571:. Twenty-two years later, the German royal set about bringing a piece of Naples to Germany; he had his architect build a brick inner building nearly five stories high and cover it with local boulders. At the top, a hollow cone was made and contained a high chamber, complete with three fireplaces and a roof that contained an "artificial crater" that could be filled with water. He then constructed a lake around the volcano and invited his friends to watch an eruption. Only contemporary accounts detail what the 18th-century artificial eruption would have been like, but the practice still takes place today, complete with modern effects, after the island was restored to its past glory.
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559:. Rousseau saw agriculture as the basis of everyday life and pointed out to educational functions of the natural landscape. Unsurprisingly, the most elegant landscape in the area is Rousseau Island in Neumark's Garden, scored to imitate the island at Ermenonville Park where the philosopher was buried.
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As early as 1765, Leopold III began to make architectural and landscape changes to the countryside in order to realize these ideals. The Wörlitz gardens served as the starting point of the programme, becoming the first landscape garden in continental Europe. Over the next 40 years, Leopold adapted or
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on the continent. According to the ideals of Duke
Leopold III the park would also serve as an educational institution in architecture, gardening and agriculture, therefore large parts were open to the public from the beginning. Most buildings were designed by Erdmannsdorff, while the gardens were
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Großkühnau Castle marks the western end of the Garden Realm. It was built in 1780 for Albert of Anhalt-Dessau, a younger brother of Duke
Leopold III, at Kühnau Lake. The park includes several artificial islands, fruit tree orchards and a vineyard. Today the castle is the seat of the
743:. The rooms on the ground floor and first story are decorated with ornate stucco decorations and wall paintings. Nearby is the neogothic Snake House, which was used as a holiday home and tea-house. The orangery at the Snake House draws its design from London's
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Minor structures of the Garden Realm, stretching for some 25 km, had far-reaching ramifications in architecture of
Central Europe. The "Gothic House", started by Erdmannsdorff in 1774, modeled on the villa of
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An island on the artificial Wörlitz Lake features Europe's only artificial volcano. When
Leopold III went on a grand tour of Europe in the 1760s, he was captivated by a trip to Naples in which he saw a smouldering
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woodland north of Dessau, the palace features an
English garden with several monuments. The garden is the second largest within the Garden Kingdom aside from the Wörlitz gardens. Today the Georgium hosts the
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The original
Oranienbaum Palace was finished in 1683 as the summer residence of Henriette Catharina, where she retired after the death of her husband in 1693. The rich furnishing includes
357:. Because of its exceptional landscape design and testimony to the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm was designated as a world heritage site in 2000.
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developed several other parks and palaces to fit the
Enlightenment aesthetic, including the Oranienbaum Palace, Georgium Castle, Mosigkau Castle, and Großkühnau Castle.
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plants. Oranienbaum Palace together with the park and the geometrical settlement conception forms one of the few original Dutch
Baroque town layouts in Germany. Queen
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497:. The gardens are protected from floods of the Elbe river in the north by a dam which is also a belt-walk offering numerous views along the park's sight lines.
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built in 1795. In the early years of the following century, the landscape was enriched with the Neo-Gothic churches in the neighbouring villages of
816:, the trust running the park. Furthermore, the Garden Realm encompasses the Leiner Berg forester's lodge, built in 1830, now a restaurant near the
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under the supervision of architect
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was built, with 175 m (574 ft) in length one of the largest in Europe, which still serves to protect a wide collection of
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In 1780, John George (1748-1811), a younger brother of Duke
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across Europe. The tour (in particular the ancient architecture of Italy and the English landscape gardens), and the ideals of
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laid out by Johann Friedrich Eyserbeck (1734-1818), a garden architect who was indebted to such English antecedents as
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In 1758, Prince Leopold III became the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau, and five years later he and his friend, the architect
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they encountered abroad heavily influenced their artistic tendencies. The two men aimed to move from the
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river, making it rich in water and diversity. It was laid out between 1769 and 1773 as one of the first
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building in present-day Germany. The palace and its interior with valuable cabinets from the studio of
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The grounds, which had been divided into four parts since the construction of a railway line and the
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style as a country home according to plans by Erdmannsdorff with adjacent gardens, pastures and a
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St Peter's Church in the west with its 66 m (217 ft) tall steeple was finished in 1809.
