United Airlines Flight 232 - Knowledge (XXG)

1104:…the preparation that paid off for the crew was something … called cockpit resource management… Up until 1980, we kind of worked on the concept that the captain was THE authority on the aircraft. What he said, goes. And we lost a few airplanes because of that. Sometimes the captain isn't as smart as we thought he was. And we would listen to him, and do what he said, and we wouldn't know what he's talking about. And we had 103 years of flying experience there in the cockpit, trying to get that airplane on the ground, not one minute of which we had actually practiced, any one of us. So why would I know more about getting that airplane on the ground under those conditions than the other three. So if I hadn't used CRM, if we had not let everybody put their input in, it's a cinch we wouldn't have made it. 947:, deemed that training for such an event involved too many factors to be practical. While some degree of control was possible, no precision could be achieved, and a landing with these conditions was stated to be "a highly random event". Expert United and McDonnell Douglas pilots were unable to reproduce a survivable landing; according to a United pilot who flew with Fitch, "Most of the simulations never even made it close to the ground". The NTSB stated that "under the circumstances the UAL (United Airlines) flight crew performance was highly commendable and greatly exceeded reasonable expectations." At the time of the crash, McDonnell Douglas had ended production of DC-10's, with the last of these being delivered to 1536:, suffered a rupture of the pressure bulkhead in its tail section, caused by undetected damage during a faulty repair to the rear bulkhead after a tailstrike seven years earlier. Pressurized air subsequently rushed out of the bulkhead and blew off the plane's vertical stabilizer, also severing all four of its hydraulic control systems. The pilots were able to keep the plane airborne for 32 minutes using differential engine power, but without any hydraulics or the stabilizing force of the vertical stabilizer, the plane eventually crashed in mountainous terrain. There were only 4 survivors among the 524 on board. This accident is the deadliest single-aircraft accident in history. 1525:, suffered a similar failure of its tail-mounted number two engine. The shrapnel from that engine inflicted damage on all four of its hydraulic systems, which were also close together in the tail structure. Fluid was lost in three of the four systems. The fourth hydraulic system was struck by shrapnel, but not punctured. The hydraulic pressure remaining in that fourth system enabled the captain to land the plane safely with some limited use of the outboard spoilers, the inboard ailerons, and the horizontal stabilizer, plus differential engine power of the remaining two engines. There were no injuries. 652:. An alternative system is also available using a lever in the cockpit floor to cause the landing gear to fall into position. This lever has the added benefit of unlocking the outboard ailerons, which are not used in high-speed flight and are locked in a neutral position. The crew hoped that there might be some trapped hydraulic fluid in the outboard ailerons and that they might regain some use of flight controls by unlocking them. They elected to extend the gear with the alternative system. Although the gear deployed successfully, no change of the controllability of the aircraft resulted. 562: – inputs that would never be used together in normal flight – the aircraft was banking to the right with the nose dropping. Haynes attempted to level the aircraft with his own control column, then both Haynes and Records tried using their control columns together, but the aircraft still did not respond. Afraid the aircraft would roll into a completely inverted position (an unrecoverable situation), the crew reduced the left wing-mounted engine to idle and applied maximum power to the right engine. This caused the airplane to level slowly. 1514:, struck approach light structures for the reciprocal runway as it lifted off the runway at San Francisco Airport. Major damage to the belly and landing gear resulted, which caused the loss of hydraulic fluid from three of its four flight control systems. The fluid which remained in the fourth system gave the captain very limited control of some of the spoilers, ailerons, and one inboard elevator. That was sufficient to circle the plane while fuel was dumped and then to make a hard landing. There were no fatalities, but there were some injuries. 1489: 798: 699:) and it had a sink rate of 1,850 feet per minute (9.4 m/s), while a safe landing would require 140 knots (160 mph; 260 km/h) and 300 feet per minute (1.5 m/s). Moments before landing, the roll to the right suddenly worsened significantly and the aircraft began to pitch forward into a dive; Fitch realized this and pushed both throttles to full power in a desperate, last ditch attempt to level the plane. It was now 16:00. The CVR recorded these final moments: 931:

other engines were found to have defects like that of the crash disk. Prioritization and efficiency of inspections of the many engines suspected would have been aided by determination of the titanium source of the crash disk. Chemical analyses of the crash disk intended to determine its source were inconclusive. The NTSB report stated that if examined disks were not from the same source, "the records on a large number of GEAE disks are suspect. It also means that any AD (

877:

fatigue crack originating from a previously undetected metallurgical defect located in a critical area of the stage 1 fan disk that was manufactured by General Electric Aircraft Engines. The subsequent catastrophic disintegration of the disk resulted in the liberation of debris in a pattern of distribution and with energy levels that exceeded the level of protection provided by design features of the hydraulic systems that operate the DC-10's flight controls.

851:

roughly adjust altitude. The crew guided the crippled jet to Sioux Gateway Airport and aligned it for landing on one of the runways. Without the use of flaps and slats, they were unable to slow for landing, and were forced to attempt landing at a very high ground speed. The aircraft also landed at an extremely high rate of descent because of the inability to flare (reduce the rate of descent before touchdown by increasing

656:

was easier) with the intention of aligning with Runway 31. When they finished they were instead aligned with the closed 6,888-foot (2,099 m) Runway 22, and had little capacity to maneuver. Fire trucks had been placed on Runway 22, anticipating a landing on nearby Runway 31, so all the vehicles were quickly moved out of the way before the airplane touched down. Runway 22 had been closed permanently a year earlier.

648:

failure left the landing gear lowering mechanism inoperative. Two options were available to the flight crew. The DC-10 is designed so that if hydraulic pressure to the landing gear is lost, the gear will fall down slightly and rest on the landing gear doors. Placing the regular landing gear handle in the down position will unlock the doors mechanically, and the doors and landing gear will then fall down into place and

5524: 5583: 40: 464: 759: 5571: 3003: 5559: 927:

records indicate that this RMI titanium billet was first cut in 1972 and that all forgings made from this material were for airframe parts. If the Alcoa records were accurate, the RMI titanium could not have been used to manufacture the crash disk, indicating that the initially rejected TIMET disk with "an unsatisfactory ultrasonic indication" was the crash disk.

855:). As a result upon touchdown, the aircraft broke apart, rolled over, and caught fire. The largest section came to rest in a cornfield next to the runway. Despite the ferocity of the accident, 184 (62.2%) passengers and crew survived owing to a variety of factors including the relatively controlled manner of the crash and the early notification of emergency services. 543: 864: 456: 444: 898:, a sausage-like form about 16 inches in diameter, and tested using ultrasound to look for defects. Defects were located and the ingot was processed further to remove them, but some nitrogen contamination remained. GE later added a third vacuum-forming stage because of their investigation into failing rotating titanium engine parts. 822: 386:

one hydraulic system must have fluid present and the ability to hold fluid pressure to control the aircraft. Like other widebody transport aircraft of the time, the DC-10 was not designed to revert to unassisted manual control in the event of total hydraulic failure. The DC-10's hydraulic system was designed and demonstrated to the

1013:

total loss of pressure from the number-one and the number-two hydraulic systems. The number-three system was dented but not penetrated. NTSB then recommended that FAA "Require adequate protection of DC-10 hydraulic system components in the wing area from tire fragments" by better shielding or adding fuses in this area.

746:

landing gear and engine nacelles and breaking the fuselage into several main pieces. At final impact, the right wing was torn off and the main part of the aircraft skidded sideways, rolled over onto its back, and slid to a stop upside-down in a corn field to the right of Runway 22. Witnesses reported that the aircraft "

930:

CF6 engines like the one containing the crash disk were used to power many civilian and military aircraft at the time of the crash. Due to concerns that the accident could recur, a large number of in-service disks were examined by ultrasound for indications of defects. The fan disks on at least two

881:

Post-crash analysis of the crack surfaces showed the presence of a penetrating fluorescent dye used to detect cracks during maintenance. The presence of the dye indicated that the crack was present and should have been detected at a prior inspection. The detection failure arose from poor attention to

876:

The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the inadequate consideration given to human factors limitations in the inspection and quality control procedures used by United Airlines' engine overhaul facility which resulted in the failure to detect a

833:

The NTSB determined that the probable cause of this accident was the inadequate consideration given to human factors, and limitations of the inspection and quality control procedures used by United Airlines' engine overhaul facility. These resulted in the failure to detect a fatigue crack originating

766:

Of the 296 people aboard, 112 died in the accident. Most were killed by injuries sustained during the multiple impacts, but 35 people in the middle fuselage section directly above the fuel tanks died from smoke inhalation in the post-crash fire. Of those, 24 had no traumatic blunt-force injuries. The

745:

The engines were not able to respond to Fitch's controls in time to stop the roll, and the airplane struck the ground with its right wing, spilling fuel which ignited immediately. The tail section broke off from the force of the impact, and the rest of the aircraft bounced several times, shedding the

590:

Haynes asked Fitch to observe the ailerons through the passenger cabin windows to see if control inputs were having any effect. Fitch reported back that the ailerons were not moving at all. Nonetheless, the crew continued to manipulate their control columns for the remainder of the flight, hoping for

1066:

in 1978. CRM, while still considering the captain as final authority, instructs crew members to speak up when they detect a problem, and instructs captains to listen to crew concerns. United Airlines instituted a CRM class during the early 1980s. The NTSB later credited this training as valuable for

1012:

Losing all three hydraulic systems remained possible if serious damage occurs elsewhere, as nearly happened to a cargo DC-10-40F in April 2002 during takeoff in San Salvador when a main-gear tire exploded after running over a lost thrust reverser cascade. The extensive damage in the left wing caused

909:

The origins of the crash disk are uncertain because of significant irregularities and gaps, noted in the NTSB report, in the manufacturing records of GE Aircraft Engines (GEAE) and its suppliers. Records found after the accident indicated that two rough-machined forgings having the serial number of

570:

were inoperative. The flight crew deployed the DC-10's air-driven generator in an attempt to restore hydraulic power by powering the auxiliary hydraulic pumps, but this was unsuccessful. The crew contacted United Airlines maintenance personnel via radio, but were told that the possibility of a total

533:

disengaged. As First Officer Records took hold of his control column, Captain Haynes concentrated on the tail engine, the instruments for which indicated it was malfunctioning; he found its throttle and fuel supply controls jammed. At Dvorak's suggestion, a valve for fuel to the tail engine was shut

1599:

to control the crippled aircraft, but on the final approach, the trim controlling links burned and the crew completely lost control over the aircraft. Soon after, it crashed on the outskirts of Warsaw; all 183 on board died. Had the plane stayed airborne for 40 seconds more, it would have been able

926:

titanium billet supplied by Alcoa. Research of GE's records showed no other titanium parts were manufactured at GE from this RMI titanium billet during the period of 1969 to 1990. GE records indicate that final finishing and inspection of the crash disk were completed on December 11, 1971. Alcoa

655:

Landing was originally planned for 9,000-foot (2,700 m) Runway 31. Difficulties in controlling the aircraft made alignment with the runway almost impossible. While dumping some of the excess fuel, the airplane executed a series of mostly right-hand turns (turning the airplane in this direction

385:

could provide emergency electrical power for electrically powered auxiliary pumps. These systems were designed to be redundant, such that if two hydraulic systems were inoperable, the one remaining hydraulic system would still permit the full operation and control of the airplane. However, at least

918:

titanium forgings for one disk with the serial number of the crash disk. Some records show that this disk "was rejected for an unsatisfactory ultrasonic indication", that an outside laboratory performed an ultrasound inspection of this disk, that this disk was subsequently returned to GE, and that

829:

The rear engine's fan disk and blade assembly – about 8 ft (2.4 m) across – could not be located at the accident scene despite an extensive search. The engine's manufacturer, General Electric, offered rewards of $ 50,000 for the disk and $ 1,000 for each fan

1583:

when the crew experienced troubles with a gear indicator. When thrust was applied, the low-pressure turbine disc in engine number 2 disintegrated because of material fatigue; parts of the disc damaged engines number 1 and 3 and severed control pushers for both horizontal and vertical stabilizers.

