38:
2580:
61:
581:, they claimed that due to the harsh climate and plagues, they had to drink wine. Umar suggested honey instead, but they said it was not beneficial for them. As a compromise, Umar agreed they could make a dish from grape syrup without intoxicating effects. They boiled grape juice until two-thirds evaporated and presented it to Umar, who noted it reminded him of an ointment for camels. Botanist
1380:
1394:
46:
537:, but was criticized by John Scarborough, a pharmacologist and classicist, who characterized Nriagu's research as "so full of false evidence, miscitations, typographical errors, and a blatant flippancy regarding primary sources that the reader cannot trust the basic arguments."
1911:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
1220:
513:
in lead-lined vessels and tested the liquid, finding a lead level of 29,000 parts per billion (ppb), which is 2,900 times higher than contemporary
American drinking water limit of 10 ppb. These levels are easily high enough to cause either acute
191:), with no fermentation involved. There is no alcohol or vinegar content, and no additives, preservatives or sweeteners are added. It is both a condiment and ingredient used in either sweet or savory dishes.
1000:
keeps indefinitely. Its flavor is sweet with slightly bitter undertones. The syrup may be light or dark colored, depending on the grapes used. Before the wide availability of inexpensive cane sugar,
533:
was added or in what quantity. There is not, however, scholarly agreement on the circumstances and quantity of lead in these ancient Roman condiments. For instance, the original research was done by
940:
700:
to Muslim troops along with other foodstuffs, considering that it was no longer intoxicating. However, fermentation could resume in the amphorae, and in the late 710s, Caliph
527:
However, the use of leaden cookware, though popular, was not the general standard of use. Copper cookware was used far more generally and no indication exists as to how often
1890:
425:
as "must of the sweetest possible flavour" that has been boiled down to a third of its volume (XXI.1). Isidore of
Seville, writing in the seventh century AD, says that it is
1664:
Isidore of
Seville's Etymologies. The Complete Translations of Isidori Hipalensis Episcopi Etimologiarum Sive Originum Libre XX. Translated from Latin by Priscilla Throop
635:
detailed the production process, noting the use of a type of soil to harden the syrup so that it remained intact even if the container broke. In the 15th century,
86:
juice. It is thick and sweet because of its high ratio of sugar to water. Grape syrup is made by boiling grapes, removing their skins, squeezing them through a
1841:"Des amphores rouges et des jarres vertes: Considérations sur la production et la consommation de boissons fermentées aux deux premiers siècles de l'hégire"
2068:
2042:
1551:
2011:
1352:). It is usually used as a sweetener and as part of desserts alongside carob syrup and bee honey. In areas of Palestine, it is also used to sweeten
3443:
2128:
1923:
1672:
1959:
2219:
443:) (Etymologies, XX.3.15). Varro reverses Pliny's proportions altogether (quoted in Nonius Marcellus, De Conpendiosa Doctrina, XVIII.551M).
1711:
1746:
Nriagu, Jerome O. (17 March 1983). "Saturnine Gout among Roman
Aristocrats. Did lead poisoning contribute to the fall of the Empire?".
2996:
1193:) has been produced for centuries, commonly used as a sweetener, but also as traditional medicine. It never contains any added sugar.
263:. They were made by boiling down grape juice or must in large kettles until it had been reduced to two-thirds of the original volume,
1918:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
2172:
2157:
2142:
2121:
1645:
1882:
1491:
2102:
2849:
518:
if consumed in large amounts or chronic lead poisoning when consumed in smaller quantities over a longer period of time (as
2579:
1937:
1662:
407:, must) was boiled to concentrate its natural sugars. "A product of art, not of nature," the must was reduced to one half (
3473:
3448:
558:
3498:
1878:
3478:
37:
1595:
3405:
2185:
612:
3468:
2813:
2621:
3257:
2212:
2076:
1054:
From late August until the beginning of
December, many Greek bakeries make and sell dark crunchy and fragrant
2050:
3585:
3534:
3172:
3595:
3580:
3488:
3232:
3217:
2019:
936:
3565:
3508:
3503:
2661:
2362:
2357:
2342:
893:
664:
624:
232:
3575:
3570:
3529:
3202:
3063:
2786:
1450:
1445:
1357:
620:
3605:
3560:
3483:
3463:
3395:
3377:
3357:
3345:
3312:
2724:
2447:
2442:
2205:
1258:
1190:
1186:
991:
3493:
3417:
3367:
3096:
2926:
2469:
2239:
1967:
1333:
880:
860:
826:
1840:
1989:
1781:
Scarborough, J (October 1984). "The myth of lead poisoning among the Romans: an essay review".
