840:(54 kW) 706 and 95 hp (71 kW) 806 tractors. Until the 88 series, all numbered series tractors followed a simple numbering system. The first 2-3 digits was the horsepower rating, and the last number was the number of cylinders, so a 1486 was rated 148 hp and had a 6 cyl. engine, while the 1468 had 146 hp and a v8 engine. In 1964, IH made its four-millionth tractor, an 806. In 1965, IH introduced its first 100 hp (75 kW) two-wheel-drive tractor, the 1206. Another option became available in 1965 for the 706, 806, and the new 1206: a factory-installed cab (made by Stopler Allen Co.), often called the "ice cream box" due to its shape. It could be equipped with a fan and heater. By 1967, over 100,000 models 706, 806, and 1206 were built. The 276 was also built at this time, becoming popular for smaller farms with tighter lanes and fields due to its lighter weight.
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cooling system which sucked air from above the hood and blew it out the front grille, "Power
Priority" three-pump hydraulic system, color-coded hydraulic lines and controls, and a new rear-hitch system. The 50 Series had an unprecedented three-year or 2,500-hour engine and drive-train warranty, which later became an industry standard. Although no new sales records were set, IH sold a respectable number of these tractors during their short production time. IH also released the "60 series 2+2s" and planned on making the "Super 70 series" 2+2s, but only a handful of these exist today. On May 14, 1985, the last IH tractor rolled off the factory line, a 5488 FWA.
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766:, and M) and the McCormick-Deering "standard series" (W-4, W-6, and W-9). For 1941 the MD model was introduced as the first row crop diesel-powered tractor; over a decade later, IH's largest competitor, John Deere, introduced a diesel option on their row crop models. The letter series tractors were updated to the "super" series in 1953 (with the exception of the A, which had become a "super" in 1947, and the B and BN, which were discontinued in 1948). Many of these tractors (especially the largest, the H, M, and W models) are still in operation on farms today. Especially desirable are the diesel-powered MD, WD-6, and WD-9's.
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the "30 series", which included the 81 hp (60 kW) 3088, the 90 hp (67 kW) 3288, the 112 hp (84 kW) 3488 Hydro, and the 113 hp (84 kW) 3688. These new tractors proved once again that IH was innovative. Designed and styled by IH industrial designer Gregg
Montgomery (Montgomery Design International), the new stylish design of the 50 and 30 series changed the look of tractors from that time forward. IH spent over $ 29 million to develop this new series, and the result was the last great lineup of tractors from International Harvester.
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1140:, in October that year. Powered by a horizontally opposed, air-cooled twin around 15 hp (11 kW), it was a right-hand-drive model popular in rural areas for high ground clearance on the poor roads typical of the era. It featured a rear seat convertible to a carrier bed. The Auto Wagon was renamed the Motor Truck in 1910, and was a forerunner to the successful modern pickup truck. They were called IHC until 1914, when the 'International' name was first applied. The final light line truck was made on May 5, 1975.
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865:"deluxe" cab was now painted red instead of white. Due to horsepower confusions, the 966 and 1066 Hydro models were restriped; the Hydro 100 and the 666 Hydro became the Hydro 70. On February 1, 1974, at 9:00 am, the five-millionth tractor came off the assembly line at the Farmall Plant in Illinois; IH was the first tractor manufacturer to reach that number. Also in 1973, IH officially dropped the "Farmall" name from its tractors, ending a name that had begun with the first Farmall "Regular" in 1924.
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816:, Testing Farm, IH entertained over 12,000 dealers from over 25 countries. The series included the first-of-its-kind six-cylinder 460 and 560 tractors. Unfortunately just a year later, these models were recalled due to final drive component failures. They had not been updated since 1939 and would fail rapidly under the stress of the more powerful 60-series engines. Some customers lost faith in IH and migrated to John Deere's New Generation of Power tractors introduced in 1960.
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Steel's Motor
Assemblies which was formed by the parent truck trailer making company in the mid-1960s to assemble Prince/Nissan Gloria sedans and later also assembled Toyota Corona sedans and other models. Upholstery vinyl was shared with the contemporary Toyota cars. The ACCO became the most popular product of International Harvester in Australia. The ACCO was discontinued in November 2019 and replaced by a locally built European designed ACCO, under the ownership of
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450:, he moved to Chicago in 1847 to be closer to the Midwestern grain fields and founded the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company. The reaper sold well, partially as a result of savvy and innovative business practices. Their products came onto the market just as the development of railroads offered wide distribution to distant territories. He developed a vast support network to demonstrate field operations. McCormick died in 1884 and his company passed to his son,
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161 hp (120 kW) 1586. These tractors had a new cab dubbed the
Control Center that came standard with air conditioning, heat, and several radio-CB options. The driver sat well ahead of the rear axle, and the fuel tank was mounted behind the cab over the rear axle. This improved balance and ride. Also in 1976, the 62 hp (46 kW) 686 along with the "86" series four-wheel-drives were introduced, including the 4186, 4386, 4586, and 4786.
1477:, a short-hood conventional slotted between the Loadstar and the heavier-duty R and V-Line conventionals. While no longer serving as a comprehensive model range, the Loadstar shared its cab with the A-series pickup truck (and its derivatives); as a cowled chassis, the Loadstar was produced for bus use (the IHC Schoolmaster). Sharing only its name with its conventional-cab namesake, the Loadstar CO was a low-cab COE (with a forward-tilting cab).
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Schoolmaster bus chassis) in the Class 5 to Class 8 size ranges. At its 1977 launch, the S-series was introduced to replace the
Fleetstar; lighter-duty models to replace the Loadstar were phased in during 1979. Competing against an extensive segment of the truck industry, the S-Series was produced in multiple layouts, hood lengths, and axle configurations; gasoline and diesel engines were offered.
848:. The "ice cream box" cab was dropped and replaced with a new "custom" cab made by Exel Industries which could be equipped with factory air-conditioning, heat, and an AM radio. Another milestone was the 1970 introduction of the 1026 Hydro, basically a hydrostatic version of the 1256 and at that time the most powerful hydrostatic transmission tractor made in the US with 114 hp (85 kW).
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engines that had ever been fitted to a road-going vehicle at that time, including the
Cummins KTA diesel I6 (1,150 cubic inches) and the Caterpillar 3408 diesel V8 (1,099 cubic inches). On the other end of the size scale, the Cargostar underwent a second update, with a slightly wider cab and a much larger grille (which shares the black trim band of the Transtar COE grille).
729:. This engine would start on gasoline and then switch to diesel. Other diesel engines of this era were difficult to start in cold weather and using gasoline allowed the engine to thoroughly warm up first. In 1935, it was used in the WD-40, becoming the first diesel tractor on wheels in North America (the world's first diesel tractor was Germany's Benz-Sendling BS 6 in 1922).
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1682:, replacing the Transtar II. Sharing only the trapezoidal grille with the previous Transtar II, the CO9670 was designed with a larger cab with improved visibility and improved access (larger windshield, shared doors with the Transtar/Paystar conventional); to increase fuel economy, the Cummins KTA diesel was replaced by a turbocharged Cummins N-series I6.
1599:. Developed as a Class 8 highway tractor, the Transtar 4200/4300 introduced an all-new cab that continued to be used for International heavy-duty trucks through 1999. Competing against a wide range of manufacturers, the Transtar conventional was offered in both short and long-hood configurations for both regional and long-distance shipping.