1025:

on its "List of Most Wanted Safety Improvements" in May 1999 suggesting a requirement for children younger than two years old to be restrained safely, which was removed in November 2006. The accident began a campaign directed by United Flight 232's senior flight attendant, Jan Brown Lohr, for all

901:

The contamination caused what is known as a hard alpha inclusion, where a contaminant particle in a metal alloy causes the metal around it to become brittle. The brittle titanium around the impurity then cracked during forging and fell out during final machining, leaving a cavity with microscopic

846:

hydraulic systems aboard the aircraft, which rapidly lost their hydraulic fluid. The subsequent catastrophic disintegration of the disk resulted in the liberation of debris in a pattern of distribution and with energy levels that exceeded the level of protection provided by design features of the

431:

aboard Flight 232 as a passenger, was hired by United in 1968. He estimated that, prior to working for United, he had accrued at least 1,400 hours of flight time with the Air National Guard, with a total flight time around 23,000 hours. His total DC-10 time with United was 2,987 hours, including

1551:

shortly after departing from Irkutsk Airport, Russia. Damage to the starter caused a fire in engine number two (located in the rear fuselage). High temperatures during the fire destroyed the tanks and pipes of all three hydraulic systems. The crew lost control of the aircraft. The out-of-control

1496:

The Flight 232 Memorial was built along the Missouri River in Sioux City, Iowa, to commemorate the heroism of the flight crew and the rescue efforts the Sioux City community undertook after the crash. It features a statue of Iowa National Guard Lt. Col. Dennis Nielsen from a news photo that was

889:

crack in the disk. Titanium reacts with air when melted, which creates impurities that can initiate fatigue cracks like that found in the crash disk. To prevent this, the ingot that would become the fan disk was formed using a "double vacuum" process: the raw materials were melted together in a

659:

ATC also advised that a four-lane Interstate highway ran north and south just east of the airport, which they could land on if they did not think they could make the runway. Captain Haynes replied that they were passing over the interstate at that time and they would try for the runway instead.

647:

As the crew began to prepare for arrival at Sioux Gateway Airport, they questioned whether they should deploy the landing gear or belly-land the aircraft with the gear retracted. They decided that having the landing gear down would provide some shock absorption on impact. The complete hydraulic

850:

Despite these losses, the crew was able to attain and then maintain limited control by using the throttles to adjust thrust from the remaining wing-mounted engines. By using each engine independently, the crew made rough steering adjustments, and by using the engines together they were able to

1505:

The odds against all three hydraulic systems failing simultaneously had previously been calculated as low as a billion to one. Yet such calculations assume that multiple failures must have independent causes, an unrealistic assumption, and similar flight control failures have indeed occurred:

996:

to isolate a punctured section and prevent a total loss of hydraulic fluid. After the United 232 accident, such fuses were installed in the number three hydraulic system in the area below the number two engine on all DC-10 aircraft to ensure sufficient control capability remained if all three

830:

blade. Three months after the crash, a farmer discovered most of the fan disk, with several blades still attached, in her cornfield, thereby qualifying her for a reward, as a General Electric lawyer confirmed. The rest of the fan disk and most of the additional blades were later found nearby.

871:

The investigation, while praising the actions of the flight crew for saving lives, later identified the cause of the accident as a failure by United Airlines maintenance processes and personnel to detect an existing fatigue crack. The Probable Cause in the report by the NTSB read as follows:

750:" end-over-end, but the investigation did not confirm this. The reports were due to misinterpretation of the video of the crash that showed the flaming right wing tumbling end-over-end and the intact left wing, still attached to the fuselage, rolling up and over as the fuselage flipped over. 975:

The manufacturing process for titanium was changed to eliminate the type of gaseous anomaly that served as the starting point for the crack. Newer batches of titanium use much higher melting temperatures and a "triple vacuum" process in an attempt to eliminate such impurities (triple melt

2635: 358:(registration N1819U), was delivered in 1971 and owned by United Airlines since then. Before departure on the flight from Denver on July 19, 1989, the airplane had been operated for a total of 43,401 hours and 16,997 cycles (takeoff-landing pairs). The airplane was powered by three 793:

The passengers who died for reasons other than smoke inhalation were seated in rows 1–4, 24–25, and 28–38. Passengers who died because of smoke inhalation were seated in rows 14, 16, and 22–30. The person assigned to seat 20H moved to an unknown seat and died of smoke inhalation.

1029:

The argument against requiring seats on aircraft for children younger than age two is the higher cost to a family of having to buy a seat for the child, and this higher cost will motivate more families to drive instead of fly, and incur the much greater risk of driving (see

4401: 958:

aircraft. Early attempts to add the ability to real airplanes were not very successful; the software was based on experiments performed in flight simulators where jet engines are usually modeled as "perfect" devices with exactly the same thrust on each engine, a

808:

Fifty-two children, including four "lap children" without their own seats, were aboard the flight because of a United Airlines promotion for "Children's Day". Eleven children, including one lap child, died. Many of the children were traveling alone.

591:

at least some effect. Haynes then asked Fitch to take control of the throttles so that Haynes could concentrate on his control column. With one throttle in each hand, Fitch was able to mitigate the phugoid cycle and make rough steering adjustments.

565:

While Haynes and Records performed the engine shutdown checklist for the failed engine, Dvorak observed that the gauges for fluid pressure and quantity in all three hydraulic systems were indicating zero. The loss of all hydraulic fluid meant that

2632: 4394: 1595:, causing the shaft to break in two; this caused the low-pressure turbine disc to spin to enormous speeds and disintegrate, damaging engine number 1 and cutting the control pushers. The crew managed to return to Warsaw, using nothing but 1119:

in 1972, the relatively shallow angle of descent likely played a large part in the relatively high survival rate. The National Transportation Safety Board concluded that under the circumstances, "a safe landing was virtually impossible".

5648: 1037:

Though it is no longer on the "most wanted" list, providing aircraft restraints for children younger than age two is still recommended practice by the NTSB and FAA, though it is not required by the FAA as of May 2016. The NTSB asked the

1651: 4387: 1563:, Iraq. The missile struck the port-side wing, rupturing a fuel tank and causing the loss of all three hydraulic systems. With the flight controls disabled, the crew used differential thrust to execute a safe landing at Baghdad. 812:

Rescuers did not identify the debris that was the remains of the cockpit, with the four crew members alive inside, until 35 minutes after the crash. All four recovered from their injuries and eventually returned to flight duty.

1054:(CRM). For much of aviation's history, the captain was considered the final authority, and crews were expected to respect the captain's expertise without question. This began to change during the 1970s, especially after the 332:. Of the 296 passengers and crew on board, 112 died during the accident, while 184 people survived. Thirteen of the passengers were uninjured. It was the deadliest single-aircraft accident in the history of United Airlines. 587:, was among the passengers and volunteered to assist. The message was relayed by senior flight attendant Jan Brown Lohr to the flight crew, who invited Fitch into the cockpit; he arrived and began assisting at about 15:29. 578:

cycle – characteristic of planes in which control surface command is lost. With each iteration of the cycle, the aircraft lost about 1,500 feet (460 m) of altitude. Fitch, an experienced United Airlines

5638: 5618: 5603: 2029: 664: 5653: 419:

Dudley J. Dvorak, 51, was hired by United Airlines in 1986. He estimated that he had about 15,000 hours of total flying time. While working for United, he had accumulated 1,903 hours as a flight engineer in the

5623: 3988: 3756: 1640:

raised. The pilots claimed they intentionally landed with the landing gear up, though the CVR recording revealed no discussion about this. Everyone on board the flight survived. 74 people were injured, none

3110: 919:

this disk should have been scrapped. The FAA report stated, "There is no record of warranty claim by GEAE for defective material and no record of any credit for GEAE processed by Alcoa or TIMET".

2549: 997:

hydraulic system lines should be damaged in the tail area. Although elevator and rudder control would be lost, the aircrew would still be able to control the aircraft's pitch (up and down) with

954:

Because this type of aircraft control (with loss of control surfaces) is difficult for humans to achieve, some researchers have attempted to integrate this control ability into the computers of

2361: 1980: 3288: 3942: 518:

resulted in the engine's fan disk departing the aircraft, tearing out components including parts of the No. 2 hydraulic system and supply hoses in the process; these were later found near

1082:

The accident occurred as a shift change was occurring at both a regional trauma center and a regional burn center in Sioux City, allowing for more medical personnel to treat the injured;

1689:, it classified this passenger as a survivor with "serious" injuries. The regulation legally defines "fatal injury" as an injury resulting in death within 30 days after the accident. 3981: 1034:). The FAA estimates that a regulation that all children must have a seat would equate, for every one child's life saved on an aircraft, to 60 people dying in highway accidents. 3255: 1720:

Angle of descent and rate of descent are two different things. The aircraft approached at a high rate of descent but, because its forward speed was also high, a shallow angle.

1447:

by Gregory S. Clapper, a chaplain in the National Guard who relates the stories of some of the survivors he aided in the aftermath of the crash (1999; 2016, Wipf and Stock;

3011: 4861: 4712: 2021: 1698:

The NTSB's report describes Dvorak as Flight 232's "second officer", but notes that the term means "flight engineer" the first time "second officer" is used in its report.

2598: 5658: 5613: 4370: 4364: 3974: 5633: 390:(FAA) as compliant with regulations that "no single failure or malfunction or probable combination of failures will jeopardize the safe operation of the airplane..." 3141: 1878: 963:

between throttle setting and thrust, and instantaneous response to input. Later, computer models were updated to account for these factors, and aircraft such as the

3752: 1021:

Of the four children deemed too young to require seats of their own ("lap children"), one died from smoke inhalation. The NTSB added a safety recommendation to the

405:

Haynes' co-pilot was First Officer William R. "Bill" Records, 48. He estimated that he had approximately 20,000 hours of total flight time. He was hired first by

5643: 4462: 767:

majority of the 184 survivors were seated behind first class and ahead of the wings. Many passengers were able to walk out through the ruptures to the structure.

1556: 1075:

Of the 296 people aboard, 112 were killed and 184 survived. Haynes later identified three factors relating to the time of day that increased the survival rate:

620:

Sioux City Approach: "United Two Thirty-Two Heavy, the wind's currently three six zero at one one; three sixty at eleven. You're cleared to land on any runway."

402:, 57, was hired by United Airlines in 1956. He was highly experienced and had 29,967 hours of total flight time with United, of which 7,190 were in the DC-10. 3102: 370:(GEAE). The aircraft's No. 2 (tail-mounted) engine had accumulated 42,436 hours and 16,899 cycles of operating time immediately prior to the accident flight. 5201: 3700: 2395: 3565: 1682: 99: 4794: 4671: 4272: 4212: 4092: 2553: 2575: 2275: 2219: 1846: 639:

Haynes later noted, "We were too busy . You must maintain your composure in the airplane, or you will die. You learn that from your first day flying."