3590:
3427:
3121:
3111:
2916:
2671:
2168:
2153:
2138:
2124:
2117:
2098:
1929:
1919:
1860:
1798:
1763:
1719:
1668:
1641:
1547:
1435:
1277:
185:) is the southern Italian term for grape syrup. It is made only from cooked wine grape must (
3453:
3400:
3302:
3242:
3222:
2803:
2771:
2704:
2459:
2432:
2422:
1852:
1790:
1755:
1254:
1105:
640:
608:
496:
495:
pots, which sweetened the syrup through the leaching of the sweet-tasting chemical compound
204:
One of the earliest mentions of grape syrup comes from the fifth-century BC Greek physician
153:
31:
3212:
3207:
3126:
3046:
2741:
2606:
1250:
1176:
1101:
504:
475:
461:
2569:
939:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
545:
Grape syrup has been used in the Levant since antiquity, as evidenced by a document from
3600:
3539:
3350:
3287:
3237:
3227:
3194:
3152:
3086:
3068:
3041:
2352:
2285:
2280:
2249:
1667:(Priscilla Throop ed.). Charlotte, Vermont: Priscilla Throop. p. XX 3 14–15.
1455:
1399:
1152:
966:
955:
648:
500:
419:) (Pliny, XIV.80), although the terms are not always consistent. Columella identifies
3554:
3412:
3372:
3325:
3320:
3297:
3292:
3267:
3182:
3177:
3011:
2958:
2834:
2776:
2746:
2714:
2601:
2588:
2367:
2315:
2305:
2295:
1365:
1285:
1007:
732:
619:
around 1370, proposed that the honey mentioned in the Bible is actually grape syrup.
534:
515:
651:
period, there was sometimes a special tax on raisins and dibs. In the 19th century,
56:
syrup made from carob, dates, grape molasses and rose water; used to make jallab tea
3422:
3252:
2904:
2884:
2761:
2554:
2529:
2484:
2479:
2452:
2427:
2335:
2330:
2310:
2300:
1419:
1289:
1202:
778:
660:
594:
488:
221:
1219:
597:
area, which are similar to those used for grape syrup production in modern times.
2012:"Petimezopita Grape Molasses Spice Cake Recipe - Greek Desserts and Cake Recipes"
1516:
1360:
and toasted nuts such as walnuts and almonds for breakfast. The syrup is made in
3524:
3262:
3247:
3026:
3016:
3001:
2864:
2854:
2751:
2524:
2514:
2474:
2347:
2290:
1759:
1413:
1407:
1385:
1261:
1242:
1011:
762:
632:
314:
dishes as a sweetening and souring agent and even given to food animals such as
205:
91:
66:
1913:
623:
also mentioned grape syrup among various types of honey sold in
Jerusalem, and
401:
The elder Cato, Columella, and Pliny all describe how unfermented grape juice (
3458:
3162:
3136:
3031:
2975:
2921:
2869:
2808:
2793:
2766:
2636:
2611:
2509:
2464:
2437:
2382:
2377:
2320:
2265:
2244:
1856:
1821:
1565:
1477:
1375:
1117:
1024:
is still used today in desserts and as a sweet topping for some foods. Though
906:
582:
220:), the Greek name for the condiment. The fifth-century BC Athenian playwright
180:
152:
is the name for a type of
Mediterranean grape syrup. The word comes from the
71:, a snack made from nuts (walnuts or hazelnuts, usually) dipped in grape syrup
60:
1864:
1794:
1723:
3167:
3051:
3036:
3006:
2991:
2899:
2874:
2756:
2736:
2666:
2656:
2646:
2626:
2504:
2407:
2397:
2387:
2372:
2270:
2228:
1640:(Loeb Classical Library ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
1265:
631:, in modern Lebanon, was particularly renowned for its dibs production, and
616:
369:
79:
1933:
1625:(Loeb Classical Library ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
1030:
can be homemade, it is also sold commercially under different brand names.
1960:"Naturally Sweet Grape Syrup - Petimezi - Greek Recipe for Grape Molasses"
1802:
1767:
3340:
3157:
3101:
3091:
2968:
2889:
2844:
2681:
2651:
2564:
2559:
2539:
2489:
1440:
1164:
1160:
1141:
566:
471:
172:
164:
2095:
Sweeteners: Nutritional
Aspects, Applications, and Production Technology
611:, when grape syrup became a common wine substitute among Muslims. Rabbi
17:
3387:
3335:
3330:
3279:
3116:
2963:
2931:
2839:
2798:
2731:
2719:
2709:
2549:
2544:
2534:
2519:
1341:
1273:
701:
644:
636:
628:
586:
574:
546:
457:
95:
1379:
378:
was often used as a food preservative in provisions for Roman troops.
