257:
40:
214:
205:, revealed the maximum cross-sectional area to be in the large southern passage. This was documented at 169 m wide with a ceiling height of 125 m (410 ft). The northern passage registered the greatest ceiling height at 148 m (486 ft) with a cross-sectional width of 142 m (466 ft). The main entrance of Deer Cave was measured at 146 m (479 ft).
248:. Rainwater also infiltrates the porous sedimentary rocks after going through the soil and progressively dissolves the limestone, widening the pores and cracks and creating caves of impressive dimensions such as the Deer Cave. This natural process, which is still working, will cause the cave to widen even more in the future.
507:
its blowing wind. It contains a chamber dubbed King’s Room, a cavern containing huge columns of stone on both the ceiling and the floor. The Lang cave is the smallest of the caves open to the public. However, its size allows up-close opportunities to see some of the common cave inhabitants such as bats and
319:
that live inside the Deer Cave without affecting their habitat or habits, providing a valuable tool for the study of cave fauna. A viewing area has also been built outside, below the cave entrance, so that visitors can view the nightly "bat exodus" as they exit the cave and stream away in tight formation.
506:
The
Clearwater cave, with approximately 60 km (37 mi) of known passages, is considered the longest cave system in Southeast Asia. It is recognised for its clear underground stream, popular with tourists. The Wind cave is located on the same trail leading to Clearwater cave, and is known for
318:
of Monaco visited the Gunung Mulu
National Park to launch a new camera system as part of the Bat Observatory, which is located near the entrance of the Deer Cave. Known as the Bat Cam, the surveillance technology allows visitors and scientists to observe approximately 3 million bats (over 30 species)
286:
Access to Deer Cave from the
National Park entrance is via a 3 km (1.9 mi) plank walkway which passes through regions of lowland and limestone tropical rainforest with immense trees and limestone outcrops. This walk is considered an additional attraction to visitors as it takes them through
196:
expedition in 1978. They produced measurements of 174 m (571 ft) wide and 122 m (400 ft) high in one section that passed through the mountain for a distance of 1 km (0.62 mi). The next survey in 2009 increased the acknowledged passage length to 4.1 km (2.5 mi)
301:
To the northeast the cave opens into the so-called Garden of Eden, an approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) wide, circular depression encircled with 150–300 m (490–980 ft) tall limestone walls from three sides and a mountain slope from the fourth. The Garden of Eden is a karst valley or
233:
caused the crust to buckle and elevate the land once more, giving birth to the island of Borneo and the Mulu mountains, around five million years ago. Since then, the landscape was hacked by constant
290:
Some artificial lighting is provided within the cave, but flashlights are recommended for personal use in darker areas. Visitor attention may be drawn to a specific formations - unique
168:. It was surveyed in 1961 by G. E. Wilford of the British Borneo Geological Survey, who predicted that Mulu would yield many more caves in the future. The cave, which is also known as
264:
Tourism access to the cave (and to the entire park) was opened in 1984. The landscape attracts around 25,000 visitors from countries all over the world every year.
802:
443:), an uncommon species of deer native to Malaysia, which make their home largely in the immediate area of the cave. Additionally, many other animals such as the
566:
536:
1147:
488:
626:
184:
and
Berawan people, is said to have received its name because of the deer that go there to lick salt-bearing rocks and shelter themselves.
795:
229:, composed largely of compressed sea shells, developed in lagoons created by coral reefs. The movement of the Asian and Australian
670:
1142:
1098:
939:
788:
710:
225:
itself. Between 40,000,000 BC and 20,000,000 BC, a 1,500 m (4,900 ft) thick layer of sedimentary rocks known as
827:
315:
202:
997:
496:
355:
193:
19:
1137:
868:
492:
165:
53:
736:
217:
Main passage inside Deer Cave, showing waterfalls cascading from the ceiling over 122 m (400 ft) high.