3783: 1039: 3046: 4583: 4192: 1031: 2520: 2358: 1972: 951:

during the summer of 1989. The last passenger version of the DC-10 flew in 2014, although freighter versions continued to operate until late 2022.

4565: 3399: 3278: 2788: 1552:

plane, at a speed of 275 knots, hit the ground at a dairy farm and burned. All 124 passengers and crew, as well as a dairyman on the ground, died.

3939: 3921: 3335: 2654: 2621:

TITANIUM CLEANLINESS: ... (Sioux City crash) As a consequence, triple melt VAR was adopted by the industry asa premium (rotor) grade requirement

1949: 339:. A majority of those aboard survived; experienced test pilots in simulators were unable to reproduce a survivable landing. It has been termed " 5148: 4854: 4724: 4577: 2890: 5373: 2498: 1711:, all times in this article are provided in Central Daylight Time, consistent with local time for the crash site in Iowa and the NTSB report. 1466: 1452: 1424: 935:) action that is based on the serial number of a disk could fail to have its intended effect because suspect disks could remain in service." 2854: 5111: 3857: 3369: 3042: 1918: 1842: 805:

One crash survivor died one month after the accident; he was classified according to NTSB regulations as a survivor with serious injuries.

4379: 3673: 3647: 3621: 3595: 2916:"How Swift Starting Action Teams Get off the Ground: What United Flight 232 and Airline Flight Crews Can Tell Us About Team Communication" 5453: 5218: 4741: 4659: 4624: 3886:

Siouxland Chamber Of Commerce: Remembering Flight 232 (Picture of memorial depicting Lt. Colonel Dennis Nielsen carrying Spencer Bailey)

1835:

Aircraft Accident Report, United Airlines Flight 232, McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10, Sioux Gateway Airport, Sioux City, Iowa, July 19, 1989

3888: 2704: 1680:

This figure includes one passenger who died 31 days after the accident. The NTSB explained in its final report that in accordance with

1303:

explained in detail the events of the crash through passenger Jerry Schemmel, flight attendant Jan Brown Lohr, and pilot Alfred Haynes.

4202: 3245: 2678: 1144: 497: 309: 221: 4960: 3164: 406: 5534: 5165: 4847: 3869: 3073: 2973: 2952: 2194: 2068: 1362:

by Laurence Gonzales. Surviving crew members attended the play in April 2016, and the production was subsequently nominated for six

1108:

When Haynes died in August 2019, United Airlines issued a statement thanking him for "his exceptional efforts aboard Flight UA232".

631:

A more serious remark often quoted from Haynes was made when ATC asked the crew to make a left turn to keep them clear of the city:

485: 4222: 3526: 3487: 5434: 5428: 5416: 4925: 4718: 4332: 3998: 3956: 842:

resulted in high-speed metal fragments being hurled from the engine; these fragments penetrated the hydraulic lines of all three

1567:

The disintegration of a turbine disc, leading to loss of control, was a direct cause of two major aircraft disasters in Poland:

894:, allowed to cool and solidify, then melted in a vacuum once more. After the double vacuum process, the ingot was shaped into a 5459: 5410: 5229: 4955: 4618: 4548: 4530: 3961: 3951: 3451: 2990: 2605: 1629: 1588: 964: 724: 489: 477: 387: 301: 293: 207: 193: 3853: 3730: 5404: 5398: 4162: 4042: 2915: 2821: 1572: 1438: 2465: 2341: 2253: 847:

hydraulic systems that operate the DC-10's flight controls; the flight crew lost its ability to operate nearly all of them.

3133: 2642:"All the fan disks manufactured after January 1972 were made in accordance with the new triple-melt material requirements". 797: 4706: 4694: 3551: 3512: 3473: 2090: 1871: 1636:, Russia. Due to a failure to follow standard operating procedures, the plane was forced to land in a corn field with the 1560: 1392: 1363: 77: 5549: 3429: 2316: 2160: 503:

At 15:16, while the airplane was making a slight right turn at its cruising altitude of 37,000 feet (11,000 m), the

4965: 4747: 4688: 4571: 4518: 4439: 3902: 1351: 1112: 838:-alloy stage-1 fan disk that was manufactured by General Electric Aircraft Engines. The uncontained manner in which the 3897: 1325:(made into a film in 2013) dramatically reenacted the incident using transcripts from the cockpit voice recorder (CVR). 902:

cracks at the edges. For the next 18 years, the crack grew slightly each time the engine was powered up and brought to

687:, the crew was unable to control either airspeed or sink rate. At final approach, the aircraft's forward speed was 220 5330: 5288: 5276: 5270: 5264: 5258: 5252: 5246: 5240: 5234: 5223: 5212: 5206: 5195: 5189: 5183: 5177: 5171: 4771: 4630: 4512: 4474: 4182: 4062: 4052: 4022: 3697:"Russian Plane With 234 People On Board Crash-lands in Cornfield After Birds Fly Into Engine Causing Fire, 23 Injured" 3200: 3191: 1522: 1248: 1213:), titled "Impossible Landing". The episode featured interviews with survivors and showed actual footage of the crash. 1205: 3815: 2425: 5367: 5361: 5355: 5336: 5318: 5312: 5306: 5294: 5282: 5159: 5142: 4818: 4788: 4700: 4612: 4600: 4542: 4352: 4122: 4072: 3880: 1592: 1544: 1059: 675:

Fitch continued to control the aircraft's descent by adjusting engine thrust. With the loss of all hydraulics, the

667:

The airplane landed askew, causing an explosion and fire seen in this still from video taken by local news station

410: 139: 73: 3222: 2109: 2002: 1097:"Had any of those things not been there," Haynes said, "I'm sure the fatality rate would have been a lot higher." 5628: 5324: 5153: 4759: 4606: 4292: 4142: 3696: 2379: 1529: 1264: 1055: 567: 3569: 546:

Photo of United Airlines Flight 232 from the NTSB report, with the damage done by the second engine highlighted.

5527: 4870: 4636: 4422: 3912: 3906: 3196: 1914: 1609: 1330: 1051: 843: 336: 4665: 2281: 1067:

the success of United 232's crew in handling their emergency. The FAA made CRM mandatory after the accident.

5506: 5084: 4536: 4468: 4082: 3848: 3843: 2567: 2211: 1909: 1833: 1086: 989: 932: 571:

loss of hydraulics in a DC-10 was considered so remote that no procedure was established for such an event.

355: 313: 3779: 922:

GE records of the second disk having the serial number of the crash disk indicate that it was made with an

526:, severing the No. 1 and No. 3 hydraulic system lines where they passed through the horizontal stabilizer. 5465: 5422: 4981: 4935: 4486: 4102: 3033: 839: 747: 680: 602: 3864: 2705:"Modifications to NTSB Most Wanted List: List of Transportation Safety Improvements after September 1990" 5608: 5379: 5123: 5022: 4891: 4642: 4524: 4456: 4312: 4302: 4172: 4032: 2448: 1656: 1488: 1269: 1243: 1006: 998: 903: 598: 378: 329: 317: 180: 91: 3084: 2777: 2490: 762:

Locations of passengers indicated by severity/lack of injury, and reason of death from the NTSB report.

3391: 3339: 413:. He was hired by United in 1985, and had accrued 665 hours as a DC-10 first officer while at United. 5488: 5064: 4930: 4282: 4132: 2651: 1941: 1343: 1321: 977: 923: 511: 359: 343:" as it is considered one of the most impressive landings ever performed in the history of aviation. 328:

due to an unnoticed manufacturing defect in the engine's fan disk, which resulted in the loss of all

2879: 432:

1,943 hours accrued as a flight engineer, 965 hours as a first officer, and 79 hours as a captain.

4986: 4242: 1313: 1282: 1277: 1134: 1009:. Although not ideal, the system provides a greater control than that available to the United 232. 960: 696: 594: 559: 515: 374: 3966: 3035:

Aircraft Accident Report, Eastern Airlines, Inc. L-1011, N310EA, Miami, Florida, December 29, 1972

601:

was organized. Haynes kept his sense of humor during the emergency, as recorded by the airplane's

4322: 3361: 2843: 2711: 1708: 1253: 886: 676: 3839: 2666: 1904: 721:

Haynes: "Left, left throttle, left, left, left, left, left, left, left, left, left, left, left!"

3885: 3669: 3643: 3617: 3591: 1584:

After 26 seconds of uncontrolled descent, the aircraft crashed, killing all 87 people on board.

1100:

Haynes also credited CRM as being one of the factors that saved his own life, and many others.

5494: 4996: 4806: 4753: 4495: 4480: 4262: 3933: 3545: 3506: 3467: 3250: 2948: 2759: 2387: 2190: 2084: 1511: 1462: 1448: 1434: 1420: 1294: 1273:; a portion of Episode 7 (originally aired January 25, 2008) detailed the events of the crash. 1221: 1168: 584: 352: 4991: 4940: 4232: 2749: 2741: 2064: 1533: 1476: 1308: 1217: 1063: 993: 944: 867:

The fracture is clearly visible in the recovered fan disk from the center engine of UAL 232.

852: 580: 321: 3940:

Errol Morris' First Person (one hour documentary video, accident recounting by Denny Fitch)

2682: 1433:– an inside survivor narrative by Joseph Trombello (1999, PrintSource Plus, Appleton, WI; 377:, each powered by one of the aircraft's three engines, to power movement of the aircraft's 5563: 5027: 4886: 4765: 3946: 3892: 3283: 3088: 3077: 2658: 2639: 2365: 2345: 2164: 1518: 1409: 1174: 1116: 948: 551: 416: 382: 289: 149: 3070: 2969: 1905:"ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 N1819U Sioux Gateway Airport, IA (SUX)" 1358:. The play was a new work directed and adapted by Vanessa Stalling and based on the book 522:. Engine debris penetrated the aircraft's tail section in numerous places, including the 1089:

was on duty at Sioux Gateway Airport, allowing for 285 trained personnel to assist with

4909: 4812: 4410:

Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States and U.S. territories in the 1980s

4342: 4252: 4112: 3488:"Aircraft Accident Report Pan American World Airways Inc Boeing 747, N747PA Flight 845" 3310: 1576: 1540: 1472: 1234: 1180: 1156: 692: 624: 554:. Even with the control column turned all the way to the left, commanding maximum left 3004:"Heroic United Airlines Pilot Dies 30 Years After Saving 184 Passengers in Iowa Crash" 2754: 2729: 1685: 1399:

Martha Conant told her story of survival to her daughter-in-law, Brittany Conant, on "

5597: 5500: 5089: 5074: 5017: 5001: 3916: 3810:[The number of injuries during the landing of A321 in the field reached 74]. 2182: 1299: 1872:"Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data, U.S. General Aviation, Calendar Year 1998" 834:

from a previously undetected metallurgical defect located in a critical area of the

5587: 5482: 5069: 4945: 3722: 1637: 1387: 1186: 1140: 649: 428: 229: 225: 39: 3103:"Plane Crash Survivor's Miraculous Tale of Faith: 'I Remember Every Minute of It'" 2926: 2813: 1475:

discussed his experiences on the Time Sensitive podcast, in a 2019 interview with

910:

the crash disk had been routed through GEAE manufacturing. Records indicated that

2461: 2338: 1203:

The accident was the subject of an 11th-season episode of the documentary series

1001:, and would be able to control roll (left and right) with some of the aircraft's 5582: 5575: 5079: 5048: 5043: 1621: 1613: 1366: 1335: 955: 688: 508: 367: 335:

Despite the fatalities, the accident is considered a good example of successful

3780:"Russian jet crash-lands in field outside Moscow after striking flock of gulls" 463: 17: 5117: 5094: 3874: 3421: 3392:""Spencer Bailey Reflects on the Crash-Landing of United Airlines Flight 232"" 2745: 2306: 2157: 1400: 712:

Fitch: "Nah, I can't pull 'em off or we'll lose it, that's what's turning ya."

