Deobandi fiqh - Knowledge (XXG)

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of law. Taqlid is widely accepted in Islamic scholarship as a valid approach to legal interpretation and application, especially for laypeople who do not have the necessary knowledge or expertise to derive legal opinions from primary sources. On the other hand, Ijtihad is also widely recognized as an important means of adapting Islamic law to new contexts and challenges. Ijtihad involves independent legal reasoning, where a qualified scholar uses the sources of law to derive new legal opinions in situations where there is no clear precedent or guidance. This can involve analogical reasoning (qiyas), where the scholar draws analogies between existing legal rulings and new situations, or other forms of reasoning. There are different views on the relative importance of Taqlid and Ijtihad in Islamic law. Some scholars and schools of thought emphasize the importance of Taqlid, viewing it as an essential means of preserving the coherence and integrity of Islamic law. Others view Ijtihad as a necessary means of adapting Islamic law to new contexts and challenges, and believe that Taqlid should be applied with caution and flexibility. The Deobandi School of thought, for example, emphasizes the importance of Taqlid, especially strict adherence to the Hanafi School of jurisprudence. Deobandi scholars view Taqlid as an important means of ensuring that Islamic law is properly followed and interpreted, especially for those who do not possess the requisite knowledge and expertise to engage in Ijtihad. They also believe that Ijtihad is necessary for the evolution of Islamic law, but should be undertaken with caution and respect for the traditions of Islamic scholarship. Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, emphasized the obligation of Taqlid, citing the Quranic verse that states, "Ask the people of knowledge if you do not know." (16:43) He also distinguished between individual and non-individual Taqlid, where individual Taqlid involves following the opinion of one scholar in all matters of importance, and non-individual Taqlid involves inquiring of any scholar, whom one likes. Similarly, Ashraf Ali Thanwi, defined Ijtihad and Taqlid as follows: he stated that legally reliable qiyas (analogical reasoning) could either be that of every person in whatever he thinks or only of some persons. However, it is evident that not everyone's qiyas is reliable according to the Quranic verse that states, "If they had referred it to the prophet and the people of authority from among themselves, those who are able to think out the matter would have known it."(4:83) Therefore, there are some persons whose qiyas is reliable and some whose qiyas is not reliable. One whose qiyas is reliable is called mujtahid and mustanbit, and others are called muqallid. Hence, it is obligatory for a muqallid to follow a mujtahid.

544: 742:- the apex body of Indian Muslims - the Academy aims to examine and resolve contemporary issues faced by Muslims in India and worldwide in accordance with Islamic jurisprudence. The Academy conducts research, publishes papers and books, and organizes seminars and conferences on a wide range of topics related to Islamic law and its modern-day applications. Its activities span various areas of Islamic law, including family law, commercial law, criminal law, and contract law. The Academy also offers guidance on contemporary issues such as bioethics, finance, and social justice. Alongside its research and publishing work, the Islamic Fiqh Academy of India provides training and education to scholars and students of Islamic law, running courses and training programs to promote the study and comprehension of Islamic law and its practical applications. Furthermore, the Academy engages in community outreach activities, such as public lectures, workshops, and awareness campaigns, to promote a better understanding of Islam and its values. It collaborates with other Islamic organizations and scholars in India and worldwide to promote interfaith dialogue and cooperation. 2331:. After 20 years of war and a negotiated peace agreement with the US, the Taliban regained control of Afghanistan in August 2021, following the withdrawal of American troops. Since then, they have announced that they intend to establish an Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, and that Sharia law will be the basis for their governance. The Taliban's interpretation of Islamic law is largely based on the Deobandi school of Islamic jurisprudence and the Taliban's leadership includes many individuals who were educated in Deobandi madrasas (religious schools) in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The Taliban's interpretation of Deobandi fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) is notable for its strict enforcement of Islamic law, including harsh punishments for crimes such as adultery, theft, and murder. The Taliban have also enforced strict dress codes for women, and have banned many forms of entertainment, such as music and television. 2340: 2456:, which would provide a single code of law for all citizens regardless of religion. In 2018, The AIMPLB proposed the establishment of Sharia courts, known as Darul Qaza, in every district of India to offer Muslims an alternative dispute resolution mechanism. However, the proposal sparked controversy as some critics raised concerns that it could undermine the authority of the Indian legal system and potentially result in the imposition of severe punishments that violate human rights. Despite criticism from some quarters, the AIMPLB continues to play a significant role in shaping the discourse on the Muslim Personal Law in India. Another notable Deobandi organization in India is Imarat Shariah, which operates in the states of 2059:, issued a fatwa on the topic, acknowledging that while English, like any other language, is not inherently evil, the circumstances surrounding its learning should be taken into account. Thanwi noted that if a Muslim can avoid the potential harms of learning English, such as exposure to non-Islamic sciences or irreligious individuals, and if the intention is to earn a lawful livelihood, then it is permissible. However, if the potential harms outweigh the benefits or if the learning of English is likely to lead to sinful actions or intentions, then it may be prohibited. Ultimately, Thanwi concluded that the permissibility of learning English depends on the situation and circumstances surrounding it. 840:, meaning innovation in Islam, is any recently introduced belief or practice that does not align with established Islamic teachings or traditions. This deviation from the Sunnah, or the way of the Muhammad, is generally considered negative. The concept of Bid'ah in Islam has several classifications, with Bid'ah Hasanah (praiseworthy innovation) and Bid'ah Sayyiah (blameworthy innovation) being the most common. The Deoband school, founded during the Indian reformist tradition, contributed to this reform of Bid'ah. While opinions on the definition of Bid'ah vary among different scholars and schools of thought, the Deobandi concept of Bid'ah is specific and limited. 2524:, resulting in a new verdict announced on May 12, 2011. The Appellate Division invalidated the High Court's ruling, citing the fact that the existing law did not fully consider all aspects related to individuals, families, and social life. As a result, the Appellate Division acknowledged the potential need for fatwas in certain circumstances and issued a ruling permitting appropriately authorized individuals to issue them. In response, the "National Fatwa Board" was proposed with the cooperation of the top local muftis in Bangladesh. However, the proposal was put on hold when a committee on fatwas was established under the authority of the 2100:, the chairman of Bangladesh Jamiatul Ulama, a prominent Islamic organization in Bangladesh. Under his leadership, in 2016, over 100,000 Islamic scholars from Bangladesh endorsed a fatwa declaring terrorism as "haram" or forbidden, based on Islamic scripture and tradition. The fatwa emphasized that terrorism was a violation of the fundamental values of Islam and called on Muslims to work towards eradicating it. In a country that has experienced a number of high-profile terrorist attacks in recent years, the fatwa was seen as an important step towards countering extremist ideology and promoting a message of peace and tolerance. 2042:

community, fatwas carry significant weight, as they are considered authoritative guidance on Islamic law and are often sought by individuals seeking specific answers or guidance on particular issues. The Deobandi school of Islamic thought is well-known for its extensive issuance of legal opinions, or fatwas, on various topics. These fatwas have been highly influential in shaping the beliefs and practices of Muslims who follow the Deobandi school of thought, both in India and around the world. Notable fatwas issued by Deobandi scholars have covered various issues, such as education, social life, terrorism, and banking.

543: 823:, and his successors. The Deobandi methodology places a particular emphasis on the study and transmission of Islamic knowledge through a system of madrasas (Islamic seminaries), which provide a structured curriculum of Islamic studies that covers topics such as Quranic exegesis, Hadith studies, Islamic law, theology, and spirituality. This emphasis on Islamic education and scholarship has been a defining feature of the Deobandi movement and has contributed to its spread and influence in many parts of the Muslim world. 4698: 75: 2304: 2472:, Bihar. Founded in 1921, it is considered one of the most prominent Islamic institutions in India. One of the services offered by Imarat-e-Shariah is Darul Qaza, which are Sharia courts operating within the institution to resolve disputes within the Muslim community according to Islamic law or Sharia. Although the decisions made by Darul Qaza are not legally binding, they are seen as a means for Muslims to resolve disputes in a manner that is consistent with their religious beliefs. 2486: 1080:

fatwas carry significant weight among Deobandi scholars globally, including those at the Deoband seminary in India. As a consultant to several international Islamic financial institutions, he has played a pivotal role in establishing interest-free banking and Islamic financial institutions. He is a member of various global organizations, including the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) based in Jeddah. He presently serves as the Vice-president of

4688: 2495: 1121: 1054:. Qasmi was known for his extensive knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence and was particularly influential in the issuance of fatwas (legal opinions) on a wide range of issues. He authored several books on Islamic law and was respected for his balanced and moderate approach to interpreting Islamic texts. His contributions to Islamic scholarship and the issuance of fatwas have left a lasting impact on the Muslim community in India and beyond. 82: 1098:. Rahmani is a prolific author who has written over 50 books on a wide range of Islamic topics. He established Al-Ma'hadul Ali al-Islami in Hyderabad, where he introduced specialization and super specialization in Islamic education. His broad outlook, ability to provide solutions to modern challenges, and his representation of Islam in the media have earned him widespread respect among all sections of the Muslim community in India. 535: 5189: 576:. They founded the institution in response to what they perceived as a decline in Islamic scholarship in India. Since then, Darul Uloom Deoband has become one of the most influential Islamic institutions globally, training thousands of Islamic scholars and clerics, many of whom have gone on to establish their own madrasas and Islamic institutions. Consequently, Darul Uloom Deoband has become the center of a 3181: 46: 2068: 411: 524: 57: 64: 901:(plural=‘fuqahā’) is a scholar who has gained mastery in interpreting and applying the various sources of Islamic law, including the Quran, Hadith, and the consensus of scholars, to practical situations. Several Deobandi scholars have made significant contributions to Islamic jurisprudence in the Indian subcontinent and beyond, earning recognition as faqihs. These include: 3171: 1839:, with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of Islamic law and its relevance to modern life. The Ulama of Deoband have contributed significantly to this field by exploring the old fiqh literature and compiling unprecedented classical fiqh literature. Their works have become one of the most important sources of modern fiqh literature. For example, 2228: 2431:(AIMPLB) is a non-governmental organization founded in 1973 to protect and defend the Muslim Personal Law in India. The organization was established in response to growing concerns among Indian Muslims regarding the potential erosion of their personal law, and to ensure their right to practice their religion and follow Islamic law. Founded by 2082:. Backed by over 6,000 Islamic scholars, the Fatwa declared that terrorism is anti-Islamic and that killing of innocent people, regardless of their religion or community, is against the principles of Islam. The Fatwa was issued at a conference attended by thousands of Islamic scholars and was seen as a significant move in the fight against 2371:, which criminalized certain offenses according to Islamic law; the Zakat and Ushr Ordinance, which made it mandatory for Muslims to pay a tax on their wealth to support the poor and needy; and the Ramazan Ordinances, which made it illegal for Muslims to eat, drink, or smoke in public during the month of Ramadan. He also appointed 714:, a respected teacher, the responsibility of answering theological queries. After his death, this task was taken on by other teachers until, due to the growing number of people seeking answers, a separate department of fatwa was established within the madrasa in 1892 under the name of Darul Ifta. The department was led by 848:'s definition of Bid'ah via Arbain: "Any practice not reported from the salaf (ancestors) as ibadat (a religious duty) that is performed as ibadat is bidat." Gangohi rejected the classification of good and bad Bid'ah, saying "There is no Bid'ah as a good Bid'ah. The one called good is actually the Sunnat." 764:, is an ultra-conservative newsletter founded by Ahmad Sadeq Desai and published from South Africa. This monthly newsletter covers topics such as Islamic jurisprudence, theology, and contemporary issues, and is recognized for its strong language and uncompromising stance on issues related to Islam. While 725:, and have given rise to various political and religious movements. These movements have been involved in a range of activities, from religious education to political activism and even armed conflict, and continue to play a crucial role in shaping the intellectual and cultural landscape of Sunni Islam. 1022:(1890-1976), was a prominent Islamic scholar and jurist from Bangladesh. He held the position of Grand Mufti of East Pakistan and later Bangladesh, and was widely respected for his profound knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence. Faizullah's significant contribution to Islamic scholarship was his work on 852:

concurred, saying a real Bid'ah would always be bad, and the good Bid'ah is Bid'ah only in form, but in reality, it is Sunnat because it is part of some general principle of religion. According to Thanwi, Bid'ah is defined as accepting any matter that is not part of religion (din) in particular or in