1111:-driven version was made. The possible applications of Electrall power were many, but few made it to market. IH marketing materials showed a haybaler being Electrall powered. One of the more novel applications of the Electrall was a device to electrocute insects in the field at night (basically like a modern-day
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differentials. The ACCO range were built to order, serving private operators, fire departments, military services, and municipal departments across
Australia and New Zealand. The cabs for NZ assembled Accos were welded, painted, wired, glazed and trimmed, using locally sourced parts and materials, by
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ton trucks available because of the
Vietnam War, the Mk3 was supplemented with further 4×4 production with the updated Mk4 version which shared the cab with the 6×6 variants Production of The Australian No.1. range of trucks were produced until 1973. The Mk3, Mk4, F1, F2 and F5 saw service until the
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pickups. Renamed the
Fleetstar-A, the redesign marked the consolidation of the Fleetstar with the previous R-line and V-line trucks. The largest R-210 and R-230 remained (dropping their R prefix) alongside the newly introduced M-series as the largest International trucks, sharing a common cab (dating
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For 1955 in IH tractors, the numbered "hundred series" was offered. Although given slightly different styling and few new features, they were still updates to the models introduced in 1939. The only new tractor in the 1955 lineup was the 300 Utility. In 1957 power was increased in some models and the
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as its new CEO, who embarked on a strategy to drastically cut costs and improve profit margins. Unprofitable lines were terminated, and factory production was scaled back, resulting in profits reaching their highest levels in ten years by the end of the year, although cash reserves remained low. This
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The association between
International Harvester Australia and the Australian Army developed and in conjunction with the Army Design Establishment of the Australian Commonwealth Department of Supply, designed and constructed a range of trucks for the Australian Army. With the body loosely based upon
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In 1974, the Transtar II COE was introduced, following a redesign of the Transtar. Recognizable by its top-mounted windshield wipers, the Transtar II standardized the previous raised-cab option, as the previous 852-cubic-inch Detroit Diesel 12V71 V12 was replaced by some of the largest-displacement
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In 1967 was the introduction of the bigger and more powerful 56 series tractors as replacements for the popular "06" series. These new models included the 65 hp (48 kW) 656, 76 hp (57 kW) 756, the 101 hp (75 kW) 856, and the 116 hp (87 kW) 1256. The "ice cream
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The market for industrial tractors grew in the 1930s. The TD-40, the first of IH's heavy-equipment crawlers, was suited for a wide range of environments. As demand for construction equipment grew, so did the competition. The diversification of the agricultural tractor range into genuine construction
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line of step (delivery) vans. Starting in 1938 and manufactured through 1975, the Metro series was produced and updated with each iteration of IH's truck lines. Also, special-use variants were sold, such as the Metro Coach (a bus version with windows and passenger seats) and Metro front-end section
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As the 1980s began, IH faced a stable economy, yet an unknown fate. In September 1981, IH announced at a dealership meeting the new "50 Series" of tractors, which included the 136 hp (101 kW) 5088, the 162 hp (121 kW) 5288 and the 187 hp (139 kW) 5488. IH also released
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In September 1976, IH released their 86 series Pro Ag Line. The models included the 80 hp (60 kW) 786, the 90 hp (67 kW) 886, the 101 hp (75 kW) 986, the 104 hp (78 kW) 186 Hydro, the 135 hp (101 kW) 1086, the 146 hp (109 kW) 1486 and the
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The 230 hp (170 kW) 4568 V-8 4WD was introduced in 1975. In 1976, the entire tractor line got a new paint scheme and decal pattern; instead of the side panels being all white with chrome and black decals, they were now all red with a black-striped sticker. This was done to clear inventory
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In 1972, the Paystar 5000 series was introduced, replacing the 210/230 and M-series trucks (which dated to 1952). Developed for severe-service use (primarily construction and related applications), the Paystar shared its cab with the Transtar, but used a heavier-duty chassis, steel fenders, and a
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In the early 1950s contractors worldwide began using motor scrapers as a means of shifting dirt. IH had a hole in its product range; it did not offer a motor scraper product to the market. One of IH's suppliers, a company named Heil Earthmovers, manufactured a range of scrapers called 'Heiliners.'
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IH built up its earthmoving division over a period of time, buying companies and acquiring technology. Its heavy tractor range was an established offering, however IH wanted to offer innovative new construction technology. Significant moves included the purchase of the Frank G Hough company which
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In 1971, IH introduced the 66 series line. The new models included the 85 hp (63 kW) 766, the 101 hp (75 kW) 966, the 125 hp (93 kW) 1066 turbo, the 145 hp (108 kW) 1466 Turbo, and the 145 hp (108 kW) 1468 V-8. The 130 hp (97 kW) 4166 4WD
591:, was appointed as IH's new chairman and CEO. Under Menk's guidance, IH went through a twenty-month reorganization process, and he hired a new management team. Menk also ensured that IH made necessary cutbacks, and it involved the sale of the company's Payline division of construction equipment to
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In 1962, International began to phase out the R-line series of trucks (dating to 1953). In place of a comprehensive model line ranging from half-ton pickup trucks to its largest Class 8 trucks, International introduced two purpose-built model lines for commercial use. Slotted above its Light Line
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Many technology-related innovations were used in the new series. A computer monitoring system (Sentry) was developed, and IH became the first manufacturer to add a computer to a farm tractor. Other innovations included a "Z" shift pattern, an 18-speed synchronized transmission, a forward air-flow
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In 1972, the 666 replaced the long-running 656, the 150 hp (110 kW) 1568 V-8 replaced the 1468, and the 160 hp (120 kW) 1566 and the 163 hp (122 kW) 4366 4WD were introduced. Also later that year, four-post ROPs replaced two-post; the "custom" cab was dropped and the
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IH ranked 33rd among United States corporations in the value of World War II production contracts. Different plants of the corporation produced torpedoes and their components, artillery systems and their parts, artillery shells and some civilian products for the military like bulldozers and truck
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for produce and meat. Later on, IH courted the farmer's wife with kitchen refrigerators available in the latest designer styles. The IH spokeswoman for these products was Irma Harding, a factory trademark. These products were introduced in 1947 and sold for less than 10 years. The refrigeration
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After seeing almost no change since 1974, International ended production of the Cargostar (the final Loadstar-based truck). As the company did not develop a tilt-cab truck derived from the S-series (or a distinct vehicle), International introduced the 400/500/700/900 low-cab COE, produced by
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The original payloader model was literally a tractor which had forks welded to the front. Frank Hough was the man who invented the concept and Hough's company worked closely with IH until it was purchased in 1952. The terminology came to mean any type of front loader machine, and loaders were
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Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, despite good sales, IH's profit margins remained slim. The continual addition of unrelated business lines created a somewhat unwieldy corporate organization. Overly conservative management and a rigid policy of in-house promotion tended to stifle new management
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was introduced, consolidating the Fleetstar and Loadstar into a single model range. While less comprehensive than the product ranges of the 1930s to the 1950s, the S-series product line included medium-duty, heavy-duty, severe-service, and highway trucks (along with a new generation of the
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In 1979 IH introduced two tractors, the 3388 and 3588, known as the 2+2 4WD line. These were built by taking two 1086 rear ends and hooking them together with a transfer case. A year later, the 3788 was introduced. Although these tractors performed well in the field, they never sold well.
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The IH appliance division had originally been developed to manufacture commercial-grade items to farmers, most of whom had just received electricity by way of the many electrification projects in the U.S. before and after World War II. Among the offerings were milk coolers and walk-in
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Throughout the 1960s, IH introduced new tractors and new sales techniques. As producing tractors was the lifeblood of the company, IH would have to remain competitive in this field. They both succeeded and failed at this goal but farming was about to change. In 1963, IH introduced the
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The International Harvester Agricultural Division may have been second to the Truck Division but it was the best-known subsidiary. One of its early products was the Traction Engine, a frame manufactured by Morton Traction Truck Company (later bought by IHC) featuring an IHC engine.
1689:; while the short-hood Transtar was discontinued (overlapped by the S2200 and S2300 Class 8 tractors), the long-hood 4300 was renamed the International 9370. Sharing its cab with the Transtar, the 9370 was restyled with a larger grille and vertically stacked quad headlamps.
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International Harvester Máquinas S.A. was established with Brazilian government support as part of a project to develop a vehicle industry there. Their first product was the International S-184 heavy truck. In 1966 Chrysler purchased International's Brazilian plant.
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International Harvester was an early manufacturer of medium- and heavy-duty trucks. Although based upon truck chassis, IH also became the leading manufacturer of the chassis portion of body-on-chassis conventional (type C) school buses. In 1962, IH offered the
1167:. 'A' stands for anniversary. With light modifications to its appearance, but more serious changes under the shell (and a number of new names), this design continued in production until replaced by the 1100D in late 1969, which looked very similar to the
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Concurrently, IHC purchased a number of smaller competitors. Parlin & Orendorff (P&O Plow) and Chattanooga Plow were purchased in 1919. Other brand names they incorporated include Keystone, D.M. Osborne, Kemp, Meadows, Sterling, Weber, Plano, and
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Ton General Service, Australian No.1 Mk1. which was followed by the Mk2 prototype. A variant with a midmounted, 20,000-lb winch, resulted in the first production model, the Mk3 entering service in 1963 – just in time for Australia's entry into the
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back to 1952). The Transtar name made its first appearance, as the CO-4000 was replaced by the Transtar CO4070/4090; while visually similar to its predecessor, the Transtar CO was designed with an all-new cab (to accommodate larger diesel engines).