684: 574:

The airplane was tending to pull right, and oscillated slowly vertically in a

519: 421: 325: 81: 2391: 2249: 114: 101: 1652:

List of aircraft accidents and incidents resulting in at least 50 fatalities

1596: 1580: 1162: 895: 758: 530: 523: 399: 4839: 2763: 1587:

On May 9, 1987, improperly assembled bearings in Il-62M engine number 2 on

1347:

portrayed a fictional plane crash based in part on the crash of Flight 232.

542: 44:

N1819U, the aircraft involved in the accident, photographed in January 1977

3805: 2417: 882:

human factors in United Airlines' specification of maintenance processes.

2110:"Aviation Safety Network CVR/FDR: United Airlines DC-10-10 – 19 JUL 1989" 1459:

Chosen to Live: The Inspiring Story of Flight 232 Survivor Jerry Schemmel

1190: 835: 504: 363: 211: 197: 4832:

An asterisk (*) denotes an incident that took place in a U.S. territory.

3927: 3214: 2212:"20 years ago, pilot's heroic efforts saved 185 people as plane crashed" 863: 455: 3723:"Russia bird strike: 23 injured after plane hits gulls and crash-lands" 2311: 2120: 1625: 1548: 1445:

When the World Breaks Your Heart: Spiritual Ways of Living With Tragedy

1002: 575: 555: 493: 467:

Diagram showing engine components lost in flight, from the NTSB report.

305: 3753:"Passengers injured in emergency landing after Russian jet hits birds" 5649:

Airliner accidents and incidents involving uncontained engine failure

4950: 3870:

A talk given by the pilot describing the crash at NASA Dryden in 1991

1633: 1183:– former radio broadcaster of the Denver Nuggets and Colorado Rockies 1090: 891: 609:

Fitch: "I'll tell you what, we'll have a beer when this is all done."

481: 297: 1877:. National Transportation Safety Board. p. 19. NTSB/ARG-03/01. 777:

76 died for reasons other than smoke inhalation (17 in first class).

443: 1372:

In 2021, the accident was covered in episode 5 of the UK TV series

821: 663: 1617: 1487: 1258: 915: 911: 862: 820: 796: 757: 727:: "Whoop whoop pull up. Whoop whoop pull up. Whoop whoop pull up." 662: 550:

Meanwhile, Records found that the airplane did not respond to his

541: 462: 454: 442: 381:. In the event of loss of engine power or primary pump failure, a 3807:Число пострадавших при посадке A321 в поле возросло до 74 человек 1497:

taken that day while he was carrying a three-year-old to safety.

943:

The NTSB investigation, after reconstructions of the accident in

2987: 2071:. Airdisaster.com. Archived from the original on August 31, 2006 668: 448: 4843: 4383: 3970: 774:

35 died because of smoke inhalation (none were in first class).

3454:. AirDisaster.Com. Archived from the original on June 18, 2008 3246:"Surviving crew of doomed United Flight 232 reunites for play" 1404: 1232:

The episode "Engineering Disasters" (season 6, episode 18) of

1022: 906:. Eventually, the crack broke open, causing the disk to fail. 5639:

Accidents and incidents involving the McDonnell Douglas DC-10

5619:

Airliner accidents and incidents caused by mechanical failure

5604:

Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1989

2667:

https://www.ntsb.gov/safety/safety-recs/RecLetters/A03_40.pdf

2144:

Playback of original CVR recording on "A Wing and a Prayer".

1461:

by Jerry Schemmel with Kevin Simpson (Victory Pub. Co.,1996;

1306:

The episode "Crisis in the Cockpit" (Season 2, Episode 1) of

612:

Haynes: "Well I don't drink, but I'll sure as hell have one."

324:, after suffering a catastrophic failure of its tail-mounted 3081: 1079:

The accident occurred during daylight hours in good weather;

3865:

Cockpit voice-recorder transcript (pdf) (NB contains error)

3279:"'Dreamgirls' and 'Tempest' win at 2016 Equity Jeff Awards" 2521:"Test pilot says safe landing of United jet was impossible" 1973:"Test pilot says safe landing of United jet was impossible" 1193:, who managed to resume performing two days after the crash 967:

have been flown successfully with this software installed.

5654:

Aviation accidents and incidents caused by loss of control

2485: 2483: 2158:

last cockpit voice recording of United Flight 232 at 0:18

1591:

overheated and exploded during cruise over the village of

316:(registered as N1819U) serving the flight crash-landed at 5624:

Airliner accidents and incidents caused by engine failure

3618:"Aviation Safety Network Criminal Occurrence Description" 2925:. Vol. 19, no. 2. November 2005. Archived from 1557:

a DHL Airbus A300, was struck by a surface-to-air missile

1189:– banjo player and member of American bluegrass ensemble 2633:

07/19/89 United Airlines, FAA, human factors maintenance

2177: 2175: 2173: 1419:

by Laurence Gonzales (2014, W. W. Norton & Company;

679:

could not be extended, and since flaps control both the

627:. You want to be particular and make it a runway, huh?" 1247:(S2E7 9/13/05 "Crash Landing in/at Sioux City") on the 1050:

The accident has since become an example of successful

597:(ATC) was contacted and an emergency landing at nearby 3527:"Aircraft Accident Report Eastern Airlines Flight 935" 2710:. National Transportation Safety Board. Archived from 2243: 2241: 2239: 2237: 635:

Haynes: "Whatever you do, keep us away from the city."

5547: 3903:

News report with video of crash landing of Flight 232

3566:"Japan Airlines Flight 123, Boeing 747-SR100, JA8119" 2599:"Titanium in Aero Engines, Trends & Developments" 558:, and pulled all the way back, commanding maximum up 459:

Damage to the rear of the plane, from the NTSB report

435:

Eight flight attendants were also aboard the flight.

3922:

Martha Conant tells her story of surviving the crash

2059: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2047: 5475: 5444: 5389: 5346: 5133: 5103: 5057: 5036: 5010: 4974: 4918: 4902: 4879: 4781: 4734: 4681: 4652: 4593: 4558: 4505: 4449: 4432: 4415: 3532:. NTSB. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011 3493:. NTSB. Archived from the original on July 31, 2009 2462:"The Crash of United Flight 232 by Capt. Al Haynes" 427:Dennis E. Fitch, nicknamed "Denny", 46, a training 275: 267: 259: 251: 243: 235: 217: 203: 189: 179: 171: 163: 155: 145: 135: 130: 87: 69: 54: 49: 3952:Cockpit voice-recorder recording at time of impact 3849:NTSB Accident report of United Airlines Flight 232 2844:"Safety Alerts Child Passenger Safety on Aircraft" 2543: 2541: 2301: 2299: 2104: 2102: 2100: 1338:, includes a fictional crash based on Flight 232. 783:47 were injured seriously (eight in first class). 534:off. This part of the emergency took 14 seconds. 2550:"Pilot who helped fly crippled jet in 1989 dies" 447:Radar plot of the plane's flight path, from the 424:and 33 hours as a flight engineer in the DC-10. 3165:"Fifteen years after crash, survivor remembers" 1102: 874: 3670:"Aviation Safety Network Accident Description" 3644:"Aviation Safety Network Accident Description" 3592:"Aviation Safety Network Accident Description" 3362:"After Disaster, a Survivor Sheds Her Regrets" 1707:While Colorado is wholly contained within the 1042:to make this a requirement in September 2013. 4855: 4713:Indianapolis Ramada Inn A-7D Corsair II crash 4395: 3982: 2970:"The Crash of United Flight 232 (transcript)" 1676: 1674: 1672: 8: 5202:1955 MacArthur Airport United Airlines crash 3311:"'Plane Crash Recreated' UA232 / Sioux City" 2778:"Use of Child Restraint Systems on Aircraft" 2652:"WAS02RA037, NTSB Factual Report – Aviation" 2189:. Aerospace Publications. pp. 186–202. 2022:"Al Haynes, pilot of Flight 232, dies at 87" 1417:Flight 232: A Story of Disaster and Survival 786:125 had minor injuries (one in first class). 32: 2378:Cushman, John H. Jr. (September 19, 1989). 1241:The accident was featured in an episode of 4862: 4848: 4840: 4795:Evergreen International Airlines Flight 17 4672:Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 incident 4402: 4388: 4380: 4213:Pakistan International Airlines Flight 404 4093:Evergreen International Airlines Flight 17 3989: 3975: 3967: 3876:Video of the above lecture by Capt. Haynes 2491:"Key Piece of Doomed DC-10 Found in Field" 2119:. Flight Safety Foundation. Archived from 1386:Dennis Fitch described his experiences in 31: 4463:Thunderbirds Indian Springs Diamond Crash 3215:"Crash Landing: The Rescue of Flight 232" 2753: 2740:(7429). British Medical Journal: 1424–7. 1216:The accident was the subject of the 1992 1040:International Civil Aviation Organization 885:Investigators discovered an impurity and 789:13 had no injuries (none in first class). 5659:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1989 5614:Airliner accidents and incidents in Iowa 4584:Provincetown-Boston Airlines Flight 1039 3898:"17th Anniversary Tribute of Flight 232" 2889:. National Transportation Safety Board. 2853:. National Transportation Safety Board. 2820:. National Transportation Safety Board. 1032:Epidemiology of motor vehicle collisions 5634:United Airlines accidents and incidents 5554: 4566:Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 901 3929:Crash Landing: The Rescue of Flight 232 3422:"Flight 232 Memorial, Sioux City, Iowa" 3336:"Errol Morris' First Person Episode 10" 2814:"Child and Youth Transportation Safety" 2578:from the original on September 30, 2006 1828: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1732: 1668: 1604:In contrast to deploying landing gear: 1227:Crash Landing: The Rescue of Flight 232 4725:Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 3962:A detailed description of the accident 3543: 3504: 3465: 3402:from the original on November 25, 2021 3244:Ihejirika, Maudlyne (April 16, 2016). 3134:"A Remarkable Tale of a Derby Trainer" 3113:from the original on December 18, 2019 2824:from the original on November 17, 2018 2730:"The power of stories over statistics" 2319:from the original on February 16, 2017 2082: 2032:from the original on December 21, 2019 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1736: 825:Damaged hydraulic systems in the DC-10 514:engine disintegrated explosively. The 5644:July 1989 events in the United States 4273:Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash 3650:from the original on October 19, 2012 3432:from the original on October 19, 2019 3291:from the original on October 20, 2016 3144:from the original on February 2, 2017 3052:from the original on October 16, 2020 2976:from the original on October 26, 2013 2896:from the original on January 25, 2017 2380:"Crash Tape Shows a Pessimistic Crew" 1952:from the original on December 9, 2021 1921:from the original on December 3, 2020 1852:from the original on October 24, 2018 1071:Factors contributing to survival rate 7: 5112:Blakey v. Continental Airlines, Inc. 3858:Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University 3818:from the original on August 17, 2019 3786:from the original on August 15, 2019 3759:from the original on August 15, 2019 3733:from the original on August 15, 2019 3729:. BBC News Online. August 15, 2019. 3703:from the original on August 15, 2019 3043:National Transportation Safety Board 3014:from the original on August 27, 2019 2794:from the original on October 8, 2021 2501:from the original on August 10, 2011 2446:United Airlines Flight 232 episode, 2428:from the original on January 8, 2021 1983:from the original on August 27, 2019 1845:. November 1, 1990. NTSB/AAR-90/06. 1843:National Transportation Safety Board 1510:In 1971, a Boeing 747, operating as 1026:children to have seats on aircraft. 409:in 1969. He worked subsequently for 5219:1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision 4742:Trans-Colorado Airlines Flight 2286 4625:Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105 4193:Alice Springs hot air balloon crash 3624:from the original on August 6, 2011 3598:from the original on August 6, 2011 3258:from the original on April 18, 2016 3132:Rosenblatt, Richard (May 1, 2006). 3101:Riggs, Stephanie (August 5, 2016). 1971:Peterson, John (October 31, 1989). 706:Haynes: "Left turn, close 'em off." 4203:China Eastern Airlines Flight 5510 3676:from the original on June 15, 2013 3372:from the original on July 21, 2011 2923:Management Communication Quarterly 2552:. Associated Press. Archived from 2277:DC-10 Flight Crew Operating Manual 2222:from the original on July 22, 2009 2020:Dreeszen, Dave (August 26, 2019). 1884:from the original on June 15, 2010 1145:Continental Basketball Association 730:Haynes: "Everybody stay in brace!" 310:Philadelphia International Airport 222:Philadelphia International Airport 25: 5536:List of airline holding companies 5166:1943 Liberator crash at Whenuapai 4578:San Luis Obispo mid-air collision 3695:Cole, Brendan (August 15, 2019). 3277:Jones, Chris (October 17, 2016). 3225:from the original on May 27, 2006 3163:Preheim, Cheryl (July 20, 2004). 3045:. June 14, 1973. NTSB/AAR-73/14. 2860:from the original on May 15, 2017 2681:. August 13, 2006. Archived from 2468:from the original on July 3, 2011 2256:from the original on July 3, 2011 780:One died a month after the crash. 373:The DC-10 used three independent 368:General Electric Aircraft Engines 5581: 5569: 5557: 5523: 5522: 5445:Continental Express / Connection 4719:Continental Airlines Flight 1713 3999:Aviation accidents and incidents 2968:Capt. Al Haynes (May 24, 1991). 2880:"Strengthen Occupant Protection" 2398:from the original on May 6, 2019 2339:"The Crash of United Flight 232" 2250:"The Crash of United Flight 232" 2210:Gates, Dominic (July 19, 2009). 1628:engines just after takeoff from 1267:distributed a documentary named 1177:– Olympian and racehorse trainer 1159:– writer, editor, and journalist 529:The pilots felt a jolt, and the 95:Sioux City, Iowa, United States 38: 5230:1960 New York mid-air collision 4619:Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 4531:Reeve Aleutian Airways Flight 8 3814:(in Russian). August 15, 2019. 2991:Dryden Flight Research Facility 2007:Federal Aviation Administration 1630:Zhukovsky International Airport 1589:LOT Polish Airlines Flight 5055 1085:The accident occurred when the 725:Ground Proximity Warning System 478:Stapleton International Airport 388:Federal Aviation Administration 294:Stapleton International Airport 194:Stapleton International Airport 4660:Grand Canyon mid-air collision 4223:Cubana de Aviación Flight 9046 4163:Philippine Airlines Flight 124 3452:"Eyewitness Report:United 232" 1573:LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 1396:, episode "Leaving the Earth". 1093:and evacuation of the injured. 681:minimum required forward speed 1: 4707:Northwest Airlines Flight 255 4695:Northwest Airlink Flight 2268 3778:Fox, Kara (August 15, 2019). 3755:. CBS News. August 15, 2019. 3091:, Retrieved December 27, 2018 2947:. Boxtree. pp. 158–165. 2604:. Rolls-Royce. Archived from 2359:"Flight 232 Radio Transcript" 1561:Baghdad International Airport 1559:shortly after departing from 538:Attempts to control the plane 4966:Texas International Airlines 4748:American Airlines Flight 132 4689:SkyWest Airlines Flight 1834 4572:Vieques Air Link Flight 901A 4519:Eastern Air Lines Flight 855 4440:Eastern Air Lines Flight 935 2548:Babwin, Don (May 10, 2012). 1948:. Flight Safety Foundation. 1352:The House Theatre of Chicago 1113:Eastern Air Lines Flight 401 733:GPWS: "Whoop whoop pull up." 709:Records: "Pull 'em all off." 490:O'Hare International Airport 302:O'Hare International Airport 208:O'Hare International Airport 4772:Delta Air Lines Flight 1141 4637:Teterboro mid-air collision 4631:Henson Airlines Flight 1517 4513:United Airlines Flight 2885 4475:Pilgrim Airlines Flight 458 4333:Angola Lockheed L-100 crash 4183:Olympic Aviation Flight 545 4063:Flying Tiger Line Flight 66 4053:Independent Air Flight 1851 3945:September 18, 2021, at the 3672:. Aviation Safety Network. 3646:. Aviation Safety Network. 3620:. Aviation Safety Network. 3594:. Aviation Safety Network. 2167:Retrieved January 10, 2013. 1523:Eastern Airlines Flight 935 1249:National Geographic Channel 1115:crash of a similarly sized 801:The aftermath of Flight 232 496:with continuing service to 476:Flight 232 lifted off from 5675: 5104:Legal and public relations 4819:United Express Flight 2415 4801:United Airlines Flight 232 4789:United Airlines Flight 811 4701:American Eagle Flight 5452 4613:Delta Air Lines Flight 191 4601:Galaxy Airlines Flight 203 4549:Anchorage runway collision 4543:Ozark Air Lines Flight 650 4353:United Express Flight 2415 4153:United Airlines Flight 232 4123:Surinam Airways Flight 764 4073:United Airlines Flight 811 3189:"The Impossible Landing". 3076:December 28, 2018, at the 2638:February 28, 2017, at the 1977:United Press International 1624:that caused fires in both 1545:Baikal Airlines Flight 130 1060:United Airlines Flight 173 988:Newer designs such as the 770:Of all of the passengers: 472:Takeoff and engine failure 411:Pan American World Airways 288:was a regularly scheduled 286:United Airlines Flight 232 140:McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 74:Uncontained engine failure 33:United Airlines Flight 232 5518: 4828: 4760:Aloha Airlines Flight 243 4607:China Airlines Flight 006 4362: 4293:China Airlines Flight 204 4043:Germany mid-air collision 4014: 3891:October 10, 2022, at the 3550:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3511:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3472:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3368:. NPR. January 11, 2008. 2943:Faith, Nicholas (1998) . 2746:10.1136/bmj.327.7429.1424 2089:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1616:, encountered a flock of 1530:Japan Airlines Flight 123 1171:– investment fund manager 1058:in 1977 and the crash of 1056:Tenerife Airport disaster 939:Influence on the industry 703:Records: "Close 'em off." 312:. On July 19, 1989, the 37: 5011:Former holding companies 4903:Current marketing brands 4872:United Airlines Holdings 4830:This list is incomplete. 4423:Air Wisconsin Flight 965 3806: 3197:Discovery Channel Canada 1915:Flight Safety Foundation 1610:Ural Airlines Flight 178 1431:Miracle in the Cornfield 1290:) featured the accident. 