94:, a common use of grape syrup is as a topping to sweet cakes, such as
3362:
2953:
2941:
2909:
2859:
2781:
2641:
2499:
2417:
2325:
2152:; tr. H. Rackham; Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library);
2093:
Theodoros
Varzakas, Athanasios Labropoulos, Stylianos Anestis, eds.,
1429:
1345:
1337:
1307:
1301:
1281:
1156:
1113:
736:
652:
600:
590:
554:
339:
158:
139:
99:
51:
163:, which usually refers to grape syrup, but is also used to refer to
3131:
3058:
3021:
2948:
2894:
2879:
2829:
2631:
2616:
2596:
2494:
2412:
2402:
2392:
2275:
1361:
1349:
1269:
1246:
1239:
1015:
735:) is still used to refer to the condiment, which is still made in
656:
604:
578:
550:
353:
343:
329:
307:
225:
135:
87:
83:
59:
45:
44:
36:
1638:
On Agriculture. translated by E. S. Forster and Edward H. Heffner
639:
users mixed it with dibs to mitigate its effects. Rabbis such as
603:
increased the prevalence of grape syrup in the region due to the
2686:
2676:
1424:
1353:
570:
562:
492:
315:
311:
303:
260:
224:
also makes a reference to it, as does Roman-era Greek physician
2201:
557:, that mentions grape syrup production. Sources describing the
3106:
2936:
1697:
De Conpendiosa Doctrina (Vol. III)edited by Wallace M. Lindsay
1623:
Natural History, Volume I: Books 1-2. Translated by H. Rackham
1538:
1536:
802:
319:
2197:
2114:
Modern Greek: 170 Contemporary Recipes from the Mediterranean
1826:
Agricultural Produce in the Land of Israel in the Middle Ages
1410:, a sausage-shaped candy made from grape must, flour and nuts
719:
677:
499:
into the syrup. Incidentally, this is thought to have caused
431:
that has been reduced by a third but goes on to imagine that
288:
282:
215:
209:
129:
123:
117:
111:
1828:(in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben Zvi. pp. 113–116.
134:), which translates to 'boiled'. The Greek name was used in
1276:
flavours, and its use is frequent as an additive for dark,
1033:
Fruits and vegetables that have been candied by boiling in
1883:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
1544:
Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen: Selected Papers
1151:
is commonly used in Italy, especially in the regions of
30:"Carenum" redirects here. For the genus of insects, see
1120:, which is also widely used in Middle Eastern cooking.
437:
is so called because it has been cheated or defrauded (
381:
There is some confusion as the amount of reduction for
1783:
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
507:
documentary produced a batch of historically accurate
2167:; Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library);
1264:
until the volume is reduced by at least 50%, and its
281:. The Greek name for this variant of grape syrup was
1563:
The Online Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon
1475:
The Online Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon
1116:, which is consumed at breakfast. An alternative is
456:
is mentioned in almost all Roman books dealing with
397:, authors informed different reductions, as follows:
3517:
3436:
3386:
3311:
3278:
3193:
3145:
3079:
2984:
2822:
2695:
2587:
2258:
905:
892:
879:
858:
823:
799:
775:
761:
756:
607:, a practice that was strictly enforced during the
1915:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1839:Tillier, Mathieu; Vanthieghem, Naïm (2022-09-02).
1583:(television). Brighton TV for National Geographic.
1272:. The final product is a thick liquid with cooked
655:exported significant quantities of grape syrup to
585:estimates that this explains the winepresses from
41:Eight-flavor syrup dispenser including grape syrup
870:
1180:
627:described it as "hard as a rock and very fine."
2075:(2nd ed.). winepros.com.au. Archived from
2049:(2nd ed.). winepros.com.au. Archived from
1581:Tales of the Living Dead: Poisoned Roman Babies
1206:
1167:, where it is considered a traditional flavor.
757:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
356:through the winter, and some Roman women used
64:
2213:
1741:
1739:
1305:
1233:
1224:
1146:
1128:
186:
178:
170:
156:
8:
1327:
1321:
747:
694:
684:
231:Grape syrup was known by different names in
49:
1636:Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus (1954).
1134:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1025:
1019:
1001:
995:
977:
971:
949:
748:
726:
528:
519:
508:
479:
465:
450:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
402:
388:
382:
373:
363:
357:
347:
333:
323:
297:
276:
270:
264:
253:
245:
237:
146:
2220:
2206:
2198:
2062:
2060:
1879:United States Food and Drug Administration
840:
746:
478:suggested that only the sweetest possible
110:The ancient Greek name for grape syrup is
1432:, a similar product in the Ottoman world
1218:
1467:
643:and Obadish of Bertinoro discussed its
503:for Romans consuming the syrup. A 2009
1498:(in Greek). Cyprus Food Virtual Museum
1816:
1814:
1812:
1712:"Lead poisoning and the fall of Rome"
1529:The Concise Oxford Turkish Dictionary
1416:, an Ayurvedic tonic made from grapes
965:
322:to improve the taste of their flesh.
