368:, would have delayed deportation of slightly less than half of the 11 million people in the United States who are undocumented. More than 10 million people in the United States reside in a household with at least one adult who would have been eligible for DAPA, with two thirds of those adults having lived in the United States for 10 years or more. Over half of undocumented residents eligible for the President's delayed deportation live in
206:, would have delayed deportation of slightly less than half of the 11 million undocumented people in the United States. More than 10 million people in the United States reside in a household with at least one adult who would have been eligible for DAPA, with two thirds of those adults having lived in the United States for 10 years or more. Over half of the undocumented population eligible for the President's delayed deportation live in
316:
attempted to prolong consideration of the case until the next
October term but the Supreme Court only granted him an eight-day extension to file his opposition brief. The Justice Department further hastened the case by waiving its right to file a reply brief. On January 19, 2016 the Supreme Court
324:
On June 23, 2016, the
Supreme Court announced it had deadlocked 4–4 in a decision that read, in its entirety, "The judgement is affirmed by an equally divided court." The ruling set no precedent and simply leaves in place the lower court's preliminary injunction blocking the program. Although
265:
to stay the district court's injunction pending appeal. On May 26, 2015, the administration's motion for a stay was denied by a three member motions panel with one dissent, meaning that the government could not implement DAPA until the Fifth
Circuit ruled on the appeal of the injunction order
1034:
325:
initially believed that the case could reach the
Supreme Court again after Judge Hanen has held a trial, such hopes were dashed by President Trump's rescission of the DACA memo and the subsequent voluntary dismissal by Plaintiffs in the underlying district court action.
1257:
State of Texas, et al. v. United States of
America, et al., Civil Action No. 1:14-cv-254 , 2017 WL 5476770 (S.D. Tex.) ("Given these memoranda rescinding the DAPA program and phasing out the DACA and Expanded DACA programs, Plaintiffs file this stipulation of voluntary
1118:
170:
Over the next eight months the Obama
Administration went through sixty iterations of different possible executive actions. Finally, on November 20, 2014, President Obama delivered a primetime televised address to the nation announcing DAPA. The
2211:
137:
879:
438:
2181:
2196:
1985:
386:
A 2016 study of the impact of DACA on labor market outcomes for immigrants found that if the same effects apply to DAPA as DACA, then DAPA could potentially move over 250,000 unauthorized immigrants into employment.
555:
1681:
798:
Exercising
Prosecutorial Discretion with Respect to Individuals Who Came to the United States as Children and with Respect to Certain Individuals Who Are the Parents of U.S. Citizens or Permanent Residents
239:
1921:
1676:
749:
1001:
2471:
2052:
1386:
2099:
904:
1747:
1691:
1483:
1686:
383:
The program was challenged in federal court by 26 states. Of the 3.6 million undocumented parents eligible for DAPA, 2.2 million reside in states that did not join the lawsuit.
2416:
1350:
258:
110:
1891:
780:
2555:
2540:
2124:
1834:
2160:
1707:
266:
itself. That ruling came on
November 9, 2015, with a three-member panel of the Fifth Circuit affirming the district court's preliminary injunction, with one dissent.
