out of court.
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in 1969, was an advocate for victims; it received documents from the hospital, copied by a nurse, "Rosa".
149:, at the Chelmsford Private Hospital. As practiced by Bailey, deep sleep therapy involved long periods of
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671:"Chelmsford hospital defamation case ends in settlement and apology for claims in Scientology book"
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played in exposing the practices taking place at
Chelmsford Private Hospital. In late 2020, judge
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Bangen, Hans: Geschichte der medikamentösen Therapie der Schizophrenie. Berlin 1992, p. 38-42
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Mary de Young: Encyclopedia of Asylum Therapeutics, 1750-1950s. United States 2015, p. 46
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described what it was like when she was admitted there in 1970. She had an addiction to
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642:"Steve Cannane vindicated as Australian judge denounces 'Deep Sleep Therapy' doctors"
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Shorter Edward (1996) "The beginning of psychopharmacology: deep sleep therapies".
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202:, co-founded by the Church of Scientology and Professor of Psychiatry Emeritus Dr.
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Contemporary Medical Scandals: A Challenge to Ethical Codes and Ethical Principles
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Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
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153:-induced unconsciousness. It was prescribed for various conditions including
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Deep sleep therapy was popularised in the early 1920s by Swiss psychiatrist
213:
Legal action on behalf of former patients was pursued in New South Wales.
627:
at NSW Mental Health Review Tribunal, 12 June 2014. Accessed 13 July 2014
379:
A History of Psychiatry: From the Era of the Asylum to the Age of Prozac
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In New South Wales in 2011, following the publication of a story in the
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The New South Wales Royal Commission into Chelmsford Private Hospital
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730:, No. 1750, 5 January 1991 (subscription required for full article)
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and a friend told her about Bailey and he became her psychiatrist.
58:
psychiatrist Neil Macleod at the turn of the 20th century. He used
446:
O'Neill J.; Haupt R. The last victim of the 'beautiful hospital'.
282:
Fair Game: The Incredible Untold Story of Scientology in Australia
64:
51:
101:, a North American psychiatrist of Scottish origin practising in
1214:
737:
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An introduction to physical methods of treatment in psychiatry
118:
An introduction to physical methods of treatment in psychiatry
1210:
416:
Sargant, William; Slater, Eliot; assisted by Kelly, Desmond.
365:
4.13, March 1993, pp. 83–93, doi 10.1177/0957154X9300401304.
137:
Deep sleep therapy was also practiced (in combination with
703:: Available in reference form at the N.S.W. State Library.
1447:
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
1199:
Greenberg v. Miami Children's Hospital Research Institute
359:"Sleep as a cure for schizophrenia: a historical episode"
476:
Madness in Australia: histories, heritage and the asylum
570:"DEEP SLEEP: KILLER DOCTOR'S 'EXPERIMENTAL' TREATMENT"
463:
Deep Sleep: Harry Bailey and the Scandal of Chelmsford
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Taiwanese Society of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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124:Many patients unable to tolerate a long course of
42:, Australia, from the early 1960s to late 1970s.
1137:Moore v. Regents of the University of California
89:. Most of the patients that were treated had
1427:Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia
1226:
749:
8:
1052:Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital
508:Susan Jane Tweedale v Dr John Tennant Herron
54:for psychiatric purposes was first tried by
713:Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith
584:ECT patients under anaesthetic for two days
435:Australian dictionary of national biography
412:
410:
373:
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284:. In his book, Cannane refers to the roles
105:, some of whose research was funded by the
1382:American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology
1233:
1219:
1211:
1148:Medical Experimentation on Black Americans
756:
742:
734:
268:HarperCollins Publishers and Steve Cannane
1086:Albert Kligman's dermatology experiments
461:Bromberger, Brian; Fife-Yeomans, Janet.
420:(Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1972)
1143:Surgery to try to improve mental health
318:
116:Sargant wrote in his standard textbook
615:, 6 September 2011, p. 35 (folio 4931)
280:following the publication of the book
67:, but his reports made little impact.
34:, is a discredited form of ostensibly
1616:Neurological conditions and disorders
1387:American Neuropsychiatric Association
465:, Simon & Schuster 1991, page 111
7:
582:Phillips, Nicky with Corderoy, Amy.
1437:National Institute of Mental Health
200:Citizens Commission on Human Rights
1422:Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists
1397:Campaign Against Psychiatric Abuse
625:What orders can the tribunal make?
14:
431:Bailey, Harry Richard (1922-1985)
1665:
1655:
1412:European Psychiatric Association
1392:American Psychiatric Association
706:Jones, D. Gareth. (March 1990) "
1692:Physical psychiatric treatments
1666:
1417:Global Initiative on Psychiatry
1266:Child and adolescent psychiatry
919:Betancourt v. Trinitas Hospital
722:Nightmare on Chelmsford, Sydney
720:Anderson, Ian. (January 1991) "
1633:Psychiatric survivors movement
1523:Psychiatric survivors movement
1493:Controversies about psychiatry
1452:Royal College of Psychiatrists
1163:Radioactive iodine experiments
147:Pennant Hills, New South Wales
141:(ECT) and other therapies) by
1:
1518:Political abuse of psychiatry
1467:World Psychiatric Association
1402:Chinese Society of Psychiatry
1106:Guatemala syphilis experiment
133:Australian Chelmsford scandal
97:in the United Kingdom and by
78:, using a combination of two
572:– via www.youtube.com.
