428:
427:
33:
402:
269:
411:
offers a constitutional model for future overseas deployment in circumvention of
Article 9. Another interpretation is that the deployment is entirely symbolic as it comes at little financial or human cost to the Koizumi administration, has a negligible effect on the strategic situation in Iraq, and is simply aimed at maintaining positive relations with the U.S. so as to perpetuate a favorable economic relationship.
101:
157:
375:
threatened to burn the hostages alive if
Japanese troops were not removed from Iraq within three days. A spokeswoman for the Islamic Clerics Committee, which negotiated their release, said that growing public calls in Japan for the SDF troops to be withdrawn from Iraq led to the release of three Japanese.
461:
Prime
Minister Koizumi decided on December 8, 2005 to renew the contingent's mandate for another year, despite a poll by the Asahi newspaper which found that 69% of respondents were against renewing the mandate, up from 55% in January. A total of nine JIRSG scheduled rotations took place between 2004
510:
forces continue to play a minor support role. As of
November 2006, JASDF transport aircraft were assisting coalition forces by airlifting materials and personnel between Iraq and Kuwait. The airlift mission was extended until July 31, 2007, at which point it was extended again for another two years.
486:
Although
Defense Agency officials initially denied a report that the JSDF would be withdrawing from Iraq, they eventually confirmed that the contingent would leave Iraq by March 2006. Officials, however, subsequently insisted that any withdrawal would hinge on the ability of the Iraqis to form a new
514:
Due to rising anti-Iraq war sentiment from the opposition, the
Japanese government announced that its JASDF forces in Kuwait would withdraw soon, though it was announced that the withdrawal was due to the improving security situation and the nearing expiration of the United Nations Security Council
324:
Their duties had included tasks such as water purification, reconstruction and reestablishment of public facilities, including medical facilities known as Public Health
Centers, for the Iraqi people. While legally required to remain within noncombat zones, GSDF records revealed that Japanese troops
378:
In a statement released on July 20, 2004, Al
Zarqawi warned Japan, Poland and Bulgaria to withdraw their troops, demanding that the Japanese government: '...do what the Philippines has done...', and threatening that: 'Lines of cars laden with explosives are awaiting you...' if the demands were not
374:
On April 8, 2004, three
Japanese- a journalist and two aid workers- were kidnapped, but they were released several days later on April 15. The following day, another two Japanese- an aid worker and a journalist- were kidnapped and released within 24 hours. The kidnappers of the original three had
410:
Analysts differ as to the political ramifications of the deployment. One view is that it represents the emergence of Japan as a close military ally of the United States, strategically positioned as a counterweight to China's growing regional power. This position asserts that the Iraq deployment
414:
At the height of the deployment, on
September 19, 2005, a senior Defense Agency official succinctly gave his opinion on the future prospects for overseas Japanese military deployments, drawing on his opinion of the Iraq mission: "It isn’t worth it". Analysts said that the restrictive rules of
386:, was found in Baghdad on October 30, 2004, several days after he had been kidnapped. His captors had promised to execute him unless Japanese troops were withdrawn. According to Channel NewsAsia, the killing renewed domestic pressure on Prime Minister Koizumi to bring the contingent home.
418:
One opposition member had said that the JIRSG deployment "wouldn't be a problem if it really were for humanitarian reasons. But it is first and foremost a show of support to the U.S. The U.S. invaded Iraq without a U.N. resolution, and Japan is now aiding in that act."
498:
On June 25, the first batch of the 600-member contingent began to withdraw from Samawah to Kuwait. The last 220 troops left Iraq by July 18. And the JIRSG base in Samawah was planned to be the new headquarters of the 2nd Brigade, 10th Division of the
494:
Koizumi announced on June 20, 2006, that the Japanese contingent would be withdrawn within 'several dozen days', however he suggested expanding airborne logistical support from southern parts of the country to Baghdad in place of the ground force.
465:
Protection for the unit was provided primarily by Australian and Dutch troops, as the Japanese soldiers were prohibited from engaging Iraqi guerrillas unless they came under fire. However, a small number of
405:
A Komatsu LAV on display with Japanese Iraq Reconstruction and Support Group markings during a public exhibition. Note the shield on top of the vehicle to protect standing JGSDF soldiers from gunfire at all
1441:
1169:
1461:
415:
engagement and reliance on the constant protection of others effectively renders meaningful Japanese participation in international operations impossible for the foreseeable future.