531:
2421:
2037:
1649:
1644:
1379:
1271:
795:
1866:
1846:
1630:
940:
60:
960:
2201:
2191:
286:
750:"The Dep't of Homeland Sec.'s Auth. to Prioritize Removal of Certain Aliens Unlawfully Present in the U.S. and to Defer Removal of Others, 38 Op. O.L.C. 14"
2396:
2057:
109:
and federal statutes. A temporary injunction was issued on
February 16, 2015, blocking the program from going into effect while the lawsuit proceeds. The
2431:
2186:
2089:
1829:
1661:
756:
722:"In an address to the nation, President Obama lays out the executive action he's taking to fix our nation's broken immigration system, November 20, 2014"
1174:
1372:
781:
Memorandum from Jeh
Charles Johnson, Sec'y, Dep't of Homeland Sec., to Thomas S. Winkowski, Acting Dir., U.S. Immigration and Customs Enf't, et al.,
2411:
2129:
1871:
1423:
188:
851:
617:
317:
agreed to review the case. The Court took the unusual step of asking for briefing on the new constitutional question of whether DAPA violates the
1901:
1639:
1635:
825:
102:
2104:
1201:
915:
2550:
2072:
1896:
1732:
427:
365:
203:
91:
2279:
796:
Memorandum from Jeh Charles Johnson, Sec'y, Dep't of Homeland Sec., to LeĂłn RodrĂguez, Dir., U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Servs. et al.,
337:
estimated that about 3.7 million unauthorized immigrants in the United States are potentially eligible for DAPA, around 766,000 in just five
2109:
75:
from going into effect. Deferred action would not be legal status but would come with a three-year renewable work permit and exemption from
2274:
1609:
90:
steps including increased resources for border enforcement, new procedures for high-skilled immigrants, and an expansion of the existing
1945:
1772:
1712:
479:
196:
68:
17:
1886:
114:
1347:
2047:
106:
1272:"MPI Releases Detailed Data Profiles of Unauthorized Immigrants and Estimates of Deferred Action Populations for Top U.S. Counties"
2244:
2134:
1767:
1544:
1395:
433:
64:
2155:
2150:
269:
The divided circuit court affirmed the preliminary injunction and ordered the case back to the district court for trial. Judge
2254:
2015:
1953:
1797:
1473:
1092:
290:
1157:
2406:
1969:
1911:
666:"President Obama delivers remarks on border security and immigration reform from the White House Rose Garden (June 30, 2014)"
342:
2545:
2456:
2340:
2206:
2062:
1929:
312:
On November 10, 2015, the Justice Department announced it would ask the Supreme Court to reverse. Texas Attorney General
251:
229:
588:
281:
because of the cost of issuing drivers licenses to undocumented residents, and that President Obama's order violated the
1906:
1839:
1717:
1360:
Decision of the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeal affirming preliminary injunction against implementation of executive order
1787:
983:
133:
1142:
2476:
2466:
2451:
2345:
2330:
2226:
1782:
1539:
1488:
1468:
1452:
1448:
1444:
961:"Deferred Action, Supervised Enforcement Discretion, and the Rule of Law Basis for Executive Action on Immigration"
334:
1232:
2216:
1809:
1584:
346:
155:
announced that House Republicans had enough votes to pass the bill. However, the next day House Majority Leader
1579:
2518:
2446:
2269:
1819:
1792:
1727:
1478:
1295:"The effects of DACAmentation: The impact of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals on unauthorized immigrants"
302:
163:
announced that he would not bring the bill to a vote. That same day, President Obama delivered remarks in the
2264:
1671:
1666:
1589:
1574:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1534:
1513:
1498:
1015:
172:
164:
402:
Had been physically present in the United States on November 20, 2014 (the date the program was announced),
242:
asking the court to enjoin implementation of both DAPA and the DACA expansion. On February 16, 2015, Judge
2512:
1937:
911:
338:
191:
to make undocumented individuals without criminal histories the lowest priority for removal, and to grant
72:
708:
1999:
1742:
1737:
1503:
358:
274:
31:
1364:
1341:
504:
2391:
2361:
2335:
2325:
2320:
2310:
2067:
2042:
414:
Had not been convicted of a felony, significant misdemeanor, or three or more other misdemeanors, and
354:
350:
121:
1614:
2300:
2007:
1777:
1564:
1428:
560:
458:
298:
148:
replied "until Congress passes a new law, then I am constrained in terms of what I am able to do."
1063:
692:
2305:
2094:
1876:
509:
417:
Had not "otherwise pose a threat to national security or be an enforcement priority for removal".
87:
52:
1359:
984:"House Democrats Encourage Representatives To Keep Holding Events On Obama Immigration Actions"
603:
2461:
2436:
2315:
2295:
2119:
1962:
1824:
643:
270:
176:
2426:
2401:
2077:
1508:
1493:
1306:
483:
377:
318:
215:
1002:
Obama administration won't seek emergency stay from Supreme Court on immigration injunction
167:
promising to "fix as much of our immigration system as I can on my own, without Congress."
2441:
2366:
1594:
1354:
826:"Supreme Court's Decision on Immigration Case Affects Millions of Unauthorized Immigrants"
294:
243:
192:
180:
140:
in the Senate. When pressed to take unilateral executive action to limit deportations on
56:
905:"Texas et. al. v. United States et. al.: Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief"
411:
Had, as of November 20, 2014, a child who is a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident,
1233:"Split Court Stifles Obama on Immigration: A 9-Word Ruling Erases a Shield for Millions"
2491:
2481:
2249:
1977:
1604:
278:
257:
The Obama Administration appealed the order for a preliminary injunction and asked the
152:
309:, and that there had been "no justification" for the circuit court's delay in ruling.