7:
1661:Isidore of Seville's, Saint (2005).
235:depending on the boiling procedure.
1109:
704:prohibited drinking this beverage.
2997:Halford Leicestershire Table Sauce
994:until it becomes dark and syrupy.
491:, grape syrup was often boiled in
470:only be boiled at the time of the
25:
1517:Dictionary of the Türk Dil Kurumu
1179:, a form of grape syrup known as
393:. As James Grout explains in its
302:was to help preserve and sweeten
90:to extract the juice. Like other
2578:
1392:
1378:
1332:in the countries of the Levant (
413:) or even one third its volume (
2137:; University of Chicago Press;
1940:from the original on 2024-05-09
1893:from the original on 2024-03-27
1748:New England Journal of Medicine
1710:Bernstein, Lenny (2016-02-17).
1579:Director: Chris Warren (2004).
27:Condiment made from grape juice
3444:Accompaniments to french fries
2067:Robinson, Jancis, ed. (1999).
2041:Robinson, Jancis, ed. (1999).
1990:"Petimezi - Greek Grape Syrup"
1205:, the grape syrup is known as
332:to make the popular condiment
122:), in the general category of
1:
767:1,380 kJ (330 kcal)
559:Muslim conquest of the Levant
2073:The Oxford Companion to Wine
2047:The Oxford Companion to Wine
1527:A.D. Alderson and Fahir İz,
935:Percentages estimated using
720:
678:
283:
269:; half the original volume,
210:
112:
1760:10.1056/NEJM198303173081123
1328:
1322:
1181:
1088:
1076:
1062:
1056:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1026:
1020:
1002:
996:
972:
950:
749:
727:
695:
685:
306:, but it was also added to
147:
65:
50:
3622:
3406:Balsamic vinegar of Modena
2576:
1695:Marcellus, Nonius (1903).
1304:, grape syrup is known as
1139:, with the same meaning),
1006:was a common sweetener in
692:Early caliphs distributed
289:
216:
130:
118:
29:
2814:Watermelon rind preserves
2622:Garlic chive flower sauce
2235:
2116:. Chronicle Books, 2002.
1857:10.1163/15685195-bja10025
1621:The Elder, Pliny (1945).
1596:"Lead Poisoning and Rome"
1364:villages in the northern
1082:
1068:
978:
959:
934:
926:
918:
854:
850:
843:
839:
819:
815:
795:
791:
771:
460:or household management.
296:The main culinary use of
177:(not to be confused with
138:and, in modern times, in
1320:Grape syrup is known as
1280:such as sweet styles of
1257:, it is made by boiling
1086:) is a spiced cake with
167:and other fruit syrups.
3535:Salt and pepper shakers
2135:A Taste of Ancient Rome
1845:Islamic Law and Society
1496:foodmuseum.cs.ucy.ac.cy
1133:, (from the Latin word
937:US recommendations
683:was known in Arabic as
124:
82:made with concentrated
3233:Mayfair salad dressing
3218:Green goddess dressing
1795:10.1093/jhmas/39.4.469
1306:
1245:typically produced in
1234:
1230:
1225:
1207:
1147:
1135:
1129:
941:the National Academies
717:The ancient Greek name
561:in 636 note that when
529:
520:
509:
480:
466:
451:
447:
439:
433:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
389:
383:
374:
364:
358:
348:
334:
324:
298:
277:
271:
265:
254:
246:
238:
187:
179:
171:
157:
72:
57:
42:
3504:Philippine condiments
3474:Indonesian condiments
3449:Brand name condiments
2850:Beurre Maître d'Hôtel
2163:Marcus Porcius Cato;
1249:. Often derived from
1222:
1112:) is used to sweeten
990:, is a syrup that is
845:Vitamins and minerals
665:Samuel David Luzzatto
625:Meshullam of Volterra
524:was typically used).
399:
233:Ancient Roman cuisine
63:
48:
40:
3499:Pakistani condiments
3203:Blue cheese dressing
3064:Worcestershire sauce
2787:Chicago-style relish
1451:List of grape dishes
1446:List of fruit dishes
963:Greek pronunciation:
671:Islamic civilization
621:Obadiah of Bertinoro
3479:Japanese condiments
3396:Apple cider vinegar
3346:Spicy brown mustard
2725:Green mango chutney
2245:List of common dips
2192:Encyclopædia Romana
2133:Ilaria G. Giacosa;
2069:"Grape concentrate"
1600:Encyclopedia Romana
967:[petiˈmezi]
753:
659:, as documented by
605:prohibition of wine
593:times found in the
395:Encyclopedia Romana
259:were reductions of
106:Names and etymology
3418:Kaong palm vinegar
3368:Tewkesbury mustard
3097:Crushed red pepper
3080:Spices and powders
2823:Spreads and pastes
2470:Monkey gland sauce
2240:List of condiments
1970:on 3 February 2016
1231:
1104:, grape syrup (in
346:were preserved in
73:
58:
43:
3548:
3547:
3469:Indian condiments
3428:Nipa palm vinegar
3122:Popcorn seasoning
3112:Nutritional yeast
2672:Sweet chili sauce
2175:(hardcover, 1979)
2148:Pliny the Elder;
2145:(paperback, 1994)
2129:978-0-8118-3480-3
2010:Nancy Gaifyllia.