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Given its monumental importance to the building of rural communities the brand continues to have a massive cult following. The International Harvester legacy non-profits host some of the largest agriculture related events in the United States.
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With the truck and engine divisions remaining following the 1985 sale of the agricultural division, International Harvester Company changed their corporate name to Navistar International in 1986. Today, Navistar International's subsidiary,
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in Racine, Wisconsin. Production of IH Axial-Flow combines continued at the East Moline, Illinois, factory. The Memphis Works plant was closed. The truck and engine divisions remained and in 1986, Harvester changed the corporate name to
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and three smaller manufacturers: Milwaukee; Plano; and Warder, Bushnell, and Glessner (manufacturers of Champion brand). Its brands included McCormick, Deering, and later McCormick-Deering, as well as International. Along with the
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Produced as a cowled chassis (Schoolmaster), straight truck, or semitractor, the S-Series was produced from 1977 to 2004, making it the longest-ever production run for the company (as either International Harvester or Navistar).
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In 1970, International split the CO Loadstar into its own product line, dubbed the Cargostar. As part of a model update, the Cargostar received a larger grille and wider cab than its predecessor. Competing directly against the
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In 1961, the DCO-400 "Emeryville" model line was expanded with a conventional; officially named the D-400, the model line shared its cab with the COE and was the first International conventional produced with a tilting hood.
1136:. IH made light trucks from 1907 to 1975, beginning with the Model A Auto Wagon (sometimes called the "Auto Buggy"). Production commenced in February 1907 at IH's McCormick Works in Chicago, although production was moved to
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From 1902 to the early 1920s, the McCormick and Deering dealerships kept their original branding with Mogul tractors sold by McCormick and Titan tractors at Deering due to the still-present competitiveness of the former
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on a tractor chassis, fitted with friction drive (one speed forward, one reverse). Between 1911 and 1914, 862 were built. These tractors had varied success but the trend going into the mid-1910s was toward "small" and
1442:, manufactures and markets trucks and engines under the International brand name. From 1983 to 2010, Ford Motor Company offered International V8 diesel engines in heavy-duty pickup trucks, vans, and SUVs (using the
481:, one of the Morgan executives who Cyrus McCormick described as the "most brilliant negotiator he had ever known." The new company was valued at $ 150 million. In 1919, IH bought the Parlin and Orendorff factory in
516:. By 1930, the 100,000th Farmall was produced. IH next set their sights on introducing a true 'general-purpose' tractor to satisfy the needs of the average American family farmer. The resulting 'letter' series of
611:, having sold the International Harvester name to Tenneco. Navistar International Corporation continues to manufacture medium- and heavy-duty trucks, school buses, and engines under the International brand name.
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strategy led to growing dissatisfaction among union members. In anticipation of labor disputes, IH braced for a strike. On November 1, 1979, just as the company announced a $ 1.8 million bonus for McCardell, the
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1317:. A three-door version was available starting in 1957, and a four-door version was available starting in 1961. The 1961 Travelette four-door (crewcab) was the first six-passenger, four-door truck of its time.
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generator connected with electric cables to the device to be powered. The generator could even power a household. A 10 kW Electrall generator was an option on the Farmall 400 tractor, and a 12.5 kW
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box" cab was still an option. In 1969 IH introduced the 1456 Turbo at 131 hp (98 kW). Also that year, the 91 hp (68 kW) 826 was introduced with the option of gearshift or hydrostatic
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275:) was an American manufacturer of agricultural and construction equipment, automobiles, commercial trucks, lawn and garden products, household equipment, and more. It was formed from the 1902 merger of
473:—manufacturers of Champion brand) merged to create the International Harvester Company. The most important motivation for the merger was elimination of competition in order to increase profits. Banker
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IH would sell 38,000 TD-18 series tractors between 1938 and 1958. The TD-18 would be replaced by an upgraded TD-18A in 1949 and 181/182 variants in 1955. In 1958 the TD-20 crawler was introduced.
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IH also purchased attachments for the tractor range from Isaacson, including logging arches and dozer blades. Carrying on with its expansion IH purchased Isaacson's attachments division in 1952.
784:, but the Cub also sold to owners of larger farms needing a second tractor. Production of the Cub commenced at the newly acquired and updated Farmall Works-Louisville plant (formerly the wartime
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The Australian designed and built International Australian A-line Cab Over (AACO) was first produced in the late 1960s and later in 1972 the Australian C-line Cab Over (ACCO) . The ACCO is a
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flat-panel hood. The medium-duty Loadstar received an optional tilting hood with a larger grille and straighter-edge fenders (updating its appearance for the first time in 10 years).
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strategies and technical innovation. IH faced strong competition and increased production costs, primarily due to labor and government-imposed environmental and safety regulations.
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In 1965, International introduced the CO-4000, the first heavy-duty COE designed entirely by the company, replacing the DCO-400 "Emeryville" COE (which sourced its cab design from
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Rather than spend money on R&D and enter the market at a later date, in 1953 IH bought Heil's road machinery division, incorporating a range of motor and towed scrapers.
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1078:. Amongst a variety of attachment solutions Bucyrus-Erie made a range of cable and hydraulically operated blades which fitted International-Harvester track type tractors.
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vehicle nameplates. In the 1980s all divisions were sold off except for International Trucks, which changed its parent company name to Navistar International (NYSE: NAV).
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The Electrall system was introduced in 1954; it was a short-lived attempt to market electrically operated farm equipment and accessories. The system, co-developed with
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Following years of financial and economic decline, International began selling its separate equipment divisions, starting with the sale of the construction division to
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Following the introduction of Farmall, several similarly styled "F Series" models were introduced while the original design continued to be produced as the "Regular."
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776:. With a 60-cu. in., four-cylinder engine and a 69-inch wheelbase, the Cub was aimed at small farms which had previously relied on horse-drawn equipment. Like the
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IH produced a range of large gasoline-powered farm tractors under the Mogul and Titan brands. Sold by McCormick dealers, the Type C Mogul was little more than a
1999:, the refrigerator in Monica's apartment is a circa 1950 International Harvester. Several close-ups can be seen in Season 8, Episode 17, "TOW The Tea Leaves."
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In 1959, International Harvester created a jet turbine-powered tractor called the International HT-341. It was donated to the Smithsonian Institution in 1967.
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and 2.5-ton M-5H-6 trucks for the US Navy and Marines in 1942, and around 3,500 2.5 ton M-5-6-318 cargo trucks provided mostly to the Soviet Union and China.
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1018:, elevators, feed grinders, hammer mills, hay conditioners, milking machines, planters, mills, discs, plows, baler twine, and other miscellaneous equipment.
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May 19, 1980; Friedman, Raymond A. "Interaction Norms as Carriers of Organizational Culture: A Study of Labor Negotiations at International Harvester".
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with the US-designed AS series trucks in the early 1950s. The AS164 4x2 used as a tractor unit and the 4x2 AS161 used as a trayback troop transport
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threatened the profitability of this project, International Harvester withdrew in 1982. In return for being allowed to escape all conditions of the
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called a strike the following day. The protracted strike eventually cost the company almost $ 600 million, equivalent to $ 2.5 billion in 2023.
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and Travelall were discontinued in 1975, the Scout Traveler and Terra became available, both with a longer wheelbase than a standard Scout II.
485:, a leader in plow manufacturing, renaming it Canton Works. International Harvester was one of the main clients of Product Miniature Company.
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A five-ton 6×6 version was to follow with three major variants the Truck Cargo 5 Ton with winch F1 which replaced the Mk3 in Vietnam service.
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The F2 a tipper version that replaced the International Harvester AB160 "teaspoon Tipper" in both Vietnam and Borneo theatres of operations.
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IH manufactured light, medium, and heavy vehicles for military use. Examples include a Metro van sold to the Czechoslovakian Army in 1938,
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1484:). In a design feature that would be adopted by International COEs into the 1990s, the cab was designed with a large trapezoidal grille.
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For 1969, International introduced the final version of the Emeryville model line, with the DC-400 Transtar 400 replacing the D-400.