2534:
2371:
1992:
480:"Obama immigration plan, the details: border security, deferred action, new programs"
49:
2496:
2259:
1599:
1259:
160:
145:
83:
1310:
175:
advised that the program was constitutional, finding it was similar to President
2212:
Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013
1722:
1656:
1016:"Executive Action on Immigration and the Judicial Artifice of "Lawful Presence""
709:
Adam B. Cox & Cristina M. RodrĂguez, The President and Immigration Law Redux
306:
262:
184:
156:
76:
63:
who have lived in the United States since 2010 and have children who are either
783:
Policies for the Apprehension, Detention and Removal of Undocumented Immigrants
395:
If DAPA had been implemented, a person would have been eligible if the person:
234:
On December 3, 2014, Texas and 25 other states, all with Republican governors,
2486:
721:
665:
439:
History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States
405:
Had been physically present in the United States when applying to the program,
369:
313:
282:
247:
207:
98:
2221:
2176:
1569:
1518:
1202:"In Immigration Case, Supreme Court Takes an Interest in 'Take Care' Clause"
141:
27:
Planned United States immigration policy for certain undocumented immigrants
1682:
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) (1996)
1324:
852:"Obama's immigration action blocked again; Supreme Court only option left"
399:
Had lived in the United States without interruption since January 1, 2010,
79:. DAPA was a presidential executive action, not a law passed by Congress.
2114:
2082:
1814:
1804:
696:
117:
4–4 split decision on June 23, 2016 effectively left the block in place.
693:
Anna Palmer, Seung Min Kim & Carrie Budoff Brown, How Obama Got Here
556:"Kelly revokes Obama order shielding immigrant parents of U.S. citizens"
856:
726:
670:
235:
38:
Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents
18:
Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents
2472:
National Korean American Service & Education Consortium (NAKASEC)
1880:
1692:
American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act (ACWIA) (1998)
1687:
Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act (NACARA) (1997)
195:
to undocumented immigrants who are the parents of a U.S. citizens or
1294:
1064:"Obama's immigration executive actions are up to the Supreme Court"
1677:
Immigration and Nationality Technical Corrections Act (INTCA) 1994
373:
211:
618:"Obama Pushed 'Fullest Extent' of His Powers on Immigration Plan"
1748:
Ending Discriminatory Bans on Entry to The United States (2021)
1368:
1708:
American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act (AC21) (2000)
82:
The program was announced on November 20, 2014 by President
1327:. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. 15 April 2015.
1348:
A Guide to the Immigration Accountability Executive Action
1093:"A Ruling Against the Obama Administration on Immigration"
461:. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. 15 April 2015
408:
Had lacked lawful immigration status on November 20, 2014,
1160:
States want wider immigration review, if Court takes case
1035:"Appeals Court Deals Blow to Obama's Immigration Plans"
941:"After Judge's Ruling Obama Delays Immigration Actions"
250:
blocking the DAPA program from going into effect while
878:
David Montgomery and Julia Preston (3 December 2014).
616:
Shear, Michael D.; Preston, Julia (29 November 2016).
505:"Obama, Daring Congress, Acts to Overhaul Immigration"
1713:
Legal Immigration Family Equity Act (LIFE Act) (2000)
2417:
Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles
259:
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
105:
on December 3, 2014, arguing that DAPA violates the
2505:
2380:
2354:
2288:
2235:
2169:
2143:
2026:
1920:
1855:
1760:
1700:
1623:
1527:
1461:
1437:
1416:
1403:
1119:"Obama appeals immigration ruling to Supreme Court"
824:Park, Haeyoun; Parlapiano, Alicia (23 June 2016).
159:lost his primary election, so on June 30, Speaker
1175:"Justices to Hear State Challenge on Immigration"
240:District Court for the Southern District of Texas
2161:United States Border Patrol interior checkpoints
1231:Liptak, Adam; Shear, Michael D. (24 June 2016).
1145:States get a bit more time for immigration reply
591:The Supreme Court, 2015 Term – Comment: Gridlock
2422:Coalition for Comprehensive Immigration Reform
2100:List of people deported from the United States
277:agreed with the district court that Texas has
1847:Trump administration family separation policy
1380:
8:
1897:Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
1226:
1224:
1222:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
364:The President's program, when combined with
289:. The majority made a new finding that the
202:The President's program, when combined with
187:then released two memorandums directing the
124:announced the rescission of the DAPA order.