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The Department of Fatwa, also known as Darul Ifta, has its origins in the Indian subcontinent where it was established at Darul Uloom Deoband. The institution was renowned for the ulama (Islamic scholars) who taught there and many people would come from far and wide to seek their guidance on Islamic

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In the 19th century, the British colonial authorities established a system of secular education in India, which had a significant impact on the study of fiqh. Many Muslims saw the study of Islamic law as incompatible with the new education system, and as a result, the study of fiqh began to decline.

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and is considered a leading authority in the Islamic banking sector worldwide. He is regarded as the intellectual head of the Deobandi School and is also respected outside the school as an important figure in the successful Islamic revivalist initiative known as the Deobandi movement. His views and

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are two important concepts in Islamic law that govern how legal opinions are derived and applied. While there are different views on their relative importance, both Taqlid and Ijtihad have a role to play in ensuring that Islamic law is properly interpreted and applied in accordance with the sources

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is predominantly followed in Deobandi madrasas, and includes various texts on Fiqh that have attracted the attention of Deobandi scholars. Many of these texts have been accompanied by notes, translations, or commentaries authored by these scholars. One such text that has been extensively commented

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that extends across South Asia and beyond. These madrasas are commonly known as Deobandi madrasas, named after the town of Deoband and the teachings of Darul Uloom Deoband. Deobandi madrasas prioritize the study of classical Islamic texts such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and Islamic jurisprudence. They

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curriculum. These madrasas are prevalent in various parts of the world, with a particularly strong presence in South Asia, but also in other regions such as Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. In such madrasas, there is often a separate department called Darul Ifta where Deobandi fiqh is

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of 1985. The organization opposed granting maintenance to Shah Bano, a divorced Muslim woman, on the grounds that it would violate the Islamic Personal Law. This case generated a great deal of controversy and led to a heated debate about the role of Islamic law in India. It also highlighted the

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is an Islamic militant group that emerged in Afghanistan in the early 1990s. Their interpretation of Islamic law, known as Sharia, is central to their ideology and political program. They gained control of Afghanistan in the mid-1990s and ruled the country until 2001, when they were ousted by a

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is a legal opinion given by a qualified Islamic scholar, or mufti, regarding a specific issue based on their interpretation of Islamic law, or sharia. Fatwas can cover a wide range of topics, including religious practices, personal conduct, social issues, and political matters. In the Muslim

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is a foundational area of Islamic jurisprudence that studies the principles and methodology behind the derivation of Islamic legal rulings. Deobandi scholars have authored numerous valuable works on Uṣūl al-fiqh. Some examples of the works written by Deobandi scholars on Uṣūl al-fiqh include

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youth went to Deobandi madrasas and Ahmad of Kalat founded a madrasa called Jamia Nasiriya to educate Baloch students. In 1942, the governor of Kalat instructed the head of Jamia Nasiriya to select thirty academically advanced students to send to Darul Uloom Deoband for further study. After

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and around the world. The Deoband Fatwa against Terrorism was welcomed as a positive step towards countering the misuse of religion to promote violence and emphasized that the true teachings of Islam advocate peace, compassion, and non-violence. It continues to serve as a beacon of hope and

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Islamic finance was first introduced in the 1970s as an interest-free banking system. Its primary objective is to ensure that financial transactions comply with Islamic law or shariah, which means avoiding interest-based transactions, excessive uncertainty or risk, and unethical practices.

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refers to a movement within Sunni Islam that originated in the town of Deoband, India, in the late 19th century. The Deobandi movement was initially a reformist movement aimed at reviving traditional Islamic scholarship and practice in the region, and is associated with the founding of the

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completing their studies, the scholars returned to Balochistan and influenced the religious beliefs, customs, culture, and appearance of the Baloch people. Some of the Deobandi scholars served as judges in Balochistan, and some reached the highest judicial positions, namely Qazi-ul-Quzat (

4760: 958:, a primer on Islamic beliefs and practices for children, which covers topics such as the pillars of Islam, the articles of faith, and daily religious practices. The book is widely read and has become a popular textbook in many madrasas in the Indian subcontinent and beyond. 1107:

Deobandi fiqh literature is a rich and extensive collection of Islamic jurisprudence and an essential part of the Islamic legal tradition. The works of Deobandi scholars have made significant contributions to the field of Islamic jurisprudence, including Fatwa collections,

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The Deobandi fiqh is extensively practiced in Afghanistan's judicial system. Additionally, this fiqh is also utilized in several countries for implementing Muslim personal law, issuing halal certificates, and in various other fields, through organizations such as the

1134:) issued by scholars of the Deobandi school of thought. These fatawa offer guidance on various aspects of Islamic law, including worship, transactions, marriage, inheritance, and other important issues. Among the most famous works of Deobandi Fatawa literature is 1012:, a comprehensive collection of legal opinions and rulings that cover a wide range of issues in Islamic law. Although based on the principles of the Hanafi school of Islamic law, he draws from other schools of Islamic law, such as the Shafi'i and Maliki schools. 950:(1864-1948), who was born in Delhi, was a respected faqih and a well-known scholar of Islamic law in the Indian subcontinent. He was an expert in the Hanafi school of thought and a prominent member of the Deobandi school of thought. His most significant work is 755:

in Pakistan that primarily focuses on topics related to the Deobandi school of thought. This magazine features articles covering Islamic theology, jurisprudence, history, and contemporary issues affecting the Muslim community. Known for its conservative views,

490:), and other sources of Islamic law to derive legal rulings for specific situations. The Deobandi scholars and leaders have also emphasized the need to purify Islamic practice from what they see as deviations and innovations, and to resist the influence of 1584:

is a detailed introduction to the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that covers topics such as the sources of Islamic law, the different types of evidence used in Islamic legal reasoning, and the principles used to derive legal rulings from the sources.

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fiqh that is influenced by their own intellectual tradition and religious outlook. Deobandi fiqh emphasizes a strict adherence to the Quran and Sunnah, and follows a methodology of legal reasoning that is based on the principles and teachings of Imam

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was a well-known Islamic scholar and jurist who was born in India in 1916. He studied under various scholars and eventually became a mufti himself, issuing fatwas (legal opinions) on various Islamic matters. He authored a number of books, including

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According to scholars, there are approximately 500 verses in the Quran that relate to Islamic rulings. Fiqh al-Quran is a branch of Islamic jurisprudence that deals with instructions and rulings for Muslims in the Quran. Ahkam al-Quran, written by

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is an introduction to the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that covers topics such as the sources of Islamic law, the different types of evidence used in Islamic legal reasoning, and the principles used to derive legal rulings from the sources.

2133:. However, some Deobandi scholars have raised concerns that modern Islamic banking and finance fall short of the minimum requirements needed to make it truly Islamic. They have produced a detailed critique of Islamic banking in a work titled 1144:. This comprehensive collection of legal opinions covers a broad range of topics, including worship, marriage, trade, and inheritance, and is highly respected for its detailed and nuanced analysis of legal issues. Other notable works include 1060:, popularly known as Faqihul Millat, was born in 1920 in Brahmanbaria, Bangladesh. He was a prominent Islamic scholar and jurist who served as the Grand Mufti of Bangladesh and was known as the "Jurist of the Nation." In 1991, he founded the 918:, a collection of his fatwas on various Islamic legal issues, is considered one of his most important works. Known for their detail and depth, the fatwas in this collection remain a valuable resource for scholars and students of Islamic law. 768:

has faced criticism for promoting intolerance and extremism, it still holds a significant following among conservative Muslims in South Africa and has been influential in shaping the discourse surrounding Islam in the country. Additionally,

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is a concise introduction to the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that covers the sources of Islamic law, the different types of evidence used in Islamic legal reasoning, and the principles used to derive legal rulings from the sources.

4752: 2196:, this trend has become increasingly prevalent. Many adherents of Deobandi fiqh use online platforms to disseminate their fatwas. To preserve historical records of the seminary and make them more accessible to scholars and researchers, 934:(1863-1943), was another renowned figure in Islamic scholarship and a leading figure in the Deobandi school of Islamic thought. He wrote several works on Islamic law and spirituality and was known for his contributions to the field of 1610:

by Mehraban Ali Barotvi is a short yet comprehensive book that aims to simplify the memorization of terms related to Uṣūl al-fiqh, providing a list of the terms used in Islamic jurisprudence, their definitions, and their usage.

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During the period of British colonial rule in India, there was a debate among Muslims over the permissibility of Western English education. The Deobandi scholars permitted the learning of English but with certain conditions.

981:(1919-1996) was also a notable Islamic scholar and jurist from India. He was a student of several renowned scholars and was known for his expertise in Hanafi fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). He authored several works, including 733:

In addition to the established networks of madrasas and similar institutions, Deobandi fiqh operates today through various Islamic organizations that frequently organize seminars and publish research papers. For example, the

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by Jamil Ahmad Sikrodwi talks about the authenticity of consensus and analogy. These works provide a detailed explanation of the methodology used in Islamic jurisprudence and the principles that govern its legal rulings.

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and its supporters combined. The Askimam website reflects the Deobandi Hanafi school of thought's outlook and recommends that people following other Sunni schools of thought seek guidance from their respective scholars.

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and morality, and emphasizes the need for Muslims to lead a pious and virtuous life. Deobandi fiqh has had a significant influence on Islamic education and scholarship, particularly in South Asia and among the global

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was compiled and published in 2020 by the IRCB. The book is a comprehensive compilation of over 5,000 fatwas on various topics of Islamic law and is significant as it is the first complete fatwa book in the Bengali

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The methodology of Deobandi fiqh is largely based on the principles and teachings of the Hanafi school of thought, which emphasizes the importance of scholarly consensus (ijma), analogy (qiyas), and legal reasoning

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is a book that exclusively deals with the matter of Islamic verdicts in the Islamic court, shedding light on the history of the Islamic judiciary and discussing the necessary conditions of deduction and inference.