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were the 10-20 and 15-30 models. Introduced in 1915, they were primarily used as traction engines to pull plows and for belt work on
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IH is often remembered as a maker of relatively successful and innovative "light" lines of vehicles, competing directly against the
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1592:, the Cargostar was a medium-duty truck fitted with a choice of gasoline or diesel engine (shared with the Loadstar conventional).
861:(ROPs) or two different cabs, the "custom" and the "deluxe". Both could be equipped with air conditioning, heat, and AM-FM radios.
792:). Selling for $ 545 in 1947, the Cub proved extremely popular and its design continued largely unchanged mechanically until 1979.
520:-designed Farmall tractors in 1939 proved a huge success. IH dominated the market through the 1950s despite stiff competition from
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manufactured in a number of varieties, included wheeled and track loaders, rear wheel loaders or an articulated steering design.
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By 1981, IH's finances were at their lowest point ever, and investors had lost faith in the company and its management. In 1982,
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2803:
2793:
The mid-mount Electrall unit installs on the Super M-TA, Super W-6TA, 400, 450 and 560 tractors equipped with the I-PTO option.
1770:
1488:
1333:
780:, one of the "mechanization-resistant" markets it hoped to penetrate was the small one-mule family farms of the rural American
1557:
1027:
produced an iconic machine called a PayLoader, and the purchase of French company Yumbo, which produced hydraulic excavators.
2117:
858:
31:
3336:
Shapiro, Helen (Winter 1991). "Determinants of Firm Entry into the Brazilian Automobile Manufacturing Industry, 1956–1968".
2472:
1179:
and chassis for full commercial customization. Additional variants were based on the medium-duty engine and chassis lines.
1144:
459:
1147:
trucks in the mid-1940s. They were simpler and sturdier than other trucks released in that era. This was followed by the
3720:
2895:
1669:
1253:
742:
to revamp its product line and logo. In 1938 the first such model was the TD-65 heavy tractor, later renamed the TD-18.
588:
469:, along with three smaller agricultural equipment firms (Milwaukee Harvesting Machine Co., Plano Manufacturing Co., and
39:
4156:
3977:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3692:
2361:
1958:
1269:
909:
857:
was also introduced. The 966 and 1066 were available with Hydro or gearshift transmissions and the choice of two-post
777:
707:
3464:
548:
tractors. It acquired the Metropolitan Body Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut, in 1948. The commercially successful
1917:
Although best known for farm equipment, IH produced home appliances for farmers and nonfarmers alike. This included
3752:
978:
Along with its prominent tractor division, IH also sold several different types of farm-related equipment, such as
418:
3912:
3635:
2333:
2076:
466:
3972:
3919:
1679:
1443:
1306:
845:
559:
was purchased. In 1974, the five-millionth IHC tractor, a 1066, was produced at the Rock Island Farmall plant.
478:
138:
133:
3570:
2766:
2780:
2615:
1081:
IH purchased the blades range from Bucyrus-Erie in the 1950s and absorbed these into its machinery division.
769:
The letter and standard series of tractors was produced until 1954 and was a defining product in IH history.
2689:
2306:
2160:
1828:
type truck and has been offered in 4x2, 4x4, 6x2, 6x4, 8x4, and 10x4 configurations. Engines used have been
1459:
1388:
1298:
446:, which he field-demonstrated in 1831 and for which he received a patent in 1834. Together with his brother
2963:"The International Trail: Volume 32, number 2, 1962 :: McCormick - International Harvester Collection"
876:
In 1977, International Harvester introduced the first Axial-Flow rotary combine. This machine, produced at
4141:
3849:
2192:
Kramer, Helen M. (1964). "Harvesters and High Finance: Formation of the International Harvester Company".
1614:
1578:
1574:
1548:
1508:
1470:
1455:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1148:
608:
359:
181:
167:
2937:
2710:
1879:
1761:
International Harvester Australia, a subsidiary of the US manufacturer, had a long relationship with the
1417:
were manufactured using IHC engines and bare chassis. Most of the bodies were constructed of fiberglass.
4116:
3987:
1987:
1582:
1342:
916:, IH lost their up-front investment in the engine plant and ended up selling British truck manufacturer
877:
829:
682:
513:
1182:
IH abandoned sales of passenger vehicles in 1980 to concentrate on commercial trucks and school buses.
430:
406:
2962:
1595:
1971 marked the end of the "Emeryville" product lines, as the DC-400 Transtar 400 was replaced by the
812:
In July 1958, IH launched a major campaign to introduce a new line of tractors, the 60 series. At the
4161:
3671:
1849:
789:
541:
451:
447:
439:
387:
242:
1697:(UD). The first imported vehicle marketed by the company, the 400-900 was marketed through 1991.
4171:
4166:
3465:"Engines of the Red Army in WW2 – International M-5-6x4-318 with BM-13-16 Katiusha rocket launcher"
2319:
2299:
2112:
1974:
1909:
1853:
1349:
1321:
1168:
1103:
711:
A 1937 McCormick-Deering Farmall F-12 tractor on display at the Cole Land Transportation Museum in
577:
398:
293:
2031:. Also produced were compost shredders, rotary tillers, Cadet garden tractors, and power washers.
1748:
1185:
The Scout and Light Truck parts business was sold to Scout/Light Line Distributors, Inc. in 1991.
3992:
3982:
3676:
3361:
3353:
2749:
2209:
2068:
2064:
1934:
1686:
1673:
1596:
1302:
1160:
1011:
813:
693:
592:
470:
347:
327:
88:
1074:
IH International had a supply agreement for its heavy tractor attachments with a company called
938:
IH over the years used a number of brand names to market their tractor and harvesting products:
828:
The originally British-built International B275 model still in production in India and built by
598:
Following the merger, tractor production at Farmall Works ceased in 1985. Production of the new
1933:. IH had a refrigeration division of its own, as did other vehicle manufacturers of the time:
1473:
was a medium-duty conventional-cab truck. For 1963, International introduced the heavier-duty
54:
4136:
3842:
3533:
3519:
3502:
3395:
3046:
3040:
2652:
2595:
2567:
2443:
2419:
2367:
2174:
2164:
2157:
18 Tiny Deaths: The Untold Story of Frances Glessner Lee and the Invention of Modern Forensics
1159:(a name re-used later for IH's larger medium-duty trucks) in 1955. In 1957, to celebrate IH's
991:
987:
674:
654:
3322:
3879:
3345:
2471:
2201:
1926:
1845:
1314:
1093:
701:
640:
603:
572:
482:
455:
367:
335:
3296:
2865:
2272:
928:
383:
3903:
3779:
3666:
3661:
3651:
2097:
1962:
1841:
1833:
1762:
1310:
1042:
1007:
917:
824:
726:
529:
521:
252:
128:
17:
2235:
303:
1950:
1913:
Postcard of an IH dealer in Texas, showing trucks, tractors and refrigeration equipment
1837:
1108:
785:
661:
556:
525:
343:
232:
3565:
2735:
2675:
2547:
2385:
4050:
3795:
3656:
3365:
1918:
1589:
1003:
913:
759:
739:
722:
712:
584:
517:
502:
498:
3439:
2345:
2132:
2107:
2035:
1990:
in 1955. Since the duration of production was short, IH appliances are rare today.
1922:
1202:
1133:
1075:
999:
474:
308:
65:
2015:
loader, made two years before the line was sold to the Modern Tool and Die Company
1610:
For 1976, International launched its "Eagle" flagship brand, used into the 2010s.
908:. After a downturn in the market coupled to problems with Spain's entry into the
552:
line of forward control vans and trucks were produced here from 1938 until 1964.
2102:
2028:
2019:
IH branched out into the home lawn and garden business in 1961 with its line of
1789:
1137:
1100:
1015:
773:
545:
362:
in 1986. Throughout its existence International Harvester was headquartered in
247:
2736:"International-Harvester's 2T-55 & 2T-75 PayScrapers - Contractor Magazine"
2526:
2007:
738:
equipment whetted appetites for further expansion. In 1937 IH engaged designer
3951:
3937:
3773:
3747:
3585:
3007:"Flashback Friday: profiling International Harvester's rich history in trucks"
2178:
2075:, and from 1953 to 1956 IH produced 337,623 rifles in total, according to the
2052:
2024:
1970:
1966:
1954:
1143:
Following the early success with the Auto Buggy, International released their
1112:
1031:
983:
837:
781:
533:
438:
The roots of International Harvester run to the 1830s, when Virginia inventor
314:
69:
3516:
Farmall Tractors: History of International McCormick-Deering Farmall Tractors
2899:
2371:
497:
1939 advertisement for the International "Jungle Yacht" tractor-trailer, for
3580:
2020:
2012:
1694:
1481:
1414:
763:
297:
289:
2416:
The Turnaround Experience: Real-World Lessons in Revitalizing Corporations.
