98:
1238:
1144:
750:
1091:
793:
1429:
1106:
758:
1367:". If the assembly in public is expected to involve more than one participant, its organisers are obliged to notify executive or local self-government authorities of the upcoming event few days in advance in writing. However, legislation does not foresee an authorisation procedure, hence the authorities have no right to prohibit an assembly or change its place unless it threatens the security of participants or is planned to take place near hazardous facilities, important
812:
942:
3842:
708:
3830:
966:
36:
1080:
1282:
The
Special Rapporteur has expressed concern regarding laws adopted in many countries that impose harsh restrictions on assemblies, including provisions relating to blanket bans, geographical restrictions, mandatory notifications and authorizations. The need for prior authorization in order to hold
1170:
A common tactic used by nonviolent campaigners is the "dilemma demonstration." Activist trainer Daniel Hunter describes this term as covering "actions that force the target to either let you do what you want, or be shown as unreasonable as they stop you from doing it". A study by Srdja
Popovic and
1912:
Another common tactic is to infiltrate legitimate demonstrations in the attempt to stir widespread violence and rioting, seen most recently in a spring anti-Iraq war gathering in
Vancouver, Canada. This has become so commonplace that sources within activist organizations have told STRATFOR they
1044:
issues. Particularly with controversial issues, sometimes groups of people opposed to the aims of a demonstration may themselves launch a counter-demonstration with the aim of opposing the demonstrators and presenting their view. Clashes between demonstrators and counter-demonstrators may turn
931:
Next to sex, the activity combining bodily experience and intense emotion to the highest degree is the participation in a mass demonstration at a time of great public exaltation. Unlike sex, which is essentially individual, it is by its nature collective… like sex it implies some physical
972:
970:
967:
971:
1025:. Demonstrations are generally staged in public, but private demonstrations are certainly possible, especially if the demonstrators wish to influence the opinions of a small or very specific group of people. Demonstrations are usually physical gatherings, but virtual or
969:
873:
become involved. In some cases, this may be in order to try to prevent the protest from taking place at all. In other cases, it may be to prevent clashes between rival groups, or to prevent a demonstration from spreading and turning into a
1523:
as part of a measure to facilitate the redress of such grievances. "Amendment I: Congress shall make no law ... abridging ... the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
Government for a redress of grievances."
1447:, there are areas designated as 'protected sites' where people are not allowed to go. Previously, these were military bases and nuclear power stations, but the law changed in 2007 to include other, generally political areas, such as
1171:
Sophia McClennen won the 2020 Brown
Democracy Medal for its examination of 44 examples of dilemma demonstrations and the ways in which they were used to achieve goals within civil resistance campaigns.
1007:, in which demonstrators occupy an area, sometimes for a stated period but sometimes indefinitely, until they feel their issue has been addressed, or they are otherwise convinced or forced to leave.
920:. A demonstration is usually considered more successful if more people participate. Research shows that anti-government demonstrations occur more frequently in affluent countries than in poor ones.
1218:
against demonstrators in these situations. Sometimes violent situations are caused by the preemptive or offensive use of these weapons which can provoke, destabilize, or escalate a conflict.
968:
1539:
by their very nature, and that they lessen the impact the demonstration might otherwise have had. In many areas it is required to get permission from the government to hold a demonstration.
1296:" However, there are a number of limitations placed on demonstrations and protest under state, territory and federal legislation, with forty-nine laws introduced regarding them since 2004.
1163:, but from considerations relating to the particular situation that is faced, including its legal, cultural and power-political dimensions: this has been the case in many campaigns of
1593:
1598:
1409:
are not common, in part because cause-related events require a licence from the authorities. Such laws include the Public
Entertainment and Meetings Act and the Public Order Act.
1966:
1563:
1263:
1938:
1535:", or fenced-in areas which are often far-removed from the event which is being protested; critics of free-speech zones argue that they go against the First Amendment of the
1516:
932:
action—marching, chanting slogans, singing—through which the merger of the individual in the mass, which is the essence of the collective experience, finds expression.
1688:
1707:
1467:
to these areas could not be arrested if they had not committed another crime and agreed to be escorted out, but this will change following amendments to the law.
1481:
home affairs spokesman, said: "I am not aware of vast troops of trespassers wanting to invade MI5 or MI6, still less running the gauntlet of security checks in
1120:
Locations are also frequently chosen because of some relevance to the issue at hand. For example, if a demonstration is targeted at issues relating to foreign
694:
1777:
749:
2826:
1391:, presidential residences or in the border control zone. The right to gather can also be restricted in close proximity of cultural and historical monuments.