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The Gardens had its origin in the 17th century, when the marriage of Leopold's great-grandfather
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Wörlitz Palace finished in 1773, the residence of Duke Leopold and his wife Louise of
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of Dessau-Wörlitz encompasses an area of 142 km (55 sq mi) within the
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porcelain were publicly accessible. Louise had her private home in the adjacent
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in the 1930s, were designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000.
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in 1673. The Dutch influence remained prevalent in the Principality of
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903:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
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underlie the design of the park and will lead to the creation of
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Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
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era to a more naturalistic landscape, as they had seen at
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Continental gardens in the English Landscape Garden style
820:, and the Sieglitzer Berg forest park laid out in 1777.
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Mosigkau Palace in the west of Dessau is one of the few
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and would have heard about the newly-discovered town of
988:"That Time a German Prince Built an Artificial Volcano"
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to the Dutch princess Henriette Catharina, daughter of
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Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg
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built in 1790 as a rotunda modeled after the ancient "
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670:, inspected the restoration works on 3 March 2004.
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1238:Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
258:Location of Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm in Germany
1097:For official site names, see each article or the
1017:Official site of the Dessau-Woerlitz Garden Realm
1387:Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen
1318:Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl
920:
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1027:Official Site of Kulturstiftung Dessau-Wörlitz
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1809:1769 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
869:Wörlitz Lake and Church St. Petri in Wörlitz
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51:introducing citations to additional sources
287:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm (Saxony-Anhalt)
1474:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
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129:
113:
1427:Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
775:. It was built between 1752 and 1757 for
135:Amalia's Grotto in the gardens of Wörlitz
1436:Frontiers of the Roman Empire in Bavaria
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317:in Germany, located between the city of
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1333:Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey
1178:Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin
1100:List of World Heritage Sites in Germany
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1464:Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof
1412:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
990:. Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from
958:"The Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz"
695:collection of art, including works by
367:Prince John George II of Anhalt-Dessau
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1168:Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
1444:Upper Germanic & Rhaetian Limes
1258:Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region
468:lies adjacent to the small town of
402:Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff
1191:Upper Harz Water Management System
897:"Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz"
857:The Rock Island and Villa Hamilton
14:
1804:Historic house museums in Germany
1032:Description and fotos (in German)
1022:Official site of the Wörlitz Park
773:Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff
727:Luisium Castle is located in the
516:as well as a large collection of
343:Duke Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau
1417:Augsburg Water Management System
1407:Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch
1126:Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
1085:
1067:
926:"The Gartenreich Dessau-Wörlitz"
862:
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777:Anna Wilhelmine of Anhalt-Dessau
630:and a dining room equipped with
371:Prince Frederick Henry of Orange
278:
271:
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34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
1784:World Heritage Sites in Germany
1273:Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski
986:Andrew Curry (30 August 2012).
638:, according to the theories of
329:. One of the first and largest
1814:Cultural landscapes of Germany
16:World Heritage Site in Germany
1:
1440:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
1151:Archaeological Border Complex
814:Kulturstiftung Dessau-Wörlitz
771:, which had been designed by
351:Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve
192:14,500 ha (36,000 acres)
62:"Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm"
1459:Monastic Island of Reichenau
960:. Tourist Information Dessau
901:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
307:Dessau-Wörlitzer Gartenreich
1449:Maulbronn Monastery Complex
1243:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
830:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
783:. The ensemble includes an
460:Artificial volcano erupting
303:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
115:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
1830:
664:Beatrix of the Netherlands
553:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
122:UNESCO World Heritage Site
1517:
1469:Pilgrimage Church of Wies
1377:Great Spa Towns of Europe
1343:Upper Middle Rhine Valley
1135:Roland on the Marketplace
1094:
795:, that features works by
787:and an art collection of
290:Show map of Saxony-Anhalt
235:
162:Cultural: (ii), (iv)
128:
1799:Museums in Saxony-Anhalt
1769:Gardens in Saxony-Anhalt
1764:Castles in Saxony-Anhalt
1173:Hanseatic City of Lübeck
789:Flemish Baroque painting
1432:Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt
1187:Historic Town of Goslar
1140:Fagus Factory in Alfeld
1121:ADGB Trade Union School
709:Lucas Cranach the Elder
353:in the German state of
1598:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1499:Messel Pit Fossil Site
1454:Margravial Opera House
1352:Cathedral of St. Peter
793:House of Orange-Nassau
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495:Stowe Landscape Garden
461:
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452:Gothic House (Wörlitz)
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1504:Ancient Beech Forests
1323:Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
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551:and the aesthetic of
549:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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220:51.84250°N 12.42083°E
1789:Landmarks in Germany
1382:Völklingen Ironworks
1338:Lower Germanic Limes
1262:Luther Memorials in
1212:Historic Centres of
1183:Mines of Rammelsberg
1159:St. Michael's Church
1155:St. Mary's Cathedral
1075:World Heritage Sites
640:Sir William Chambers
389:, which was renamed
47:improve this article
1249:Dresden Elbe Valley
1200:Kontorhaus District
845:View from a gondola
502:Brandenburg-Schwedt
397:for many decades.