358:
became solely a truck and engine manufacturer and brand and reorganized as
3590:
3472:
3865:
3222:
3112:
3090:
2870:(Source: Wisconsin Historical Society - International Harvester Archives)
2690:"Classic Machines: The International 560 payloader - Contractor Magazine"
2072:
1982:
1942:
1930:
1825:
1487:
In 1968, International redesigned the Fleetstar, adopting the cab of the
644:
An International Harvester Type A tractor, manufactured from 1908 to 1913
351:
208:
3266:
3156:
3134:
2406:
Loomis, Carol J. "The Strike That Rained on Archie McCardell's Parade."
2366:. No. 59. Australia: Jarrah Media Group. May 2020. pp. 18–24.
1332:
axles, power steering, and power disc brakes became standard. After the
3697:
3357:
2213:
1995:
1946:
1829:
1329:
957:
697:
689:
670:
599:
509:
423:
411:
363:
339:
331:
285:
204:
186:
3244:
3200:
3178:
1773:, the first prototype built in 1959 was the International Truck Cargo
772:
In 1947, the smallest tractor in the Farmall line was introduced, the
3898:
3893:
3875:
2898:. Rimbey, Alberta, Canada: Pas-ka-poo Historical Park. Archived from
1938:
443:
391:
237:
3349:
2205:
1430:
which became the premier medium-duty truck. In 1978, IH offered the
880:, was the first generation of over 30 years of Axial-Flow combines.
544:, which was adapted for production of the Farmall A, B, and the new
1685:
For 1985, the Transtar conventional was reintroduced, becoming the
1324:, first introduced in 1961, is a small, two-door SUV, similar to a
422:
1925 International Model 63 Street-Washing Truck on display at the
4035:
3530:
The American Reaper: Harvesting Networks and Technology, 1830-1910
2006:
1908:
1858:
1747:
995:
979:
927:
901:
823:
762:
created the styling for the Farmall "letter series" (A, B, BN, C,
749:
692:, a smaller general-purpose tractor, to fend off competition from
660:
639:
628:
McCormick-Deering 15–30 on the fields of the Ukrainian SSR in 1930
623:
429:
417:
405:
397:
382:
35:
3561:
The Binder Planet: all IH light trucks technical resource website
3550:
1325:
1097:
1030:
Between 1956 and 1982 IH developed and sold a range of off-road
3838:
3594:
3560:
2868:. International Harvester. 1961 – via Hansen Web Design.
402:
1900 ad for McCormick farm machines—"Your boy can operate them"
2514:
1070:
Attachments: blades, buckets, rippers and compaction equipment
3555:
3518:(Farm Tractor Color History Series, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI),
677:. The 10-20 and 15-30 had similar Mogul and Titan versions.
334:
to sell the farm equipment division to Tenneco's subsidiary
3834:
1045:. In 1974 IH renamed this division the 'Payline' division.
370:
agreed to fully purchase the remaining shares of Navistar.
1041:
International manufactured and sold an extensive range of
454:, whose antipathy toward organized labor helped spark the
4072:
Agricultural machinery manufacturers of the United States
3514:
Pripps, Robert N.; Morland, Andrew (photographer) (1993)
3392:"Wisconsin Historical Society Frequently Asked Questions"
2866:"Press Release - International Harvester History: Trucks"
410:
1921 International Harvester Model 101 on display at the
4087:
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
3576:
Old International Harvester Truck Special Interest Group
920:(which had belonged to IH since 1974) to Enasa in 1983.
665:
A 1911 one-cylinder 25 hp (19 kW) Type C Mogul
477:
provided the financing. The architect of the merger was
3289:"Defence Materiel Organisation - On Target August 2006"
2896:"Smithson International Truck Museum: Truck Collection"
1328:. In 1972, the Scout became the Scout II, and in 1974,
4132:
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1985
4031:
McCormick-International Harvester Company Branch House
3824:
McCormick-International Harvester Company Branch House
2670:
2668:
1163:
as a truck manufacturer, this was replaced by the new
595:. Further assets were sold to Tenneco, Inc., in 1984.
465:
In 1902, the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and
4102:
Former components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
3575:
3501:(2nd ed.), Minneapolis: Victory WW2 Publishing,
2781:"Forgotten companies: Isaacson - Contractor Magazine"
2303:
The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis
434:
Advertisement for the 1940 International Tanker Truck
3042:
International Harvester Trucks: The Complete History
2629:
Kennett, Pat (September 1982). "Intertruck: Spain".
1973:
had the Franklin Appliance Company, and Crosley had
1174:
Corresponding with the truck "letter lines" was the
4127:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1902
4008:
3960:
3930:
3886:
3788:
3766:
3685:
3644:
3628:
3418:"Farmall Cub • View topic – Bought a 182 Cub Cadet"
2676:"Forgotten companies – Hough - Contractor Magazine"
330:in 1982. In November 1984 IH finalized a deal with
225:
215:
200:
174:
162:
147:
121:
103:
75:
61:
900:In the late 1970s, IH entered a deal with Spain's
4112:Home appliance manufacturers of the United States
2925:. Sept/Oct, Nov/Dec, Jan/Feb. 27 & 28: 34–36.
2750:"Forgotten companies: Heil - Contractor Magazine"
2023:equipment, which included riding and walk-behind
1297:One of the company's light-duty vehicles was the
4092:Defunct truck manufacturers of the United States
3968:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines
3804:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines
2433:
2431:
2320:"International Harvester in World War Two /WWII"
2123:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines
540:engines. In 1946 IH acquired a defense plant in
3223:"The Army InterChapter – AB160 Teaspoon Tipper"
700:tractors. Farmall was a leader in the emerging
292:tractors, International was also known for the
4077:Defunct bus manufacturers of the United States
3566:McCormick – International Harvester Collection
2071:contracted International Harvester to produce
1535:1960-1971 210 in service as tow truck (export)
3850:
3606:
2761:
2759:
2259:Right-hand Man: The Life of George W. Perkins
1421:Commercial trucks (Truck and Engine Division)
8:
2767:"The IH TD-24 tractor - Contractor Magazine"
2642:
2640:
2585:
2583:
2497:
2495:
2473:"Louis Menk, Railroad Executive, Dies at 81"
2334:"1948 International Harvester Annual Report"
587:, who was a former president and CEO of the
47:
3586:1970s International 4030 Yard Crane Tractor
2921:Carlsom, B Mitchell. "The Timeless Metro".
2860:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2414:18:1 (April 1989); Zimmerman, Frederick M.
4147:Tractor manufacturers of the United States
3857:
3843:
3835:
3613:
3599:
3591:
2592:International Harvester Tractors 1955–1985
2527:"A History of John Deere Model R Tractors"
2386:"Navistar International: Information from"
1440:International Truck and Engine Corporation
46:
4026:International Harvester strike of 1979–80
4021:International Harvester Company Warehouse
3819:International Harvester strike of 1979–80
3814:International Harvester Company Warehouse
2261:. Westport: Greenwood Press. p. 142.
4152:Truck manufacturers of the United States
4122:Manufacturing companies based in Chicago
4000:List of International Harvester vehicles
3809:List of International Harvester vehicles
2651:. Lola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications.
2128:List of International Harvester vehicles
706:
492:
346:. The European division exists today as
313:
302:
3344:(4, The Automobile Industry): 876–947.
3005:Charles Anderson says (June 21, 2019).
2883:Saskatchewan Western Development Museum
2442:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing.
2336:. International Harvester Company. 1949
2144:
1863:
1699:
1624:
1497:
1434:, which replaced the Loadstar in 1979.
1403:1975 International Travelall Custom 150
1338:
1275:1965 International D1000 Travelette 4x4
1187:
924:Brand names of the agriculture division
571:In 1977, International Harvester named
442:perfected his version of a horse-drawn
3394:. Wisconsinhistory.org. Archived from
3039:Foster, Patrick (September 30, 2015).