167:premenstrual stress syndrome
82:marketed as Somnifen by the
1116:Human radiation experiments
551:, Pan Books, Sydney, 1990,
286:Chelmsford Royal Commission
196:Chelmsford Royal Commission
188:and television coverage on
107:Central Intelligence Agency
1713:
1432:Indian Psychiatric Society
1173:Stanford prison experiment
264:and involuntary patients.
1651:
1508:Electroconvulsive therapy
1503:Biopsychiatry controversy
1276:Cross-cultural psychiatry
1271:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
1075:Abdullahi v. Pfizer, Inc.
926:Commonwealth v. Twitchell
783:Betty and George Coumbias
607:24 September 2015 at the
381:, New York: Wiley, 1997,
145:between 1962 and 1979 in
139:electroconvulsive therapy
28:prolonged sleep treatment
1555:Psychiatric epidemiology
1550:Philosophy of psychiatry
1442:Philadelphia Association
1281:Developmental disability
1193:Willowbrook State School
532:[1996] NSWSC 176
512:[1997] NSWSC 168
1621:Psychiatric medications
1188:Tuskegee Syphilis Study
1131:Joseph Gilbert Hamilton
910:parent/patient/guardian
908:Medical opinion against
613:NSW Legislative Council
109:(CIA) as part of their
1590:Psychosomatic medicine
1326:Nutritional psychiatry
1286:Descriptive psychiatry
949:Archie Battersbee case
646:The Underground Bunker
261:
240:
130:
84:pharmaceutical company
1513:Insulin shock therapy
1488:Clinical neuroscience
1407:Democratic Psychiatry
1261:Biological psychiatry
1168:Skid Row Cancer Study
1004:Spiro Nikolouzos case
989:Joseph Maraachli case
717:No. 42, pp. 2–14
589:Sydney Morning Herald
538:(NSW, Australia).
518:(NSW, Australia).
492:[1992] HCA 12
449:Sydney Morning Herald
363:History of Psychiatry
307:Insulin shock therapy
290:Church of Scientology
256:
252:Sydney Morning Herald
235:
185:Sydney Morning Herald
122:
16:Psychiatric treatment
1626:by condition treated
1565:Psychiatric hospital
1560:Psychiatric genetics
1306:Geriatric psychiatry
1296:Emergency psychiatry
1256:Addiction psychiatry
1183:Plutonium injections
765:Medical ethics cases
640:(24 November 2020).
478:. Queensland: 121-34
1483:Behavioral medicine
1341:Palliative medicine
1321:Military psychiatry
1301:Forensic psychiatry
1009:Aruna Shanbaug case
932:Mordechai Dov Brody
343:European Psychiatry
198:was appointed. The
99:Donald Ewen Cameron
32:continuous narcosis
1585:Psychopharmacology
1316:Liaison psychiatry
1153:Milgram experiment
1096:Deep sleep therapy
1058:Christiane Völling
1039:Gillick competence
602:Hansard Transcript
231:prescription drugs
20:Deep sleep therapy
1679:
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1611:Counseling topics
1545:Pentylenetetrazol
1311:Immuno-psychiatry
1208:
1207:
959:Tirhas Habtegiris
954:Charlie Gard case
888:Karen Ann Quinlan
808:Piergiorgio Welby
488:Walton v Gardiner
387:978-0-471-15749-6
377:Shorter, Edward.
217:Patient testimony
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1024:Informed consent
994:Jahi McMath case
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177:Resultant deaths
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1111:Henrietta Lacks
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669:(3 July 2023).
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557:0 330 27185 7
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536:Supreme Court
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528:Hart v Herron
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1570:Psychiatrist
1535:Neuroimaging
1197:
1135:
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1091:David Reimer
1073:
1050:
1043:
1027:to treatment
1014:David Vetter
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924:
917:
863:June Hartley
853:Baby Doe Law
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680:. Retrieved
676:The Guardian
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649:. Retrieved
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638:Ortega, Tony
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80:barbiturates
76:Jakob Klaesi
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843:Paul Brophy
824:Withholding
822:Euthanasia/
651:22 December
294:Jayne Jagot
227:Toni Lamond
151:barbiturate
36:psychiatric
1686:Categories
1242:Psychiatry
964:Rom Houben
848:Carol Carr
838:Tony Bland
788:Dax Cowart
695:References
549:First Half
496:High Court
429:Garton S.
331:0786468971
223:First Half
191:60 Minutes
159:depression
1331:Narcology
1178:Study 329
826:treatment
773:Assisted
171:addiction
1067:Research
605:Archived
559:, p. 199
301:See also
56:Scottish
1671:Outline
775:suicide
163:obesity
46:History
1661:Portal
974:Baby K
878:Baby M
682:5 July
555:
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385:
348:: 236s
329:
103:Canada
1604:Lists
530:
510:
490:
313:Notes
87:Roche
65:Italy
52:sleep
684:2023
653:2020
553:ISBN
399:ISBN
383:ISBN
327:ISBN
288:and
169:and
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126:ECT
30:or
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