2397:California Coalition for Immigration Reform
646:. PBS Television broadcast October 20, 2015
46:Deferred Action for Parental Accountability
30:"DAPA" redirects here. For other uses, see
2432:Federation for American Immigration Reform
1413:
1387:
1373:
1365:
2207:Uniting American Families Act (2000–2013)
2202:Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2007
2192:Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2006
2135:Unaccompanied minors from Central America
1892:U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
1662:Immigration Reform and Control Act (1986)
2556:Illegal immigration to the United States
2541:2014 establishments in the United States
2412:Center for Migration Studies of New York
1555:Immigration Act 1917 (Asian Barred Zone)
1424:Nationality law in the American Colonies
1274:. Migration Policy Institute. 2015-01-15
534:. Migration Policy Institute. 2016-06-29
189:U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
2346:"Faithful Patriot" (2018–present)
1902:Executive Office for Immigration Review
1117:Shear, Michael D. (November 10, 2015).
1086:
1084:
912:Office of the Attorney General of Texas
450:
183:" program. Homeland Security Secretary
2362:California DREAM Act (2006–2010)
1181:. No. 20 January 2016, section A1
1163:, SCOTUSblog (Dec. 29, 2015, 6:37 PM).
1057:
1055:
1033:Shear, Michael D. (November 9, 2015).
850:Zargham, Mohammad (November 9, 2015).
584:
582:
580:
578:
550:
548:
428:Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
366:Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
204:Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
92:Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
1610:Alien Fiancées and Fiancés Act (1946)
1342:2014 Executive Actions on Immigration
1148:, SCOTUSblog (Dec. 1, 2015, 5:22 PM).
138:comprehensive immigration reform bill
7:
2331:"Return to Sender" (2006–2007)
1636:Immigration and Nationality Act 1952
132:On June 27, 2013, the U.S. Senate's
113:affirmed on November 9, 2015, and a
2017:Department of State v. Muñoz (2024)
1987:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
1872:Immigration and Customs Enforcement
1474:Act to Encourage Immigration (1864)
2105:Mexico–United States border crisis
1887:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
1325:"Executive Actions on Immigration"
1200:Palazzolo, Joe (19 January 2016).
982:Foley, Elise (February 19, 2015),
755:. November 9, 2014. Archived from
459:"Executive Actions on Immigration"
25:
2326:"Streamline" (2005–present)
2048:Central American migrant caravans
1595:Bracero Program (1942–1964)
914:. 3 December 2014. Archived from
2110:Mexico–United States border wall
1585:Filipino Repatriation Act (1935)
1396:Immigration to the United States
1173:Liptak, Adam (19 January 2016).
1004:, Washington Post, May 27, 2015.
880:"17 states suing on immigration"
711:, 125 Yale L.J. 104, 155 (2015).
434:Immigration to the United States
1867:Department of Homeland Security
1091:Ford, Matt (10 November 2015).
1062:Lind, Dara (10 November 2015).
644:"Frontline: Immigration Battle"
594:, 130 Harv. L. Rev. 241 (2016).
291:Immigration and Nationality Act
2407:Center for Immigration Studies
2336:"Jump Start" (2006–2008)
2321:"Front Line" (2004–2005)
1971:Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
1912:Office of Refugee Resettlement
1667:American Homecoming Act (1989)
111:Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals
1:
2551:United States immigration law
2457:Minuteman Civil Defense Corps
2301:"Peter Pan" (1960–1962)
2063:Eugenics in the United States
1311:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.08.014
1014:Kalhan, Anil (June 3, 2015).