2594:. Osceola, Wisconsin: MBI Publishing.
1678:In 1981, International introduced the
1301:, which was similar in concept to the
3034:
3032:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2470:Saxon, Wolfgang (November 27, 1999).
2465:
2463:
2461:
2459:
253:Construction and industrial equipment
7:
2936:Donnelly, Jim (September 23, 2018).
2649:150 Years of International Harvester
2412:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography.
2150:
2148:
501:luxury scientific expedition in the
277:McCormick Harvesting Machine Company
82:McCormick Harvesting Machine Company
4097:Emergency services equipment makers
4082:Defunct companies based in Illinois
3440:"2 1/2-ton, 6x6 Trucks of WW II P2"
2440:Farmall Eight Decades of Innovation
1231:1927 International one-ton stakebed
1151:in 1949, which was replaced by the
1034:, which were known commercially as
4067:1985 disestablishments in Illinois
3738:International Harvester Travelette
3728:International Harvester Auto-Buggy
1801:The F5 wrecker with a lack of 4×4
1218:International Harvester Auto-Buggy
1199:International Harvester Auto Wagon
990:(self-propelled and pull behind),
609:Navistar International Corporation
30:For the song by Craig Morgan, see
25:
3758:International Harvester Payhauler
3733:International Harvester Travelall
3321:. Iveco Australia. Archived from
3293:Department of Defence (Australia)
3245:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.5, F5"
3201:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.5, F2"
3179:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.5, F1"
2938:"An Emeryville With a Difference"
1733:1985-1988 9370 Eagle (front view)
1171:which was already in production.
904:to build diesel engines there as
869:for the forthcoming Pro Ag Line.
778:various John Deere L/LA/LI models
721:In 1932, IH produced their first
4057:International Harvester vehicles
3571:International Harvester tractors
3113:"The Army Inter Chapter – AS161"
3091:"The Army Inter Chapter – AR164"
2563:The Big Book of Farmall Tractors
2362:Vintage Trucks & Commercials
1878:
1866:
1726:
1714:
1702:
1651:
1646:Late 1970s Paystar 5000 (export)
1639:
1627:
1556:
1540:
1528:
1516:
1500:
1432:International Harvester S-Series
1428:International Harvester Loadstar
1396:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1341:
1280:
1268:
1252:
1236:
1224:
1210:
1190:
725:for the McCormick-Deering TD-40
192:McCormick Tractors International
53:
4062:1902 establishments in Illinois
2885:, where the car was on display.
2515:Cole Land Transportation Museum
2034:The Cub Cadet line was sold to
1771:Canadian Military Pattern truck
859:roll over protection structures
426:Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa.
414:Trucking Museum, Walcott, Iowa.
265:International Harvester Company
48:International Harvester Company
3556:International Harvester Digest
3497:Crismon, Frederick W. (2002),
2118:"International Harvester" song
1885:NZFS 1969 C1800 Butterbox ACCO
746:The letter and standard series
669:The company's first important
471:Warder, Bushnell, and Glessner
89:Warder, Bushnell, and Glessner
32:International Harvester (song)
27:American manufacturing company
1:
3551:International Harvester Forum
3267:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.4"
3157:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.3"
3135:"The Army Inter – No.1, Mk.1"
2804:"Brief Life of the Electrall"
2418:New York: McGraw–Hill, 1991.
2277:. Hearst Magazines. June 1941
1309:was a crew cab, available in
951:McCormick–Deering (1922–1947)
390:patented an early mechanical
338:, and the brand continues as
3721:International Harvester 1066
3077:
3065:
2967:content.wisconsinhistory.org
1769:the design of cab 13 of the
1709:Early 1980s S1900 dump truck
796:230 Utility was introduced.
589:Burlington Northern Railroad
3978:International Harvester IDI
3716:International Harvester 660
3711:International Harvester 650
3706:International Harvester 600
3693:Case IH axial-flow combines
3338:The Business History Review
2704:"Yumbo Hydraulic Excavator"
2438:Leffingwell, Randy (2005).
1959:Nash-Kelvinator Corporation
1375:1979 International Scout II
974:Other agricultural products
910:European Economic Community
512:Works built a new plant in
307:International 660 in rural
4188:
3753:M425 and 426 tractor truck
3743:McCormick-Deering W series
3378:
1752:1953 International Utility
1667:
1658:1974-1980 Transtar II COE
1572:
1453:
1115:, but on a larger scale).
1096:, consisted of a 208
688:In 1924 IH introduced the
29:
3913:MWM International Motores
3872:
3636:Deering Harvester Company
3528:Winder, Gordon M. (2016)
2257:Garraty, John A. (1960).
2228:"International Harvester"
1721:1984 International CO9670
1687:International 9000 series
1155:in 1952, followed by the
942:International (1902–1985)
933:McCormick Deering tractor
800:Heavy tractors: the 1950s
467:Deering Harvester Company
318:A 1954 IH Farmall Super C
281:Deering Harvester Company
85:Deering Harvester Company
52:
18:Deering Harvester Company
3973:Ford Power Stroke engine
3702:International Harvester
2647:Wendel, Charles (2004).
2590:Updike, Kenneth (2000).
2232:Antique Farming web site
2155:Goldfarb, Bruce (2020).
2077:Army Ordnance Department
1363:1973 International Scout
906:Internacional de Motores
139:George Walbridge Perkins
134:Cyrus Hall McCormick Jr.
4107:Fulton County, Illinois
4016:International Harvester
3622:International Harvester
2839:(14): 711. July 7, 1954
2307:Harvard Business School
2194:Business History Review
1993:On the American sitcom
1757:Australian Army designs
1507:Late 1960s-early 1970s
1460:International Fleetstar
1389:International Travelall
1287:1975 International 150
1132:. The most common were
109:; 122 years ago
40:Träd, Gräs & Stenar
2833:Ag and Food Newsletter
2829:"Insect Electrocution"
2359:"Across the Pacific".
2016:
1914:
1753:
1615:International S-series
1579:International S series
1575:International Transtar
1456:International Loadstar
1293:Sport-utility vehicles
935:
832:
830:Mahindra and Mahindra
755:
715:
666:
645:
629:
615:Divisions and products
505:
435:
427:
415:
403:
395:
360:Navistar International
319:
311:
182:Navistar International
168:Navistar International
3988:Navistar T444E engine
3475:on September 24, 2015
2159:. Waterville, Maine:
2010:
1988:Whirlpool Corporation
1986:division was sold to
1912:
1751:
1739:Overseas subsidiaries
1583:International Paystar
1563:1965-1968 CO-4000 COE
1523:1960s Loadstar CO1700
966:Electrall (1954–1956)
954:McCormick (1947–1958)
931:
878:East Moline, Illinois
827:
758:For model year 1939,
754:A McCormick Farmall H
753:
710:
664:
643:
627:
514:Rock Island, Illinois
496:
433:
421:
409:
401:
386:
317:
306:
3672:Leander J. McCormick
3499:International Trucks
3398:on November 19, 2012
2618:. September 5, 2016.
2300:Scherer, Frederic M.
1891:Brazilian subsidiary
1848:with Road-Ranger or
1670:International CO9000
1634:1970-1973 Cargostar
1022:Earthmoving division
790:Louisville, Kentucky
788:Aircraft factory in
620:Agriculture Division
542:Louisville, Kentucky
462:as a labor holiday.
452:Cyrus McCormick, Jr.
448:Leander J. McCormick
440:Cyrus Hall McCormick
388:Cyrus Hall McCormick
342:, which is owned by
243:Household appliances
3767:Former subsidiaries
2716:on November 6, 2015
2113:International Scout
2063:In early 1951, the
1469:pickup trucks, the
1350:International Scout
1104:alternating-current
963:Fairway (1924–1938)
578:United Auto Workers
267:(often abbreviated
107:March 22, 1902
49:
4157:Brass Era vehicles
3993:Navistar VT engine
3983:Navistar DT engine
3938:Blue Diamond Truck
3677:Benjamin H. Warder
2738:. August 25, 2017.
2616:"International TD"
2566:. Voyageur Press.