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in 1866. Deobandism and Fiqh are closely related, the scholars and leaders associated with the Deobandi movement, particularly those from the Darul Uloom Deoband in India, have developed a unique interpretation of

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was a prominent Islamic scholar and religious leader in Pakistan who had a deep knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). He was born on June 10, 1938, in the city of Ludhiana, Punjab, India, and was taught by

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In addition to the extensive collection of fatwas, Deobandi scholars have produced countless pieces of literature on both general and specific fiqh topics. One of the most notable works in this tradition is

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respectively, are two renowned works on this topic. Deobandi scholars have also contributed significantly to this field, including the compilation of a lengthy and voluminous collection of a book entitled

807:) in the interpretation and application of Islamic law. The Deobandi scholars also place a strong emphasis on the study of the Quran and Hadith, as well as the works of classical Islamic scholars, such as 4574: 1190:, both considered his most comprehensive works on the subject. The former is a compilation of his fatwas on various topics, while the latter is a seven-volume collection of his detailed legal opinions. 773:, a research-oriented monthly magazine published from Bangladesh and associated with Markazud Dawah Al Islamia, has gained recognition for its high-quality publications since its establishment in 2005. 2141:, addressing each point made against Islamic banking. The intra-Deobandi debate on Islamic banking has been ongoing for several decades, and there is no consensus among Deobandi scholars on the issue. 4542: 2452:, which overturned the Supreme Court's decision in the Shah Bano case and restricted the payment of maintenance to a limited period after divorce. The AIMPLB has also opposed attempts to introduce a 1112:(Uṣūl al-fiqh), modern issues, Fiqh al quran, Fiqh al Hadith, and commentary on traditional texts. These works continue to be widely studied and referenced by scholars and students of Islamic law. 3684:

Trends in the interpretation of Islamic law as reflected in the Fatāwá literature of Deoband School: a study of the attitudes of the 'Ulamā' of Deoband to certain social problems and inventions

954:, a comprehensive collection of his fatwas on various legal issues. The book, which is divided into nine volumes, is a valuable resource for scholars and students of Islamic law. He also wrote 993:(1918-2000) was a well-known Islamic scholar and jurist from India. He was known for his expertise in Hanafi fiqh and was a prolific writer and teacher. He authored several works, including 3730: 3832: 2339: 2168:, aimed to dispel misunderstandings held by Shiites from an Islamic perspective and called for vigilance against them. However, in December 1987, Nomani issued a fatwa branding Shias as 2204:, and established an Online Fatwa Department in 2005. By 2016, it had become the world's largest bilingual fatwa website. Notably, in 2010, almost 40% of the fatwas were issued online. 1598:

by Obaidullah Asadi is a classic text on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that provides a comprehensive and systematic explanation of the foundational principles of Islamic law.

2449: 355:, which originated in India in the late 19th century and has since spread to other parts of the world, particularly in South Asia. Deobandi fiqh emphasizes a strict adherence to the 3240: 2789: 928:, one of his most important works, is an extensive and detailed exposition of Hanafi fiqh and is regarded as one of the most authoritative works on Hanafi fiqh in the Urdu language. 710:

regulations. However, due to the ulama's teaching commitments, they were often unable to provide timely answers to people's questions. To address this issue, the madrasa assigned

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by Khalid Saifullah Rahmani is a concise and informative overview of Uṣūl al-fiqh that provides an easy-to-understand explanation of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, and

3951: 2439:, this Deobandi-dominated organization has a long history of advocating for the Muslim Personal Law in India. The AIMPLB's stance was brought into question during the landmark 3783: 2055:, a leading Deobandi scholar, allowed the learning of English on the condition that it does not result in any sinful actions or harm to religion. Another influential scholar, 4660: 2731: 507:

However, in the late 19th century, there was a significant revival of interest in Islamic scholarship in India, leading to the establishment of many new madrasas, among them

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in 2000, is another example of the digitalization of Deobandi fiqh. It has been lauded for being more influential, wide-ranging, and comprehensive than the web resources of

498:. This has led to a particular focus on issues of Islamic identity, morality, and education, as well as a critical engagement with contemporary political and social issues. 1576:

covers the principles and rules of Hanafi Fiqh, providing a detailed explanation of the methodology used in Hanafi Fiqh and the principles that govern its legal rulings.

2427:, which dates back to the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937. This law pertains to matters such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance for Muslims. The 2363:, who himself followed the Deobandi school of thought, gave priority to implementing Sunni policies and laws that were in line with Deobandi fiqh during his efforts to 4284: 2513: 5156: 2541: 819:. In addition to these traditional sources of Islamic knowledge, the Deobandi fiqh also draws on the teachings and practices of the founder of the Deobandi movement, 4309: 1869:

is a collection of research papers on different modern issues of Fiqh, compiled in six volumes. Taqi Usmani wrote several works on modern economic issues, including

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Fiqh al-Hadith is the study of Islamic jurisprudence based on Hadith literature. Deobandi scholars have made significant contributions in this field. They published

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have received mixed reactions from Muslims. While some have accepted Islamic finance as being in accordance with Islamic law, many ulama view it as equivalent to

4564: 912:. A prominent member of the Deobandi school of thought, he was renowned for his deep understanding of Islamic law, particularly in the Hanafi school of thought. 5098: 3450: 3372: 2012: 1779: 4532: 4800: 2918: 2274:, were dispatched to Kalat and after drafting laws, Shamsul Haq Afghani remained in Balochistan to take charge of the administration of religious affairs. 2200:

has decided to digitize hundreds of thousands of fatwas that have been issued since 1866. In 2002, Darul Uloom Deoband started its website journey, named

1885:(Modern Contemporary Issues) discusses the challenges of modern times from an Islamic perspective. Other notable works of modern fiqh literature include 4510: 1527:, a dictionary of Fiqh, by Khalid Saifullah Raḥmāni in five volumes, are also important works. Burhanuddin Sambhali addresses social issues in his book 3294: 1847:(Shari'ah rulings of modern tools), which explores the Islamic perspective on modern technology. Other notable works of modern fiqh literature include 1225:

Deobandi Fatwa literature also includes various collections of fatwas authored by prominent scholars of the Deobandi school. These collections include

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is a well-known organization dedicated to promoting Islamic jurisprudence and providing guidance on religious issues. Established in 1989 under the

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practiced, serving as the primary source for the development of Deobandi fiqh. In India, numerous madrasas follow the Deobandi teachings, including

5231: 4342: 3714: 2930: 1799: 1789: 635: 327: 3822: 1090:(born 1956) is another contemporary Deobandi faqih who specializes in Islamic jurisprudence. He currently serves as the General Secretary of the 745:

The Deobandi fiqh utilizes a variety of methods for development, including the publication of magazines and newsletters. One such publication is

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by Abul Kalam Shafeeque is a valuable book that discusses all areas of the principles of jurisprudence in a comprehensive and detailed manner.

4411: 4081: 3926: 3897: 3252: 2801: 2725: 2616: 2575: 631: 1046:, India, and passed away on 4 April 2002. He was a renowned Islamic scholar and served as the Chief Mufti of Imarat-e-Shari'yah, founder of 2516:

issued a verdict banning all types of fatwas. This decision sparked the formation of the "Fatwa Protection Movement" in Bangladesh, led by

1749:, an encyclopedia of Hadiths related to fiqhi rulings, and edited and published many old books written by earlier Hanafi scholars, such as 3133: 2367:. As President of Pakistan from 1977 to 1988, Zia-ul-Haq introduced several measures to create a more Islamic society. These included the 5093: 2440: 2428: 1751:

Bughyat al-Alma'i fi Takhrij al-Zaila'i, Al-Hujjah 'ala Ahl al-Madīnah, Sharh Kitab al-Athar, Fath al-Rahman fi Ithbat Madhhab al-Nu'man

1545: 1540: 1109: 1051: 797: 739: 372: 261: 117: 2604: 2192:, offering scholars a new platform to provide guidance to a global audience. With the widespread availability and accessibility of the 721:

Deobandi fiqh and its affiliated movement have since gained considerable influence in many parts of the Islamic world, particularly in

3761: 3629: 2129: 1759: 1061: 3692: 2837: 5134: 4984: 4014: 2711: 1769: 1075:, born on October 5, 1943, is a renowned scholar of Deobandi movement who specializes in contemporary fiqh issues. He is the son of 4650: 2411:, who are also prominent Deobandi figures, have acted as leading judges on the Federal Shariat Court and Shariat Appellate Bench. 1953:

Deobandi scholars also make noteworthy contributions to the field of Islamic jurisprudence through the authoring of comprehensive

1435:, is another notable work from the Deobandi tradition. It contains fiqhi issues in a question-and-answer style and is authored by 944:, is widely respected for its clarity and accessibility, making it an essential resource for scholars and students of Islamic law. 5139: 2127:, have engaged globally in articulating Islamic finance theory and overseeing its implementation, authoring many books including 4958: 4337: 3918: 1637:, compiled by Zaid Mazahiri, which discusses the final decision on following an Imam and making an independent interpretation. 4375: 3096: 5216: 1917:

offers insights into Islamic financial principles related to bank insurance and government loans. Khalid Saifullah Rahmani's

1863:(Islam and the Issues of the Modern Age), which explores a range of modern issues from an Islamic perspective. Taqi Usmani's 5176: 4171: 2830:"The construction of Deobandī 'Ulamā's religious authority in Pakistan : a study of their journal, Bayyināt, 1962-1977" 1735:

being one of the most prominent works that elaborates on the verses pertaining to fiqhi issues and explains them in detail.

924:(1892-1974) was a leading figure in the Deobandi school of thought and authored numerous works on Islamic law and theology. 375:, or Islamic jurisprudence, and is known for its strict interpretation of Islamic law. It also emphasizes the importance of 5028: 4299: 2717: 4254: 4627: 3864: 2288: 1905:(Family Planning and Islamic Teachings) discusses family planning in light of Islamic teachings. Burhanuddin Sambhali's 1091: 1016:

is highly regarded among scholars of Islamic law and is often used as a reference for fatwas in many parts of the world.

735: 627: 257: 4095: 3327: 5108: 4447: 4125: 2384: 2165: 2116: 2109: 2092: 1047: 695: 320: 290: 4793: 3431: 1064:(IRCB), which was established for advanced research in Islamic jurisprudence and law. Under Chatgami's supervision, 1024: 5192: 5103: 4786: 3353: 2240: 1812: 1168: 703: 623: 599: 560: 245: 228: 3860:

Private Muftīs in a Postcolonial State: A Study of Legal Reasoning among Deobandī Ḥanafīs in Contemporary Pakistan

2087:

inspiration for all those who seek to promote peace and understanding between different communities and cultures.