689:
1237:
97:
1440:
1017:
Demonstrations are sometimes spontaneous gatherings, but are also utilized as a tactical choice by movements. They often form part of a larger campaign of
736:
1355:
Citizens of the
Russian Federation shall have the right to gather peacefully, without weapons, and to hold meetings, rallies, demonstrations, marches and
838:
against a cause of concern; it often consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or
3121:
1897:
2067:
1731:
2221:
1278:
on the right of peaceful assembly and association. In 2019, its report expressed alarm at the restrictions on the freedom of peaceful assembly:
1945:
1348:
1496:
One of the biggest demonstration in the UK was the people vote march, on 19 October 2019, with around 1 million demonstrators related to the
101:
1143:
2722:
1504:
1099:
1048:
2187:
2093:
2039:
1253:, on September 23, 2021. One of the signs the demonstrators primarily carried translates in English to "BENNETT DANGEROUS TO ISRAEL!".
66:
1753:
1400:
2117:
1963:
2752:
1670:
1275:
84:
2177:
912:
Demonstrations can promote a viewpoint (either positive or negative) regarding a public issue, especially relating to a perceived
3777:
2819:
2717:
2182:
1151:
Protest marches and demonstrations are a common nonviolent tactic. They are thus one tactic available to proponents of strategic
977:
646:
546:
2144:
1801:[All-terrain militants: Prisoners are taken out of jail to take part in Kirchnerist demonstrations] (in Spanish). ClarĂn
3770:
3558:
1989:"Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association (Clément Nyaletsossi Voulé)"
1262:
The right to demonstrate peacefully is guaranteed by international conventions, in particular by the articles 21 and 22 of the
1090:
729:
1869:
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2158:
1568:
946:
1831:
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2378:
1335:
1056:
501:
3820:
1685:
2192:
1418:
1013:, in which they protest naked – here the antagonist may give in before the demonstration happens to avoid embarrassment.
819:
561:
1704:
1428:
3581:
2812:
2793:
2214:
591:
356:
1774:
792:
1536:
1113:
Sometimes the date or location chosen for the demonstration is of historical or cultural significance, such as the
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1844:
1105:
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3329:
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870:
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197:
187:
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162:
2178:
Special
Rapporteur of the United Nations on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association
1894:
1363:
Demonstrations and protests are further regulated by the
Federal Law of the Russian Federation No.54-FZ "
3722:
3674:
3654:
3573:
3563:
3347:
3231:
2684:
1578:
1452:
1226:
1155:. However, the reasons for avoiding the use of violence may also derive, not from a general doctrine of
1018:
511:
491:
466:
461:
403:
378:
2015:
1728:
1135:, larger marches usually take place on roads. It may happen with or without an official authorisation.
441:
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3166:
3161:
3131:
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1761:
1324:
1271:
684:
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388:
321:
252:
247:
227:
133:
2183:
10 Principles for the proper management of assemblies (by
Special Rapporteurs of the United Nations)
1942:
1828:
Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present
58:
3649:
3639:
3596:
3367:
3194:
3156:
3052:
2768:
2580:
2454:
2368:
1520:
1356:
1340:
1304:
1292:
A report released by the Human Rights Law Centre in 2024 states that based on British common law, "
1267:
1222:
998:
954:
950:
894:
757:
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1573:
1083:
893:", which was coined initially with reference to the huge assemblies of protesters inspired by
674:
601:
326:
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143:
116:
1660:
3807:
3631:
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3513:
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3082:
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2742:
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2550:
2494:
2428:
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2118:"Supreme Court backs protesters and rules blocking roads can be 'lawful' way to demonstrate"
2090:
2043:
1583:
1548:
1532:
1203:
1199:
1164:
1132:
1060:
1022:
984:
There are many types of demonstrations, including a variety of elements. These may include:
958:
917:
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271:
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1750:
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2122:
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1970:
1949:
1933:
1901:
1781:
1757:
1735:
1711:
1692:
1490:
1242:
941:
865:"), or can begin as nonviolent and turn violent depending on the circumstances. Sometimes
862:
712:
536:
496:
281:
1124:, the demonstration may take place at a location associated with that nation, such as an
1964:
The Anthropology of Ritual: Monitoring and Stewarding Demonstrations in Northern Ireland
50:
3834:
3679:
3543:
3528:
3490:
3470:
3407:
3246:
3221:
3126:
3009:
2989:
2944:
2922:
2608:
2590:
2555:
2510:
2489:
2373:
1448:
641:
531:
301:
3841:
707:
17:
3856:
3787:
3744:
3553:
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3372:
3116:
2964:
2869:
2679:
2658:
2254:
2230:
1553:
1528:
1207:
924:
901:, usually taking the form of a public gathering of people in a rally or walking in a
765:
541:
408:
361:
237:
3792:
3712:
3707:
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3435:
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3357:
2864:
2788:
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2560:
2469:
2459:
2325:
2299:
2076:
1470:
1380:
1211:
1064:
843:
781:
62:
1799:"Militancia todo terreno: Sacan a presos de la cárcel para actos del kirchnerismo"
3684:
3644:
3495:
3402:
3397:
3266:
3256:
3241:
3067:
3037:
3019:
2884:
2653:
2474:
2411:
2383:
2304:
1558:
1225:, the organizers of large or controversial assemblies may deploy and coordinate
1156:
1152:
1114:
866:
521:
212:
105:
2091:
No-go Britain: Royal Family and ministers protected from protesters by new laws
3829:
3765:
3664:
3621:
3586:
3505:
3445:
3339:
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3095:
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2732:
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2416:
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1464:
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Australian courts regard as a core part of a democratic system of government.