1436:
654:
64:
435:
Since the beginning of the war in Iraq, the city of Samawah has continuously been a relatively stable city, in what is probably the most peaceful and sparsely populated
491:
was established in May 2006, and Koizumi subsequently announced that forces could be withdrawn as early as the end of July given the completion of the mission.
1385:
778:
1318:
1136:
807:
1165:
515:
Resolution 1790, which allowed multinational forces to stay in Iraq until December 2008. The last JASDF forces left Kuwait on December 18, 2008.
478:
soldiers were deployed to provide protection. Mortars and rockets were lobbed at the Japanese camp several times, causing no damage or injuries.
353:
prohibits the use of military forces unless for self-defence purposes (operating in Iraq seemed, at best, tenuously connected to that mission).
913:
350:
341:. This marks a significant turning point in Japan's history, as it represents the first foreign deployment of Japanese troops since the end of
360:, the Koizumi administration legislated the Humanitarian Relief and Iraqi Reconstruction Special Measures Law on December 9, 2003, in the
1058:
1451:
728:
979:
1446:
1269:
318:
1028:
Eric Heginbotham and Richard J. Samuels, "Japan's Dual Hedge," Foreign Affairs, Vol 81, No. 5 (September/October, 2002), pp. 110–121
82:
197:
1456:
1377:
1216:
840:
471:
639:
995:
673:
446:
The first elements of the contingent arrived in Kuwait on January 9 and January 17, 2004, after an advance team from the
1413:
475:
467:
447:
314:
1305:
1100:
Robert Catley and David Mosler, The American Challenge: The World Resists US Liberalism Ashgate Publishing, 2007), 148.
753:
1244:
629:
43:
1019:
Christopher W. Hughes, Japan's Re-emergence as a 'Normal' Military Power. Oxford University Press, 2004, page 83.
302:
1270:"Results of Transport Activities by the Iraq Reconstruction Assistance by the dispatched Air Transport Squadron"
337:
administration originally ordered the controversial formation and deployment of the JIRSG at the request of the
1190:
1400:
1144:
436:
1083:
804:
1110:
873:
860:
634:
32:
523:
On April 17, 2008, the Nagoya High Court ruled that the dispatch of troops was partly unconstitutional.
1070:
950:
938:
886:
401:
47:
17:
917:
874:
Prime Minister Koizumi Encourages Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) to be Dispatched to Iraq.
845:
334:
268:
371:, Iraq on November 29, 2003, while preparations for the deployment were in their final stages.
1123:
1038:
349:
auspices. Public opinion regarding the deployment was sharply divided, especially given that
1357:
1273:
976:
823:
488:
1367:
1417:
1404:
1372:
1220:
983:
811:
649:
440:
60:
1071:
Prime Minister Encourages Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) to be Dispatched to Iraq.
511:
As of November 26, 2008, 671.1 tons of supplies have been transported since March 2004.
114:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
346:
1336:
1213:
704:
458:. The first JGSDF troops arrived at the Dutch military base in Samawah on January 19.
1430:
390:
361:
338:
227:
342:
999:
431:
Iraqi children shake hands with JGSDF soldiers during a reconstruction operation.
1381:
644:
450:(JASDF) assessed the security situation in Samawah in late December 2003 and to
383:
680:
1293:
500:
955:
891:
1248:
1232:
779:"Colonel Masato Taura of Japan's Ground Self-Defense Forces , head of..."
313:
in early January 2004 and withdrawn by late July 2006. However, the last
144:
February 3, 2004 (Activated) – July 18, 2006 (Disbanded for JGSDF forces)
1362:
357:
306:
207:
451:
368:
1209:
1207:
951:"USATODAY.com - Al-Zarqawi's group warns Japan to withdraw troops"
507:
426:
400:
162:
455:
310:
301:, was a battalion-sized, largely humanitarian contingent of the
211:
286:
Japan Self-Defense Forces Iraq Reconstruction and Support Group
914:"Japanese hostage trio freed in Iraq - The Japan Times Online"
94:
26:
1337:"BBC NEWS - Asia-Pacific - Japan ends five-year Iraq mission"
977:
Shosei Koda was the first Japanese killed in Iraq – Pravda.Ru
705:"Profile of State Minister for Foreign Affairs Masahisa SATO"
317:
forces left Kuwait on December 18, 2008. Approximately 5,500
939:
USATODAY.com – Two remaining Japanese hostages freed in Iraq
841:"SDF logs cast doubt over legality of Japan's Iraq mission"
1245:"2-year extension for airlift operations in Iraq approved"
356:
In order to legalize the deployment of Japanese forces in
238:
Colonel Koichiro Bansho (February 27, 2004 – May 26, 2004)
1378:
The Nagoya High Court Decision on Japanese Forces in Iraq
393:, was killed in an ambush on his convoy on May 25, 2005.