441:), in order to derive legal rulings for specific situations. Fiqh covers a wide range of topics including acts of 5033: 4979: 4569: 2400: 2392: 1721:

is another important work on the subject, which discusses the rulings and etiquettes of Sufism and spirituality.

1500: 1342: 1242: 577: 241: 203: 776:

Typically, the Deobandi fiqh adheres to the Hanafi school of thought, but in some madrasas in South Africa, the

4953: 4943: 4913: 4888: 4878: 4863: 2364: 2020: 1890: 1794: 1710: 1564: 1520: 1334: 1159: 1087: 820: 595: 569: 385: 303: 199: 109: 2003:, a comprehensive thirty-volume collection of Islamic jurisprudence that was edited by Shabbir Ahmad Qasmi of 4500: 1028:, which is a comprehensive collection of Islamic legal opinions or fatwas. Faizullah served as head mufti at 4371: 3323: 3280: 2292: 1840: 1726: 1714: 1622: 1464: 1448: 1179: 1076: 1005: 961: 683: 591: 458: 159: 4469: 3204: 5211: 2861:"Maulana Ahmad Sadeq Desai and his The Majlis: an ultra-conservative voice in the Eastern Cape Wilderness" 1219: 1000: 816: 752: 655: 313: 171: 2891: 2638:

The Contribution of Deoband School to Hanafi Fiqh A Study of Its Response to Modern Issues and Challenges

2565: 1999: 1977:, an encyclopedic book that covers all common and sophisticated issues related to the most valued act of 1731: 4908: 4873: 4868: 4187: 2436: 2396: 2388: 2267: 2201: 1930: 1697: 1616: 1590: 1515:, edited by Shabbir Ahmad Qasmi in 20 volumes, are both notable works in the Deobandi fatwa literature. 1472: 1418: 1386: 1378: 1370: 1282: 1195: 1095: 1057: 1035: 1029: 978: 921: 781: 715: 679: 675: 671: 619: 556: 277: 183: 179: 163: 147: 4332: 2912: 2448:, which sought to introduce reforms in the Muslim Personal Law. In response, the government passed the 2395:

to ensure that all laws were in accordance with Islamic principles. Leading Deobandi scholars, such as

1997:

Deobandi scholars have also been involved in working on Fiqh manuscripts, including the publication of

1626:

is a comprehensive guide to the principles and etiquette of issuing fatwas in Islamic law, authored by

1495:, a series of books on various topics of Fiqh in seven volumes. Other works on specific issues include 983: 1679:, with several renowned scholars having authored detailed commentaries on it, including the 16-volume 5221: 4948: 4938: 4933: 4903: 4893: 4883: 4858: 3167: 2529: 2504: 2328: 2315: 2307: 2052: 1784: 1581: 1436: 1410: 1390: 1234: 1163: 1141: 947: 905: 841: 643: 573: 155: 135: 425:. It is the process of understanding and interpreting the sources of Islamic law, which include the 5113: 5052: 5018: 5013: 4928: 3129: 2897: 2432: 2424: 2360: 2344: 2271: 2259: 2243: 2215: 2197: 1865: 1856: 1848: 1774: 1764: 1654: 1633:

Another example of Deobandi works on Uṣūl al-fiqh includes Ijtihad awr Taqlid ka Akhiri Faisala by

1480: 1467:, is a useful resource. Compendiums of Islamic law regarding Muslim Personal Laws in India include 1081: 845: 639: 508: 469: 93: 74: 5062: 4006: 2303: 5144: 4304: 4087: 4036: 3956: 3506: 3176: 2747: 2517: 2453: 2236: 2153: 2097: 2083: 2071: 1706: 1136: 1019: 914: 699: 687: 216: 175: 98: 3119: 5072: 4963: 4923: 4918: 4809: 4407: 4278: 4077: 4010: 3932: 3922: 3893: 3791: 3722: 3688: 3498: 3248: 3088: 2797: 2721: 2612: 2571: 2485: 2444:

tensions between the AIMPLB and the Indian state, particularly the Congress government led by

2356: 2173: 2056: 1634: 1573: 1428: 1203: 1151: 931: 892: 849: 777: 651: 512: 464: 405: 352: 151: 2011:, a book on judicature written by Qazi Emadudeen, which was published in four volumes by the 1957:

books. Inamul Haque Qasmi is one such scholar who has authored several such works, including

1757:. Deobandi scholars' Hadith commentaries generally contain jurisprudential material, such as 1176:, both collections of legal opinions issued by scholars of prestigious Islamic institutions. 4655: 4601: 4505: 4163: 4069: 4002: 3888: 3827: 3625: 3488: 3446: 3368: 2922: 2645: 2494: 2368: 2251: 2177: 1941:, which cover topics ranging from endowments to modern business modes. Zainul Islam Qasmi's 1745: 1266: 1254: 1211: 1120: 990: 691: 611: 568:

Darul Uloom Deoband was established on May 30, 1866, by a group of Islamic scholars, led by

167: 3753: 3610: 1553:

by Maulavi Ainullah, which is an explanatory commentary on the famous book of Hanafi Fiqh,

5226: 5118: 5057: 5044: 4898: 4367:

The Deobandi Madrassas in India and their elusion of Jihadi Politics: Lessons for Pakistan

4048: 3682: 2829: 2759: 2189: 1836: 1832: 1642: 1290: 1146: 940: 711: 491: 222: 104: 421:

is a term used in Islamic jurisprudence to refer to the understanding and application of

482:, the founder of the Hanafi school. This methodology involves the use of legal analogy ( 5077: 3996: 2255: 2161: 1921:

comprise a five-volume collection of modern Fiqhi rulings, while Shabbir Ahmad Qasmi's

1828: 1423: 780:

fiqh is also taught and practiced, depending on the situation. One such institution is

667: 647: 603: 552: 450: 376: 3207:[Fatawa-e Faqihul Millat: The first complete fatwa book in Bengali language]. 1008:. He is also renowned for his contributions to Islamic jurisprudence through his work 534: 81: 5205: 5023: 4823: 3510: 3279:

Ghāzi Qāsmi, Aftāb; Haseeb Qāsmi, Abdul (February 2011). "Khalid Saifullah Rahmani".

2641: 2420: 2408: 2348: 2280: 2275: 2211: 2078:

In 2008, the Islamic scholars of Darul Uloom Deoband issued a historic Fatwa against

2004: 1725:

books written by Deobandi scholars also deal with the subject of Fiqh al-Quran, with

1669: 1274: 663: 659: 615: 607: 587: 582: 474: 348: 1985:, a book that delves into various contemporary issues related to daily prayers, and 1945:

is a two-volume work on some of the most important Fiqhi rulings of the modern era.

1206:, which is considered an authoritative reference in the Deobandi school of thought. 5067: 4365: 3209: 3076: 2445: 2232: 1954: 1804: 1487:, a book on different fiqhi issues, is authored by Shabbir Ahmad Moradabadi, while 454: 45: 2067: 1451:. Asghar Hussain Deobandi has also compiled a book of fatwas given by Muhammad in 1198:, covering a wide range of topics related to Islamic law. Another notable work is 410: 4401: 4207: 4151: 1491:

is a book on rulings of Hajj and Umrah by the same author. Rif'at Qasmi authored

760:

enjoys popularity among the Deobandi community in Pakistan. Another publication,

5001: 4693: 2404: 2372: 2311: 2263: 2124: 1627: 1314: 1072: 785: 747: 495: 195: 113: 56: 4065:

Islam in the Digital Age: E-Jihad, Online Fatwas and Cyber Islamic Environments

3998:

Darul Uloom Deoband's Approach to Social Issues: Image, Reality, and Perception

3493: 3476: 2180:, the Grand Mufti of Pakistan, who issued a separate fatwa to the same effect. 1032:, renowned for its scholarship and for producing many notable Islamic scholars. 938:(Islamic mysticism). His collection of fatwas on various Islamic legal issues, 523: 4565:"Muslim Law Board Plans To Open Sharia Courts In All Districts Of The Country" 2150: 1824: 1675: 1555: 971: 812: 808: 722: 686:

are notable. The United Kingdom also has several Deobandi madrasas, including

479: 446: 63: 4619: 4228: 3936: 3858: 3795: 3726: 3502: 3092: 1929:

are collections of research papers on Fiqhi and modern issues, respectively.

1901:(Usury and Interest) explores the Islamic perspective on interest, while his 1443:, a book on the annulment of nikah, is authored by Abd al-Samad Rahmani, and 987:, which is a collection of his legal opinions on a variety of Islamic topics. 4537: 4152:"Advent of Deobandi Thinking in India and Its Impact on Iranian Baluchistan" 4091: 4063: 3317: 2465: 2423:

with a Muslim minority, the country has a separate set of laws known as the

2079: 1909:

provides a Shari'ah-compliant solution to modern economic issues, while his

1693: 1130:

Deobandi Fatwa literature comprises compilations of Islamic legal opinions (

1094:. Rahmani obtained his degree from Darul Uloom Deoband and is the nephew of 1039: 4439: 837: 832: 4167: 2914:

Deobandis Abroad: Sufism, Ethics and Polemics in a Global Islamic Movement

4829: 4598:

The role of Imarate Sharia in development of muslim personal law in India

4073: 2193: 2172:

or non-believers. This declaration was endorsed by hundreds of prominent

898: 888: 364: 4117: 2649: 2123:

and therefore prohibited in Islam. Prominent Deobandi scholars, such as

1989:, a book that encompasses a wide range of rulings related to traveling. 5005: 4605: 4208:"Qada (Judiciary) – MJC (SA) | Muslim Judicial Council of South Africa" 3952:"UP: Darul Uloom Deoband to digitise lakhs of fatwas issued since 1866" 3290: 3205:"ফাতাওয়ায়ে ফকীহুল মিল্লাত: বাংলা ভাষায় প্রথম পূর্ণাঙ্গ ফতোয়াগ্রন্থ" 2926: 2893:

Islamic Jurisprudence in Bengali (1947–2006): Forms and Characteristics

2376: 2323: 2227: 2207: 875: 866: 804: 442: 401: 273: 3121:ফিকহ শাস্ত্রে মুফতি মুহাম্মদ ফয়জুল্লাহর অবদান : একটি পর্যালােচনা 1823:

Modern fiqh literature covers a range of contemporary issues, such as

1507:

by Badrul Hasan Qasmi, which discusses rulings related to horse meat.