1187:
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854:
596:
526:
393:
1645:
830:
is an action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a
3485:
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3319:
3291:
3204:
3141:
3027:
2889:
2859:
2712:
2421:
2294:
2279:
2190:, article about restrictions that may be imposed on public protests, in the
1482:
1406:
1068:
1037:
913:
831:
799:, 2015: protesters demonstrate against the city's new drastic plans for the
796:
621:
576:
436:
138:
123:
1686:
Analysis: Iran Sends Terror-Group Supporters To Arafat's Funeral Procession
3616:
3392:
3216:
3199:
3136:
2999:
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2628:
1913:
police their own demonstrations to prevent infiltration by fringe groups.
1906:
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1183:
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373:
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to be significant by gathering in a crowd associated with that opinion.
3732:
3717:
3601:
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3004:
2934:
2737:
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2598:
2162:
1372:
1125:
1041:
889:
858:
835:
815:
800:
773:
769:
1926:
1485:
and Westminster to make a point. It's a sledgehammer to crack a nut."
886:
The term has been in use since the mid-19th century, as was the term "
3659:
2804:
1497:
1384:
1344:
1308:
1250:
1195:
1121:
1071:, among other nations, have had government-organized demonstrations.
1026:
1004:
989:
850:
761:
636:
1629:
995:
Rallies, in which people gather to listen to speakers or musicians.
3699:
3299:
1427:
1388:
1142:
1117:
of some event that is relevant to the topic of the demonstration.
1104:
964:
940:
810:
791:
756:
748:
1988:
853:
may also be referred to as demonstrations. Demonstrations can be
3181:
2199:
1630:"GDP Per Capita and Protest Activity: A Quantitative Reanalysis"
1628:
Shishkina, Alisa; Bilyuga, Stanislav; Korotayev, Andrey (2017).
1179:
875:
2808:
2203:
1870:"Dilemma Actions: The Power of Putting your Opponent in a Bind"
1507:
ruled that blocking roads can be a lawful way to demonstrate.
1460:
1456:
1086:
demonstrations lasted so long that demonstrators set up tents.
29:
2014:
Mejia-Canales, David; Human Rights Law Centre (2024-08-26).
1051:
are demonstrations which are organized by a government. The
2188:"Controlling Public Protest: First Amendment Implications"
1833:
Includes chapters by specialists on the various movements.
1001:, in which people surround an area (normally an employer).
2040:"Chapter 2 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation"
1830:, Oxford University Press, 2009, especially at pp. 14–20.
1365:
On Meetings, Rallies, Demonstrations, Marches and Pickets
976:
Video of a demonstration in Argentina to commemorate the
1594:
List of rallies and protest marches in Washington, D.C.
54:
1599:
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
1473:
groups fear the powers could hinder peaceful protest.
3818:
1705:"Why Washington and Tehran are headed for a showdown"
897:(1775–1847) in Ireland. Demonstrations are a form of
1978:, Volume 13, Numbers 1–2, January 2006, pp.22–31(10)
1564:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
1264:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
3753:
3698:
3630:
3572:
3504:
3421:
3338:
3290:
3180:
3091:
3018:
2908:
2842:
2761:
2705:
2667:
2589:
2538:
2503:
2447:
2404:
2397:
2361:
2313:
2237:
1939:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
1845:"Strengthen a Campaign with Dilemma Demonstrations"
1493:pressure group, said the measure was "excessive".