1052:crew resource management 1046:Crew resource management 337:crew resource management 5507:American General Center 5447:accidents and incidents 5392:accidents and incidents 5349:accidents and incidents 5136:accidents and incidents 5037:Frequent flyer services 5018:Jet Capital Corporation 4975:Former marketing brands 4956:People Express Airlines 4537:Air Illinois Flight 710 4469:World Airways Flight 30 4083:Air Ontario Flight 1363 3844:Aviation Safety Network 2657:March 14, 2022, at the 2117:Aviation Safety Network 2003:"FAA Registry (N1819U)" 1946:Aviation Safety Network 1910:Aviation Safety Network 1211:Air Crash Investigation 1087:Iowa Air National Guard 1017:Restraints for children 990:McDonnell Douglas MD-11 933:Airworthiness Directive 58:July 19, 1989 4982:Continental Connection 4936:Continental Micronesia 4103:Transbrasil Flight 801 4023:Air battle near Tobruk 2572:Past Research Projects 2364:June 27, 2018, at the 1493: 1316:featured the accident. 1143:– commissioner of the 1124:Notable people onboard 1106: 879: 868: 826: 802: 763: 672: 603:cockpit voice recorder 547: 468: 460: 452: 398:Flight 232's captain, 341:The Impossible Landing 27:1989 aviation accident 5149:1934 Boeing 247 crash 5124:United Breaks Guitars 5023:Texas Air Corporation 4666:Aeroméxico Flight 498 4643:Death of Ricky Nelson 4525:Air Canada Flight 797 4457:Air Florida Flight 90 4313:Korean Air Flight 175 4303:Aeroflot Flight 37577 4173:Korean Air Flight 803 4033:Kegworth air disaster 3568:. FAA. Archived from 3221:. February 24, 1992. 3087:July 5, 2007, at the 2717:on December 30, 2008. 2449:Seconds From Disaster 2344:July 5, 2008, at the 2315:. December 25, 2015. 2307:""Leaving the Earth"" 2187:Air Disaster Volume 2 2163:May 20, 2016, at the 1657:Miracle on the Hudson 1491: 1374:Plane Crash Recreated 1244:Seconds From Disaster 904:operating temperature 866: 824: 800: 761: 666: 599:Sioux Gateway Airport 545: 524:horizontal stabilizer 486:Central Daylight Time 466: 458: 446: 400:Alfred C. "Al" Haynes 318:Sioux Gateway Airport 115:42.40806°N 96.38389°W 92:Sioux Gateway Airport 5489:77 West Wacker Drive 5390:Continental Airlines 5065:William A. Patterson 4931:Continental Airlines 4283:TAN-SAHSA Flight 414 4143:Belgium MiG-23 crash 4133:Interflug Flight 102 3840:Accident description 3572:on February 25, 2013 2787:. December 9, 2010. 2665:, August 21, 2003. 2497:. October 12, 1989. 1608:On August 15, 2019, 1600:to reach the runway. 1539:In 1994, RA85656, a 1528:On August 12, 1985, 1413:of January 11, 2008. 1322:Charlie Victor Romeo 924:RMI Titanium Company 507:of its tail-mounted 366:engines produced by 4987:Continental Express 4633:(September 23 1985) 4371:► 1990 4365:1988 ◄ 4243:Partnair Flight 394 3426:RoadsideAmerica.com 3201:National Geographic 3195:. Season 11. 2012. 3138:The Washington Post 3010:. August 27, 2019. 2728:Newman, TB (2003). 2357:Sioux City Journal 1571:On March 14, 1980, 1492:Flight 232 Memorial 1484:Flight 232 Memorial 1390:'s television show 1314:The Weather Channel 1283:Survival in the Sky 1278:A Wing and a Prayer 1265:The History Channel 1238:featured the crash. 1135:John Kenneth Stille 971:Titanium processing 961:linear relationship 754:Injuries and deaths 718:Fitch: "Back, Al!" 650:lock due to gravity 595:Air traffic control 516:uncontained failure 120:42.40806; -96.38389 111: / 34: 4821:(December 26 1989) 4815:(December 15 1989) 4756:(February 19 1988) 4627:(September 6 1985) 4551:(December 23 1983) 4545:(December 20 1983) 4368: 4323:Avianca Flight 203 2685:on August 13, 2006 2568:"Active Home Page" 2464:. Clear-prop.org. 2422:planecrashinfo.com 2384:The New York Times 2337:Haynes, Capt. Al. 2126:on August 10, 2011 2026:Sioux City Journal 1709:Mountain Time Zone 1494: 1254:MSNBC Investigates 1165:– aircraft captain 992:have incorporated 869: 827: 803: 764: 673: 548: 469: 461: 453: 362:high bypass-ratio 136:Aircraft type 5545: 5544: 5495:1600 Smith Street 4997:Shuttle by United 4961:Frontier Airlines 4837: 4836: 4807:USAir Flight 5050 4754:AVAir Flight 3378 4750:(February 3 1988) 4496:Pan Am Flight 830 4481:Pan Am Flight 759 4471:(January 23 1982) 4465:(January 18 1982) 4459:(January 13 1982) 4377: 4376: 4263:USAir Flight 5050 3251:Chicago Sun-Times 2679:"Aviation Issues" 2597:Thomas, Malcolm. 2495:Los Angeles Times 1942:"United Airlines" 1555:In 2003, OO-DLL, 1501:Similar accidents 1467:978-0-965-20865-9 1453:978-1-498-28428-8 1425:978-0-393-24002-3 1381:Survivor accounts 1356:United Flight 232 1295:Biography Channel 1222:A Thousand Heroes 1169:Helen Young Hayes 945:flight simulators 914:supplied GE with 741:End of recording. 585:flight instructor 407:National Airlines 375:hydraulic systems 353:McDonnell Douglas 283: 282: 16:(Redirected from 5666: 5629:Sioux City, Iowa 5586: 5585: 5574: 5573: 5572: 5562: 5561: 5560: 5553: 5537: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5511: 4992:Continental Lite 4941:Continental West 4926:Capital Airlines 4880:Current airlines 4873: 4864: 4857: 4850: 4841: 4809:(September 1989) 4621:(August 25 1985) 4580:(August 24 1984) 4574:(August 2 1984)* 4442:(September 1981) 4404: 4397: 4390: 4381: 4369: 4233:Varig Flight 254 4009: 4008: 4006: 3991: 3984: 3977: 3968: 3913:Pre-crash photos 3877: 3828: 3827: 3825: 3823: 3802: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3640: 3634: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3549: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3531: 3523: 3517: 3516: 3510: 3502: 3500: 3498: 3492: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3471: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3388: 3382: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3342:on April 8, 2011 3338:. Archived from 3332: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3307: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3186: 3180: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3098: 3092: 3068: 3062: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3051: 3040: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3008:Travel + Leisure 3000: 2994: 2986:Presentation to 2985: 2983: 2981: 2965: 2959: 2958: 2940: 2934: 2933: 2932:on July 5, 2007. 2931: 2920: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2895: 2884: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2859: 2848: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2793: 2782: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2757: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2709: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2675: 2669: 2649: 2643: 2630: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2616: 2611:on June 10, 2011 2610: 2603: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2556:on May 14, 2012. 2545: 2536: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2487: 2478: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2458: 2452: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2414: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2375: 2369: 2355: 2349: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2303: 2294: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2284:on July 21, 2011 2280:. Archived from 2272: 2266: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2245: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2179: 2168: 2155: 2149: 2142: 2136: 2135: 2133: 2131: 2125: 2114: 2106: 2095: 2094: 2088: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2069:"Special report" 2061: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2017: 2011: 2010: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1937: 1931: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1900: 1894: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1883: 1876: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1851: 1840: 1830: 1721: 1718: 1712: 1705: 1699: 1696: 1690: 1688: 1678: 1534:Boeing 747-146SR 1477:Andrew Zuckerman 1309:Why Planes Crash 1225:, also known as 1218:television movie 1064:Portland, Oregon 984:Aircraft designs 859:Failed component 715:Records: "Okay." 568:control surfaces 509:General Electric 351:The airplane, a 322:Sioux City, Iowa 308:, continuing to 175:UNITED 232 HEAVY 126: 125: 123: 122: 121: 116: 112: 109: 108: 107: 104: 65: 63: 42: 35: 21: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5594: 5593: 5592: 5580: 5570: 5568: 5558: 5556: 5548: 5546: 5541: 5535: 5528: 5514: 5509: 5471: 5446: 5440: 5391: 5385: 5348: 5342: 5135: 5134:United Airlines 5129: 5099: 5053: 5032: 5028:UAL Corporation 5006: 4970: 4919:Former airlines 4914: 4898: 4887:United Airlines 4875: 4871: 4868: 4838: 4833: 4831: 4824: 4791:(February 1989) 4777: 4766:TACA Flight 110 4730: 4727:(December 1987) 4721:(November 1987) 4677: 4674:(November 1986) 4648: 4645:(December 1985) 4639:(November 1985) 4615:(August 2 1985) 4609:(February 1985) 4589: 4586:(December 1984) 4568:(February 1984) 4554: 4501: 4477:(February 1982) 4445: 4428: 4411: 4408: 4378: 4373: 4367: 4358: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4345: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4325: 4320: 4316: 4315: 4310: 4306: 4305: 4300: 4296: 4295: 4290: 4286: 4285: 4280: 4276: 4275: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4255: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4226: 4225: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4150: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4120: 4116: 4115: 4110: 4106: 4105: 4100: 4096: 4095: 4090: 4086: 4085: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4040: 4036: 4035: 4030: 4026: 4025: 4020: 4010: 4004: 4002: 3997: 3995: 3957:Accident photos 3947:Wayback Machine 3936:– 1992 TV movie 3909:, July 19, 1989 3893:Wayback Machine 3875: 3836: 3831: 3821: 3819: 3808: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3789: 3787: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3721: 3720: 3716: 3706: 3704: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3653: 3651: 3642: 3641: 3637: 3627: 3625: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3575: 3573: 3564: 3563: 3559: 3542: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3503: 3496: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3464: 3457: 3455: 3450: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3405: 3403: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3375: 3373: 3366:Morning Edition 3360: 3359: 3355: 3345: 3343: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3317: 3309: 3308: 3304: 3294: 3292: 3284:Chicago Tribune 3276: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3243: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3226: 3213: 3212: 3208: 3188: 3187: 3183: 3173: 3171: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3089:Wayback Machine 3078:Wayback Machine 3069: 3065: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2979: 2977: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2955: 2942: 2941: 2937: 2929: 2918: 2914: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2893: 2882: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2846: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2827: 2825: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2797: 2795: 2791: 2780: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2707: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2659:Wayback Machine 2650: 2646: 2640:Wayback Machine 2631: 2627: 2614: 2612: 2608: 2601: 2596: 2595: 2591: 2581: 2579: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2547: 2546: 2539: 2529: 2527: 2519: 2518: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2489: 2488: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2455: 2445: 2441: 2431: 2429: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2401: 2399: 2377: 2376: 2372: 2366:Wayback Machine 2356: 2352: 2346:Wayback Machine 2336: 2332: 2322: 2320: 2305: 2304: 2297: 2287: 2285: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2259: 2257: 2247: 2246: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2209: 2208: 2204: 2197: 2181: 2180: 2171: 2165:Wayback Machine 2156: 2152: 2143: 2139: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2112: 2108: 2107: 2098: 2081: 2074: 2072: 2063: 2062: 2045: 2035: 2033: 2019: 2018: 2014: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1986: 1984: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1953: 1940:Ranter, Harro. 1939: 1938: 1934: 1924: 1922: 1903:Ranter, Harro. 