1958:Nancy Gaifyllia.
1925:978-0-309-48834-1
1674:978-1-4116-6526-2
1552:978 90 04 20859 9
1436:Pomegranate syrup
982:) and in English
947:
946:
922:
921:
464:recommended that
16:(Redirected from
3613:
3401:Balsamic vinegar
3303:Mushroom ketchup
3243:Russian dressing
3223:Italian dressing
2985:Oils and liquids
2804:Taba ng talangka
2772:Pickled cucumber
2582:
2460:Mignonette sauce
2433:Marie Rose sauce
2222:
2215:
2208:
2199:
2166:
2151:
2136:
2081:
2080:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2018:. Archived from
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1966:. Archived from
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1818:
1807:
1806:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1743:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1576:
1570:
1560:
1554:
1546:, 2012, p. 190.
1542:Jacques Jouanna
1540:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1488:
1482:
1472:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1331:
1325:
1311:
1237:
1228:
1210:
1184:
1150:
1138:
1132:
1111:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1059:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1029:
1023:
1005:
999:
981:
980:
975:
969:
964:
961:
953:
929:Varkazas, p. 203
874:
841:
754:
752:
730:
725:(now pronounced
723:
698:
688:
681:
675:In early Islam,
641:Nissim of Gerona
573:, who camped in
553:, within modern
549:in the northern
532:
523:
512:
484:should be used.
483:
469:
454:
442:
436:
430:
424:
418:
412:
406:
392:
386:
377:
367:
361:
351:
337:
327:
301:
292:
291:
286:
280:
275:; or one-third,
274:
268:
257:
249:
241:
219:
218:
213:
208:, who refers to
190:
184:
176:
162:
150:
133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
115:
70:
55:
32:Carenum (beetle)
21:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3551:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3513:
3432:
3382:
3307:
3274:
3258:Thousand Island
3213:Ginger dressing
3208:French dressing
3189:
3141:
3127:Salt and pepper
3075:
3047:Sweet soy sauce
2980:
2818:
2742:Fruit preserves
2697:
2691:
2607:Chile con queso
2583:
2574:
2254:
2231:
2226:
2182:
2165:On Agriculture
2164:
2150:Natural History
2149:
2134:
2090:
2088:Further reading
2085:
2084:
2066:
2065:
2058:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2022:on 3 March 2016
2009:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1943:
1941:
1926:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1896:
1894:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1754:(11): 660–663.
1745:
1744:
1737:
1728:
1726:
1716:Washington Post
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1561:
1557:
1541:
1534:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1356:and eaten with
1318:
1298:
1251:grape varieties
1217:
1199:
1177:North Macedonia
1173:
1171:North Macedonia
1126:
1102:Iranian cuisine
1098:
970:), also called
962:
930:
927:
913:
900:
887:
875:
846:
835:
830:
811:
806:
787:
782:
745:
715:
710:
673:
647:. In the early
615:, who lived in
613:Joseph Tov Elem
543:
505:History Channel
476:Cato the Censor
462:Pliny the Elder
328:was mixed with
202:
197:
108:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3619:
3617:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3586:Lead poisoning
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3553:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3540:Squeeze bottle
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3489:Mustard brands
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3378:Yellow mustard
3375:
3370:
3365:
3363:Tecuci mustard
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3351:Creole mustard
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3288:Banana ketchup
3284:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3238:Ranch dressing
3235:
3230:
3228:Louis dressing
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3153:Carolina style
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3069:Tonkatsu sauce
3061:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Soup soy sauce
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2540:Teriyaki sauce
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Cocktail sauce
2350:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:Bigarade sauce
2283:
2281:Barbecue sauce
2278:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2250:List of syrups
2247:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2190:, part of the
2188:Lead Poisoning
2181:
2180:External links
2178:
2177:
2176:
2161:
2146:
2131:
2110:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:on 2011-04-04.
2056:
2053:on 2011-07-06.
2033:
2016:About.com Food
2002:
1981:
1964:About.com Food
1950:
1924:
1903:
1870:
1831:
1808:
1773:
1735:
1702:
1687:
1673:
1653:
1646:
1628:
1613:
1594:Grout, James.