1283:peaceful protests contrary to international law .
842:, in order to hear speakers. It is different from
753:Demonstration in Canada against oil tankers, 1970.
1775:"Democracy in the Former Soviet Union: 1991–2004"
1517:First Amendment of the United States Constitution
45:contains too many pictures for its overall length
1895:Radical, Anarchist Groups Pose Their Own Threat
1280:
1221:As a known tool to prevent the infiltration by
929:
780:after an employee was fired, allegedly for her
27:Collective action by people in favor of a cause
2820:
2215:
1131:While fixed demonstrations may take place in
730:
8:
1198:. Police and military authorities often use
2080:, 24 March 2007. Retrieved on 23 June 2007.
2065:New powers against trespassers at key sites
2016:"Protest in Peril: Our Shrinking Democracy"
1662:Interesting Times: A Twentieth-Century Life
1441:Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005
992:demonstrate while moving along a set route.
2827:
2813:
2805:
2401:
2222:
2208:
2200:
1927:Guidelines on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly
1274:). Its implementation is monitored by the
737:
723:
111:
2157:Kellie Pantekoek, Esq. (12 October 2023).
2106:, 4 June 2007. Retrieved on 23 June 2007.
1665:. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 73.
1311:is granted by art. 5th, item XVI, of the
1032:Topics of demonstrations often deal with
861:(usually referred to by participants as "
85:Learn how and when to remove this message
1236:
1109:2013 Peace March for Hungary in Budapest
1089:
1078:
834:or other cause or people partaking in a
96:
49:Relevant discussion may be found on the
3825:
1609:
1029:demonstrations are certainly possible.
818:, 2019 : Protesters occupying the
122:
102:Monday demonstrations in East Germany
7:
59:indiscriminate collections of images
1505:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
1178:can turn, at least partially, into
1147:A nonviolent protest in New Zealand
1100:2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests
1049:Government-organized demonstrations
1401:Public demonstrations in Singapore
1094:Crowd in front of a McDonald's in
104:(1989–1991) helped bring down the
25:
2020:The Commons Social Change Library
1874:The Commons Social Chnage Library
1849:The Commons Social Change Library
1381:high voltage electric power lines
1276:United Nations special rapporteur
822:in front of the DPR/MPR Building.
3840:
3828:
2718:Concentration of media ownership
1868:VanHise, James L. (2021-09-21).
1751:Cubans ponder life without Fidel
1531:has been the implementation of "
1202:or less-lethal weapons, such as
706:
67:Manual of Style on use of images
34:
3471:Party platforms (or manifestos)
2116:Lizzie Dearden (25 June 2021).
1995:. 11 September 2019. p. 13
1695:"...state-organized rallies..."
690:Latin America and the Caribbean
2145:"America's Founding Documents"
1785:Power and Interest News Report
1569:List of uprisings led by women
1432:Demonstration in front of the
947:American Civil Rights Movement
849:Actions such as blockades and
1:
1843:Hunter, Daniel (2024-07-29).
1347:is granted by Art. 31 of the
1336:Freedom of assembly in Russia
502:Democracy and economic growth
61:or adjusting images that are
3559:Rally 'round the flag effect
2193:FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
1797:Nicolás Pizzi (2012-07-29).
1419:Anti-protest laws in Ukraine
695:Middle East and North Africa
562:Peaceful transition of power
1780:September 27, 2007, at the
1128:of the nation in question.
953:, leaders marched from the
592:Proportional representation
3899:
1537:United States Constitution
1455:, and the headquarters of
1416:
1398:
1333:
1322:
1268:right of peaceful assembly
1057:People's Republic of China
2900:Manipulation (psychology)
1952:, Sections § 7–8, 156–162
1729:Global News, No. GL99-072
1617:Oxford English Dictionary
1405:Public demonstrations in
927:wrote of demonstrations:
3078:Criticism of advertising
2794:Society of the Spectacle
1519:specifically allows the
1229:, also called stewards.
1186:against objects such as
1174:Some demonstrations and
1053:Islamic Republic of Iran
647:Wars between democracies
627:Territorial peace theory
472:Democratic confederalism
3740:Promotional merchandise
3451:Character assassination
3388:Narcotizing dysfunction
3262:Photograph manipulation
2975:Guerrilla communication
2675:Influence of mass media
2480:Narcotizing dysfunction
2159:'Protest Laws by State'
1924:Belyaeva et al. (2007)
1634:Cross-Cultural Research
1527:A growing trend in the
1139:Nonviolence or violence
905:. Thus, the opinion is
828:political demonstration
632:Tyranny of the majority
567:Political demonstration
477:Democratic peace theory
452:Deliberative referendum
65:in accordance with the
3723:Product demonstrations
3152:Historical negationism
2336:Freedom of information
1976:Anthropology in Action
1937:, published by OSCE's
1915:
1909:, June 4, 2004 quote:
1716:The Hedge Fund Journal
1659:Eric Hobsbawm (2003).