433:(the actions and sayings of Muhammad), the consensus of the scholars ( 4835: 4255:"Taliban to impose their interpretation of Sharia law in Afghanistan" 3915:

The Deoband Madrassah movement: countercultural trends and tendencies

3611:"Services of Deobandi Scholars in the Realm of Jurisprudence Science" 3432:"Services of Deobandi Scholars in the Realm of Jurisprudence Science" 3354:"Services of Deobandi Scholars in the Realm of Jurisprudence Science" 3319:

Trends in the justificatory force of the Fatawa of the Deobandi mufti

2461: 2380: 1722: 935: 909: 871: 862: 430: 422: 368: 360: 4778: 4501:"The All India Muslim Personal Law Board Continues to Be Regressive" 3823:"Anti-Terror Fatwa Endorsed by 100,000 Bangladeshi Islamic Scholars" 2860: 1973:, a comprehensive book that deals with sacrificial-related matters, 1897:(Foundations of Islamic Banking) by Taqi Usmani. Ubaidullah Asadi's 638:. Pakistan also has a strong presence of Deobandi madrasas, such as 367:), and seeks to ensure that all aspects of daily life are guided by 1935:

Shares awr Company, Darurat-o-Hajat, Jadīd Tijarati Shaklain, Awqaf

1877:(Islam and Modern Economic Issues) in eight volumes. He also wrote 3892:(in Bengali). Vol. 3. Dhaka: Muhammad Brothers. p. 203. 2567:

Islamic Law and the Legal System of Saudí: Studies of Saudi Arabia

2469: 2457: 2338: 2302: 2226: 2169: 2066: 2038: 2032: 1978: 1966: 1961:, a four-volume book that covers all aspects of the pilgrimage of 1131: 1119: 1043: 483: 438: 426: 409: 356: 4722:"Six Martyrs of Fatwa: Whose blood has earned the right of Fatwa" 3652: 3650: 1881:(Fiqhi Rulings of Business) in two volumes. Badrul Hasan Qasmi's 4753:"How far has the initiative to form the 'National Fatwa Board'?" 4533:"All India Muslim Personal Law Board opposes Uniform Civil Code" 2120: 1962: 487: 434: 418: 397: 381: 344: 4782: 3784:"Terrorism is 'haram': 1 lakh Bangladeshi clerics say in fatwa" 1427:

is a popular book containing fiqh and other issues, written by

1218:

is a comprehensive collection of religious rulings compiled by

4333:"Taliban 'Tribal Version': Shari'a Is Not The Same Everywhere" 3563: 3561: 3559: 853:

general, as part of din by way of acknowledgment or practice.

4689:"Fatwa verdict of Supreme Court should be taken in textbooks" 3287:

Services of the Graduates of Deoband in Islamic Jurisprudence

2403:, have served as members of the Council of Islamic Ideology. 1933:

has edited several collections of research papers, including

3245:

Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World: Digital Collection

2794:

Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World: Digital Collection

4253:

Mogul, Sahar Akbarzai,Shafi Kakar,Rhea (15 November 2022).

2254:

is one of the earliest examples of its use. In 1939, ruler

1855:, which discusses the Islamic approach to family planning. 1417:, a treatise on the Friday prayer in villages, authored by 3126:

Contribution of Mufti Muhammad Faizullah to Fiqh: A Review

2375:, a prominent Deobandi scholar known as the father of the 1503:, which addresses rulings related to errors in Salah, and 969:, which is a commentary on the famous Hanafi legal text, 2090:

Another notable Deobandi fatwa against terrorism, named

4300:"Explainer: The Taliban and Islamic law in Afghanistan" 3580: 3578: 3576: 3546: 3544: 2974: 2972: 2520:. Ten years later, in 2011, an appeal was heard in the 2450:

Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986

3430:

Qasmi, Muhammad Sajjad Hussain (July–September 2019).

2210:, founded by South African Islamic scholar and jurist 3609:

Qasmi, Muhammad Sajjad Hussain (January–March 2020).