221:
An explanation of the cave's formation is strongly interconnected with the geological history of the island of
570:
540:
294:
and also to a specific formation near the cave entrance which bears a distinct resemblance to the profile of
687:
201:, another show cave within the park, to the Deer Cave System. This survey, made by the Hoffman Institute at
642:
484:
256:
886:
364:
346:
279:
operates flights of approximately 30 minutes from Miri to Mulu. The park can also be reached by boat from
876:
418:
409:
382:
373:
391:
448:
444:
901:
427:
337:
328:
276:
116:
198:
622:
616:
400:
287:
the rainforest (of about 55,000 ha (140,000 acres)) and by an ancient Penan Burial Cave.
244:, which dissolves when in contact with fresh water, and thus has been slowly sculpted into a
128:
1075:
1065:
1025:
987:
881:
674:
483:
Deer Cave was believed to be the largest cave passage in the world until the discovery of
466:
295:
280:
230:
1060:
962:
924:
919:
896:
840:
667:
272:
149:
141:
1131:
1080:
1035:
1015:
952:
268:
39:
1070:
1040:
1005:
982:
835:
267:
To access Deer Cave, one must first enter the Gunung Mulu
National Park, by way of
181:
306:
with a volume of 150 million cubic meters, its bottom is covered with rainforest.
1050:
1045:
1020:
1010:
972:
957:
846:
780:
499:
characterised by amazing caves and karst formations in a mountainous equatorial
463:
436:
213:
115:
Second largest cave passage in the world; largest known before the discovery of
751:"Cavernicolous And Terrestrial Decapod Crustacea From Northern Sarawak, Borneo"
1030:
977:
967:
929:
750:
500:
291:
1113:
1100:
283:, but a special booking must be made since no regular boat covers that area.
1055:
947:
471:
241:
226:
161:
508:
452:
303:
157:
812:
234:
153:
57:
456:
222:
255:
245:
212:
724:
911:
784:
560:
558:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
996:
938:
910:
867:
860:
826:
819:
260:
Bat observatory in front of the Deer Cave entrance.
123:
111:
103:
95:
87:
79:
71:
63:
49:
27:
739:. BATS Magazine, Volume 12, Issue 4, Winter 1994.
615:White, William Blaine; Culver, David C. (2012).
322:At least 12 bat species are found in Deer Cave.
796:
240:The mountain’s surface is composed mostly of
8:
864:
823:
803:
789:
781:
569:. World Heritage Datasheet. Archived from
38:
24:
539:. The Mulu Caves Project. Archived from
519:
594:The Geology of Sarawak and Sabah Caves
491:in Vietnam in 2009. It is part of the
192:The cave was extensively mapped by a
7:
435:Deer Cave derives its name from the
14:
425:Free-tail or wrinkle-lipped bat (
398:Lesser tail-less roundleaf bat (
237:from precipitations and winds.
621:. Academic Press. p. 532.
489:Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park
1148:Tourist attractions in Sarawak
841:Beting Raja Jarum/Patinggi Ali
643:"The Largest Passage on Earth"
459:are native to the local area.
188:Description and survey history
1:
75:196.64 m (645.1 ft)
714:(TV mini-series). BBC. 2006.
67:2,160 m (7,090 ft)
861:Interior and water features
567:"Gunung Mulu National Park"
335:Greater sheath-tailed bat (
203:Western Kentucky University
1164:
755:Zoologische Verhandelingen
497:UNESCO World Heritage Site
356:Rhinolophus philippinensis
353:Philippine horseshoe bat (
194:Royal Geographical Society
20:Deer Cave (disambiguation)
17:
688:"Garden of Eden, Sarawak"
493:Gunung Mulu National Park
166:Gunung Mulu National Park
54:Gunung Mulu National Park
37:
32:
362:Cantor's roundleaf bat (
344:Bornean horseshoe bat (
1143:Show caves in Malaysia
811:Physical geography of
592:Wilford, G.E. (1964),
565:Yi Chuan, Shi (2010).