2478:The New York Times
2069:Springfield Armory
2065:United States Army
2017:
1921:equipment such as
1915:
1873:International ACCO
1852:transmissions and
1754:
1674:International 9000
1597:Transtar 4200/4300
1446:name after 1994).
1334:Light Line pickups
1303:Chevrolet Suburban
1161:golden anniversary
992:stationary engines
936:
833:
814:Hinsdale, Illinois
756:
716:
694:Ford Motor Company
675:threshing machines
667:
649:The early tractors
646:
630:
602:tractors moved to
593:Dresser Industries
506:
436:
428:
416:
404:
396:
348:McCormick Tractors
328:Dresser Industries
320:
312:
34:. For the Swedish
4044:
4043:
3948:
3945:Mahindra Navistar
3941:
3923:
3916:
3907:
3832:
3831:
3524:978-0-87938-763-1
3508:978-0-9700567-2-6
3299:on March 21, 2012
3052:978-1-62788-817-2
3017:on August 1, 2020
2769:. March 29, 2016.
2752:. March 23, 2016.
2692:. March 24, 2016.
2658:978-0-87349-928-6
2601:978-0-7603-0682-6
2449:978-0-7603-2136-2
2274:Popular Mechanics
2238:on March 19, 2016
1124:Light duty trucks
998:, combine heads,
948:Mogul (1911–1924)
945:Titan (1910–1924)
655:stationary engine
489:Sustained success
479:George W. Perkins
364:Chicago, Illinois
261:
260:
238:Vocational trucks
16:(Redirected from
4179:
4009:Related articles
3947:
3940:
3922:
3915:
3906:
3880:Volkswagen Group
3874:A subsidiary of
3859:
3852:
3845:
3836:
3789:Related articles
3615:
3608:
3601:
3592:
3511:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3471:. Archived from
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3420:. Farmallcub.com
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3325:on May 13, 2014.
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3295:. Archived from
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3036:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3013:. Archived from
3002:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2902:on March 1, 2012
2892:
2886:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2862:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2783:. June 25, 2023.
2777:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2709:. Archived from
2708:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2678:. March 9, 2015.
2672:
2663:
2662:
2644:
2635:
2634:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2550:. March 4, 2015.
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2523:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2499:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2475:
2467:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2426:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2310:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2234:. Archived from
2224:
2218:
2217:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2152:
1927:air conditioners
1882:
1870:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1655:
1643:
1631:
1560:
1544:
1532:
1520:
1504:
1400:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1345:
1315:four-wheel drive
1284:
1272:
1256:
1240:
1228:
1214:
1194:
1094:General Electric
1008:manure spreaders
808:60 Series recall
702:row-crop tractor
573:Archie McCardell
483:Canton, Illinois
458:, the origin of
456:Haymarket affair
350:and is owned by
336:Case Corporation
158:
156:
117:
115:
110:
57:
50:
21:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4004:
3956:
3926:
3904:Ward Body Works
3882:
3868:
3863:
3833:
3828:
3784:
3780:Seddon Atkinson
3762:
3681:
3667:Cyrus McCormick
3662:William Deering
3652:Charles Deering
3640:
3624:
3619:
3547:
3509:
3496:
3493:
3491:Further reading
3488:
3478:
3476:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3423:
3421:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3377:
3373:
3350:10.2307/3117267
3335:
3334:
3330:
3319:"ACCO turns 40"
3317:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3300:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3076:
3072:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3038:
3037:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3004:
3003:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2881:Placard at the
2880:
2876:
2864:
2863:
2852:
2842:
2840:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2810:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2788:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2602:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2513:
2509:
2500:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2469:
2468:
2457:
2450:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2405:
2401:
2391:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2339:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2296:Peck, Merton J.
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2241:
2239:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2206:10.2307/3112159
2191:
2190:
2186:
2171:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2098:Farmall tractor
2093:
2085:
2061:
2049:
2044:
2005:
2003:Lawn and garden
1963:American Motors
1907:
1905:Home appliances
1902:
1893:
1886:
1883:
1874:
1871:
1826:cab over engine
1822:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1763:Australian Army
1759:
1746:
1741:
1734:
1731:
1722:
1719:
1710:
1707:
1676:
1668:Main articles:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1647:
1644:
1635:
1632:
1585:
1573:Main articles:
1571:
1564:
1561:
1552:
1545:
1536:
1533:
1524:
1521:
1512:
1505:
1462:
1454:Main articles:
1452:
1423:
1411:
1404:
1401:
1392:
1385:
1376:
1373:
1364:
1361:
1352:
1346:
1295:
1288:
1285:
1276:
1273:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1241:
1232:
1229:
1220:
1215:
1206:
1195:
1145:K and KB series
1126:
1121:
1090:
1072:
1060:
1051:
1043:heavy equipment
1024:
976:
969:Cub (1947–1985)
926:
918:Seddon Atkinson
890:
854:
822:
810:
802:
748:
735:
651:
622:
617:
569:
530:Massey Ferguson
499:Attilio Gatti's
491:
381:
376:
257:
218:
196:
154:
152:
143:
129:Charles Deering
113:
111:
108:
99:
68:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4185:
4183:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4049:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4012:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3942:
3934:
3932:
3931:Joint ventures
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3901:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3878:, part of the
3873:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3839:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3545:External links
3543:
3542:
3541:
3526:
3512:
3507:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3456:
3444:Olive-drab.com
3431:
3409:
3383:
3371:
3328:
3310:
3280:
3258:
3236:
3214:
3192:
3170:
3148:
3126:
3104:
3082:
3070:
3058:
3051:
3045:. Motorbooks.
3028:
2980:
2969:. pp. 3–5
2954:
2928:
2913:
2887:
2874:
2850:
2820:
2795:
2786:
2772:
2755:
2741:
2727:
2695:
2681:
2664:
2657:
2636:
2621:
2607:
2600:
2579:
2572:
2553:
2539:
2518:
2507:
2491:
2455:
2448:
2427:
2399:
2377:
2351:
2325:
2311:
2288:
2264:
2249:
2219:
2200:(3): 283–301.
2184:
2169:
2163:. p. 19.
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2060:
2057:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2042:Other products
2040:
2004:
2001:
1951:General Motors
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1865:
1838:Detroit Diesel
1821:
1818:
1758:
1755:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1701:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1626:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1555:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1515:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1451:
1448:
1422:
1419:
1413:In the 1970s,
1410:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1355:
1353:
1347:
1340:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1267:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1209:
1207:
1196:
1189:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1089:
1086:
1071:
1068:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1023:
1020:
1004:cotton pickers
975:
972:
971:
970:
967:
964:
961:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
925:
922:
889:
886:
853:
850:
821:
818:
809:
806:
801:
798:
786:Curtiss-Wright
747:
744:
734:
733:Heavy tractors
731:
650:
647:
621:
618:
616:
613:
568:
565:
557:Pacific Trucks
526:Allis Chalmers
508:In 1926, IH's
490:
487:
380:
377:
375:
372:
259:
258:
256:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
233:Farm machinery
229:
227:
223:
222:
219:
216:
213:
212:
202:
198:
197:
195:
194:
189:
184:
178:
176:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
149:
145:
144:
142:
141:
136:
131:
125:
123:
119:
118:
105:
101:
100:
98:
97:
94:
91:
86:
83:
79:
77:
73:
72:
63:
59:
58:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4184:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4142:Pickup trucks
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3855:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:James Deering
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3616:
3611:
3609:
3604:
3602:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3539:
3538:9781317045151
3535:
3531:
3527:
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2424:0-07-072899-2
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2392:September 29,
2388:. Answers.com
2387:
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2014:
2009:
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1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1923:refrigerators
1920:
1919:refrigeration
1911:
1904:
1900:Home products
1899:
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1675:
1671:
1663:
1654:
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1637:
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1619:
1616:
1613:In 1977, the
1611:
1608:
1604:
1600:
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1590:Ford C-Series
1584:
1580:
1576:
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1247:series pickup
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1134:pickup trucks
1131:
1123:
1119:Road vehicles
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1019:
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1010:, hay rakes,
1009:
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1000:corn shellers
997:
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767:
765:
761:
760:Raymond Loewy
752:
745:
743:
741:
740:Raymond Loewy
732:
730:
728:
724:
723:diesel engine
719:
714:
713:Bangor, Maine
709:
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586:
585:Louis W. Menk
581:
579:
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566:
564:
560:
558:
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547:
543:
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535:
531:
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518:Raymond Loewy
515:
511:
504:
503:Belgian Congo
500:
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353:
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333:
329:
324:
316:
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305:
301:
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60:
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41:
37:
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4117:Iveco trucks
4015:
3920:Monaco Coach
3887:Subsidiaries
3796:
3629:Subsidiaries
3621:
3532:(Routledge,
3529:
3515:
3498:
3477:. Retrieved
3473:the original
3468:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3443:
3434:
3422:. Retrieved
3412:
3400:. Retrieved
3396:the original
3386:
3374:
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3323:the original
3313:
3301:. Retrieved
3297:the original
3283:
3271:. Retrieved
3261:
3249:. Retrieved
3239:
3227:. Retrieved
3217:
3205:. Retrieved
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3173:
3161:. Retrieved
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3129:
3117:. Retrieved
3107:
3095:. Retrieved
3085:
3073:
3061:
3041:
3021:February 10,
3019:. Retrieved
3015:the original
3011:FreightWaves
3010:
2973:February 10,
2971:. Retrieved
2966:
2957:
2947:February 10,
2945:. Retrieved
2941:
2931:
2922:
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:the original
2890:
2877:
2869:
2843:November 27,
2841:. Retrieved
2836:
2832:
2823:
2811:. Retrieved
2808:Octane Press
2807:
2798:
2789:
2775:
2744:
2730:
2720:December 10,
2718:. Retrieved
2711:the original
2698:
2684:
2648:
2630:
2624:
2610:
2591:
2562:
2556:
2542:
2530:. Retrieved
2521:
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2484:February 26,
2482:. Retrieved
2480:. p. 13
2477:
2439:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2390:. Retrieved
2380:
2360:
2354:
2346:Google Books
2344:– via
2338:. Retrieved
2328:
2314:
2302:
2291:
2279:. Retrieved
2273:
2267:
2258:
2252:
2242:November 20,
2240:. Retrieved
2236:the original
2231:
2222:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2156:
2133:Lee Klancher
2108:High wheeler
2086:
2067:through the
2062:
2050:
2036:MTD Products
2033:
2029:snow blowers
2018:
1994:
1992:
1979:
1916:
1894:
1823:
1816:late 1980s.