1640:(4): 106939711773232.
1436:
1361:
1313:Constitution of Brazil
1285:
1254:
1227:demonstration marshals
1148:
1110:
1102:
1087:
981:
962:
934:
823:
808:
789:
754:
457:Democratic backsliding
447:Criticism of democracy
109:
18:Demonstration (people)
3878:Revolutionary tactics
3655:Reputation management
3574:Psychological warfare
3423:Political campaigning
3232:Firehose of falsehood
2723:Exploitation of women
1910:
1579:Nonviolent resistance
1453:Palace of Westminster
1431:
1353:
1240:
1194:, bystanders and the
1146:
1108:
1093:
1082:
1019:nonviolent resistance
975:
944:
814:
795:
760:
752:
512:Electoral competition
492:Democratic transition
467:Democratic centralism
462:Democratic capitalism
100:
3868:Community organizing
3690:Corporate propaganda
1762:The Washington Times
1325:Egyptian protest law
1272:right of association
1021:, often also called
988:Marches, in which a
820:Gatot Subroto Avenue
487:Democratic socialism
55:improve this article
3778:Media concentration
3650:Non-apology apology
3640:Cult of personality
3368:Emotive conjugation
3122:Burying of scholars
2769:Advanced capitalism
2455:Cult of personality
2369:Advanced capitalism
1521:freedom of assembly
1341:Freedom of assembly
1305:Freedom of assembly
1223:agents provocateurs
1075:Times and locations
955:Washington Monument
951:March on Washington
713:Politics portal
507:Democracy promotion
482:Democratic republic
3761:Influence-for-hire
3554:National mythology
3524:Crowd manipulation
3413:Tabloid journalism
3282:Video manipulation
3227:Fictitious entries
2950:Civil disobedience
2836:Media manipulation
2690:Semiotic democracy
2614:Civil disobedience
2526:Media manipulation
2516:Crowd manipulation
2439:Tabloid journalism
2353:Media transparency
2331:Media independence
2245:24-hour news cycle
2147:. 30 October 2015.
2096:2007-06-06 at the
2070:2021-03-31 at the
1969:2016-03-03 at the
1948:2010-06-25 at the
1932:2021-03-23 at the
1900:2012-03-07 at the
1824:Timothy Garton Ash
1756:2007-03-12 at the
1734:2021-04-23 at the
1710:2020-10-28 at the
1691:2004-11-14 at the
1445:Terrorism Act 2006
1437:
1434:British parliament
1345:Russian Federation
1255:
1149:
1111:
1103:
1088:
982:
963:
961:, August 28, 1963.
869:or other forms of
824:
809:
790:
755:
652:Waves of democracy
612:Right to candidacy
582:Popular referendum
572:Political equality
442:Citizens' assembly
110:
3816:
3815:
3582:Airborne leaflets
3461:Election promises
3315:Product placement
3190:Alternative facts
2930:Alternative media
2802:
2801:
2728:Freedom of speech
2546:Theodor W. Adorno
2534:
2533:
2521:Managing the news
2341:Freedom of speech
2321:Media development
2285:News broadcasting
2265:Independent media
2250:Alternative media
2063:Morris, Steven, "
1739:China News Digest
1574:Mass mobilization
1533:free speech zones
1351:adopted in 1993:
1245:demonstration in
1084:Orange Revolution
973:
747:
746:
602:Right to petition
95:
94:
87:
16:(Redirected from
3890:
3863:Activism by type
3845:
3844:
3833:
3832:
3824:
3808:Media proprietor
3632:Public relations
3612:Public diplomacy
3597:Information (IT)
3476:Name recognition
3101:Media regulation
3083:Annoyance factor
2940:Call-out culture
2855:Crowd psychology
2829:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2774:Culture industry
2743:Social influence
2696:The Lonely Crowd
2639:Political satire
2604:Call-out culture
2581:Jacques Rancière
2576:Marshall McLuhan
2551:Jean Baudrillard
2495:Viral phenomenon
2429:Public relations
2402:
2275:Mainstream media
2260:Electronic media
2224:
2217:
2210:
2201:
2166:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2113:
2107:
2087:
2081:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2042:. Archived from
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1985:
1979:
1959:
1953:
1922:
1916:
1892:Stratfor (2004)
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1840:
1834:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1794:
1788:
1787:28 December 2004
1772:
1766:
1748:
1742:
1726:
1720:
1702:
1696:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1625:
1619:
1614:
1584:Right to protest
1549:Civil resistance
1479:Liberal Democrat
1200:non-lethal force
1165:civil resistance
1133:pedestrian zones
1061:Republic of Cuba
1023:civil resistance
978:1976 coup d'Ă©tat
974:
959:Lincoln Memorial
918:social injustice
895:Daniel O'Connell
772:calling for the
739:
732:
725:
711:
710:
607:Right to protest
557:Nomination rules
112:
90:
83:
79:
76:
70:
63:sandwiching text
38:
37:
30:
21:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3883:Protest marches
3873:Protest tactics
3853:
3852:
3851:
3839:
3827:
3819:
3817:
3812:
3803:Media influence
3798:Media franchise
3783:Media democracy
3749:
3694:
3626:
3568:
3549:Loaded language
3500:
3417:
3334:
3286:
3176:
3105:
3087:
3014:
2955:Culture jamming
2904:
2838:
2833:
2803:
2798:
2784:Media franchise
2757:
2701:
2663:
2619:Culture jamming
2585:
2571:Walter Lippmann
2530:
2499:
2443:
2393:
2357:
2348:Media pluralism
2309:
2233:
2228:
2174:
2169:
2156:
2152:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2123:The Independent
2115:
2114:
2110:
2103:The Independent
2098:Wayback Machine
2089:Brown, Colin, "
2088:
2084:
2072:Wayback Machine
2062:
2058:
2049:
2047:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1971:Wayback Machine
1961:Bryan, Dominic
1960:
1956:
1950:Wayback Machine
1934:Wayback Machine
1923:
1919:
1902:Wayback Machine
1891:
1887:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1853:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1818:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1782:Wayback Machine
1773:
1769:
1758:Wayback Machine
1749:
1745:
1736:Wayback Machine
1727:
1723:
1712:Wayback Machine
1703:
1699:
1693:Wayback Machine
1684:
1680:
1673:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1545:
1513:
1491:civil liberties
1426:
1421:
1415:
1403:
1397:
1338:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1302:
1290:
1260:
1243:Naftali Bennett
1235:
1141:
1077:
965:
939:
884:
871:law enforcement
743:
705:
700:
699:
665:
657:
656:
537:Majoritarianism
497:Democratization
432:
424:
423:
158:
148:
117:Politics series
91:
80:
74:
71:
48:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3896:
3894:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3837:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3680:Understatement
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3544:Indoctrination
3541:
3536:
3531:
3529:Disinformation
3526:
3521:
3516:
3510:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3491:Smear campaign
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3408:Sensationalism
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3348:Agenda-setting
3344:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3222:False document
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3127:Catch and kill
3124:
3119:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2960:Demonstrations
2957:
2952:
2947:
2945:Cancel culture
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2609:Cancel culture
2606:
2601:
2595:
2593:
2591:Counterculture
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2556:Edward Bernays
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2511:Catch and kill
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2490:Sensationalism
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2379:Bipartisanship
2376:
2374:American Dream
2371:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2328:
2323:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2185:
2180:
2173:
2172:External links
2170:
2168:
2167:
2150:
2136:
2108:
2082:
2056:
2031:
2006:
1980:
1954:
1941:. Alternative
1917:
1885:
1860:
1835:
1812:
1789:
1767:
1765:2 August 2006.
1743:
1741:, 3 June 1989.
1721:
1719:16 April 2006.