389:Diadem roundleaf bat (
365:Hipposideros galeritus
347:Rhinolophus borneensis
271:or the nearby city of
261:
218:
145:
618:Encyclopedia of Caves
419:Cheiromeles torquatus
410:Miniopterus australis
407:Lesser bentwing bat (
383:Hipposideros dyacorum
380:Dayak roundleaf bat (
374:Hipposideros cervinus
259:
216:
677:at Asean-tourism.com
673:27 July 2011 at the
392:Hipposideros diadema
371:Fawn roundleaf bat (
18:For other uses, see
1114:4.1319°N 114.9189°E
1110: /
445:rhinoceros hornbill
647:Mulu Caves Project
573:on 27 October 2018
428:Chaerephon plicata
338:Emballonura alecto
329:Eonycteris spelaea
277:Malaysian Airlines
262:
252:Access and tourism
219:
44:Deer Cave entrance
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
856:
855:
737:The Magic of Mulu
628:978-0-12-383832-2
401:Coelops robinsoni
326:Cave nectar bat (
135:
134:
1155:
1138:Caves of Sarawak
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1119:4.1319; 114.9189
1115:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
865:
824:
820:Coastal features
805:
798:
791:
782:
771:
770:
768:
766:
746:
740:
735:Hall, Leslie S.
733:
727:
725:Mulu Park Batcam
722:
716:
715:
702:
696:
695:
684:
678:
665:
659:
658:
656:
654:
639:
633:
632:
612:
606:
603:
597:
596:
589:
583:
582:
580:
578:
562:
553:
552:
550:
548:
533:
467:freshwater crabs
316:Prince Albert II
209:Geologic history
148:), located near
131:
129:Official website
104:Show cave opened
72:Height variation
42:
25:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1128:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1085:
992:
934:
906:
852:
815:
809:
779:
774:
764:
762:
749:Holthuis, L.B.
748:
747:
743:
734:
730:
723:
719:
704:
703:
699:
692:Wondermondo.com
686:
685:
681:
675:Wayback Machine
666:
662:
652:
650:
641:
640:
636:
629:
614:
613:
609:
604:
600:
591:
590:
586:
576:
574:
564:
563:
556:
546:
544:
543:on 31 July 2018
535:
534:
521:
517:
481:
441:Cervus unicolor
312:
296:Abraham Lincoln
254:
231:tectonic plates
211:
190:
127:
45:
23:
12:
11:
5:
1161:
1159:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
1000:
994:
993:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
944:
942:
936:
935:
933:
932:
927:
922:
916:
914:
908:
907:
905:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
873:
871:
862:
858:
857:
854:
853:
851:
850:
847:Beting Serupai
844:
838:
832:
830:
821:
817:
816:
810:
808:
807:
800:
793:
785:
778:
777:External links
775:
773:
772:
741:
728:
717:
697:
679:
660:
634:
627:
607:
598:
584:
554:
518:
516:
513:
485:Sơn Đoòng cave
480:
477:
462:It hosts also
433:
432:
423:
414:
405:
396:
387:
378:
369:
360:
351:
342:
333:
311:
308:
253:
250:
210:
207:
197:and connected
189:
186:
164:attraction of
133:
132:
125:
121:
120:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
30:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1160:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1126:
1123:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
995:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
945:
943:
941:
937:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
915:
913:
909:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
870:
866:
863:
859:
848:
845:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