2676: 2674: 2661: 2659: 1511:, edited by Qādi Sajjad Hussain in five volumes, and 2019:, an old book on Islamic issues that was revived by 5169: 5127: 5086: 5042: 5000: 4993: 4972: 4851: 4816: 4229:"VIDEO: ACJU clears the air on Halal certification" 3077:"Life And Services Of Mufti Rasheed Ahmad Ludyanvi" 2716:(in Bengali) (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: 2359:of thought has the majority following in Pakistan. 2262:be sent to Kalat to draft laws and create unity in 1357:by Shabbir Ahmad Qasmi of Morādābād in 26 volumes, 297: 283: 267: 251: 235: 209: 189: 141: 129: 23: 3863:(PhD). The University of Chicago. pp. 12–17. 3754:"Darool-Uloom Deoband issues fatwa against terror" 3477:"Usûlü'l-İftâ ve Âdâbuhû, Muhammed Takî el-Osmânî" 3352:Qasmi, Muhammad Sajjad Hussain (April–June 2020). 2528:. The committee included prominent muftis such as 1807:. One of the important works on Fiqh al-Hadith is 4600:. india: Aligarh Muslim University. p. 360. 4192:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 3174:[Faqihul Millat Mufti Abdur Rahman Rh.]. 2640:(PhD thesis). India: Centre for Federal Studies, 3081:The International Research Journal of Usooluddin 2188:The digitization of fatwas reflects the current 1873:(Islam and Modern Economy) in seven volumes and 702:. An example of a Deobandi madrasa from Iran is 2468:, with its headquarters located in the city of 1717:, and Jameel Ahmad Thanwi. Ashraf Ali Thanwi's 1513:Fatawa Tatārkhāniya of Alim Abul Ala al-Dehlawi 1509:Fatawa Tatarkhaniya of Alim Abul Ala al-Dehlawi 5150:The Deoband School And The Demand For Pakistan 2705: 2703: 2701: 2526:Al-Haiatul Ulya Lil-Jamiatil Qawmia Bangladesh 2074:, a prominent Deobandi scholar from Bangladesh 581:follow a traditional methodology known as the 5099:Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasa Education Commission 4794: 1210:is a collection of selected fatwas issued by 718:, the first mufti appointed to the position. 674:. In South Africa, Deobandi madrasas such as 614:. In Bangladesh, these madrasas are known as 321: 8: 4283:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4001:. UK: Oxford University Press. p. 189. 2609:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World 2013:Kuwait Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs 2007:in 23 thick volumes. Additionally, there is 2919:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2542:Index of Deobandi movement–related articles 2250:The implementation of Deobandi fiqh in the 2231:Ahmad of Kalat (left) pictured next to his 1431:. The famous series of books for children, 1309:by Meharban Ali Barotwi and Ishaq Multani, 4997: 4801: 4787: 4779: 1913:tackles modern medical issues. Sambhali's 351:of Islamic law. It is associated with the 328: 314: 4007:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198092063.003.0009 3492: 1809:Fath al-Rahman Fi Isbat-e-Mazhab al-Noman 4682: 4680: 4678: 4406:. Carnegie Endowment. pp. 131–159. 3852: 3850: 3293:: Kutub Khana Naimia. pp. 395–410. 2158:Irani Inqilaab Imam Khumaini Aur Sheeyat 1359:Din-e-Fitrat: Ap ke Masayil awr unka Hal 1297:by Muhammad Ya'qub Sharodi of Pakistan, 908:, born in 1828 in the Indian village of 3715:"Deoband first: A fatwa against terror" 3425: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3347: 3345: 2553: 1959:Hajj Wa Umrah ke Masail Ka Encyclopedia 1800:Maarif al-Sunan sharh Sunan al-Tirmidhi 636:Jamiatul Uloom Al-Islamia Lalkhan Bazar 4687:Khan, Mizanur Rahman (11 March 2015). 4276: 4185: 4044: 4034: 3668: 3184:from the original on 15 September 2022 2978: 2963: 2951: 2865:Annual Review of Islam in South Africa 2755: 2745: 384:. It plays a foundational role in the 20: 4763:from the original on 22 February 2023 4732:from the original on 22 February 2023 4701:from the original on 22 February 2023 4651:"Darul Qaza row: A storm in a teacup" 4630:from the original on 20 February 2023 4577:from the original on 20 February 2023 4545:from the original on 12 November 2022 4499:Sajjad, Mohammad (13 February 2018). 4440:"All India Muslim Personal Law Board" 4420:from the original on 22 February 2023 4403:Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military 4395: 4393: 4345:from the original on 19 February 2023 4145: 4143: 4098:from the original on 11 February 2023 4023:from the original on 22 February 2023 3982: 3964:from the original on 22 February 2023 3886:Nadwi, Abul Hasan Ali Hasani (2016). 3867:from the original on 5 September 2022 3802:from the original on 22 February 2023 3656: 3635:from the original on 22 February 2023 3596: 3584: 3567: 3550: 3535: 3523: 3456:from the original on 22 February 2023 3408: 3396: 3378:from the original on 22 February 2023 3297:from the original on 18 February 2023 3261:from the original on 22 February 2023 3234: 3232: 3217:from the original on 18 February 2023 3172:"ফকিহুল মিল্লাত মুফতি আবদুর রহমান রহ" 3154: 3136:from the original on 17 November 2019 3099:from the original on 18 February 2023 3062: 3050: 3038: 3026: 3014: 3002: 2990: 2810:from the original on 22 February 2023 2772: 2692: 2680: 2665: 2584:from the original on 22 February 2023 2223:Implementation in different countries 1645:is the preface of the fiqhi textbook 1517:Mukhtarat al-Nawazil of al-Marghinani 1447:is a book on inheritance authored by 1415:Ahsan al-Qira fi Tawziḥ Awthaq al-Ura 632:Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah Obaidia Nanupur 371:. It places a strong emphasis on the 7: 4663:from the original on 11 January 2022 4312:from the original on 29 January 2023 4265:from the original on 16 January 2023 4174:from the original on 1 November 2022 3835:from the original on 22 October 2021 3695:from the original on 1 November 2022 3330:from the original on 2 November 2022 2933:from the original on 30 October 2022 2871:from the original on 2 February 2022 2840:from the original on 1 November 2022 2783: 2781: 2734:from the original on 5 December 2020 2625:from the original on 21 October 2022 2559: 2557: 751:, a monthly magazine published from 414:Masjid-e Rashid, Darul Uloom Deoband 5094:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 4378:from the original on 30 August 2022 4118:"Questioning guidelines at Askimam" 3733:from the original on 5 January 2023 2429:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 1541:Principles of Islamic jurisprudence 1110:Principles of Islamic jurisprudence 1052:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 798:Principles of Islamic jurisprudence 740:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 262:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 118:All India Muslim Personal Law Board 4751:Rabbani, Ragib (31 January 2020). 4720:Rabbani, Ragib (31 January 2020). 4513:from the original on 19 March 2022 4156:Journal of Subcontinent Researches 4128:from the original on 21 April 2015 3203:Sharif, Qasem (16 November 2020). 2859:Haron, Muhammed (1 January 2003). 2347:(right) in Meeting with President 2156:, which led to the publication of 2130:An Introduction to Islamic Finance 1871:Islam awr Jadid Ma'ishat w Tijarat 1570:Fiqh-e-Hanafi K-e-Usool Wa Zawabit 1459:. For those undertaking the Hajj, 1062:Islamic Research Center Bangladesh 14: 4480:from the original on 20 June 2021 4400:Haqqani, Husain (10 March 2010). 3475:Şahi̇n, Ünal (30 December 2020). 3316:Moosagie, Mohammed Allie (1995). 3282:Fuzala-e-Deoband Ki Fiqhi Khidmat 3128:] (PhD) (in Bengali). Dhaka: 3075:Iqbal, Tariq (10 December 2019). 2318:, a Deobandi madrasa in Pakistan. 2176:in India and Pakistan, including 2137:. In response, Taqi Usmani wrote 1971:Qurbani Ke Masail Ka Encyclopedia 1604:Al-Qawaed al-Fiqhiya al-Mahmoodia 1038:was born on 1936, in the town of 511:, which became the center of the 5188: 5187: 5140:Islamic Revival in British India 4450:from the original on 1 July 2022 4298:Ibrahim, Arwa (23 August 2021). 3950:Kumar, Sudhir (10 August 2022). 3681:Mas’ūd, Muḥammad Khālid (1969). 2896:(PhD) (in Bengali). Bangladesh: 2890:Golam Charwar, Muhammad (2013). 2493: 2484: 1915:Bank Insurance awr Sarkari Qarde 1755:Rasool-e-Akram Ka Tariqa-e-Namaz 1523:and others in four volumes, and 1229:by Shaft Sahab Usmani Deobandi, 542: 533: 522: 80: 73: 62: 55: 44: 4959:Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi 4649:Agnes, Flavia (1 August 2018). 4338:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3919:University of Western Australia 3764:from the original on 2 May 2021 3752:Majumdar, Bappa (1 June 2008). 2790:"Islamic Fiqh Academy of India" 2327:US-led coalition following the 2164:in 1984. The book, prefaced by 2009:Sinwan al-Qaza Wa Unwan al-Ifta 1987:Safar Ke Masail Ka Encyclopedia 1983:Namaz Ke Masail Ka Encyclopedia 1975:Zakat Ke Masail Ka Encyclopedia 1903:Taḥdid Nasl awr Islami Ta'limat 1875:Islam awr Jadid Ma'ashi Masayil 1861:Islām aur Jadid Daur ke Masayil 1409:, a collection of treatises by 1353:by Muhammad Salman Mansūrpuri, 1349:by Muhammad Salman Mansūrpuri, 784:, which was founded in 1973 by 5232:Schools of Sunni jurisprudence 4170:(inactive 19 September 2024). 3995:Neyazi, Taberez Ahmed (2014). 3821:Hussain, Maaz (21 June 2016). 3239:Younas, Salman (19 May 2022), 3118:Uddin, Muhammad Jasim (2016). 2788:Mazhari, Waris (19 May 2022), 2312:Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 2023:and annotated with footnotes. 1383:Fatawa-e Darul Uloom Hathazari 1140:, written by renowned scholar 1025:Fatawa-e-Darul Uloom Hathazari 1: 5029:List of Deobandi universities 4364:Hashmi, Arshi Saleem (2014). 2917:(PhD thesis). United States: 2718:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh 2383:. Zia-ul-Haq reactivated the 2258:requested that scholars from 1907:Maujūda Masayil ka Shar'i Ḥal 1845:Alat-e-Jadida ke Shar'i Ahkam 1301:by Muhammad Farid Pakistani, 1208:Muntakhabat-e-Nizam al-Fatawa 995:Muntakhabat-e-Nizam al-Fatawa 437:), and analogical reasoning ( 246:Idarat al-Mabahith al-Fiqhiya 4150:Durani, Abdul Gufur (2013). 4068:. Pluto Press. p. 173. 2603:Metcalf, Barbara D. (2009), 2289:All Ceylon Jamiyyathul Ulama 2149:In 1979, Iran experienced a 1883:Asr-e-Hadir ke Jadid Masayil 1413:. Another prominent work is 1361:by Azizur Rahman Fatehpuri, 736:Islamic Fiqh Academy (India) 628:Jamia Qurania Arabia Lalbagh 258:Islamic Fiqh Academy (India) 5109:Islamic Fiqh Academy, India 3247:, Oxford University Press, 2911:Ingram, Brannon D. (2011). 2796:, Oxford University Press, 2710:Hossain, AKM Yakub (2012). 2611:, Oxford University Press, 2385:Council of Islamic Ideology 2166:Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi 2117:Islamic banking and finance 2110:Islamic banking and finance 2104:Islamic banking and finance 2093:Fatwa of Peace for Humanity 1895:Islami Bankari ki Bunyadein 1815:and edited by Nizam-uddin. 1589:by Riyasat Ali Bijnori and 1441:Kitab al-Faskh wa-al-Tafriq 1321:by Marghoob Ahmad Lajpuri, 1048:Islamic Fiqh Academy, India 696:Madinatul Uloom Al Islamiya 291:Fatwa of Peace for Humanity 5248: 5193:Category:Deobandi movement 5104:Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh 3659:, p. 37–38, Series 2. 3494:10.30523/mutefekkir.849997 2532:and Muhammad Abdul Malek. 2241:Prime Minister of Pakistan 2107: 2030: 1683:by Jamil Ahmad Sikrodawi. 1663:Ijma awr Qiyas ki Hujjiyat 1659:Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband 1538: 1287:Ap ke Masayil awr unka Hal 1194:is a multi-volume work by 1169:Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband 1125:Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband 1092:Islamic Fiqh Academy India 886: 860: 830: 795: 762:The Majlis: Voice of Islam 624:Al Jamia Al Islamia Patiya 600:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama 561:Al Jamia Al Islamia Patiya 395: 229:Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband 5185: 5177:Deoband–Aligarh relations 5157:Index of related articles 5034:List of Deobandi madrasas 4596:Badre Alam, Khan (2000). 4470:"Who Speaks For Muslims?" 3241:"ʿUthmānī, Muḥammad Taqī" 2401:Muhammad Hanif Jalandhari 1889:(Lawful and Unlawful) by 1853:Islam awr Family Planning 1501:Habibur Rahman Khairabadi 1477:Majmu'ah Qawanin-e-Islami 1343:Habibur Rahman Khairabadi 1243:Khair Muhammad Jalandhari 309: 302: 288: 272: 256: 242:List of Deobandi madrasas 240: 214: 204:Habibur Rahman Khairabadi 194: 146: 134: 34: 5087:Associated organizations 4954:Muhammad Idris Kandhlawi 4944:Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi 4914:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 4889:Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi 4879:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 4864:Imdadullah Muhajir Makki 4852:Founders and key figures 3120: 2636:Ullah, Mohammed (2018). 2564:Vogel, Frank E. (2000). 2514:High Court of Bangladesh 2145:Fatwa against Shia Islam 2135:Murawwaja Islami Bankari 2021:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 1891:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 1795:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 1711:Muhammad Idris Kandhlawi 1565:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 1521:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 1401:by Anisur Rahman Qasmi. 1335:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 1261:by Abdur Rahim Lajpuri, 1174:Fatawa Imarat-e-Shariyah 1160:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 1088:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 821:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 596:Jamia Islamia Talimuddin 570:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 386:judiciary of Afghanistan 304:Judiciary of Afghanistan 200:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 110:Khalid Saifullah Rahmani 92:From top left to right: 4817:Ideology and influences 4372:Quaid-i-Azam University 3570:, p. 36, Series 2. 3324:University of Cape Town 2570:. BRILL. pp. 4–5. 