1586:
1571:
1555:
1532:
1520:
1509:
1483:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1456:List of syrups
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1404:
1403:
1400:History portal
1389:
1373:
1370:
1317:
1314:
1297:
1294:
1216:
1213:
1198:
1195:
1172:
1169:
1153:Emilia Romagna
1125:
1122:
1114:ardeh (tahini)
1097:
1094:
1069:μουστοκούλουρα
1063:moustokoúloura
988:grape molasses
945:
944:
932:
931:
928:
924:
923:
920:
919:
916:
915:
911:
909:
903:
902:
898:
896:
890:
889:
885:
883:
877:
876:
869:
864:
856:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
844:
837:
836:
833:
831:
824:
821:
820:
817:
816:
813:
812:
809:
807:
800:
797:
796:
793:
792:
789:
788:
785:
783:
776:
773:
772:
769:
768:
765:
759:
758:
744:
741:
714:
711:
709:
706:
672:
669:
542:
539:
501:lead poisoning
201:
198:
196:
193:
107:
104:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3618:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:Roman cuisine
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Greek cuisine
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:Accoutrements
3516:
3510:
3509:Pickled foods
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:List articles
3435:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:Black vinegar
3411:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3373:Turun sinappi
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Sweet mustard
3356:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3326:Honey mustard
3324:
3322:
3321:Dijon mustard
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3298:Fruit ketchup
3296:
3294:
3293:Curry ketchup
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3268:Wafu dressing
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3184:
3183:Salsa criolla
3181:
3179:
3178:Pico de gallo
3176:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2959:Yeast extract
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Biber salçası
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:Anchovy paste
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Pickled fruit
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Baba ghanoush
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2571:
2570:Zingara sauce
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2316:Cheddar sauce
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Alfredo sauce
2304:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2296:Buffalo sauce
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2218:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2186:James Grout,
2184:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2173:0-674-99313-6
2170:
2162:
2160:(cloth, 1956)
2159:
2158:0-674-99432-9
2155:
2147:
2144:
2143:0-226-29032-8
2140:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2122:0-8118-3480-8
2119:
2115:
2112:Harris, Andy
2111:
2108:
2105:, p. 201
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2006:
2003:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1907:
1904:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:(1–2): 1–64.
1850:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1789:(4): 469–75.
1788:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1688:
1676:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1647:9780674993983
1643:
1639:
1632:
1629:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1602:. James Grout
1601:
1597:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1468:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1366:Golan Heights
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:reduced to a
1267:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1255:Pedro Ximénez
1252:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1238:is a form of
1236:
1227:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1191:Гроздов маџун
1188:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1137:
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1115:
1107:
1103:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1078:
1073:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1045:) are called
1043:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1010:, along with
1009:
1008:Greek cooking
1004:
998:
993:
989:
985:
974:
968:
957:
952:
942:
938:
933:
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829:
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790:
784:
781:
780:
779:Carbohydrates
774:
770:
766:
764:
760:
755:
751:
742:
740:
738:
734:
733:Cypriot Greek
729:
724:
722:
712:
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703:
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691:
687:
682:
680:
670:
668:
666:
662:
658:
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646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:Mamluk period
606:
602:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
540:
538:
536:
535:Jerome Nriagu
531:
525:
522:
517:
516:lead toxicity
511:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
482:
477:
473:
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385:
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371:
366:
360:
355:
350:
345:
341:
336:
331:
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321:
318:and suckling
317:
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137:
126:
114:
105:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
69:
68:
62:
54:
53:
47:
39:
33:
19:
3566:Grape dishes
3423:Malt vinegar
2905:Meat extract
2885:Liver spread
2762:Pepper jelly
2696:Pickles and
2555:Tomato sauce
2530:Tartar sauce
2485:Peanut sauce
2480:Oyster sauce
2453:Miracle Whip
2428:Lechon sauce
2336:Nacho cheese
2331:Mornay sauce
2311:Caruso sauce
2301:Cheese sauce
2191:
2187:
2113:
2106:
2094:
2077:the original
2072:
2051:the original
2046:
2036:
2024:. Retrieved
2020:the original
2015:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1968:the original
1963:
1953:
1942:. Retrieved
1914:
1906:
1895:. Retrieved
1886:
1873:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1825:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1751:
1747:
1727:. Retrieved
1715:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1663:
1656:
1637:
1631:
1622:
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1599:
1589:
1580:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1543:
1528:
1523:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1495:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1420:Moustalevria
1319:
1299:
1232:
1203:South Africa
1200:
1197:South Africa
1174:
1140:
1127:
1099:
1083:πετιμεζόπιτα
1077:Petimezopita
1074:
1053:
1032:
987:
983:
948:
871:
866:
859:
825:
801:
777:
718:
716:
693:
689:
676:
674:
661:Samson Bloch
599:
595:Mount Hermon
544:
526:
497:lead acetate
489:ancient Rome
486:
449:
448:
444:
400:
394:
380:
295:
252:
244:
236:
230:
222:Aristophanes
203:
169:
145:
144:
109:
92:fruit syrups
75:
74:
3576:Grape juice
3571:Fruit juice
3525:Cruet-stand
3484:Mayonnaises
3464:Fish sauces
3459:Fish pastes
3263:Vinaigrette
3248:Salad cream
3087:Asín tibuok
3027:Salmoriglio
3017:Perilla oil
3002:Mustard oil
2865:Coconut jam
2855:Chili paste
2752:Horseradish
2525:Steak sauce
2515:Salsa verde
2475:Mumbo sauce
2348:Chimichurri
2343:Chili sauce
2291:Brown sauce
2026:15 February
1995:15 February
1974:15 February
1822:Amar, Zohar
1502:20 November
1414:Drakshasava
1408:Churchkhela
1386:Food portal
1278:sweet wines
1262:grape juice
1259:unfermented
1243:concentrate
1012:carob syrup
633:Ibn Battuta
601:Islamic law
577:, southern
206:Hippocrates
200:Greco-Roman
188:mosto cotto
76:Grape syrup
67:Churchkhela
3606:Toxicology
3561:Condiments
3555:Categories
3494:Hot sauces
3163:Kachumbari
3032:Sesame oil
2922:Nut butter
2870:Fish paste
2809:Tomato jam
2794:Sauerkraut
2767:Piccalilli
2637:Honey dill
2612:Duck sauce
2510:Salsa golf
2465:Mild sauce
2438:Mayonnaise
2423:Khrenovina
2383:Fritessaus
2378:Fish sauce
2321:Cheez Whiz
2266:Agre dulce
2229:Condiments
2103:143987672X
1944:2024-06-21
1897:2024-03-28
1729:2018-02-05
1462:References
1441:Vino cotto
1187:Macedonian
1148:vino cotto
1118:date syrup
1110:شیره انگور
907:Phosphorus
583:Zohar Amar
181:vino cotto
3195:Dressings
3168:Kachumber
3052:Toyomansi
3037:Soy sauce
3007:Olive oil
2992:Chili oil
2900:Malidzano
2875:Gochujang
2757:Ljutenica
2737:Encurtido
2698:preserves
2667:Skyronnes
2662:Nước chấm
2657:Nam phrik
2647:Muhammara
2627:Guacamole
2505:Remoulade
2408:Hot sauce
2398:Gastrique
2388:Fry sauce
2373:Dabu-dabu
2358:Colo-colo
2271:Agrodolce
1865:0928-9380
1724:0190-8286
1680:19 August
1606:19 August
1334:Palestine
1266:viscosity
1208:moskonfyt
1060:cookies,
984:grapemust
617:Jerusalem
565:met with
440:defrudare
335:oenogarum
80:condiment
3591:Oenology
3454:Chutneys
3388:Vinegars
3341:Mostarda
3313:Mustards
3280:Ketchups
3158:Coleslaw
3102:Gomashio
3092:Chipotle
2969:Vegemite
2890:Kyopolou
2682:Tzatziki
2652:Nam chim
2565:XO sauce
2560:Vincotto
2448:Kielecki
2097:, 2012,
2043:"Arrope"
1938:Archived
1934:30844154
1891:Archived
1881:(2024).
1824:(2000).