1800:
1797:
1794:
1767:
1760:
1691:
1684:
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1620:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1601:
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1586:
1551:400 (export)
1494:
1486:
1479:
1467:
1463:
1444:Power Stroke
1436:
1424:
1412:
1319:
1296:
1203:High wheeler
1184:
1181:
1173:
1142:
1127:
1091:
1083:
1080:
1076:Bucyrus-Erie
1073:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1040:
1029:
1025:
1016:disk harrows
1012:crop dusters
977:
937:
905:
899:
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891:
882:
875:
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475:J. P. Morgan
464:
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325:
321:
309:Saskatchewan
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
262:
201:Headquarters
66:Agricultural
44:
4162:Highwheeler
2532:November 2,
2501:Placard at
2161:Sourcebooks
2103:Farmall Cub
2053:M5 tractors
2025:lawn mowers
1844:, Neuss or
1834:Caterpillar
1790:Vietnam War
1138:Akron, Ohio
1101:three-phase
1058:PayScrapers
1036:'PayHaulers
1032:dump trucks
984:cultivators
960:(1924–1973)
248:Automobiles
217:Area served
170:Corporation
166:Renamed as
76:Predecessor
4172:1910s cars
4167:1900s cars
4051:Categories
3952:NC2 Global
3748:M5 tractor
2906:August 26,
2340:August 12,
2179:1096529139
2140:References
1971:Studebaker
1967:Kelvinator
1961:(and then
1955:Frigidaire
1547:1969-1971
1489:Light Line
1415:motorhomes
1409:Motorhomes
1307:Travelette
1113:bug zapper
1049:Payloaders
782:Deep South
534:John Deere
368:Volkswagen
366:. In 2020
354:of Italy.
114:1902-03-22
70:Automotive
38:band, see
3366:153363903
2923:Red Power
2813:August 4,
2372:1838-0492
2073:M1 rifles
2038:in 1981.
2021:Cub Cadet
2013:Cub Cadet
1744:Australia
1482:Diamond T
1475:Fleetstar
1348:Red 1961
1299:Travelall
1130:Big Three
1088:Electrall
604:J.I. Case
555:In 1970,
298:Travelall
290:Cub Cadet
221:Worldwide
175:Successor
93:Milwaukee
4137:Navistar
3961:Products
3866:Navistar
3686:Products
3479:March 9,
3449:March 9,
3381:, p. 935
3080:, p. 495
3068:, p. 485
2942:Hemmings
2408:Fortune.
2364:Magazine
2281:March 9,
2091:See also
1983:freezers
1943:Chrysler
1931:freezers
1854:Rockwell
1549:Transtar
1509:Loadstar
1471:Loadstar
1261:A series
1157:S series
1153:R series
1149:L series
988:combines
836:73
704:segment.
683:Champion
671:tractors
658:"cheap".
567:Downfall
379:Founding
352:ARGO SpA
226:Products
209:Illinois
122:Founders
62:Industry
3797:Furthur
3698:Farmall
3469:O5m6.de
3379:Shapiro
3358:3117267
3269:. REMLR
3247:. REMLR
3225:. REMLR
3203:. REMLR
3181:. REMLR
3159:. REMLR
3137:. REMLR
3115:. REMLR
3093:. REMLR
3078:Crismon
3066:Crismon
2548:"TD-18"
2305:(1962)
2214:3112159
2059:Weapons
2047:Defense
2011:A 1979
1996:Friends
1975:Crosley
1947:Airtemp
1850:Allison
1842:Perkins
1830:Cummins
1810:⁄
1782:⁄
1330:Dana 44
958:Farmall
727:crawler
698:Fordson
690:Farmall
637:rivals.
600:Case IH
510:Farmall
460:May Day
424:Iowa 80
412:Iowa 80
374:History
340:Case IH
332:Tenneco
286:Farmall
205:Chicago
187:Case IH
153: (
148:Defunct
112: (
104:Founded
3899:AmTran
3894:IC Bus
3876:Traton
3645:People
3581:Trucks
3536:
3522:
3505:
3364:
3356:
3049:
2655:
2598:
2570:
2446:
2422:
2370:
2298:&
2212:
2177:
2167:
2083:HT-341
1965:) had
1939:Philco
1929:, and
1680:CO9670
1581:, and
1305:. The
1263:pickup
1165:A line
996:wagons
980:balers
444:reaper
392:reaper
211:, U.S.
4036:Modec
3776:(33%)
3362:S2CID
3354:JSTOR
2714:(PDF)
2707:(PDF)
2633:: 27.
2631:TRUCK
2309:p.619
2210:JSTOR
1859:Iveco
1664:1980s
1569:1970s
1450:1960s
1391:1100C
1387:1968
1322:Scout
1259:1957
1243:1954
1197:1911
1176:Metro
1169:Scout
902:Enasa
888:1980s
852:1970s
820:1960s
550:Metro
294:Scout
96:Plano
36:progg
3534:ISBN
3520:ISBN
3503:ISBN
3481:2016
3451:2016
3426:2012
3404:2012
3305:2012
3275:2012
3253:2012
3231:2012
3209:2012
3187:2012
3165:2012
3143:2012
3121:2012
3099:2012
3047:ISBN
3023:2020
2975:2020
2949:2020
2908:2011
2845:2008
2815:2023
2722:2019
2653:ISBN
2596:ISBN
2568:ISBN
2534:2007
2486:2024
2444:ISBN
2420:ISBN
2394:2012
2368:ISSN
2342:2012
2283:2016
2244:2016
2175:OCLC
2165:ISBN
2027:and
1953:had
1945:had
1937:had
1935:Ford
1820:ACCO
1672:and
1511:1700
1458:and
1326:Jeep
1320:The
1311:two-
1245:R110
532:and
522:Ford
296:and
288:and
279:and
263:The
163:Fate
155:1985
151:1985
3799:bus
3774:DAF
3346:doi
2503:WDM
2202:doi
1846:GMC
1313:or
1109:PTO
1038:'.
774:Cub
696:'s
546:340
344:CNH
271:or
4053::
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2208:.
2198:38
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2173:.
2147:^
2079:.
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1969:,
1957:,
1949:,
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