2393:Shariat Appellate Bench 2293:Muslim Judicial Council 1943:Chand Aham Aşri Masayil 1841:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1837:modern economic systems 1813:'Abd al-Haqq al-Dehlawi 1727:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1715:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1623:Usul al-Ifta wa Adabuhu 1465:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1455:, as well as authoring 1449:Asghar Hussain Deobandi 1375:Fatawa-e Faqihul Millat 1180:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1077:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 1066:Fatawa-e Faqihul Millat 1006:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 962:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 729:Contemporary Deobandism 592:Madinatul Uloom Bagbari 502:History and development 459:international relations 160:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi 4062:Bunt, Gary R. (2003). 3913:Moj, Muhammad (2014). 2834:escholarship.mcgill.ca 2503:Muhammad Abdul Malek, 2352: 2351:(left) in Oval Office. 2319: 2247: 2075: 1639:Muqaddimah Nur al-Idah 1305:by Yasin Mubarakpuri, 1231:Fatawa Shaikh-al-Islam 1220:Rashid Ahmed Ludhianvi 1162:, Kifayat al-Mufti by 1127: 1001:Rashid Ahmed Ludhianvi 817:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 753:Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia 656:Jamia Uloom-ul-Islamia 415: 172:Rashid Ahmed Ludhianvi 5217:Islamic jurisprudence 4909:Mahmud Hasan Deobandi 4874:Ahmad Ali Saharanpuri 4869:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 4624:www.imaratshariah.com 4168:10.22111/jsr.2013.848 3687:(MA thesis). Canada: 3170:(11 September 2022). 3168:Khalid Hossain, A F M 2512:In January 2001, the 2397:Muhammad Khan Sherani 2389:Federal Shariat Court 2342: 2306: 2291:in Sri Lanka and the 2230: 2202:Darulifta-Deoband.com 2108:Further information: 2070: 2031:Further information: 1931:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1911:Jadid Medical Masayil 1698:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 1617:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1591:Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri 1473:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1419:Mahmud Hasan Deobandi 1397:by Hemayet Uddin and 1389:, Fatawa o Masail by 1387:Darul Uloom Hathazari 1379:Abdur Rahman Chatgami 1371:Jamia Islamia Yunusia 1365:by Mansurul Haq, and 1329:by Habibullah Qasmi, 1283:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1196:Mahmood Hasan Gangohi 1123: 1096:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1058:Abdur Rahman Chatgami 1050:and president of the 1036:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 1030:Darul Uloom Hathazari 979:Mahmood Hasan Gangohi 922:Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani 782:Darul Uloom Newcastle 716:Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani 680:Darul Uloom Newcastle 676:Darul Uloom Zakariyya 672:Jamia Khairul Madaris 620:Darul Uloom Hathazari 557:Darul Uloom Hathazari 413: 396:Further information: 347:that is based on the 345:Islamic jurisprudence 278:Darulifta-Deoband.com 190:Contemporary scholars 184:Abdur Rahman Chatgami 180:Mujahidul Islam Qasmi 164:Mahmood Hasan Gangohi 148:Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani 16:School of Islamic law 5043:Centres (markaz) of 4994:Notable institutions 4949:Shabbir Ahmad Usmani 4939:Hussain Ahmed Madani 4934:Kifayatullah Dehlawi 4904:Muhammad Ali Mungeri 4894:Sayyid Muhammad Abid 4884:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 4859:Mamluk Ali Nanautawi 4074:10.2307/j.ctt18fs6ck 3618:Voice of Darul Uloom 3439:Voice of Darul Uloom 3361:Voice of Darul Uloom 3132:. pp. 128–129. 2921:. pp. 134–135. 2644:. pp. 100–101. 2530:Mizanur Rahman Sayed 2505:Mizanur Rahman Sayed 2437:Qari Muhammad Tayyib 2419:Although India is a 2387:and established the 2316:Darul Uloom Haqqania 2308:Abdul Hakim Ishaqzai 2268:Qari Muhammad Tayyib 2053:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 1785:Shabbir Ahmad Usmani 1582:Manazir Ahsan Gilani 1505:Ahkam Luhüm al-Khail 1437:Kifayatullah Dehlawi 1411:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 1391:Abdus Salam Chatgami 1303:Fatawa Ihya al-Uloom 1235:Hussain Ahmed Madani 1164:Kifayatullah Dehlawi 1156:Fatawa Mazahir Uloom 1142:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 948:Kifayatullah Dehlawi 906:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 842:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 684:Madrasah In'aamiyyah 644:Darul Uloom Haqqania 574:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 382:South Asian diaspora 156:Kifayatullah Dehlawi 136:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 5114:Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind 5019:Darul Uloom Karachi 5014:Darul Uloom Deoband 4929:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 4541:. 1 November 2022. 4476:. 3 February 2022. 3130:University of Dhaka 2898:University of Dhaka 2828:Khan, Irfan Moeen. 2433:Darul Uloom Deoband 2425:Muslim Personal Law 2361:Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq 2345:Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq 2310:, Chief Justice of 2272:Shamsul Haq Afghani 2260:Darul Uloom Deoband 2244:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto 2216:Al-Azhar University 2198:Darul Uloom Deoband 2000:Fatawa Tatarkhaniya 1919:Jadid Fiqhi Masayil 1857:Muhammad Taqi Amini 1849:Minnatullah Rahmani 1775:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 1765:Zakariyya Kandhlawi 1655:Zafeeruddin Miftahi 1497:Masayil Sajdah Saho 1481:Minnatullah Rahmani 1407:Talifat-e-Rashidiya 1399:Fatawa Ulama-e-Hind 1325:by Ahmad Khanpuri, 1271:Fatawa Mufti Mahmud 1082:Darul Uloom Karachi 846:Shah Muhammad Ishaq 704:Darul Uloom Zahedan 640:Darul Uloom Karachi 618:, and they include 509:Darul Uloom Deoband 470:Darul Uloom Deoband 363:(the traditions of 94:Darul Uloom Deoband 5145:Revival from Below 4305:Al Jazeera English 3985:, p. 105–106. 3957:The Times of India 3719:The Times of India 3599:, p. 140–141. 3526:, p. 138–140. 3411:, p. 134–136. 3399:, p. 132–134. 3177:Daily Naya Diganta 3157:, p. 129–131. 3065:, p. 127–128. 3053:, p. 124–126. 3041:, p. 121–123. 3029:, p. 118–120. 3017:, p. 115–117. 3005:, p. 113–115. 2993:, p. 109–112. 2927:10.17615/vp8r-8f57 2522:Appellate Division 2518:Fazlul Haque Amini 2454:uniform civil code 2353: 2320: 2314:, a graduate from 2248: 2237:Shafaat Ullah Shah 2154:Iranian Revolution 2139:Ghayr Sudi Bankari 2098:Farid Uddin Masood 2084:terrorism in India 2076: 2072:Farid Uddin Masood 2015:. Another work is 1939:Mabāḥith-e-Fiqhiya 1707:Zafar Ahmad Usmani 1657:is the preface of 1600:A'san Uṣūl al-fiqh 1529:Mu'ashrati Masayil 1457:Mirath al-Muslimin 1295:Thaminat al-Fatawa 1192:Fatawa Mahmoodiyah 1184:Imdad-al-Muftiyyin 1137:Fatawa-e-Rashidiya 1128: 1020:Muhammad Faizullah 967:Imdad al-Muftiyyin 915:Fatawa-e-Rashidiya 857:Taqlid and Ijtihad 700:Darul Uloom Bolton 688:Darul Uloom London 416: 373:principles of fiqh 217:Fatawa-e-Rashidiya 176:Muhammad Faizullah 99:Fatawa-e-Rashidiya 5199: 5198: 5165: 5164: 4924:Ubaidullah Sindhi 4919:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 4810:Deobandi movement 4413:978-0-87003-285-1 4370:(PhD). Pakistan: 4083:978-0-7453-2098-4 3928:978-1-78308-390-9 3899:978-984-91840-2-7 3689:McGill University 3289:] (in Urdu). 3254:978-0-19-766941-9 2803:978-0-19-766941-9 2727:978-984-32-0576-6 2618:978-0-19-530513-5 2577:978-90-04-11062-5 2365:Islamize Pakistan 2295:in South Africa. 2174:Deobandi scholars 2057:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1681:Ashraf al-Hidayah 1635:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1574:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1551:Fusool al-Hawashi 1445:Mutid al-Warithin 1429:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1363:Fatawa-e Rahmania 1319:Marghüb al-Fatawa 1263:Fatawa Haqqaniyah 1227:Imdad al-Muftiyin 1204:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1152:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 1116:Fatwa collections 984:Fatawa Mahmudiyya 932:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 893:List of Deobandis 850:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 652:Jamia Tur Rasheed 578:chain of madrasas 513:Deobandi movement 406:Deobandi movement 353:Deobandi movement 338: 337: 152:Ashraf Ali Thanwi 142:Earliest scholars 5239: 5191: 5190: 4998: 4803: 4796: 4789: 4780: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4748: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4684: 4673: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4656:Deccan Chronicle 4646: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4635: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4561: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4550: 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4466: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4397: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4361: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4328: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4282: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4250: 4244: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4233:www.adaderana.lk 4225: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4214: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4191: 4183: 4181: 4179: 4147: 4138: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4046: 4042: 4040: 4032: 4030: 4028: 3992: 3986: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3910: 3904: 3903: 3889:Karwan-e-Zindagi 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3854: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3828:Voice of America 3818: 3812: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3790:. 19 June 2016. 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3678: 3672: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3645: 3644: 3642: 3640: 3634: 3626:Darul Uloom Waqf 3615: 3606: 3600: 3594: 3588: 3582: 3571: 3565: 3554: 3548: 3539: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3496: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3455: 3447:Darul Uloom Waqf 3436: 3427: 3412: 3406: 3400: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3377: 3369:Darul Uloom Waqf 3358: 3349: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3236: 3227: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3200: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3164: 3158: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3018: 3012: 3006: 3000: 2994: 2988: 2982: 2976: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2887: 2881: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2785: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2757: 2753: 2751: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2707: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2678: 2669: 2663: 2654: 2653: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2561: 2497: 2488: 2369:Hudud Ordinances 2266:. Two scholars, 2252:Khanate of Kalat 2178:Wali Hasan Tonki 2096:, was issued by 1760:Awjaz al-Masalik 1732:Ma'ariful Qur'an 1719:Masael al-Sulook 1453:Fatawa Muhammadi 1395:Ahkame-e Zindegi 1351:Kitab al-Masayil 1347:Kitab al-Nawazil 1323:Mahmud al-Fatawa 1299:Fatawa Faridiyah 1267:Abdul Haq Akorwi 1255:Nizamuddin Azami 1212:Nizamuddin Azami 1042:in the state of 991:Nizamuddin Azami 952:Kifayat al-Mufti 826: 692:Darul Uloom Bury 612:Darul Uloom Waqf 546: 537: 526: 330: 323: 316: 168:Nizamuddin Azami 84: 77: 66: 59: 48: 30: 21: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5237: 5236: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5195: 5181: 5161: 5123: 5119:Tablighi Jamaat 5082: 5045:Tablighi Jamaat 5038: 4989: 4968: 4899:Mahmud Deobandi 4847: 4812: 4807: 4777: 4776: 4766: 4764: 4750: 4749: 4745: 4735: 4733: 4719: 4718: 4714: 4704: 4702: 4686: 4685: 4676: 4666: 4664: 4648: 4647: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4573:. 9 July 2018. 4563: 4562: 4558: 4548: 4546: 4531: 4530: 4526: 4516: 4514: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4483: 4481: 4468: 4467: 4463: 4453: 4451: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4423: 4421: 4414: 4399: 4398: 4391: 4381: 4379: 4374:. p. 199. 4363: 4362: 4358: 4348: 4346: 4331:Synovitz, Ron. 4330: 4329: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4297: 4296: 4292: 4275: 4268: 4266: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4237: 4235: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4212: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4184: 4177: 4175: 4149: 4148: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4084: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4043: 4033: 4026: 4024: 4017: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3981: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3929: 3921:. p. 149. 3917:(PhD). London: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3900: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3857:Bashir, Aamir. 3856: 3855: 3848: 3838: 3836: 3820: 3819: 3815: 3805: 3803: 3782: 3781: 3777: 3767: 3765: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3721:. 1 June 2008. 3713: 3712: 3708: 3698: 3696: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3663: 3655: 3648: 3638: 3636: 3632: 3613: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3583: 3574: 3566: 3557: 3549: 3542: 3534: 3530: 3522: 3518: 3487:(14): 635–640. 3474: 3473: 3469: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3434: 3429: 3428: 3415: 3407: 3403: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3356: 3351: 3350: 3343: 3333: 3331: 3326:. p. 113. 