321:
members were present in Samawah between 2004 and 2006.
55:
1414:
Official (former) Japanese Ministry of Defense Website
1124:
Japan: A Liberal, Nationalistic Defense Transformation
887:"USATODAY.com - Two Japanese diplomats killed in Iraq"
1442:
Overseas deployments of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
655:
Thai Humanitarian Assistance Task Force 976 Thai-Iraq
1233:
Japan to extend air mission in Iraq until next July
263:
258:
250:
242:
234:
222:
217:
203:
192:
184:
176:
168:
150:
138:
133:
1358:Court says Japan's Iraq operation unconstitutional
996:"Iraq Coalition Casualties: Contractor Fatalities"
1401:Official (former) Japanese Defense Agency Website
367:Two Japanese diplomats were shot and killed near
1166:"GSDF sergeant shoplifts to avoid Iraq mission?"
729:"Iraq commander noted for cool-headed decisions"
364:, even though the opposition firmly opposed it.
506:Although all Japanese soldiers have left Iraq,
1462:History of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
345:, excluding those deployments conducted under
290:
282:Japanese Iraq Reconstruction and Support Group
134:Japanese Iraq Reconstruction and Support Group
325:were present in areas of active hostilities.
254:Colonel Masato Taura (June 25, 2004 - ?)
8:
1437:Multinational force involved in the Iraq War
800:
798:
246:Colonel Yuki Imaura (May 8, 2004 – ?)
1039:"The American Enterprise Institute - AEI"
83:Learn how and when to remove this message
1137:"Japan launches counter-terrorism force"
834:
832:
530:
487:government by the end of 2006. A united
454:for the arrival of other JSDF forces to
665:
1306:Japan may withdraw military from Iraq.
824:Australia Deploys More Troops to Iraq.
601:November 12, 2005 – February 17, 2006
351:Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan
230:(January 16, 2004 - February 27, 2004)
146:2004–2008 (Disbanded for JASDF forces)
130:
389:One Japanese private security guard,
18:Deployment of Japanese troops to Iraq
7:
1191:"Japanese Forces Begin Iraq Pullout"
709:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
674:"防衛省・自衛隊：防衛省ウェブサイトのＨｔｔｐｓへの切り替えのお知らせ"
569:August 30, 2004 – February 27, 2005
382:The body of a Japanese backpacker,
1368:Major ruling on SDF's Iraq mission
1294:Japan to end Iraq mission in 2009?
319:Japanese Ground Self-Defense Force
48:link to broken or outdated sources
25:
1214:Japan Begins Withdrawal from Iraq
1382:the court's decision in Japanese
1380:(Craig Martin, April 24, 2008);
448:Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces
267:
155:
99:
31:
1172:from the original on 2014-05-14
1168:. The Japan Times. 2006-02-22.
839:Kato, Masaya (April 17, 2018).
805:Fresh troops for southern Iraq.
754:"Replacements ship out to Iraq"
1073:Retrieved on January 27, 2008.
1061:Retrieved on January 27, 2008.
876:Retrieved on January 27, 2008.
826:Retrieved on December 4, 2008.
814:Retrieved on December 5, 2008.
593:August 23 – November 11, 2005
472:Western Army Infantry Regiment
142:January 19, 2004 (Established)
1:
1308:Retrieved on October 6, 2008.
1296:Retrieved on October 6, 2008.
1059:Asia Enters the Fray, Page 3.
640:Overwatch Battle Group (West)
561:August 30 – December 5, 2004
468:Japanese Special Forces Group
63:or discuss this issue on the
1143:. 2007-04-07. Archived from
1084:"Japan extends Iraq mission"
297:Jietai Iraku Fukkou Shiengun
1420: (archived 2007-03-07)
1407: (archived 2006-12-12)
1319:"Japan to end Iraq mission"
630:Multinational force in Iraq
609:February 18 – May 25, 2006
577:February 28 – May 27, 2005
1478:
1452:Foreign relations of Japan
1223:Retrieved on April 1, 2007
1126:Retrieved on April 3, 2007
545:February 3 – May 26, 2004
1447:Foreign relations of Iraq
585:May 28 – August 22, 2005
553:May 27 – August 29, 2004
303:Japan Self-Defense Forces
291:
108:This article needs to be
617:May 26 – July 16, 2006
758:The Japan Times Online
733:The Japan Times Online
635:Al Muthanna Task Group
432:
407:
1457:Japan in the Iraq War
430:
404:
196:Under command of the
1325:. 11 September 2008.