315:World Heritage Site
262:Show map of Germany
216: /
116:
1774:Gardens in Germany
1356:Church of Our Lady
1278:Naumburg Cathedral
1253:(delisted in 2009)
779:, the daughter of
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628:leather wallpapers
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622:Oranienbaum Palace
547:The philosophy of
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347:cultural landscape
311:cultural landscape
225:51.84250; 12.42083
1751:
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1373:, Worms and Mainz
1328:Cologne Cathedral
807:Großkühnau Castle
797:Peter Paul Rubens
526:Wörlitz Synagogue
410:The Enlightenment
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994:on 19 April 2013
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781:Prince Leopold I
701:old master print
699:- especially an
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654:. In 1811, the
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530:Temple of Vesta
482:English gardens
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32:This article
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1709:Shared with
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998:25 September
996:. Retrieved
992:the original
962:. Retrieved
929:. Retrieved
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731:district of
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1684:Netherlands
1670:Switzerland
1572:Switzerland
759:palaces in
745:Kew Gardens
632:Delft tiles
614:Oranienbaum
595:(1800) and
522:Graues Haus
391:Oranienbaum
305:, (German:
223: /
198:Coordinates
180:2000 (24th
177:Inscription
1758:Categories
1509:Wadden Sea
1268:Wittenberg
1163:Hildesheim
878:References
542:Neo-Gothic
406:Grand Tour
211:12°25′15″E
208:51°50′33″N
73:newspapers
1214:Stralsund
1204:Chilehaus
1149:Danevirke
765:Sanssouci
741:stud farm
729:Waldersee
648:tea house
597:Vockerode
491:Stourhead
487:Claremont
474:anabranch
422:Stourhead
387:Nischwitz
167:Reference
103:July 2010
43:talk page
1704:Slovakia
1658:Slovenia
1652:Slovakia
1604:Bulgaria
1566:Slovenia
1398:Southern
1264:Eisleben
1147:and the
1112:Northern
785:orangery
688:riparian
656:orangery
599:(1811).
589:Pantheon
518:Wedgwood
158:Criteria
142:Location
1730:Czechia
1724:Belgium
1718:Austria
1698:Austria
1690:Denmark
1676:Ukraine
1646:Romania
1610:Croatia
1592:Belgium
1586:Austria
1580:Albania
1548:Austria
1490:Natural
1304:Western
1229:Central
1208:Hamburg
1081:Germany
824:Gallery
769:Potsdam
703:of his
593:Riesigk
569:Pompeii
557:follies
510:Abraham
476:of the
470:Wörlitz
418:Baroque
335:Germany
323:Wörlitz
309:) is a
182:Session
151:Germany
87:scholar
1794:Dessau
1712:France
1640:Poland
1622:France
1554:France
1532:Poland
1371:Speyer
1218:Wismar
1145:Hedeby
964:14 Aug
931:14 Aug
907:14 Aug
757:Rococo
733:Dessau
707:- and
693:Anhalt
660:citrus
652:pagoda
650:and a
608:ICOMOS
472:at an
379:Oranje
361:Origin
339:Europe
319:Dessau
171:534rev
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1736:Italy
1664:Spain
1628:Italy
1560:Italy
1360:Trier
1202:with
375:Dutch
94:JSTOR
80:books
1701:and
1687:and
1673:and
1569:and
1354:and
1266:and
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1157:and
1133:and
1000:2012
966:2022
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909:2022
799:and
646:, a
512:and
493:and
478:Elbe
313:and
301:The
189:Area
66:news
1358:in
1206:in
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1078:in
767:at
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333:in
325:in
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