1697:
1678:
1671:
1651:
1620:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1541:
1512:
1509:
1463:. Previously,
1449:Downing Street
1425:
1424:United Kingdom
1422:
1417:Main article:
1414:
1411:
1399:Main article:
1396:
1393:
1334:Main article:
1331:
1328:
1323:Main article:
1320:
1317:
1301:
1298:
1289:
1286:
1259:
1256:
1234:
1233:Law by country
1231:
1208:rubber bullets
1140:
1137:
1076:
1073:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
993:
938:
935:
883:
880:
745:
744:
742:
741:
734:
727:
719:
716:
715:
702:
701:
698:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
666:
663:
662:
659:
658:
655:
654:
649:
644:
642:War referendum
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
532:Libertarianism
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
433:
431:Related topics
430:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
365:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
334:
332:Representative
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
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225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
159:
154:
153:
150:
149:
147:
146:
141:
136:
130:
127:
126:
120:
119:
93:
92:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3895:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3822:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:Media ecology
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3771:United States
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3746:
3745:Telemarketing
3743:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Fearmongering
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3373:False balance
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3330:Word of mouth
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:Broadcast law
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2965:Deplatforming
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
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2924:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2870:False balance
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2685:Mediatization
2683:
2681:
2680:Media studies
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2659:Strike action
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
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1503:In 2021, the
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617:Right to vote
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43:This article
41:
32:
31:
19:
3793:Media ethics
3713:Door-to-door
3708:Cold calling
3685:Weasel words
3592:Fifth column
3486:Push polling
3436:Astroturfing
3398:Pseudo-event
3378:Infotainment
3353:Broadcasting
3272:Urban legend
3195:April Fools'
3068:Testimonials
3038:Infomercials
2959:
2865:Dumbing down
2789:Post-Fordism
2779:Mass society
2748:Transparency
2694:
2623:
2561:Noam Chomsky
2539:Philosophers
2485:Recuperation
2470:Media circus
2460:Dumbing down
2326:Media policy
2300:Social media
2191:
2153:
2139:
2127:. Retrieved
2121:
2111:
2101:
2085:
2077:The Guardian
2075:
2059:
2048:. Retrieved
2044:the original
2034:
2023:. Retrieved
2019:
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1992:
1983:
1975:
1962:
1957:
1925:
1920:
1911:
1893:
1888:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:
1863:
1852:. Retrieved
1848:
1838:
1827:
1820:Adam Roberts
1815:
1803:. Retrieved
1792:
1784:
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1514:
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1471:Human rights
1469:
1438:
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1364:
1362:
1354:
1349:Constitution
1339:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1281:
1261:
1220:
1212:pepper spray
1173:
1169:
1150:
1130:
1119:
1112:
1065:Soviet Union
1047:
1031:
1016:
983:
930:
922:
911:
907:demonstrated
906:
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887:
885:
848:
844:mass meeting
839:
827:
825:
782:labor-rights
566:
414:Totalitarian
297:Non-partisan
277:Majoritarian
258:Jeffersonian
198:Deliberative
188:Cosmopolitan
183:Conservative
163:Anticipatory
115:Part of the
81:
72:
57:by removing
44:
3665:Sound bites
3645:Doublespeak
3496:Wedge issue
3456:Dog whistle
3431:Advertising
3257:Lying press
3242:Gaslighting
3020:Advertising
2995:Occupations
2885:Obfuscation
2875:Half-truths
2668:In academia
2654:Review bomb
2475:Media event
2412:Advertising
2384:Consumerism
2305:State media
1999:16 November
1559:Fare strike
1477:, the then
1465:trespassers
1188:automobiles
1157:nonviolence
1153:nonviolence
1115:anniversary
945:During the
867:riot police
805:interchange
522:Kleroterion
404:Substantive
379:Semi-direct
106:Berlin Wall
75:August 2024
3857:Categories
3766:Media bias
3622:Subversion
3587:False flag
3564:Techniques
3506:Propaganda
3466:Lawn signs
3446:Canvassing
3340:News media
3096:Censorship
3028:Billboards
2980:Hacktivism
2970:Grassroots
2895:Persuasion
2733:Media bias
2634:Occupation
2566:Guy Debord
2448:Techniques
2417:Propaganda
2314:Principles
2290:News media
2270:Mass media
2050:2012-07-17
2025:2024-09-19
1993:undocs.org
1879:2024-09-19
1854:2024-09-19
1605:References
1475:Nick Clegg
1439:Under the
1192:businesses
1096:Wangfujing
923:Historian
855:nonviolent
784:political
768:political
764:, 2013: a
685:Historical
597:Referendum
552:Ochlocracy
527:Liberalism
517:Initiative
394:Sociocracy
322:Procedural
292:Multiparty
253:Jacksonian
248:Industrial
228:Grassroots
213:Electronic
3728:Promotion
3607:Political
3514:Bandwagon
3441:Attack ad
3320:Publicity
3292:Marketing
3205:Fake news
3167:Religious
3162:Political
3142:Euphemism
3137:Cover-ups
3132:Corporate
3000:Petitions
2890:Orwellian
2860:Deception
2713:Anonymity
2422:Fake news
2398:Deception
2295:Old media
2280:New media
1646:1069-3971
1483:Whitehall
1407:Singapore
1395:Singapore
1377:pipelines
1288:Australia
1069:Argentina
1045:violent.