230:United States v. Texas (2016)
2125:Illegal immigrant population
1907:Board of Immigration Appeals
1743:Executive Order 13780 (2017)
1738:Executive Order 13769 (2017)
1631:UN Refugee Convention (1951)
1545:Gentlemen's Agreement (1907)
287:Administrative Procedure Act
151:On June 9, 2014, House Whip
2341:"Phalanx" (2010–2016)
2316:"Endgame" (2003–2012)
2187:McCain–Kennedy (2005)
2177:DREAM Act (2001–2010)
2156:Canada–United States border
2151:Mexico–United States border
1718:H-1B Visa Reform Act (2004)
1580:Tydings–McDuffie Act (1934)
1299:Journal of Public Economics
532:"Supreme Court Dapa Ruling"
101:filed lawsuits against the
2572:
2477:Negative Population Growth
2467:National Immigration Forum
2452:Migration Policy Institute
2227:US Citizenship Act of 2021
1783:Temporary protected status
1565:Emergency Quota Act (1921)
335:Migration Policy Institute
227:
69:lawful permanent residents
29:
1810:Security Advisory Opinion
965:UCLA Law Review Discourse
333:On January 15, 2015, the
293:"flatly does not permit"
197:lawful permanent resident
144:in March 2014, President
86:, along with a number of
2519:Missing in Brooks County
2447:Mexicans Without Borders
1947:US v. Bhagat Singh Thind
1820:National Origins Formula
1504:Chinese Exclusion (1882)
1479:Civil Rights Act of 1866
303:prosecutorial discretion
301:dissented, arguing that
1798:Central American Minors
1728:Secure Fence Act (2006)
1590:Nationality Act of 1940
1540:Naturalization Act 1906
1514:Immigration Act of 1891
1499:Immigration Act of 1882
1489:Naturalization Act 1870
1469:Naturalization Law 1802
1445:Naturalization Act 1790
1293:Pope, Nolan G. (2016).
1239:. pp. A1, Column 1
1206:The Wall Street Journal
173:Office of Legal Counsel
165:White House Rose Garden
61:undocumented immigrants
2513:Borderland (TV series)
2367:Arizona SB 1070 (2010)
1840:Unaccompanied children
1615:Luce–Celler Act (1946)
1405:Relevant colonial era,
223:United States v. Texas
120:On June 15, 2017, the
2090:Immigration reduction
2001:Niz-Chavez v. Garland
1605:War Brides Act (1945)
1484:14th Amendment (1868)
959:Kalhan, Anil (2015).
606:, 113th Cong. (2013).
275:Jennifer Walker Elrod
246:issued a preliminary
32:Dapa (disambiguation)
2546:2014 in American law
2392:Arizona Border Recon
2372:Alabama HB 56 (2011)
2236:Immigration stations
2170:Proposed legislation
2068:Guest worker program
2043:Brooks County, Texas
1955:US v. Brignoni-Ponce
1672:Immigration Act 1990
1575:Immigration Act 1924
1560:Immigration Act 1918
1550:Immigration Act 1907
1535:Immigration Act 1903
1260:See Stipulation here
762:on November 20, 2014
329:Analysis and studies
285:requirements of the
122:Trump administration
44:), sometimes called
2311:"Gatekeeper" (1994)
2238:and points of entry
2130:Reverse immigration
2009:Sanchez v. Mayorkas
1922:Supreme Court cases
1778:Visa Waiver Program
1773:Permanent residence
1600:Magnuson Act (1943)
1429:Plantation Act 1740
988:The Huffington Post
947:, February 18, 2015
561:The Washington Post
305:makes the case non-
299:Carolyn Dineen King
2095:Immigration reform
1931:US v. Wong Kim Ark
1877:U.S. Border Patrol
1793:Green Card Lottery
1761:Visas and policies
1723:Real ID Act (2005)
1657:Refugee Act (1980)
1409:international laws
1398:and related topics
1353:2015-02-24 at the
1237:The New York Times
1179:The New York Times
1123:The New York Times
1039:The New York Times
945:The New York Times
884:The New York Times
830:The New York Times
622:The New York Times
510:The New York Times
273:, joined by Judge
115:U.S. Supreme Court
103:federal government
88:immigration reform
59:status to certain
53:immigration policy
2528:
2527:
2462:Minuteman Project
2437:Improve The Dream
2355:State legislation
2306:"Babylift" (1975)
2280:Washington Avenue
2275:Sullivan's Island
2197:STRIVE Act (2007)
2120:March for America
2073:Human trafficking
1963:Zadvydas v. Davis
1825:Expedited removal
1756:
1755:
1407:United States and
1000:Nakamura, David.