3315: 3314: 3310: 3300: 3298: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3264: 3262: 3255: 3238: 3237: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3166: 3165: 3161: 3153: 3149: 3139: 3137: 3122: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3102: 3100: 3074: 3073: 3069: 3061: 3057: 3049: 3045: 3037: 3033: 3025: 3021: 3013: 3009: 3001: 2997: 2989: 2985: 2977: 2970: 2962: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2889: 2888: 2884: 2874: 2872: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2843: 2841: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2813: 2811: 2804: 2787: 2786: 2779: 2771: 2767: 2754: 2744: 2737: 2735: 2728: 2709: 2708: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2679: 2672: 2664: 2657: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2619: 2602: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2578: 2563: 2562: 2555: 2550: 2538: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2507: 2500: 2499: 2498: 2490: 2489: 2478: 2417: 2357:Deobandi school 2337: 2301: 2225: 2186: 2147: 2112: 2106: 2065: 2048: 2035: 2029: 2017:Fiqh al-Nawazil 1995: 1993:Fiqh manuscript 1951: 1927:Iḍāḥ al-Nawadir 1923:Idah al-Masayil 1833:family planning 1821: 1790:Badhl al-Majhud 1741: 1689: 1643:Izaz Ali Amrohi 1587:Tasheel al-Uṣūl 1543: 1537: 1489:Idah al-Manasik 1485:Idah al-Masalik 1339:Fatawa Habibiya 1331:Kitab al-Fatawa 1327:Habib al-Fatawa 1307:Jami' al-Fatawa 1291:Yusuf Ludhianvi 1259:Fatawa Rahimiya 1247:Nizam al-Fatawa 1239:Khair al-Fatawa 1216:Ahsan al-Fatawa 1188:Jawahir al-Fiqh 1147:Imdad al-Fatawa 1118: 1105: 1014:Ahsan ul-Fatawa 1010:Ahsan ul-Fatawa 956:Ta'lim al-Islam 941:Imdad al-Fatawa 895: 887:Main articles: 885: 869: 861:Main articles: 859: 835: 829: 800: 794: 731: 712:Yaqub Nanautawi 566: 565: 564: 563: 549: 548: 547: 539: 538: 529: 528: 527: 504: 492:Western culture 408: 394: 343:is a school of 334: 276: 260: 244: 226: 223:Imdad al-Fatawa 220: 202: 198: 125: 124: 123: 122: 121: 120: 105:Imdad al-Fatawa 89: 88: 87: 86: 85: 78: 69: 68: 67: 60: 51: 50: 49: 29:الفقه الديوبندي 28: 27: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5245: 5243: 5235: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5204: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179: 5173: 5171: 5167: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5159: 5154: 5153: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5090: 5088: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5049: 5047: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5010: 5008: 4995: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4987: 4982: 4976: 4974: 4970: 4969: 4967: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4844: 4843: 4832: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4814: 4813: 4808: 4806: 4805: 4798: 4791: 4783: 4775: 4774: 4743: 4712: 4674: 4641: 4611: 4588: 4556: 4524: 4491: 4461: 4444:aimplboard.org 4431: 4412: 4389: 4356: 4323: 4290: 4245: 4220: 4199: 4139: 4109: 4082: 4054: 4045:|journal= 4015: 3987: 3975: 3942: 3927: 3905: 3898: 3878: 3846: 3813: 3775: 3744: 3706: 3691:. p. 31. 3673: 3661: 3646: 3601: 3589: 3587:, p. 137. 3572: 3555: 3553:, p. 136. 3540: 3538:, p. 138. 3528: 3516: 3483:(in Turkish). 3467: 3413: 3401: 3389: 3341: 3322:(PhD thesis). 3308: 3271: 3253: 3228: 3195: 3159: 3147: 3110: 3067: 3055: 3043: 3031: 3019: 3007: 2995: 2983: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2903: 2900:. p. 361. 2882: 2851: 2820: 2802: 2777: 2765: 2726: 2697: 2695:, p. 100. 2685: 2670: 2655: 2628: 2617: 2595: 2576: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2544: 2537: 2534: 2502: 2501: 2492: 2491: 2483: 2482: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2441:Shah Bano case 2416: 2413: 2336: 2333: 2300: 2297: 2256:Ahmad of Kalat 2224: 2221: 2185: 2184:Digitalisation 2182: 2162:Manzoor Nomani 2146: 2143: 2105: 2102: 2064: 2061: 2047: 2044: 2028: 2025: 1994: 1991: 1950: 1947: 1829:medical ethics 1820: 1817: 1811:, authored by 1780:Fath al-Mulhim 1740: 1739:Fiqh al-Hadith 1737: 1703:Ahkam al-Quran 1688: 1685: 1561:Qawaed al-Fiqh 1539:Main article: 1536: 1533: 1463:, authored by 1433:Talim al-Islam 1424:Bahishti Zewar 1367:Fatawa-e Jamia 1355:Fatawa Qasmiya 1251:Fatawa Nizamia 1200:Imdad al-Ahkam 1117: 1114: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1085: 1070: 1055: 1033: 1017: 998: 988: 976: 959: 945: 929: 919: 884: 881: 858: 855: 831:Main article: 828: 825: 796:Main article: 793: 790: 730: 727: 668:Jamia Farooqia 648:Jamia Ashrafia 616:Qawmi madrasas 604:Madrasa Aminia 553:Madrasa Aminia 551: 550: 541: 540: 532: 531: 530: 521: 520: 519: 518: 517: 503: 500: 486:), consensus ( 451:commercial law 393: 390: 377:Islamic ethics 336: 335: 333: 332: 325: 318: 310: 307: 306: 300: 299: 298:Implementation 295: 294: 286: 285: 281: 280: 270: 269: 265: 264: 254: 253: 249: 248: 238: 237: 233: 232: 212: 211: 207: 206: 192: 191: 187: 186: 144: 143: 139: 138: 132: 131: 127: 126: 91: 90: 79: 72: 71: 70: 61: 54: 53: 52: 43: 42: 41: 40: 39: 38: 37: 36: 35: 32: 31: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5244: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5212:Deobandi fiqh 5210: 5209: 5207: 5194: 5184: 5178: 5175: 5174: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5085: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5041: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5024:Mazahir Uloom 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4842: 4839: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4831: 4827: 4825: 4824:Dars-i Nizami 4822: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4804: 4799: 4797: 4792: 4790: 4785: 4784: 4781: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4747: 4744: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4713: 4700: 4696: 4695: 4690: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4675: 4662: 4658: 4657: 4652: 4645: 4642: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4620:"Darul Quaza" 4615: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4592: 4589: 4576: 4572: 4571: 4566: 4560: 4557: 4544: 4540: 4539: 4534: 4528: 4525: 4512: 4508: 4507: 4502: 4495: 4492: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4435: 4432: 4419: 4415: 4409: 4405: 4404: 4396: 4394: 4390: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4368: 4360: 4357: 4344: 4340: 4339: 4334: 4327: 4324: 4311: 4307: 4306: 4301: 4294: 4291: 4286: 4280: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4246: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4221: 4209: 4203: 4200: 4195: 4189: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4146: 4144: 4140: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4113: 4110: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4058: 4055: 4050: 4038: 4022: 4018: 4016:9780199082872 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3991: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3976: 3963: 3959: 3958: 3953: 3946: 3943: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3909: 3906: 3901: 3895: 3891: 3890: 3882: 3879: 3866: 3862: 3861: 3853: 3851: 3847: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3817: 3814: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3748: 3745: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3710: 3707: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3677: 3674: 3671:, p. 29. 3670: 3665: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3612: 3605: 3602: 3598: 3593: 3590: 3586: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3532: 3529: 3525: 3520: 3517: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3471: 3468: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3433: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3402: 3398: 3393: 3390: 3374: 3370: 3367:(10). India: 3366: 3362: 3355: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3320: 3312: 3309: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3275: 3272: 3260: 3256: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3235: 3233: 3229: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3199: 3196: 3183: 3179: 3178: 3173: 3169: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3151: 3148: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3114: 3111: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3087:(2): 95–106. 3086: 3082: 3078: 3071: 3068: 3064: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3028: 3023: 3020: 3016: 3011: 3008: 3004: 2999: 2996: 2992: 2987: 2984: 2981:, p. 25. 2980: 2975: 2973: 2969: 2966:, p. 18. 2965: 2960: 2957: 2954:, p. 17. 2953: 2948: 2945: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2915: 2907: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2894: 2886: 2883: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2855: 2852: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2824: 2821: 2809: 2805: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2784: 2782: 2778: 2775:, p. 90. 2774: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2749: 2733: 2729: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2714: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2686: 2683:, p. 94. 2682: 2677: 2675: 2671: 2668:, p. 89. 2667: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2642:Jamia Hamdard 2639: 2632: 2629: 2624: 2620: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2599: 2596: 2583: 2579: 2573: 2569: 2568: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2506: 2496: 2487: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2421:secular state 2414: 2412: 2410: 2409:Khalid Mahmud 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2350: 2349:Ronald Reagan 2346: 2341: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2284: 2282: 2281:Chief justice 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2245: 2242: 2239:(middle) and 2238: 2234: 2229: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212:Ebrahim Desai 2209: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2152: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2111: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2094: 2088: 2085: 2081: 2073: 2069: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2034: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2005:Madrasa Shahi 2002: 2001: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1887:Halal-o-Haram 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1867: 1866:Fiqhi Maqalat 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1819:Modern issues 1818: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1782: 1781: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1747: 1746:I'la al-Sunan 1738: 1736: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1687:Fiqh al-Quran 1686: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1677: 1671: 1670:Dars-i Nizami 1667: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1651:Tadwin-e-Fiqh 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1624: 1618: 1614: 1613:Islami Adalat 1609: 1608:Imdad al Fiqh 1605: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1525:Qamus al-Fiqh 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1493:Masayil Rifat 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469:Islami Adalat 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1421:. For women, 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1311:Fatawa Usmani 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1275:Mufti Mehmood 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1143: 1139: 1138: 1133: 1126: 1122: 1115: 1113: 1111: 1102: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1078: 1074: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1002: 999: 996: 992: 989: 986: 985: 980: 977: 974: 973: 968: 963: 960: 957: 953: 949: 946: 943: 942: 937: 933: 930: 927: 926:Fiqh al-Islam 923: 920: 917: 916: 911: 907: 904: 903: 902: 900: 894: 890: 882: 880: 877: 873: 868: 864: 856: 854: 851: 847: 843: 839: 834: 824: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 799: 791: 789: 787: 783: 779: 774: 772: 767: 763: 759: 754: 750: 749: 743: 741: 737: 728: 726: 724: 719: 717: 713: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 664:Jamia Faridia 661: 660:Jamia Binoria 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 608:Madrasa Shahi 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 588:Mazahir Uloom 584: 583:Dars-i Nizami 579: 575: 571: 562: 558: 554: 545: 536: 525: 516: 514: 510: 501: 499: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 476: 471: 466: 462: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 412: 407: 403: 399: 391: 389: 387: 383: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 349:Hanafi school 346: 342: 341:Deobandi fiqh 331: 326: 324: 319: 317: 312: 311: 308: 305: 301: 296: 293: 292: 287: 282: 279: 275: 271: 266: 263: 259: 255: 252:Organisations 250: 247: 243: 239: 234: 231: 230: 225: 224: 219: 218: 213: 208: 205: 201: 197: 193: 188: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 140: 137: 133: 128: 119: 115: 111: 107: 106: 101: 100: 95: 83: 76: 65: 58: 47: 33: 26: 25:Deobandi fiqh 22: 19: 5135:Bibliography 5002:Darul ulooms 4985:South Africa 4840: 4765:. Retrieved 4756: 4746: 4734:. Retrieved 4725: 4715: 4703:. Retrieved 4692: 4665:. Retrieved 4654: 4644: 4632:. Retrieved 4623: 4614: 4597: 4591: 4579:. Retrieved 4568: 4559: 4547:. Retrieved 4536: 4527: 4515:. Retrieved 4504: 4494: 4482:. Retrieved 4473: 4464: 4452:. Retrieved 4443: 4434: 4422:. Retrieved 4402: 4380:. Retrieved 4366: 4359: 4347:. Retrieved 4336: 4326: 4314:. Retrieved 4303: 4293: 4267:. Retrieved 4258: 4248: 4236:. Retrieved 4232: 4223: 4211:. Retrieved 4202: 4188:cite journal 4176:. Retrieved 4159: 4155: 4130:. Retrieved 4121: 4112: 4100:. Retrieved 4092:j.ctt18fs6ck 4064: 4057: 4025:. Retrieved 3997: 3990: 3978: 3966:. Retrieved 3955: 3945: 3914: 3908: 3887: 3881: 3869:. Retrieved 3859: 3837:. Retrieved 3826: 3816: 3804:. Retrieved 3787: 3778: 3766:. Retrieved 3757: 3747: 3735:. Retrieved 3718: 3709: 3697:. Retrieved 3683: 3676: 3664: 3637:. Retrieved 3624:(9). India: 3621: 3617: 3604: 3592: 3531: 3519: 3484: 3480: 3470: 3458:. Retrieved 3445:(7). 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