1902: 1901: 1897: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1838: 1832: 1831: 1734: 1730: 1725: 1724: 1719: 1715: 1706: 1702: 1697: 1693: 1681: 1679: 1670: 1665: 1648: 1620:resulting in a 1547:, crashed near 1521:, operating as 1519:Lockheed L-1011 1503: 1486: 1410:Morning Edition 1383: 1328:The 1991 novel 1209:(also known as 1200: 1175:Michael R. Matz 1153: 1131: 1126: 1117:Lockheed L-1011 1073: 1048: 1019: 999:stabilizer trim 994:hydraulic fuses 986: 973: 949:Nigeria Airways 941: 861: 819: 756: 645: 540: 474: 441: 417:Flight Engineer 396: 383:ram air turbine 379:flight controls 349: 330:flight controls 290:United Airlines 164:ICAO flight No. 156:IATA flight No. 150:United Airlines 119: 117: 113: 110: 105: 102: 100: 98: 97: 96: 94: 61: 59: 45: 28: 23: 22: 18:Dennis E. Fitch 15: 12: 11: 5: 5672: 5670: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5590: 5578: 5566: 5543: 5542: 5540: 5539: 5532: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5512: 5504: 5498: 5492: 5486: 5479: 5477: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5469: 5463: 5457: 5450: 5448: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5414: 5408: 5402: 5395: 5393: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5365: 5359: 5352: 5350: 5347:United Express 5344: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5310: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5274: 5268: 5262: 5256: 5250: 5244: 5238: 5232: 5227: 5221: 5216: 5210: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5187: 5181: 5175: 5169: 5163: 5157: 5151: 5146: 5139: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5128: 5127: 5120: 5115: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5061: 5059: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5051: 5046: 5040: 5038: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4912: 4910:United Express 4906: 4904: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4883: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4869: 4867: 4866: 4859: 4852: 4844: 4835: 4834: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4816: 4813:KLM Flight 867 4810: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4775: 4769: 4763: 4757: 4751: 4745: 4744:(January 1988) 4738: 4736: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4715:(October 1987) 4710: 4704: 4698: 4692: 4691:(January 1987) 4685: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4669: 4663: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4649: 4647: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4616: 4610: 4604: 4603:(January 1985) 4597: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4587: 4581: 4575: 4569: 4562: 4560: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4552: 4546: 4540: 4539:(October 1983) 4534: 4528: 4522: 4516: 4515:(January 1983) 4509: 4507: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4499: 4493: 4492:(July 23 1982) 4484: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4460: 4453: 4451: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4443: 4436: 4434: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4426: 4419: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4399: 4392: 4384: 4375: 4374: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4351: 4348: 4347: 4343:KLM Flight 867 4341: 4338: 4337: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4301: 4298: 4297: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4281: 4278: 4277: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4261: 4258: 4257: 4253:UTA Flight 772 4251: 4248: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4237: 4231: 4228: 4227: 4221: 4218: 4217: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4201: 4198: 4197: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4171: 4168: 4167: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4151: 4148: 4147: 4141: 4138: 4137: 4131: 4128: 4127: 4121: 4118: 4117: 4113:EAS Flight 602 4111: 4108: 4107: 4101: 4098: 4097: 4091: 4088: 4087: 4081: 4078: 4077: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4041: 4038: 4037: 4031: 4028: 4027: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4011: 3996: 3994: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3919: 3910: 3900: 3895: 3883: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3861: 3860: 3854:Alternate link 3846: 3835: 3834:External links 3832: 3830: 3829: 3797: 3770: 3744: 3714: 3687: 3661: 3635: 3609: 3583: 3557: 3518: 3479: 3443: 3413: 3396:Time Sensitive 3383: 3353: 3327: 3302: 3269: 3236: 3206: 3181: 3155: 3124: 3093: 3082:The CBA Museum 3063: 3025: 2995: 2960: 2953: 2935: 2907: 2871: 2835: 2805: 2769: 2720: 2696: 2670: 2644: 2625: 2589: 2559: 2537: 2512: 2479: 2453: 2439: 2409: 2370: 2350: 2330: 2295: 2267: 2233: 2202: 2195: 2183:Job, Macarthur 2169: 2150: 2137: 2096: 2043: 2012: 1994: 1963: 1932: 1895: 1863: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1713: 1700: 1691: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1654: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1642: 1602: 1601: 1585: 1579:, attempted a 1577:Ilyushin Il-62 1565: 1564: 1553: 1541:Tupolev Tu-154 1537: 1526: 1515: 1502: 1499: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1480: 1473:Spencer Bailey 1470: 1456: 1442: 1428: 1414: 1397: 1382: 1379: 1378: 1377: 1370: 1369:, winning two. 1348: 1341:The 1993 film 1339: 1326: 1319:The 1999 play 1317: 1304: 1291: 1274: 1262: 1239: 1235:Modern Marvels 1230: 1214: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1184: 1181:Jerry Schemmel 1178: 1172: 1166: 1160: 1157:Spencer Bailey 1152: 1149: 1148: 1147: 1138: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1095: 1094: 1083: 1080: 1072: 1069: 1047: 1044: 1018: 1015: 985: 982: 972: 969: 940: 937: 860: 857: 818: 815: 791: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 755: 752: 743: 742: 739: 737: 736:Haynes: "God!" 734: 731: 728: 722: 719: 716: 713: 710: 707: 704: 644: 641: 637: 636: 629: 628: 621: 614: 613: 610: 552:control column 539: 536: 488:, en route to 473: 470: 440: 437: 395: 392: 348: 345: 281: 280: 277: 273: 272: 269: 265: 264: 261: 257: 256: 253: 249: 248: 245: 241: 240: 237: 233: 232: 219: 215: 214: 205: 201: 200: 191: 187: 186: 183: 177: 176: 173: 169: 168: 165: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 147: 143: 142: 137: 133: 132: 128: 127: 89: 85: 84: 71: 67: 66: 56: 52: 51: 47: 46: 43: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5671: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5577: 5567: 5565: 5555: 5551: 5538: 5533: 5531: 5521: 5520: 5517: 5508: 5505: 5502: 5501:600 Jefferson 5499: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5474: 5467: 5464: 5461: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5443: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5415: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5357: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5345: 5338: 5335: 5332: 5329: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5239: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5214: 5211: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5197: 5194: 5191: 5188: 5185: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5132: 5125: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5090:Walter Varney 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5075:Larry Kellner 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5056: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5015: 5013: 5009: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4917: 4911: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4865: 4860: 4858: 4853: 4851: 4846: 4845: 4842: 4827: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4780: 4774:(August 1988) 4773: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4709:(August 1987) 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4673: 4670: 4668:(August 1986) 4667: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4651: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4608: 4605: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4550: 4547: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4533:(June 8 1983) 4532: 4529: 4527:(June 2 1983) 4526: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4498:(August 1982) 4497: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4488:Twilight Zone 4485: 4483:(July 9 1982) 4482: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4424: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4414: 4405: 4400: 4398: 4393: 4391: 4386: 4385: 4382: 4372: 4366: 4361: 4354: 4344: 4334: 4324: 4314: 4304: 4294: 4284: 4274: 4264: 4254: 4244: 4234: 4224: 4214: 4204: 4194: 4184: 4174: 4164: 4154: 4144: 4134: 4124: 4114: 4104: 4094: 4084: 4074: 4064: 4054: 4044: 4034: 4024: 4013: 4000: 3992: 3987: 3985: 3980: 3978: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3917:Airliners.net 3914: 3911: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3878: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3852: 3851: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3841: 3838: 3837: 3833: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3801: 3798: 3785: 3781: 3774: 3771: 3758: 3754: 3748: 3745: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3718: 3715: 3702: 3698: 3691: 3688: 3675: 3671: 3665: 3662: 3649: 3645: 3639: 3636: 3623: 3619: 3613: 3610: 3597: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3571: 3567: 3561: 3558: 3553: 3547: 3528: 3522: 3519: 3514: 3508: 3489: 3483: 3480: 3475: 3469: 3453: 3447: 3444: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3387: 3384: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3341: 3337: 3331: 3328: 3316: 3312: 3306: 3303: 3290: 3286: 3285: 3280: 3273: 3270: 3257: 3253: 3252: 3247: 3240: 3237: 3229:September 15, 3224: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3207: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3185: 3182: 3170: 3166: 3159: 3156: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3128: 3125: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3097: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3072: 3071:Commissioners 3067: 3064: 3056:September 22, 3048: 3044: 3037: 3036: 3029: 3026: 3013: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2992: 2989: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2961: 2956: 2954:0-7522-2118-3 2950: 2946: 2939: 2936: 2928: 2924: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2892: 2888: 2881: 2875: 2872: 2856: 2852: 2845: 2839: 2836: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2809: 2806: 2790: 2786: 2779: 2773: 2770: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2724: 2721: 2713: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2684: 2680: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2634: 2629: 2626: 2622: 2607: 2600: 2593: 2590: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2563: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2544: 2542: 2538: 2530:September 11, 2526: 2522: 2516: 2513: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2467: 2463: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2443: 2440: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2413: 2410: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2340: 2334: 2331: 2318: 2314: 2313: 2308: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2271: 2268: 2255: 2251: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2238: 2234: 2221: 2217: 2216:Seattle Times 2213: 2206: 2203: 2198: 2196:1-875671-19-6 2192: 2188: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2159: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2141: 2138: 2122: 2118: 2111: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2086: 2075:September 15, 2070: 2066: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2044: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2016: 2013: 2008: 2004: 1998: 1995: 1987:September 11, 1982: 1978: 1974: 1967: 1964: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1936: 1933: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1906: 1899: 1896: 1880: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1848: 1844: 1837: 1836: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1704: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1662: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1543:operating as 1542: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1507: 1500: 1498: 1490: 1483: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1384: 1380: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1300:I Survived... 