476:1st Airborne Brigade
284:, also known as the
1376:, April 20, 2008);
1366:, April 17, 2008);
846:Nikkei Asian Review
61:addressing link rot
56:improve the article
1386:Google translation
1339:. 18 December 2008
1323:The Economic Times
1219:2006-06-28 at the
1090:. 8 December 2005.
982:2006-02-21 at the
810:2007-09-01 at the
433:
408:
621:
620:
305:that was sent to
275:
274:
129:
128:
93:
92:
85:
16:(Redirected from
1469:
1423:
1410:
1389:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1272:. Archived from
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1247:. Archived from
1241:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1020:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
998:. Archived from
992:
986:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
947:
941:
936:
930:
929:
927:
925:
916:. Archived from
910:
904:
903:
901:
899:
883:
877:
871:
865:
864:
857:
851:
850:
836:
827:
821:
815:
802:
793:
792:
790:
789:
775:
769:
768:
766:
765:
750:
744:
743:
741:
740:
725:
719:
718:
716:
715:
701:
695:
694:
692:
691:
685:
679:. Archived from
678:
670:
614:10th Contingent
531:
527:Unit Deployments
489:Iraqi government
300:
294:
293:
271:
161:
159:
158:
131:
124:
121:
115:
103:
102:
95:
88:
81:
77:
74:
68:
58:
35:
27:
21:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1418:Wayback Machine
1408:
1405:Wayback Machine
1397:
1392:
1373:The Japan Times
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1292:
1288:
1279:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1254:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1227:
1221:Wayback Machine
1212:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1111:"1 イラク人道復興支援活動"
1109:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1005:
1003:
994:
993:
989:
984:Wayback Machine
975:
971:
961:
959:
949:
948:
944:
937:
933:
923:
921:
912:
911:
907:
897:
895:
885:
884:
880:
872:
868:
859:
858:
854:
838:
837:
830:
822:
818:
812:Wayback Machine
803:
796:
787:
785:
777:
776:
772:
763:
761:
752:
751:
747:
738:
736:
727:
726:
722:
713:
711:
703:
702:
698:
689:
687:
683:
676:
672:
671:
667:
663:
650:Zaytun Division
626:
606:9th Contingent
598:8th Contingent
590:7th Contingent
582:6th Contingent
574:5th Contingent
566:4th Contingent
558:3rd Contingent
550:2nd Contingent
542:1st Contingent
529:
521:
484:
425:
399:
331:
288:
278:
156:
154:
145:
143:
125:
119:
116:
113:
104:
100:
89:
78:
72:
69:
54:
52:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1411:
1396:
1395:External links
1393:
1391:
1390:
1350:
1328:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1261:
1236:
1225:
1203:
1182:
1157:
1141:The China Post
1128:
1116:
1102:
1093:
1075:
1063:
1051:
1030:
1021:
1012:
987:
969:
942:
931:
905:
878:
866:
852:
828:
816:
794:
784:. 25 June 2004
770:
745:
720:
696:
664:
662:
659:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
625:
622:
619:
618:
615:
611:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
595:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
571:
570:
567:
563:
562:
559:
555:
554:
551:
547:
546:
543:
539:
538:
535:
528:
525:
520:
517:
483:
480:
424:
421:
398:
395:
347:United Nations
330:
327:
276:
273:
272:
265:
261:
260:
256:
255:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
224:
220:
219:
215:
214:
205:
201:
200:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
152:
148:
147:
140:
136:
135:
127:
126:
107:
105:
98:
91:
90:
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1474:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1422:(in Japanese)
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:(in Japanese)
1406:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1351:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1287:
1276:on 2008-09-30
1275:
1271:
1265:
1262:
1251:on 2007-10-22
1250:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1147:on 2009-04-10
1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1002:on 2008-01-26
1001:
997:
991:
988:
985:
981:
978:
973:
970:
958:
957:
952:
946:
943:
940:
935:
932:
920:on 4 May 2004
919:
915:
909:
906:
894:
893:
888:
882:
879:
875:
870:
867:
862:
856:
853:
848:
847:
842:
835:
833:
829:
825:
820:
817:
813:
809:
806:
801:
799:
795:
783:
780:
774:
771:
759:
755:
749:
746:
734:
730:
724:
721:
710:
706:
700:
697:
686:on 2021-07-29
682:
675:
669:
666:
660:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
623:
616:
613:
612:
608:
605:
604:
600:
597:
596:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
580:
576:
573:
572:
568:
565:
564:
560:
557:
556:
552:
549:
548:
544:
541:
540:
536:
533:
532:
526:
524:
518:
516:
512:
509:
504:
502:
496:
492:
490:
481:
479:
477:
473:
469:
463:
459:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
429:
422:
420:
416:
412:
403:
396:
394:
392:
391:Akihiko Saito
387:
385:
380:
376:
372:
370:
365:
363:
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:United States
336:
328:
326:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
298:
287:
283:
277:Military unit
270:
266:
262:
257:
253:
251:4th Commander
249:
245:
243:3rd Commander
241:
237:
235:2nd Commander
233:
229:
228:Masahisa Sato
225:
223:1st Commander
221:
216:
213:
209:
206:
202:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
164:
153:
149:
141:
137:
132:
123:
111:
106:
97:
96:
87:
84:
76:
66:
62:
57:
50:
49:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1371:
1361:
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1331:
1322:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1278:. Retrieved
1274:the original
1264:
1253:. Retrieved
1249:the original
1239:
1228:
1194:. Retrieved
1185:
1174:. Retrieved
1160:
1149:. Retrieved
1145:the original
1140:
1131:
1119:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1066:
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1015:
1004:. Retrieved
1000:the original
990:
972:
960:. Retrieved
954:
945:
934:
922:. Retrieved
918:the original
908:
896:. Retrieved
890:
881:
869:
855:
844:
819:
786:. Retrieved
782:Getty Images
781:
773:
762:. Retrieved
760:. 2004-05-09
757:
748:
737:. Retrieved
735:. 2004-02-02
732:
723:
712:. Retrieved
708:
699:
688:. Retrieved
681:the original
668:
522:
513:
505:
497:
493:
485:
464:
460:
445:
434:
417:
413:
409:
397:Significance
388:
381:
377:
373:
366:
355:
343:World War II
332:
323:
296:
285:
281:
279:
264:Sleeve patch
193:Part of
180:Humanitarian
120:January 2024
117:
109:
79:
73:January 2024
70:
41:
645:Dancon/Irak
537:Deployment
534:Contingent
384:Shosei Koda
309:, Southern
292:自衛隊イラク復興支援群
204:Garrison/HQ
1431:Categories
1280:2008-12-05
1255:2007-08-14
1176:2013-06-16
1151:2009-01-13
1006:2008-01-25
788:2020-02-19
764:2020-02-19
739:2020-02-19
714:2020-02-19
690:2021-07-02
661:References
501:Iraqi Army
482:Withdrawal
462:and 2006.
423:Deployment
329:Background
218:Commanders
956:USA Today
892:USA Today
172:Battalion
65:talk page
44:citations
1217:Archived
1170:Archived
1088:ABC News
980:Archived
861:"自衛隊の活動"
808:Archived
624:See also
437:province
259:Insignia
226:Colonel
1416:at the
1403:at the
1363:Reuters
1343:8 April
1196:8 April
1044:8 April
962:8 April
924:8 April
898:8 April
441:Kurdish
439:of non-
358:Samawah
335:Koizumi
307:Samawah
208:Samawah
151:Country
110:updated
53:Please
519:Legacy
474:, and
452:Kuwait
443:Iraq.
406:sides.
369:Tikrit
160:
139:Active
684:(PDF)
677:(PDF)
508:JASDF
379:met.
315:JASDF
198:JGSDF
163:Japan
46:that
42:uses
1345:2017
1198:2017
1046:2017
964:2017
926:2017
900:2017
456:Iraq
362:Diet
333:The
311:Iraq
280:The
212:Iraq
185:Size
177:Role
169:Type
188:600
59:by
1433::
1321:.
1206:^
1139:.
1086:.
953:.
889:.
843:.
831:^
797:^
756:.
731:.
707:.
503:.
470:,
295:,
210:,
1388:)
1384:(
1370:(
1360:(
1347:.
1283:.
1258:.
1200:.
1179:.
1154:.
1113:.
1048:.
1009:.
966:.
928:.
902:.
863:.
849:.
791:.
767:.
742:.
717:.
693:.
299:)
289:(
122:)
118:(
112:.
86:)
80:(
75:)
71:(
67:.
51:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