1034:political
999:Picketing
914:grievance
832:political
803:area and
797:Stockholm
622:Sortition
577:Polyarchy
437:Anarchism
419:Workplace
399:Sovereign
389:Socialist
369:Sectarian
347:Christian
337:Religious
312:Pluralist
267:Illiberal
243:Inclusive
218:Empowered
193:Defensive
178:Consensus
124:Democracy
53:. Please
51:talk page
3847:Politics
3675:Transfer
3617:Sedition
3481:Negative
3393:Newspeak
3383:Managing
3325:Research
3300:Branding
3252:Literary
3217:Fakelore
3210:websites
3200:Deepfake
3157:Internet
3048:Modeling
3005:Protests
2985:Internet
2918:Advocacy
2910:Activism
2762:Synonyms
2753:Violence
2629:Graffiti
2362:Ideology
2094:Archived
2068:Archived
1967:Archived
1946:Archived
1930:Archived
1907:Stratfor
1898:Archived
1826:(eds.),
1805:July 29,
1778:Archived
1754:Archived
1732:Archived
1708:Archived
1689:Archived
1589:Petition
1543:See also
1443:and the
1373:viaducts
1369:railways
1315:(1988).
1247:Tel Aviv
1241:An anti-
1216:tear gas
1184:violence
1176:protests
1161:pacifism
1038:economic
949:and the
899:activism
888:monster
863:militant
786:activism
778:bookshop
587:Populism
342:Buddhist
287:Monitory
208:Economic
173:Cellular
168:Athenian
3835:Society
3821:Portals
3754:Related
3733:Spaving
3718:Pricing
3660:Slogans
3602:Lawfare
3539:Framing
3519:Big lie
3310:Product
3305:Loyalty
3237:Forgery
3182:Hoaxing
3063:Slogans
3043:Mobiles
2935:Boycott
2843:Context
2738:Privacy
2644:Protest
2599:Boycott
2465:Framing
2163:FindLaw
2129:28 June
1943:version
1487:Liberty
1413:Ukraine
1385:prisons
1357:pickets
1343:in the
1182:or mob
1126:embassy
1098:on the
1005:Sit-ins
957:to the
890:meeting
882:History
859:violent
851:sit-ins
836:protest
816:Jakarta
801:Slussen
774:boycott
770:protest
352:Islamic
327:Radical
317:Popular
263:Liberal
144:Indices
134:History
3358:Circus
3267:Racial
2706:Issues
2504:Others
2196:(1994)
1669:
1644:
1498:Brexit
1489:, the
1451:, the
1389:courts
1330:Russia
1309:Brazil
1300:Brazil
1251:Israel
1214:, and
1204:tasers
1196:police
1122:nation
1063:, the
1055:, the
1042:social
1040:, and
1027:online
1011:Nudity
990:parade
762:Greece
680:Europe
670:Africa
664:Region
637:Voting
547:Motion
384:Social
362:Mormon
357:Jewish
272:Liquid
233:Guided
223:Ethnic
203:Direct
139:Theory
3700:Sales
3403:Scrum
3363:Cycle
3277:Virus
3147:Films
3112:Books
3053:Radio
3033:False
3010:Youth
2990:Media
2923:group
2880:Media
2405:Forms
2238:Media
1319:Egypt
1180:riots
937:Forms
903:march
840:rally
776:of a
282:Media
156:Types
3670:Spin
3247:List
3172:Self
2850:Bias
2649:Punk
2434:Spin
2131:2021
2001:2020
1822:and
1807:2012
1667:ISBN
1642:ISSN
1515:The
1459:and
1270:and
1190:and
1067:and
876:riot
675:Asia
374:Semi
302:Oral
3058:Sex
2100:",
2074:",
1461:MI6
1457:MI5
1307:in
1159:or
916:or
857:or
3859::
3073:TV
2161:.
2120:.
2018:.
1991:.
1974:,
1872:.
1847:.
1638:52
1636:.
1632:.
1500:.
1387:,
1383:,
1379:,
1375:,
1371:,
1249:,
1210:,
1206:,
1167:.
1059:,
1036:,
878:.
846:.
826:A
265:/
3823::
2828:e
2821:t
2814:v
2223:e
2216:t
2209:v
2165:.
2133:.
2053:.
2028:.
2003:.
1882:.
1857:.
1809:.
1675:.
1648:.
1359:.
1266:(
980:.
807:.
788:.
738:e
731:t
724:v
108:.
88:)
82:(
77:)
73:(
69:.
47:.
20:)
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