730:. The White House
674:. The White House
271:Jerry Edwin Smith
177:George H. W. Bush
65:American citizens
16:(Redirected from
2563:
2427:Community Change
2402:CASA of Maryland
2382:Non-governmental
2296:"Wetback" (1954)
2222:RAISE Act (2017)
2182:H.R. 4437 (2005)
1570:Cable Act (1922)
1519:Geary Act (1892)
1509:Scott Act (1888)
1414:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1366:
1329:
1328:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1268:
1262:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1228:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1170:
1164:
1158:Lyle Denniston,
1155:
1149:
1143:Lyle Denniston,
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1011:
1005:
998:
992:
990:
979:
973:
972:
956:
950:
948:
937:
931:
930:
928:
926:
920:
909:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
847:
841:
840:
838:
836:
821:
802:
801:(Nov. 20, 2014).
793:
787:
786:(Nov. 20, 2014).
778:
772:
771:
769:
767:
761:
754:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
718:
712:
706:
700:
699:(Nov. 20, 2014).
690:
684:
683:
681:
679:
662:
656:
655:
653:
651:
640:
634:
633:
631:
629:
613:
607:
601:
595:
586:
573:
572:
570:
569:
552:
543:
542:
540:
539:
528:
522:
521:
519:
518:
501:
495:
494:
492:
491:
484:San Jose Mercury
476:
470:
469:
467:
466:
455:
319:Take Care Clause
94:(DACA) program.
48:, was a planned
21:
2571:
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2016:
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1438:18th century
1417:Colonial era
1344:at USCIS.gov
1319:
1302:
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1278:February 20,
1276:. Retrieved
1266:
1258:dismissal.")
1253:
1241:. Retrieved
1236:
1209:. Retrieved
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1183:. Retrieved
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1128:November 10,
1126:. Retrieved
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1100:. Retrieved
1097:The Atlantic
1096:
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1067:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:
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923:. Retrieved
916:the original
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861:. Retrieved
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833:. Retrieved
829:
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766:September 8,
764:. Retrieved
757:the original
744:
732:. Retrieved
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676:. Retrieved
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638:
626:. Retrieved
624:. p. A1
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566:. Retrieved
564:. 2017-06-15
559:
536:. Retrieved
526:
515:. Retrieved
513:. 2014-11-20
508:
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486:. 2014-11-20
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161:John Boehner
150:
146:Barack Obama
131:
119:
107:Constitution
96:
84:Barack Obama
81:
45:
41:
37:
36:
2255:East Boston
1939:Ozawa v. US
1768:Visa policy
1733:DACA (2012)
1102:12 November
1073:12 November
1044:November 9,
1020:Dorf on Law
925:27 February
889:27 February
863:November 9,
734:19 November
678:19 November
650:19 November
628:19 November
604:S. 744
391:Eligibility
343:Los Angeles
307:justiciable
263:New Orleans
252:the lawsuit
185:Jeh Johnson
157:Eric Cantor
99:U.S. states
77:deportation
2535:Categories
2487:NumbersUSA
2289:Operations
2270:San Ysidro
2030:and events
1857:Government
1305:: 98–114.
1211:20 January
1185:20 January
568:2017-09-10
538:2017-09-10
517:2015-02-17
490:2015-02-20
465:2017-09-10
445:References
370:California
314:Ken Paxton
283:rulemaking
254:proceeds.
248:injunction
208:California
128:Background
2265:Otay Mesa
2144:Geography
1830:Detention
297:. Judge
179:'s 1990 "
142:Univision
73:prevented
71:. It was
55:to grant
2083:Coyotaje
1815:E-Verify
1805:US-VISIT
1351:Archived
697:Politico
422:See also
378:New York
339:counties
279:standing
216:New York
97:Several
2058:Effects
1243:25 June
857:Reuters
835:25 June
727:YouTube
671:YouTube
238:in the
2011:(2021)
2003:(2021)
1996:(2020)
1981:(2020)
1973:(2011)
1966:(2001)
1957:(1975)
1949:(1923)
1941:(1922)
1933:(1898)
1881:BORTAC
1835:Family
1788:Asylum
430:(DACA)
376:, and
355:Dallas
351:Harris
347:Orange
214:, and
971:: 58.
919:(PDF)
908:(PDF)
760:(PDF)
753:(PDF)
374:Texas
212:Texas
1640:1965
1453:1798
1449:1795
1280:2015
1245:2016
1213:2016
1187:2016
1130:2015
1104:2015
1075:2015
1046:2015
927:2015
891:2015
865:2015
837:2016
768:2017
736:2016
680:2016
652:2016
630:2016
359:Cook
353:and
345:and
236:sued
42:DAPA
1307:doi
1303:143
1068:Vox
261:in
67:or
2537::
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1297:.
1235:.
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