1372:See also
1326:or dibs
1253:such as
1165:Sardinia
1161:Calabria
1142:vincotto
1089:petimezi
1057:petimezi
1048:retselia
1036:petimezi
1027:petimezi
1021:Petimezi
1003:petimezi
997:Petimezi
960:πετιμέζι
951:Petimezi
867:Quantity
861:Minerals
750:Petimezi
702:‘Umar II
591:Talmudic
587:Mishnaic
567:Rashidun
521:defrutum
510:defrutum
481:defrutum
474:, while
472:new moon
467:defrutum
452:Defrutum
434:defrutum
422:defrutum
410:defrutum
390:defrutum
375:Defrutum
370:cosmetic
359:defrutum
349:defrutum
325:Defrutum
299:defrutum
272:defrutum
239:Defrutum
173:Vincotto
165:mulberry
148:Petimezi
96:pancakes
18:Defrutum
3336:Kasundi
3331:Karashi
3137:Za'atar
3117:Paprika
2976:Zacuscă
2964:Marmite
2932:Pindjur
2840:Bagoong
2799:Sumbala
2732:Curtido
2720:Chutney
2710:Atchara
2550:Tkemali
2545:Tiparos
2535:Tatbila
2520:Satsivi
1803:6389691
1768:6338384
1492:"Έψημα"
1342:Lebanon
1329:al-anab
1290:Marsala
1274:caramel
1106:Persian
992:reduced
881:Calcium
827:Protein
721:hépsēma
679:hépsēma
649:Ottoman
645:kashrut
637:hashish
629:Baalbek
575:Jabiyah
569:caliph
547:Nessana
458:cooking
290:σίραιον
284:siraion
266:carenum
247:carenum
211:hépsēma
195:History
154:Turkish
125:hepsema
119:σιραίος
113:siraios
100:waffles
3530:Sachet
3253:Tahini
3146:Salads
2954:Wasabi
2942:Caviar
2927:Palapa
2910:Bovril
2860:Chrain
2782:Relish
2715:Cheong
2642:Hummus
2500:Pistou
2443:Kewpie
2418:Kaymak
2368:Caruru
2326:Fondue
2259:Sauces
2171:
2156:
2141:
2127:
2120:
2101:
1932:
1922:
1863:
1801:
1766:
1722:
1671:
1644:
1550:
1430:Pekmez
1346:Israel
1338:Jordan
1316:Levant
1308:pekmez
1302:Turkey
1296:Turkey
1288:, and
1286:Malaga
1282:sherry
1235:Arrope
1226:arrope
1223:Honey
1182:madjun
1163:, and
1157:Marche
1042:epsima
973:epsima
901:1.2 mg
786:80.9 g
763:Energy
743:Greece
737:Cyprus
728:épsēma
713:Cyprus
708:Modern
653:Hebron
555:Israel
541:Levant
404:mustum
340:Quince
251:, and
159:pekmez
140:Cyprus
52:Jallab
3601:Syrup
3173:Salsa
3132:Tekka
3059:Syrup
3022:Ponzu
3012:Patis
2949:Tapai
2917:Murri
2895:Maafe
2880:Harif
2830:Ajvar
2632:Hogao
2617:Duqqa
2597:Ajika
2495:Pesto
2490:Pearà
2413:Latik
2403:Gravy
2393:Garum
2363:Crema
2276:Aioli
1362:Druze
1358:leben
1350:Syria
1270:syrup
1247:Spain
1240:grape
1229:flask
1215:Spain
1124:Italy
1016:honey
979:έψημα
956:Greek
914:40 mg
888:74 mg
834:0.9 g
810:0.4 g
696:tilā’
686:tilā’
657:Egypt
579:Golan
551:Negev
368:as a
354:honey
344:melon
330:garum
316:ducks
308:fruit
226:Galen
217:ἕψημα
136:Crete
131:ἕψημα
88:sieve
84:grape
78:is a
2747:Gari
2705:Amba
2687:Zhug
2677:Toum
2589:Dips
2169:ISBN
2154:ISBN
2139:ISBN
2125:ISBN
2118:ISBN
2099:ISBN
2028:2016
1997:2016
1976:2016
1930:PMID
1920:ISBN
1861:ISSN
1799:PMID
1764:PMID
1720:ISSN
1682:2019
1669:ISBN
1642:ISBN
1608:2019
1567:s.v.
1548:ISBN
1504:2015
1479:s.v.
1425:Must
1354:wine
1348:and
1323:dibs
1136:sapa
1130:Saba
1096:Iran
1014:and
894:Iron
663:and
589:and
571:Umar
563:Jews
530:sapa
493:lead
428:sapa
416:sapa
387:and
384:sapa
365:sapa
352:and
342:and
320:pigs
312:meat
310:and
304:wine
278:sapa
261:must
255:sapa
3107:MSG
2937:Roe
1887:FDA
1853:doi
1791:doi
1756:doi
1752:308
1300:In
1201:In
1175:In
1145:or
1100:In
1072:).
986:or
872:%DV
803:Fat
731:in
487:In
362:or
293:).
98:or
3557::
2107:ff
2071:.
2059:^
2045:.
2014:.
1962:.
1936:.
1928:.
1889:.
1885:.
1859:.
1849:30
1847:.
1843:.
1811:^
1797:.
1787:39
1785:.
1762:.
1750:.
1738:^
1718:.
1714:.
1598:.
1535:^
1494:.
1368:.
1344:,
1340:,
1336:,
1312:.
1292:.
1284:,
1211:.
1189::
1159:,
1155:,
1108::
1092:.
1051:.
1018:.
958::
912:3%
899:7%
886:6%
739:.
667:.
372:.
338:.
243:,
228:.
142:.
102:.
2221:e
2214:t
2207:v
2109:.
2030:.
1999:.
1978:.
1947:.
1900:.
1867:.
1855::
1805:.
1793::
1770:.
1758::
1732:.
1699:.
1684:.
1650:.
1610:.
1506:.
1185:(
1080:(
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954:(
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287:(
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116:(
34:.
20:)
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