831:
829:
825:
822:
818:
814:
806:
801:
799:
794:
792:
787:
786:
783:
776:
760:
756:
752:
745:
742:
738:
732:
729:
726:
721:
718:
713:
712:
707:
701:
698:
693:
689:
683:
680:
676:
672:
669:
664:
661:
648:
644:
638:
635:
630:
624:
620:
619:
611:
608:
602:
599:
595:
588:
585:
572:
568:
561:
559:
555:
542:
538:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
520:
514:
512:
510:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
478:
476:
474:
473:
469:of the genus
468:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
430:
429:
424:
421:
420:
415:
412:
411:
406:
403:
402:
397:
394:
393:
388:
385:
384:
379:
376:
375:
370:
367:
366:
361:
358:
357:
352:
349:
348:
343:
340:
339:
334:
331:
330:
325:
324:
323:
320:
317:
309:
307:
305:
299:
297:
293:
288:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:Kota Kinabalu
265:
258:
251:
249:
247:
243:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
215:
208:
206:
204:
200:
195:
187:
185:
183:
180:by the local
179:
178:
173:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
55:
52:
48:
41:
36:
31:
26:
21:
16:
1095:
891:
763:. Retrieved
758:
754:
744:
731:
720:
711:Planet Earth
709:
705:
700:
691:
682:
663:
651:. Retrieved
646:
637:
617:
610:
601:
593:
587:
575:. Retrieved
571:the original
545:. Retrieved
541:the original
505:
482:
479:Surroundings
470:
461:
440:
434:
426:
417:
408:
399:
390:
381:
372:
363:
354:
345:
336:
327:
321:
313:
300:
289:
285:
266:
263:
239:
220:
191:
176:
175:
170:
169:
137:
136:
15:
1117: /
1105:114°55′08″E
694:. May 2014.
537:"Deer Cave"
464:troglobiont
449:bearded pig
437:sambar deer
416:Naked bat (
292:stalagmites
1132:Categories
887:Clearwater
882:Biocyclone
849:(disputed)
843:(disputed)
653:21 January
605:Tsen, 1993
577:27 October
547:29 October
515:References
503:setting.
501:rainforest
1102:4°07′55″N
1076:Santubong
1066:Pandaruan
1026:Bintangor
988:Santubong
940:Mountains
925:Batu Lawi
920:Batu Buli
897:Good Luck
761:(1): 1–47
509:swiftlets
472:Cerberusa
314:In 2008,
242:limestone
227:limestone
199:Lang Cave
171:Gua Payau
162:show cave
138:Deer Cave
117:Sơn Đoòng
88:Entrances
80:Discovery
28:Deer Cave
1061:Padungan
671:Archived
668:Malaysia
453:sun bear
304:sinkhole
177:Gua Rusa
158:Malaysia
146:Gua Rusa
112:Features
50:Location
33:Gua Rusa
1081:Sarawak
1036:Katibas
1016:Bangkit
953:Benarat
877:Benarat
828:Islands
813:Sarawak
235:erosion
160:, is a
154:Sarawak
124:Website
119:in 2009
58:Sarawak
1071:Rajang
1041:Kemena
1006:Balleh
998:Rivers
983:Rumput
649:. 2009
625:
457:gibbon
455:, and
281:Marudi
223:Borneo
99:public
96:Access
64:Length
1051:Maong
1046:Lupar
1021:Baram
1011:Balui
973:Murud
958:Dulit
930:Pagon
912:Hills
869:Caves
836:Bruit
765:7 May
706:Caves
310:Fauna
246:karst
182:Penan
142:Malay
1031:Igan
978:Pueh
968:Mulu
963:Iran
902:Niah
892:Deer
767:2023
655:2016
623:ISBN
579:2018
549:2018
495:, a
273:Miri
150:Miri
107:1985
83:1961
1056:Oya
948:Api
759:171
487:in
174:or
1134::
757:.
753:.
708:.
690:.
645:.
557:^
522:^
511:.
475:.
451:,
447:,
298:.
275:.
156:,
152:,
144::
56:,
804:e
797:t
790:v
769:.
657:.
631:.
581:.
551:.
439:(
431:)
422:)
413:)
404:)
395:)
386:)
377:)
368:)
359:)
350:)
341:)
332:)
140:(
91:1
22:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