1296: 1292: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1276:The episode " 1275: 1272: 1271: 1266: 1263: 1261:news channel. 1260: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1228: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1202: 1201: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1098: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1045: 1043: 1041: 1035: 1033: 1027: 1024: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 995: 991: 983: 981: 979: 970: 968: 966: 965:F-15 STOL/MTD 962: 957: 952: 950: 946: 938: 936: 934: 928: 925: 920: 917: 913: 907: 905: 899: 897: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 865: 858: 856: 854: 848: 845: 841: 840:engine failed 837: 831: 823: 817:Investigation 816: 814: 810: 806: 799: 795: 788: 785: 782: 779: 776: 773: 772: 771: 768: 760: 753: 751: 749: 740: 738: 735: 732: 729: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 708: 705: 702: 701: 700: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 670: 665: 661: 657: 653: 651: 643:Crash landing 642: 640: 634: 633: 632: 626: 622: 619: 618: 617: 611: 608: 607: 606: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 586: 582: 577: 572: 569: 563: 561: 557: 553: 544: 537: 535: 532: 527: 525: 521: 517: 513: 510: 506: 501: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 471: 465: 457: 450: 445: 438: 436: 433: 430: 425: 423: 418: 414: 412: 408: 403: 401: 393: 391: 389: 384: 380: 376: 371: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 346: 344: 342: 338: 333: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 231: 227: 223: 220: 216: 213: 209: 206: 202: 199: 195: 192: 190:Flight origin 188: 184: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 151: 148: 144: 141: 138: 134: 129: 124: 93: 90: 86: 83: 79: 76:resulting in 75: 72: 68: 57: 53: 48: 41: 36: 30: 19: 5609:1989 in Iowa 5483:Willis Tower 5300: 5110: 5070:Glenn Tilton 4946:New York Air 4800: 4797:(March 1989) 4762:(April 1988) 4697:(March 1987) 4487: 4152: 3928: 3820:. Retrieved 3811: 3800: 3788:. Retrieved 3773: 3761:. Retrieved 3747: 3735:. Retrieved 3726: 3717: 3705:. Retrieved 3699:. Newsweek. 3690: 3678:. Retrieved 3664: 3652:. Retrieved 3638: 3626:. Retrieved 3612: 3600:. Retrieved 3586: 3574:. Retrieved 3570:the original 3560: 3534:. Retrieved 3521: 3495:. Retrieved 3482: 3456:. Retrieved 3446: 3434:. Retrieved 3425: 3416: 3406:December 24, 3404:. Retrieved 3395: 3386: 3374:. Retrieved 3365: 3356: 3344:. Retrieved 3340:the original 3330: 3318:. Retrieved 3314: 3305: 3295:February 15, 3293:. Retrieved 3282: 3272: 3262:February 15, 3260:. Retrieved 3249: 3239: 3227:. Retrieved 3218: 3209: 3190: 3184: 3172:. Retrieved 3168: 3158: 3146:. Retrieved 3137: 3127: 3117:December 18, 3115:. Retrieved 3106: 3096: 3066: 3054:. Retrieved 3034: 3028: 3016:. Retrieved 3007: 2998: 2978:. Retrieved 2963: 2944: 2938: 2927:the original 2922: 2910: 2898:. Retrieved 2887:app.ntsb.gov 2886: 2874: 2862:. Retrieved 2851:www.ntsb.gov 2850: 2838: 2826:. Retrieved 2818:www.ntsb.gov 2817: 2808: 2796:. Retrieved 2784: 2772: 2737: 2733: 2723: 2712:the original 2699: 2687:. Retrieved 2683:the original 2673: 2662: 2647: 2628: 2620: 2613:. Retrieved 2606:the original 2592: 2580:. Retrieved 2571: 2562: 2554:the original 2528:. Retrieved 2524: 2515: 2503:. Retrieved 2494: 2470:. Retrieved 2456: 2447: 2442: 2430:. Retrieved 2421: 2418:"cvr 961119" 2412: 2400:. Retrieved 2383: 2373: 2353: 2333: 2323:February 16, 2321:. Retrieved 2310: 2286:. Retrieved 2282:the original 2276: 2270: 2258:. Retrieved 2248:Haynes, Al. 2224:. Retrieved 2215: 2205: 2186: 2153: 2145: 2140: 2128:. Retrieved 2121:the original 2116: 2073:. Retrieved 2034:. Retrieved 2025: 2015: 2006: 1997: 1985:. Retrieved 1976: 1966: 1954:. Retrieved 1945: 1935: 1923:. Retrieved 1908: 1898: 1886:. Retrieved 1866: 1854:. Retrieved 1834: 1716: 1703: 1694: 1638:landing gear 1603: 1566: 1504: 1495: 1458: 1444: 1430: 1416: 1408: 1393:First Person 1391: 1388:Errol Morris 1373: 1359: 1355: 1342: 1329: 1320: 1307: 1298: 1287: 1281: 1268: 1252: 1242: 1233: 1226: 1220: 1210: 1204: 1187:Pete Wernick 1141:Jay Ramsdell 1111:As with the 1110: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1096: 1074: 1049: 1036: 1028: 1020: 1011: 987: 974: 953: 942: 929: 921: 908: 900: 884: 880: 875: 870: 849: 832: 828: 811: 807: 804: 792: 769: 765: 744: 674: 658: 654: 646: 638: 630: 615: 593: 589: 573: 564: 549: 528: 502: 498:Philadelphia 475: 434: 429:check airman 426: 415: 404: 397: 372: 350: 340: 334: 292:flight from 285: 284: 230:Pennsylvania 226:Philadelphia 181:Registration 29: 5466:Flight 3407 5460:Flight 2574 5454:Flight 2286 5435:Flight 1404 5429:Flight 1883 5417:Flight 1713 5380:Flight 4933 5374:Flight 3411 5368:Flight 5925 5362:Flight 6291 5356:Flight 2415 5331:Flight 1175 5289:Flight 2885 5277:Flight 2860 5085:Oscar Munoz 5080:Jeff Smisek 5049:MileagePlus 5044:United Club 4803:(July 1989) 4703:(May 1987)* 4662:(June 1986) 4425:(June 1980) 3436:December 9, 2798:January 15, 2036:February 4, 1956:December 9, 1925:December 9, 1888:January 12, 1683:49 CFR 1622:bird strike 1614:Airbus A321 1517:In 1981, a 1367:Jeff Awards 1336:Dean Koontz 1286:(UK title: 956:fly-by-wire 844:independent 748:cartwheeled 695:; 410 616:and later: 218:Destination 210:, Chicago, 118: / 5598:Categories 5476:Facilities 5411:Flight 603 5337:Flight 328 5319:Flight 175 5313:Flight 826 5307:Flight 585 5301:Flight 232 5295:Flight 811 5283:Flight 173 5271:Flight 553 5265:Flight 266 5259:Flight 227 5253:Flight 389 5247:Flight 823 5241:Flight 297 5235:Flight 859 5224:Flight 736 5213:Flight 629 5207:Flight 409 5196:Flight 615 5190:Flight 610 5184:Flight 624 5178:Flight 608 5172:Flight 521 5118:Untied.com 5095:Robert Six 4768:(May 1988) 4521:(May 1983) 3822:August 19, 3790:August 15, 3763:August 15, 3737:August 15, 3707:August 15, 3148:January 8, 3018:August 29, 2900:August 29, 2864:August 29, 2828:August 29, 2432:January 6, 2065:Haynes, Al 1728:References 1512:Pan Am 845 1439:0966981502 1401:Storycorps 1360:Flight 232 1198:Depictions 691:(250 623:Haynes: " 583:and DC-10 520:Alta, Iowa 422:Boeing 727 260:Fatalities 244:Passengers 196:, Denver, 106:96°23′02″W 103:42°24′29″N 82:hydraulics 62:1989-07-19 5503:(Houston) 5497:(Houston) 5491:(Chicago) 5485:(Chicago) 5423:Flight 55 5405:Flight 12 5399:Flight 11 5325:Flight 93 5160:Flight 34 5143:Flight 23 3680:April 11, 3654:April 11, 3628:April 11, 3602:April 11, 3576:April 11, 3536:April 11, 3497:April 11, 3376:March 15, 3346:March 15, 2945:Black Box 2689:March 15, 2615:April 10, 2505:March 15, 2472:March 15, 2392:0362-4331 2368:3:57 p.m. 2288:March 16, 2260:March 16, 2146:Black Box 2130:March 25, 1856:March 15, 1641:severely. 1597:trim tabs 1581:go-around 1403:" during 1354:produced 1350:In 2016, 1331:Cold Fire 1288:Black Box 1270:Shockwave 1163:Al Haynes 1151:Survivors 1137:– chemist 685:sink rate 531:autopilot 484:at 14:09 276:Survivors 236:Occupants 172:Call sign 5564:Aviation 5529:Category 5510:(former) 5154:Flight 4 4490:accident 3943:Archived 3907:ABC News 3889:Archived 3816:Archived 3784:Archived 3757:Archived 3731:Archived 3727:BBC News 3701:Archived 3674:Archived 3648:Archived 3622:Archived 3596:Archived 3546:cite web 3507:cite web 3468:cite web 3430:Archived 3400:Archived 3370:Archived 3320:March 9, 3289:Archived 3256:Archived 3223:Archived 3142:Archived 3111:Archived 3085:Archived 3074:Archived 3047:Archived 3012:Archived 2974:Archived 2891:Archived 2855:Archived 2822:Archived 2789:Archived 2785:Ntsb.gov 2764:14684635 2655:Archived 2636:Archived 2576:Archived 2574:. NASA. 2499:Archived 2466:Archived 2426:Archived 2396:Archived 2362:Archived 2342:Archived 2317:Archived 2254:Archived 2226:July 19, 2220:Archived 2185:(1996). 2161:Archived 2085:cite web 2030:Archived 1981:Archived 1950:Archived 1919:Archived 1879:Archived 1847:Archived 1646:See also 1618:seagulls 1344:Fearless 1191:Hot Rize 1062:outside 1007:spoilers 1003:ailerons 836:titanium 560:elevator 505:fan disk 364:turbofan 356:DC-10-10 347:Aircraft 268:Injuries 212:Illinois 204:Stopover 198:Colorado 146:Operator 131:Aircraft 50:Accident 5550:Portals 4003: ( 4001:in 1989 3881:YouTube 3842:at the 3782:. CNN. 3458:June 4, 3174:May 28, 2980:June 4, 2582:June 1, 2402:May 30, 2312:YouTube 2148:. 1996. 1626:CFM56-5 1593:Lipinki 1549:Irkutsk 1297:series 1257:on the 1129:Victims 887:fatigue 605:(CVR): 581:captain 576:phugoid 556:aileron 494:Chicago 451:report. 306:Chicago 70:Summary 60: ( 5468:(2009) 5462:(1991) 5456:(1988) 5437:(2008) 5431:(2006) 5425:(2000) 5419:(1987) 5413:(1978) 5407:(1965) 5401:(1962) 5382:(2019) 5376:(2017) 5370:(1996) 5364:(1994) 5358:(1989) 5339:(2021) 5333:(2018) 5327:(2001) 5321:(2001) 5315:(1997) 5309:(1991) 5303:(1989) 5297:(1989) 5291:(1983) 5285:(1978) 5279:(1977) 5273:(1972) 5267:(1969) 5261:(1965) 5255:(1965) 5249:(1964) 5243:(1962) 5237:(1961) 5226:(1958) 5215:(1955) 5209:(1955) 5198:(1951) 5192:(1951) 5186:(1948) 5180:(1947) 5174:(1947) 5168:(1943) 5162:(1936) 5156:(1935) 5145:(1933) 5058:People 4951:Pan Am 4349:Dec 26 4339:Dec 15 4329:Nov 27 4319:Nov 27 4309:Nov 25 4299:Nov 21 4289:Oct 26 4279:Oct 21 4269:Oct 18 4259:Sep 20 4249:Sep 19 4209:Aug 25 4199:Aug 15 4189:Aug 13 4169:Jul 27 4159:Jul 21 4149:Jul 19 4129:Jun 17 4109:Apr 10 4099:Mar 21 4089:Mar 18 4079:Mar 10 4069:Feb 24 4059:Feb 19 4039:Jan 13 3812:ria.ru 3192:Mayday 2993:staff. 2951: 2762: 2755:300791 2752: 2390: 2193: 1634:Moscow 1465: 1451: 1437: 1423: 1364:Equity 1206:Mayday 1091:triage 896:billet 892:vacuum 482:Denver 439:Events 360:CF6-6D 326:engine 298:Denver 185:N1819U 167:UAL232 5588:1980s 4892:fleet 4239:Sep 8 4229:Sep 3 4219:Sep 3 4179:Aug 3 4139:Jul 4 4119:Jun 7 4049:Feb 8 4029:Jan 8 4019:Jan 4 3915:from 3530:(PDF) 3491:(PDF) 3169:9News 3050:(PDF) 3039:(PDF) 2930:(PDF) 2919:(PDF) 2894:(PDF) 2883:(PDF) 2858:(PDF) 2847:(PDF) 2792:(PDF) 2781:(PDF) 2715:(PDF) 2708:(PDF) 2609:(PDF) 2602:(PDF) 2348:15:59 2124:(PDF) 2113:(PDF) 1882:(PDF) 1875:(PDF) 1850:(PDF) 1839:(PDF) 1686:830.2 1663:Notes 1612:, an 1575:, an 1334:, by 1280:" of 1259:MSNBC 916:TIMET 912:Alcoa 853:pitch 689:knots 677:flaps 625:Roger 512:CF6-6 314:DC-10 159:UA232 5576:Iowa 4782:1989 4735:1988 4682:1987 4653:1986 4594:1985 4559:1984 4506:1983 4450:1982 4433:1981 4416:1980 4005:1989 3934:IMDb 3824:2019 3792:2019 3765:2019 3739:2019 3709:2019 3682:2011 3656:2011 3630:2011 3604:2011 3578:2011 3552:link 3538:2011 3513:link 3499:2011 3474:link 3460:2008 3438:2021 3408:2021 3378:2011 3348:2011 3322:2023 3315:IMDb 3297:2016 3264:2016 3231:2006 3219:IMDb 3176:2022 3150:2020 3119:2019 3058:2020 3020:2019 2988:NASA 2982:2013 2949:ISBN 2902:2019 2866:2019 2830:2019 2800:2022 2760:PMID 2691:2011 2663:NTSB 2617:2011 2584:2006 2532:2022 2507:2011 2474:2011 2434:2021 2404:2019 2388:ISSN 2325:2017 2290:2011 2262:2011 2228:2009 2191:ISBN 2132:2011 2091:link 2077:2006 2038:2020 1989:2022 1958:2021 1927:2021 1890:2020 1858:2011 1532:, a 1463:ISBN 1449:ISBN 1435:ISBN 1421:ISBN 1293:The 1251:and 1005:and 697:km/h 683:and 669:KTIV 449:NTSB 394:Crew 252:Crew 88:Site 78:loss 55:Date 5002:Ted 3932:at 3879:on 3856:at 3107:CBN 2750:PMC 2742:doi 2738:327 2734:BMJ 2525:UPI 1407:'s 1405:NPR 1312:on 1023:FAA 980:). 978:VAR 693:mph 492:in 480:in 320:in 304:in 300:to 296:in 279:184 271:171 263:112 247:285 239:296 80:of 5600:: 3905:, 3725:. 3548:}} 3544:{{ 3509:}} 3505:{{ 3470:}} 3466:{{ 3428:. 3424:. 3398:. 3394:. 3364:. 3313:. 3287:. 3281:. 3254:. 3248:. 3217:. 3199:/ 3167:. 3140:. 3136:. 3109:. 3105:. 3080:, 3041:. 3006:. 2972:. 2921:. 2885:. 2849:. 2816:. 2783:. 2758:. 2748:. 2736:. 2732:. 2661:. 2619:. 2570:. 2540:^ 2523:. 2493:. 2482:^ 2424:. 2420:. 2394:. 2386:. 2382:. 2309:. 2298:^ 2252:. 2236:^ 2218:. 2214:. 2172:^ 2115:. 2099:^ 2087:}} 2083:{{ 2067:. 2046:^ 2028:. 2024:. 2005:. 1979:. 1975:. 1944:. 1917:. 1913:. 1907:. 1841:. 1735:^ 1671:^ 1632:, 1469:). 1455:). 1441:). 1427:). 500:. 255:11 228:, 224:, 5552:: 5126:" 5122:" 4863:e 4856:t 4849:v 4403:e 4396:t 4389:v 4007:) 3990:e 3983:t 3976:v 3924:. 3826:. 3794:. 3767:. 3741:. 3711:. 3684:. 3658:. 3632:. 3606:. 3580:. 3554:) 3540:. 3515:) 3501:. 3476:) 3462:. 3440:. 3410:. 3380:. 3350:. 3324:. 3299:. 3266:. 3233:. 3203:. 3178:. 3152:. 3121:. 3060:. 3022:. 2984:. 2957:. 2904:. 2868:. 2832:. 2802:. 2766:. 2744:: 2693:. 2586:. 2534:. 2509:. 2476:. 2436:. 2406:. 2327:. 2292:. 2264:. 2230:. 2199:. 2134:. 2093:) 2079:. 2040:. 2009:. 1991:. 1960:. 1929:. 1892:. 1860:. 1479:. 1376:. 1229:. 671:. 64:) 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index